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1基础·自主学习核心·互动探究SectionⅢReadingandThinking(2)Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.Therewerecallsfor____________(主要的)chang
estothesystem.2.Letlovebearoundme;let____________(文明)followyou.3.Astimegoesby,Ihavechangedmy____________(态度)andIeventhinksheislovely.4.Aft
erthreeyearsofstudy,shehasagoodcommandofthe____________(方言)here.majorcivilizationattitudedialect2基础·自主学习核心·互动探究5.Whatisthe__________
__(确切的)aimsinceyouareworkingsohard?6.Therearetwomainlydifferentpoliticalpartiestoplayanimportantpartinthestat
e____________(affair)inthiscountry.7.Thisisanoldbuilding____________(date)backtothe14thcentury.8.Theyjoinedusinthediscussiononhowto
stop____________(globe)warming.9.Beijingisfilledwithpeoplefrom____________(variety)ofpartsofChina.10.Ithelpschildrentodevelopan
____________(appreciate)ofpoetryandliterature.specificaffairsdatingglobalvarietiesappreciation3基础·自主学习核心·互动探究Ⅱ.短语语境填
空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.Ourlifehasits_____________________(兴衰)andweneedsomeonetoridewithus.2.Shecouldnotspeak,butshemadeherwishesknown
_______________________(依靠)signs.3.Aseveryoneknows,she___________________________(在„„中起重要作用)ourorganization.4.Hedecidedthathewo
ulddrive________________(一路上)homeinsteadofputtingupatahotelforthenight.5.Wevisitedatemplewhich________________(追溯到)
2,000yearsago.upsanddownsbymeansofplaysanimportantroleinallthewaydatesbackto4基础·自主学习核心·互动探究Ⅰ.语境串记多义词1.He
describedthecharacterofthecharacterheplayedwithtwoChinesecharacters.他用了两个汉字来描述他所扮演的角色的性格。2.Inthatregard,thepurposesofthetwomightberegar
deddifferentlyandmoresoafterthisnews.在这点上,两者的目的可能要区别对待,在这则新闻公布后更是如此。记单词5基础·自主学习核心·互动探究Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词1.形容词后缀:-al,-ableglobe(n.
)→globalaccept(vt.)→acceptablecomfort(n.)→comfortable2.名词后缀:-ion,-ityappreciate(vt.)→appreciationmajor(adj.)→majority6基础·自
主学习核心·互动探究Ⅲ.句式语境仿写1.BytheShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE),thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.到了商朝(大约公元前1600-前1046
年),这些符号已经成为一个成熟的书写体系。[仿写]到上周末我们已收到1000多条短信。Bytheendoflastweek,we________________over1,000textmessages.2.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodiffer
entforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.多年来,由于中国人在地理上的分裂,它(书写体
系)发展成不同的形式,方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。[仿写]那场大火持续了近一周,没有剩下什么值钱的东西。Thefirelastednearlyaweek,______________________
________________.hadreceivedleavingnothingvaluable7基础·自主学习核心·互动探究3.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandcultu
re.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。[仿写]做早操对你的健康有利。Doingmorningexerciseswill_________________________________________toyourhealth.4.Eventoday,nomatterwher
eChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天,无论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。[仿写]无论他说什么,不要
相信他。Don’ttrusthim,____________________________________________________.beofbenefitnomatterwhat/whateverhesays8基础·自主学习核心·互动探究句型公式1.“b
y+时间”短语组成的介词短语表示“到„„时为止”,在句中作时间状语,句子的谓语动词常用完成时态。2.现在分词短语作结果状语。3.“of+名词”结构,相当于同根形容词。4.nomatter+where/
when/how/what/who/which引导让步状语从句。9基础·自主学习核心·互动探究UnderstandingincontextTHECHINESEWRITINGSYSTEM:CONNECTINGTHEPASTANDTHEPRESENTChi
naiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Thereare
manyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapictu
re-basedlanguage.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancien
tsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday’shanzi.10基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[文化视窗]甲骨文,是汉字的早期形式,是现存中国王朝时期最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文发现于中国河南省安阳市殷墟,是商朝(约公元前
17世纪—公元前11世纪)的文化产物,距今有3600多年的历史。11基础·自主学习核心·互动探究1.basevt.以„„为据点;以„„为基础n.底部;根据basicadj.基本的;基础的[合作探究]体
会base的用法和意义Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopiniononfacts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。Inmydiary,Isetdownaseriesofthingsthatarea
llbasedon/uponfacts.在我的日记里,我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。Thebaseofhisargumentisthatpeopleloveeachother.他的论点的基础是人类的互爱。12基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[自主发现]①base...on...
