【文档说明】《Unit 8 Grammar Defining relative clauses & Relative pronouns》PPT课件3-九年级上册英语【牛津译林版】.ppt，共(39)页，2.181 MB，由小喜鸽上传

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9AUnit8DetectiveStoriesGrammarDefiningrelativeclauses(1)Step1:Sometipsforclass1.限制性定语从句是定语从句的一种,是初中英语语法的重

点,在语篇的阅读和理解中有着举足轻重的地位,本课将从定语,先行词,关系词等核心概念为你耐心讲解；2.关系代词that/which/who/whom在句中做什么成分？是否可以省略,本课将通过典型例题为你支招；3.仔细听,细观察,积极动脑,大胆练习,本堂课的你一定会有意想不到的收获！Step2

:RevisionIdon’tknowhowtodealwithit.主语谓语宾语主语subject----表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”,也就是动作的发出者。谓语predicate----说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“怎么样”,也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。宾语obj

ect----表示动作,行为的对象,也就是动作的接受者。Colorsinfluenceourmoods.主语谓语宾语Step3:LeadinPleaseguesstheChinesemeaningofthefollowingprove

rbs(谚语):1.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.3.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Tips:在平时的学习中请注

意积累相关的谚语或成语，不仅可以掌握相关的语法结构,还可以灵活地运用到写作当中,给文章增色Step4:LearndefiningrelativeclausesTask1:Learnsomeknowledg

eaboutthedefiningrelativeclauses1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词和关系词4.关系词的作用5.定语从句的结构1.什么是定语(attribute)？Ilikethecolours.Whichcolours?energeticanancientcountry

thecolourofwisdomthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingAtoBanythingunusualanyonewhosawanythingunusualthepersonwhohasi

nfluencedmemost定语---是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“……的”前置定语---单词或单个的分词做定语时通常放在它修饰的词之前做前置定语1.LiuHaoisthechiefengineer.2.WuWeiisaborn

artist.3.TanDunlovesthesoundsoftherushingwater.后置定语--介词短语,分词短语和定语从句通常放在它所修饰的词之后,作后置定语1.Peopleincoldareaspreferwarmcolors

intheirhomes.2.TheDiarywaswrittenbyagirlnamedAnneFrank.3.Hecareforthechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.4.Thebloodhehasdonat

edisenoughtosaveover70lives.Ipreferthepencil.whichone?Thepencilcostme10yuan.Iprefercostme10yuan.which/thatThepencilthepenc

il..2.什么是定语从句(attributiveclause)？定语从句---在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子定语从句---在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子1.Heneverforgetsthethingsheneedstodo.2.

Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosewholaughatyou.3.HegaveourTVtoafamilywhocouldnotaffordone.Tips:定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句,于是我们只要找到了被修饰的名词或代词，则修饰它的句子就是定

语从句。3.什么是先行词和关系代词？Mydadhasafriendwho/thatisgoodatEnglish.定语从句关系代词先行词Mydadhasafriend.HeisgoodatEnglish.3.先行词——是被

定语从句所修饰的词,通常是名词或代词。4.关系词——是引导定语从句的关联词，在从句中替代先行词关系词有关系代词和关系副词注意:从句必须紧跟在先行词后。4.关系代词(relativepronoun)的作用是什么呢

？a.引导定语从句；b.代替先行词（先行词的一个替代形式）；Hewrotemanybooks.Thebookssoldwell.---Hewrotemanybookswhich/thatsoldwell.c．在定语从句中担当一个成分----主语或宾语Id

on’tlikethemanthat/whoissmoking.Thisisthereply(that/which)I’vejustreceived.（主语）（宾语）5.定语从句的结构….先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/which/that/whom)+….(1).Hen

everforgetsthethingsthat/whichheneedstodo.(2).Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosethat/wholaughatyou.(3).Doyouknowtheteachersthat/who

aresittinginourclassroomnow?Task2:Howtomakeanattributiveclause?将两个句子合并成定语从句Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.I’mreadin

ganarticle2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.Sheisateacherthat/whoteachesusEnglish.3.Whereisthecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.Wher

eisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?1.找先行词2.换关系词3.抄其余部分that/whichisaboutTom.Task3:Howtouserelativepronou

nscorrectly?如何正确使用关系代词that/which/who/whom？which代替事物，在从句中充当主语和宾语1.Ican’tfindtheletter.Thelettercamethismorning.2.Pleasegivemethebook.Thebookis

abouttravel.3.Thisisthebag.Mymotherboughtitlastweek.4.Thehouseismadeofwood.Jackbuiltthehouse.Thisisthebagwhich

mymotherboughtlastweek.Ican’tfindtheletterwhichcamethismorning.Pleasegivemethebookwhichisabouttravel.ThehousewhichJackbuiltismadeofwood.关系代词在从句中作宾语时

