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第1页共11绝密★启用前2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干

净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.

5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshir

t?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasG

eorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepa

rk?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.

C.Inthecorner.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读

各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段第2页共11对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Do

sports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthewomanthi

nkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It’seasytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishit

allatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidPeterlearn

fromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Hestudied

atacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt’s.B.Botticelli’s.C.Rubens’.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13

.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.

B.August.C.October.15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.第3页共11B.Hewasofferedabett

erone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusan’sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.听第1

0段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimport

antforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Do

ingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceont

hetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHe

nryRaeburn(1756—1823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedp

ainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisw

orktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像画)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLec

tureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.ExhibitionTimesMonday—Saturday10.00—17.45SundayAnIntroductiontoRaeburnSunday26Oct.,15.00DUNCANTHOMSONRae

burn’sEnglishContemporariesThursday30Oct.,13.10JUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn’sPortraitsThursday6Nov.,13.10NICHO

LASPHILLIPSONRaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe18thCenturyThursday13Nov.,13.10MARTINPOSTLE第4页共1112.00—17.45Lasta

dmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24—26Decemberand1JanuaryAdmission£4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedby

anadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof£2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthose

atfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?A.Sun.26

Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.£4.B.£8.C.£12.D.

£16.23.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.

Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruf

fandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.

Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringw

asasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWe

stbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful

.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,had

littleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschool

housetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalso

onfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthr

oughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthest

oicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,looking

downfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybys

mallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”24.WhydidDorothyandRosamon

dgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegir

lsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysu

fferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.Thel

ivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstor

y.D.Adiaryentry.第5页共11CCanasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayopera

torssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemi

llionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexamin

ehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchas

thecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-time

performancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesa

vingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysal

onespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrast

ructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostar

tprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dron

esforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackahea

dofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthet

raincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrai

nswouldbeabletoreactintime.28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones’abilitytoworkathi

ghaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.29.Whatdoes“mainten

ance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructio

nofinfrastructure.30.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunaut

omatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthet

ext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD.H

owDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysDTheGovernment’ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinisterfirstpredicteditwouldg

enerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.第6页共11FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainin

gmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenan

dteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearf

ortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtog

enerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsuga

rlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofma

nufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitre

ofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,h

aveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholi

cdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentoff

icial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.He

lpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.32.Whywasthesugartaxintrod

uced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.33.Howdi

dsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutd

ownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.34.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollecte

d?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolic

y?A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短

文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distance第7页共11friendshi

ps.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithonea

nother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36.·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecomm

unicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternatives

toconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensit

ivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothe

factthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·39Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefrien

dships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simpl

ykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyo

ntechnologyalone40,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriend

ships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.Itis

alsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodso

fcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分4

5分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,t

here’ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout41someoneelse’sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenarer

emarkably42athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyes第8页共11withtheirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies43.Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmeth

odwas44asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology46thatidea.Webroughtyou

ngchildrenaged2—4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.Wethenaskedthechildifshecoul

d49orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.Thesame50happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:51childrensaidthattheycouldn’t52toh

er.Anumberof53ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects54theques

tionsandknew55whatwasaskedofthem.Their56tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue57that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Th

eysimply58mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our59suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,

childrenconsiderthismethod60whenothersuseit.41.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.directing42.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quic

k43.A.exposedB.examinedC.untouchedD.imbalanced44.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.interpreted45.A.disappo

intingB.mixedC.surprisingD.desired46.A.explainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested47.A.parentB.childC.research

erD.doctor48.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears49.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool50.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident51.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once52.A.spe

akB.listenC.turnD.wave53.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.experimentsD.assumptions54.A.comprehendedB.predic

tedC.exploredD.ignored55.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.exactly56.A.responsesB.approachesC.contributionD.sensitivity57.A.abilityB.beliefC

.identityD.purpose58.A.holdbackB.relatetoC.insistonD.makeup59.A.limitationsB.requirementsC.theoriesD.findings60.A.tentativeB.impressiveC.creati

veD.effective第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whi

chwasnamedofficially61theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate62festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBei

jingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceof

teaandthe64(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa65第9页共11(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthy

developmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaR

oadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteint

ernationalcooperation67culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedin

accordancewiththeinitiative.68(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,69(in

vite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseA

ncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening70(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpeci

alExhibitionofPu’erTea.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处

语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下

面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlyexercise.Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersa

ndcyclists.Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smoothmovementandexercise.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon’tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproduci

ngcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesinda

nger.Andthereweretrafficjams,too.Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.第二节书面表达(满分25分)学校英文报正在开展以Learning

EnglishBeyondtheClassroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.学习活动状况描述；2.简单评论；3.你的建议。第10页共11注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文的题目和首句

已为你写好。第11页共112022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）参考答案第一部分听力1.B2.C3.B4.A5.C6.A7.C8.A9.C10.A11.A12.C13.C14.B15.A16.B17.B18.C19.A20.B第二部分阅读理解

21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.D34.D35.B36.D37.E38.G39.A40.F第三部分语言知识运用第一节41.C42.B43.A44.D45.

C46.C47.B48.D49.A50.B51.B52.A53.C54.A55.D56.A57.B58.C59.D60.D第二节61.by62.the63.addressed64.largest65.responsibility66.shared67.and68.Tostrengthe

n69.inviting70.its第四部分写作第一节第一句：greatly→great第二句：lives→live第三句：because后加of第四句：Whether→When第五句：they→you;cause→causing第六句：去掉been第七句：what

→which第八句：were→are第九句：bicycle→bicycles