以„„为„„的基础②________________以„„为基础/依据[词块积累]productionbase生产基地airbase空军基地aresearchbase科研基地bebasedon/upon13基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化]翻译句子①Inevernoticedthelette
rsatthebaseofthepyramid.________________________________________________________________________②医患关系
是以信任为基础的。________________________________________________________________________我从来没有注意到在金字塔基底的字母。Thedoc
tor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust.14基础·自主学习核心·互动探究2.dateback(to)=datefrom追溯到;始于[合作探究]体会date短语的用法和意义①Myinterest
instampcollectingdatesbacktomyschooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。②Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasahistorydatingfromtheearlyTang
Dynasty.据专家说这座寺庙的历史可追溯到初唐时期。[自主发现]datebackto和datefrom一般不用于进行时态,在句中作定语时,常用____________形式。现在分词15基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[短语记牢]记牢下列短语outofdat
e过时,陈旧uptodate最新的,最近的todate到目前为止③YourIDcardisoutofdate;changeitforanewone,please.你的身份证过期了,请换新的。16基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化](1)单句语法填空①Itissaidthatthehistor
yofthetown____________(date)backto1,400yearsago.②Inthisremotevillagestandsanancienttempledating____________hundredsofyearsago.(2)补全句子③Allthepho
tographsinthisbook____________________the1950s.本书中所有照片均始于20世纪50年代。④Thematerialisso________________thatithasn’tbeenwidelyused_____
___________.这一材料是最新的,到现在为止还没有得到广泛应用。datesfromdatebackto/fromuptodatetodate17基础·自主学习核心·互动探究UnderstandingincontextBytheShangDyn
asty(around1600-1046BCE),thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asi
twasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoft
heQinDynasty(221-207BCE).EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewriting
systembegantodevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeoplelive
orwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.18基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[文化视窗]秦始皇(前259年—前210年)出生于赵国都城邯郸,十三岁继承王位,三十九岁称皇帝,在位三十七年;中国历史上著名的政治家、战略
家、改革家。公元前221年,他建立了首个多民族的中央集权国家,是首位完成华夏大一统的铁腕政治人物,也是古今中外第一个称皇帝的封建王朝君主。19基础·自主学习核心·互动探究3.varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化;多变(
性)variousadj.不同的;各种各样的varyvt.&vi.改变;变化[合作探究]体会variety及其相关词的用法和意义Thereareavarietyofthemeparksintheworld,wh
ereyoucanhavefun.世界上有各种各样的主题公园,在那里你可以玩得愉快。Forvariousreasons,sherefusedtoacceptthejob.由于种种原因,她拒绝接受这份工作。Our
countryvarieswidelyintraditionfromoneareatoanother.我们国家各地风俗习惯迥然不同。20基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[自主发现]①avarietyof=varietiesof
各种各样的;不同种类的②________________在„„到„„之间变化[巩固内化]单句语法填空①Theauthorgave____________(vary)reasonsforhavingwrittenthebook.②
Wehave____________(variety)offlowersinourgarden.③Teachingmethodsvarygreatly____________schooltoschool.[思考]表示“多种多样的”短语还有哪些?___________
_____________________________________________________________varyfrom...to...variousvarietiesfromkindsof,sortsof等。21
基础·自主学习核心·互动探究4.majoradj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修课程;主修学生vi.主修;专门研究majorityn.多数;大半minorityn.少数;少数民族[合作探究]体会major
及其相关词的用法和意义①Doyouknowwhatthemajorcauseofthestrikeis?你知道这次罢工的____________原因是什么吗?②Sheisahistorymajor.Thatistosay,hermajorishistory.她是历史____________。
换言之,她的____________是历史。③MaryismajoringinFrenchatStanford.玛丽正在斯坦福____________法语。④Womenareinthemajorityinthecompany;menareintheminori