,可以省略,做主语时,不能省略。//thatthatthatthat/thatthat代替人，在从句中充当主语和宾语。1.TheboyiscalledTom.Theboybrokethewindow.Theboythatbrokethewin

dowiscalledTom.2.Mr.Liistheperson.Youtalkedwiththepersononthebus.Mr.Liuisthepersonthatyoutalkedwithonthebus.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。/

who代替人.在从句中可充当主语。Doyouknowthegirl?whichgirl?1.Thegirlisrunningonthegrass.2.Thegirllikessingingverymuch.1.Doyouknowisrunningonthegrass.

2.Doyouknowlikessingingverymuch.whowhothegirlThegirlthegirlThegirl??who/whom代替人,在从句中充当宾语。1.Heistheman.Itoldyo

uabouthim.HeisthemanItoldyouabout.2.Themanisateacher.Isawthemanjustnow.Themanisateacher.whoIsawjustnowwhomthemanwhowhomhim.指人指物

主语宾语thatwhichwhowhomSummary关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××Howtouse‘Relativepronouns’correctly?何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略小结：that－既可指人,也可指物,作主语，不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。which－指物,作主

语,不能省略；作宾语,可以省略.who－指人,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略（常用whom）Task4FurtherexplanationforthedefiningrelativeclausesA当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。1.Th

osewho(be)againsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Themanwho__________(live)nexttoussellsvegetables.3.Tomisone

ofthestudentswho(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.areliveswere4.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterda

y.wasB关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略,作主语则不可。1.Didyoureadthebook________Ilendtoyou?A.whoseB./C.whoD.what2.Didyoureadthebook_____

__waspopularatthemoment.A.thatB./C.whoD.whatBAC关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初中最常见的有四种情况ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverreadThefir

stthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.2.先行词同时包括人或物时1.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时C关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初

中最常见的有四种情况Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.Wedon’thavemuchthatwecanoffer.4.先行词是all,much,something,everything,anything,nothi

ng,none,theone等代词时3.先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时D.关系代词前有介词时,只能用which不可用thatThisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay

.=Thisisthehotel(which/that)youwillstayin.E.who可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词,如果带有介词则必须用宾格whom,即:介词+whomSheisthegirlwithwhomIwenttothelibrary

.Task5:DoexercisesExercise1:1.Thewoman_____isinredishismother.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which2.Wesawafilm______wasaboutanoldstory.A.

whenB.whoC.thatD.where3.Ionlyeatfood______ishealthy.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.whose4.Ilikesingers______differentkindsofmusic.A.whoplaysB.whoplayC.

whocanplaysD.whomplays5.—Canyouintroducethetowntome?—OK.Thisisthetownin_____Iwasborn.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.w

hat6.Youarethecleverestone______Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.where7.Doyouknowanything_____hassomethingtodowiththecrime?A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.

which8.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hevisited.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whereTheboy__________isstandingunderthetreeismyfriendTo

m.Helivesinahouse___________standsonahill.Thatlittlegirl________________TomoftenhelpsishissisterMary.

Thebird_________issinginginthecageisTom’stoo.Bobishisdog__________TomandMaryoftenplaywith.Thedogisgreat.Yesterdayhecaughtathief___________run

ningaway.Exercise2:用who/whom/which/that填空who/thatwhich/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/thatExercise3:合并为定语从句1.Thi

sisadream.Thisdreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamthat/whichwillnevercometrue.2.Thedoghasbeenfound.Th

edogwaslost.Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.3.Heisagoodstudent.Teachersareproudofhim.Heisagoodstud

entthat/who/whomteachersareproudof.Exercise4Tryyourbesttofindthedefiningattributiveclausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedt

histerm.老师寄语：1.Nothingistoodifficulttothemanwho’lltry.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后谁最美！Step5:Homework1.Reviewwhatwehavelearnedaboutt

heattributiveclauses2.Writedowntheattributiveclausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedthisterm3.FinishtheexercisesinBRelativepronounsonP113,114toc

onsolidatetheusageofthegrammaticalrules