【文档说明】《Unit 8 Grammar Defining relative clauses & Relative pronouns》PPT课件3-九年级上册英语【牛津译林版】.ppt，共(39)页，2.181 MB，由小喜鸽上传

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9AUnit8DetectiveStoriesGrammarDefiningrelativeclauses(1)Step1:Sometipsforclass1.限制性定语从句是定语从句的一种,是初中英语语法的重点,在语篇的阅读和理解中有着举足轻重的地位,本课将从定语,先

行词,关系词等核心概念为你耐心讲解；2.关系代词that/which/who/whom在句中做什么成分？是否可以省略,本课将通过典型例题为你支招；3.仔细听,细观察,积极动脑,大胆练习,本堂课的你一定会有意想不到的收获！Step2:RevisionIdon’tk

nowhowtodealwithit.主语谓语宾语主语subject----表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”,也就是动作的发出者。谓语predicate----说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“

怎么样”,也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。宾语object----表示动作,行为的对象,也就是动作的接受者。Colorsinfluenceourmoods.主语谓语宾语Step3:LeadinPleaseguesstheChinesemeaningofthefollowingproverb

s(谚语):1.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.3.Hewholaughslastlaughsbe

st.Tips:在平时的学习中请注意积累相关的谚语或成语，不仅可以掌握相关的语法结构,还可以灵活地运用到写作当中,给文章增色Step4:LearndefiningrelativeclausesTask1:Learnsomeknowledgeaboutth

edefiningrelativeclauses1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词和关系词4.关系词的作用5.定语从句的结构1.什么是定语(attribute)？Ilikethecolours.Whichcolours?energeticanancientcountrythecolourofwisd

omthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingAtoBanythingunusualanyonewhosawanythingunusualthepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost定语---

是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“……的”前置定语---单词或单个的分词做定语时通常放在它修饰的词之前做前置定语1.LiuHaoisthechiefengineer.2.WuWeiisabornartist.3

.TanDunlovesthesoundsoftherushingwater.后置定语--介词短语,分词短语和定语从句通常放在它所修饰的词之后,作后置定语1.Peopleincoldareaspreferwarmcolorsintheirhomes.2.TheDiarywaswrittenby

agirlnamedAnneFrank.3.Hecareforthechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.4.Thebloodhehasdonatedisenoughtosaveover70lives.Ipre

ferthepencil.whichone?Thepencilcostme10yuan.Iprefercostme10yuan.which/thatThepencilthepencil..2.什么是定语从句(attributiveclause)？定语从句--

-在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子定语从句---在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子1.Heneverforgetsthethingsheneedstodo.2.Youshouldpaynoattentiontoth

osewholaughatyou.3.HegaveourTVtoafamilywhocouldnotaffordone.Tips:定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句,于是我们只要找到了被修饰的名词或代词，则修饰它的句子就是定语从句。3.

什么是先行词和关系代词？Mydadhasafriendwho/thatisgoodatEnglish.定语从句关系代词先行词Mydadhasafriend.HeisgoodatEnglish.3.先行词——是被定语从句所修饰的词,通常是名词或代

词。4.关系词——是引导定语从句的关联词，在从句中替代先行词关系词有关系代词和关系副词注意:从句必须紧跟在先行词后。4.关系代词(relativepronoun)的作用是什么呢？a.引导定语从句；b.代替先行词（先行词的一个替代形式）；Hewrotemanybooks.Thebook

ssoldwell.---Hewrotemanybookswhich/thatsoldwell.c．在定语从句中担当一个成分----主语或宾语Idon’tlikethemanthat/whoissmoking.Thisisthereply(that/which)I’vejustr

eceived.（主语）（宾语）5.定语从句的结构….先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/which/that/whom)+….(1).Heneverforgetsthethingsthat/whichheneedstodo.(2).Youshoul

dpaynoattentiontothosethat/wholaughatyou.(3).Doyouknowtheteachersthat/whoaresittinginourclassroomnow?Task2:Howtomakeanattributiveclause?将两个句子合并成定语从句M

atchthetwosentences1.I’mreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.I’mreadinganarticle2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.Sheisateachert

hat/whoteachesusEnglish.3.Whereisthecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.Whereisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?1

.找先行词2.换关系词3.抄其余部分that/whichisaboutTom.Task3:Howtouserelativepronounscorrectly?如何正确使用关系代词that/which/who/whom？which代替事物，在从句中充当主语和