ty.在这家公司,女性____________,男性占少数。主要专业的学生主修科目主修占大多数22基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[自主发现]⑤major____________主修⑥____________themajority占大多数
[巩固内化](1)单句语法填空①Shemajored____________EnglishinBeijingUniversitymanyyearsago.②The____________(major)weregraduatesfromthisschool.(2)补全句子③
____________________attendingthelecturearestudentsandgirlsare________________.出席讲座的大多数人是学生,而且女生占多数。i
nininmajorityThemajorityofpeopleinthemajority23基础·自主学习核心·互动探究5.Thatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinuniting
theChinesepeopleandculture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。【句式解读】ofgreatimportance属于“of+名词”结构,相当于veryimportant。【用法总结】“of+名词”结构中,名词是use/impo
rtance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity等时,相当于其名词所对应的形容词,这类名词前可用no,some,any,little,much,great等词修
饰。①Whatyouaresayingisofnointerest(=notinteresting)tome.你说的话让我提不起兴趣。②Hisopinionisconsideredtobeofgreatvalue(=veryvaluable).大家一致认为他的
观点很有价值。24基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化](1)补全句子①Thewaythathehadthoughtoftodealwiththeproblem____________________.他想出来的处理这个问题的方法很有价值。(2)同义句转换②Thisme
dicineisofnouse.→Thismedicineis____________.③Whathesaidatthemeetingwasofgreatvalue.→Whathesaidatthemeetingwas________________.wasofgreatvalueusele
ssveryvaluable25基础·自主学习核心·互动探究6.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天,无
论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。【句式解读】nomatterwhere“无论何地”,在句中引导让步状语从句。【用法总结】(1)nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.不论
„„;不管„„,引导让步状语从句。①NomatterwhereIam,IwillalwaysrememberIamaChinese.不管我身在何方,我都会记住自己是个中国人。(2)“nomatter+疑问词
”结构与“疑问词+-ever”在用法上的异同:·“nomatter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,这时可以和“疑问词+-ever”互换。26基础·自主学习核心·互动探究·“疑问词+-ever”可引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。·whenever,wher
ever,however等只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。②Youhavetogoonnomatterwhat(=whatever)difficultiesyoumeet.无论遇到什么困难,你都必须继续做下去。③Whoever(
=Nomatterwho)youare,youmustobeythelaw.不论是谁,都要遵纪守法。④Whateverisworthdoingshouldbedonewell.值得做的事就应该做好。27基础·自主
学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化]同义句转换①Nomatterwhatproblemyouhave,turntome.→____________________________________________
__________,turntome.②Howeverlongittakes,we’llhavetofindthejob.→__________________________________________ittakes,we’llhaveto
findthejob.③Anyonewhowantsthebookmayhaveit.→_______________________________________________thebookmayhaveit.④Youshouldnotgivechild
renwhatevertheywant.→Youshouldnotgivechildren_________________________________theywant.WhateverproblemyouhaveNomatter
howlongWhoeverwantsanythingthat28基础·自主学习核心·互动探究UnderstandingincontextWrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedw
ithitspast.PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemca
nbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChinesecultur
e.Today,theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs
,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.29基
础·自主学习核心·互动探究[文化视窗]中国书法中国书法是以汉字为基础的文化艺术,是记录汉语的书写符号,在历史发展进程中经历了字形、结体、笔画的演变,逐渐具有了特殊的审美意义,并且造就了中国书法造型多变、种类繁多、颇具特色、美
不胜收的艺术发展史。2009年,联合国教科文组织将中国的汉字书法列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。30基础·自主学习核心·互动探究7.meansn.方式;方法;途径[合作探究]体会means的用法和意义Inadditi
on,wehavemorechoicesbymeansof“wildrelease”.此外,通过自由分享我们有更多的选择。Bynomeansishesatisfiedwiththejobatpresent.他目前对这项工作一点也不满意。Everypossiblemean
shasbeentried,butnonehasworked.→Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried,butnonehasworked.各种可能的办法都尝试了,但没有一种奏效。Wec
ansavemuchtimebythismeans.通过这种方法,我们可以节省大量时间。31基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[自主发现]①________________通过;用;借助于②bythismeans用这种方法③________________绝不;无论如何也不(放在句首时,句子用部分
倒装)[名师提醒](1)means作主语且有every,each等表示单数意义的词对其进行修饰时,谓语动词用单数。(2)means作主语且有all,several,many,few等表示复数意义的词对其进行修饰时,谓语动词用复数。bymeansofbyn
omeans32基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化]选词填空(bymeansof/bythismeans/bynomeans)①________________heturnedourattentiontowhatwasgoodi
nthelife.②Itis________________certainthatwe’llfinishtheprojectbyJune.③Shetriedtoexplain________________
signlanguage.[思考]means是单复数同形的名词。常见的单复数同形的名词还有哪些?________________________________________________________________________Bythismeansbynomeansbymeansof
series(系列),works(作品;工厂)等。33基础·自主学习核心·互动探究8.regardn.尊重;关注vt.把„„视为;看待regardingprep.关于,至于[合作探究]体会regard的用法和意义Wehavehighregar
dfortheadvancedworkers.我们非常尊敬先进工作者。With/Inregardtothedisease,wecandonothing.关于这种疾病,我们无能为力。Heisregardedasagoodexampletousall.他被看作是我们所有人的好榜样。[自主发现]①__
______________把„„认为是②_______________________尊重/不尊重„„③________________关于„„,至于„„regard...ashavehigh/lowregardfor...in/withregardto34基础·自主学习核心·互
动探究[巩固内化]补全句子①Potterisveryselfish;he____________________anyoneelse.波特太自私了,他不尊重任何人。②Thenovel_____________________
____________________oneofthegreatestclassicworks.这部小说被认为是最伟大的古典作品之一。hasnoregardforisregardedas35基础·自主学习核心·互动探究9.char
actern.文字,符号;角色;品质;特点[合作探究]体会character的用法和意义IfItakecareofmycharacter,myreputationwilltakecareofitself.注意好品行,自有
美名声。Hiswordsareentirelyincharacterwithhisactions.他言行完全一致。Hardworkingconditionsbuild(up)character.艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的性格。
[自主发现]①________________适合;相称②outofcharacter不符合某人的性格;不适合,不相称③________________磨炼个性incharacterbuild(up)character36基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化]写出下列句中character的汉
语意思①Astohischaracter,heisusuallyeasy-going,butsometimesveryserious.____________②ItisverydifficultforforeignerstowriteChinesecharacters.
____________③Ifindallthecharactersinthefilmveryinteresting.____________品质文字角色37基础·自主学习核心·互动探究10.appr
eciatevt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会vi.增值appreciationn.欣赏;感激[合作探究]体会appreciate的用法和意义Manypeoplecan’tfullyappreciatetheimportanc
eofregularexercise.许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtosolvetheseproblems.如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议,我将不胜感激。Iappreciat
ebeinggiventhechancetoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.我感谢两年前你给我机会在你公司工作。38基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[自主发现]①appreciate(one’s)doingsth感激(
某人)做某事②_____________________要是„„我将不胜感激。[名师提醒]appreciate后接动名词而不可用不定式作宾语,且不能以“人”作宾语。Iwouldappreciateitif...3
9基础·自主学习核心·互动探究[巩固内化](1)单句语法填空①Iwouldappreciate____________ifyoucouldhelpmewithit.②HereIsincerelyexpressmy__
__________(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.(2)翻译句子③如果你能让我们了解真相,我们将十分感激。_____________________________________________
___________________________itappreciationWewouldappreciateitifyouletusknowthetruth.40本节内容结束