宾语1.Ican’tfindtheletter.Thelettercamethismorning.2.Pleasegivemethebook.Thebookisabouttravel.3.Thisisthebag.Mymotherboughtitlas

tweek.4.Thehouseismadeofwood.Jackbuiltthehouse.Thisisthebagwhichmymotherboughtlastweek.Ican’tfindtheletterwhichcamethismorning

.Pleasegivemethebookwhichisabouttravel.ThehousewhichJackbuiltismadeofwood.关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略,做主语时,不能省略。//thatthatthatthat/thatthat代替人，在从句中充当主语和宾

语。1.TheboyiscalledTom.Theboybrokethewindow.TheboythatbrokethewindowiscalledTom.2.Mr.Liistheperson.Youtalkedwiththepersononthebus.Mr.Liuistheperson

thatyoutalkedwithonthebus.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。/who代替人.在从句中可充当主语。Doyouknowthegirl?whichgirl?1.Thegirlisrunningonthegrass.2.Thegirllikessingingverymuch

.1.Doyouknowisrunningonthegrass.2.Doyouknowlikessingingverymuch.whowhothegirlThegirlthegirlThegirl??who/whom代替人,在从句中充当宾语。1.Heistheman.Itoldyo

uabouthim.HeisthemanItoldyouabout.2.Themanisateacher.Isawthemanjustnow.Themanisateacher.whoIsawjustnowwhomthem

anwhowhomhim.指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhomSummary关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××Howtouse‘Relativepronouns’correctly?何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略小结：that－既可指人,也可指物,作主

语，不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。which－指物,作主语,不能省略；作宾语,可以省略.who－指人,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略（常用whom）Task4Furtherexplanationforthedefiningr

elativeclausesA当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。1.Thosewho(be)againsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Themanwho__________(live)nexttoussellsvege

tables.3.Tomisoneofthestudentswho(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.areliveswere4.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho

_______(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.wasB关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略,作主语则不可。1.Didyoureadthebook________Ilendtoyou?A.whoseB./C.whoD.what

2.Didyoureadthebook_______waspopularatthemoment.A.thatB./C.whoD.whatBAC关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初中最常见的有四种情况Thatisthemostinterestingb

ookthatIhaveeverreadThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.2.先行词同时包括人或物时1.当先行词被形容词

最高级或序数词修饰时C关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初中最常见的有四种情况Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.Wedon’thavemu

chthatwecanoffer.4.先行词是all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时3.先行词前面有only,any,few,l

ittle,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时D.关系代词前有介词时,只能用which不可用thatThisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.=Thisisthehotel(which/that)youw

illstayin.E.who可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词,如果带有介词则必须用宾格whom,即:介词+whomSheisthegirlwithwhomIwenttothelibrary.Task5:DoexercisesExercise1:1.Thewo

man_____isinredishismother.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which2.Wesawafilm______wasaboutanoldstory.A.whenB.whoC.thatD.where3.Ionlyeatfood______ishe

althy.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.whose4.Ilikesingers______differentkindsofmusic.A.whoplaysB.whoplayC.whocanplaysD.whom

plays5.—Canyouintroducethetowntome?—OK.Thisisthetownin_____Iwasborn.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.what6.Youarethecleverestone___

___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.where7.Doyouknowanything_____hassomethingtodowiththecrime?A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.

which8.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hevisited.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whereTheboy__________isstandingunderthetr

eeismyfriendTom.Helivesinahouse___________standsonahill.Thatlittlegirl________________TomoftenhelpsishissisterMary.Thebird____

_____issinginginthecageisTom’stoo.Bobishisdog__________TomandMaryoftenplaywith.Thedogisgreat.Yesterdayhecaughtath

ief___________runningaway.Exercise2:用who/whom/which/that填空who/thatwhich/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/thatExercise3

:合并为定语从句1.Thisisadream.Thisdreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamthat/whichwillnevercometrue.2.Thedoghasb

eenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.3.Heisagoodstudent.Teachersareproudofhim.Heisagoodstudentthat/

who/whomteachersareproudof.Exercise4Tryyourbesttofindthedefiningattributiveclausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedthisterm.老师寄语：1.Nothingistoodifficultto

themanwho’lltry.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后谁最美！Step5:Homework1.Reviewwhatwehavelearned

abouttheattributiveclauses2.Writedowntheattributiveclausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedthisterm3.Finishtheex

ercisesinBRelativepronounsonP113,114toconsolidatetheusageofthegrammaticalrules