【文档说明】《Unit 8 Grammar Defining relative clauses & Relative pronouns》PPT课件3-九年级上册英语【牛津译林版】.ppt，共(39)页，2.181 MB，由小喜鸽上传

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9AUnit8DetectiveStoriesGrammarDefiningrelativeclauses(1)Step1:Sometipsforclass1.限制性定语从句是定语从句的一种,是初中英语语法的重点,在语篇的阅读和理解中有着举足轻重的地位,本

课将从定语,先行词,关系词等核心概念为你耐心讲解；2.关系代词that/which/who/whom在句中做什么成分？是否可以省略,本课将通过典型例题为你支招；3.仔细听,细观察,积极动脑,大胆练习,本堂课的你一定会有意想不到的收获！Step2:Rev

isionIdon’tknowhowtodealwithit.主语谓语宾语主语subject----表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”,也就是动作的发出者。谓语predicate----说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“怎么样”,也就是做

了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。宾语object----表示动作,行为的对象,也就是动作的接受者。Colorsinfluenceourmoods.主语谓语宾语Step3:LeadinPleaseguesstheChinesemeaningofthefollowingproverbs(谚语):1.He

whodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.3.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Tips:在平时的学习中请注意积累相关的谚

语或成语，不仅可以掌握相关的语法结构,还可以灵活地运用到写作当中,给文章增色Step4:LearndefiningrelativeclausesTask1:Learnsomeknowledgeaboutthedefiningrelativeclause

s1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词和关系词4.关系词的作用5.定语从句的结构1.什么是定语(attribute)？Ilikethecolours.Whichcolours?energeticanancientcountr

ythecolourofwisdomthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingAtoBanythingunusualanyonewhosawanythingunusualthepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost定语---是对名词或代

词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“……的”前置定语---单词或单个的分词做定语时通常放在它修饰的词之前做前置定语1.LiuHaoisthechiefengineer.2.WuWeiisabor

nartist.3.TanDunlovesthesoundsoftherushingwater.后置定语--介词短语,分词短语和定语从句通常放在它所修饰的词之后,作后置定语1.Peopleincoldareaspref

erwarmcolorsintheirhomes.2.TheDiarywaswrittenbyagirlnamedAnneFrank.3.Hecareforthechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.4.Thebloodhehasdonatedisenoughtosave

over70lives.Ipreferthepencil.whichone?Thepencilcostme10yuan.Iprefercostme10yuan.which/thatThepencilthepencil

..2.什么是定语从句(attributiveclause)？定语从句---在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子定语从句---在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子1.Heneverforgetsthethingsheneedst

odo.2.Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosewholaughatyou.3.HegaveourTVtoafamilywhocouldnotaffordone.Tips:定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句

,于是我们只要找到了被修饰的名词或代词，则修饰它的句子就是定语从句。3.什么是先行词和关系代词？Mydadhasafriendwho/thatisgoodatEnglish.定语从句关系代词先行词Mydadhasafriend.HeisgoodatEnglish.3.先行词——是被定语从句所修饰

的词,通常是名词或代词。4.关系词——是引导定语从句的关联词，在从句中替代先行词关系词有关系代词和关系副词注意:从句必须紧跟在先行词后。4.关系代词(relativepronoun)的作用是什么呢？a.引导定语从句；b.代替先

行词（先行词的一个替代形式）；Hewrotemanybooks.Thebookssoldwell.---Hewrotemanybookswhich/thatsoldwell.c．在定语从句中担当一个成分----主语或宾语Idon

’tlikethemanthat/whoissmoking.Thisisthereply(that/which)I’vejustreceived.（主语）（宾语）5.定语从句的结构….先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/which/that/whom)+….(1).Heneve

rforgetsthethingsthat/whichheneedstodo.(2).Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosethat/wholaughatyou.(3).Doyouknowtheteachersthat/whoaresittinginourclassroom

now?Task2:Howtomakeanattributiveclause?将两个句子合并成定语从句Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.I’mrea

dinganarticle2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.Sheisateacherthat/whoteachesusEnglish.3.Whereisth

ecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.Whereisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?1.找先行词2.换关系词3.抄其余部分that/whichisaboutTom.Task3:Howtouserelativepronounscorr

ectly?如何正确使用关系代词that/which/who/whom？which代替事物，在从句中充当主语和宾语1.Ican’tfindtheletter.Thelettercamethismorn

ing.2.Pleasegivemethebook.Thebookisabouttravel.3.Thisisthebag.Mymotherboughtitlastweek.4.Thehouseismadeofwoo

d.Jackbuiltthehouse.Thisisthebagwhichmymotherboughtlastweek.Ican’tfindtheletterwhichcamethismorning.Pleasegivemethebookwhichisabouttravel

.ThehousewhichJackbuiltismadeofwood.关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略,做主语时,不能省略。//thatthatthatthat/thatthat代替人，在从句中充当主语和宾语。1.TheboyiscalledTom.Thebo

ybrokethewindow.TheboythatbrokethewindowiscalledTom.2.Mr.Liistheperson.Youtalkedwiththepersononthebus.Mr.Liuisthepersonthatyoutalkedwith

onthebus.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。/who代替人.在从句中可充当主语。Doyouknowthegirl?whichgirl?1.Thegirlisrunningonthegrass.2.Thegirllikessingingvery

much.1.Doyouknowisrunningonthegrass.2.Doyouknowlikessingingverymuch.whowhothegirlThegirlthegirlThegirl??who/whom代替人,在从句中

充当宾语。1.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.HeisthemanItoldyouabout.2.Themanisateacher.Isawthemanjustnow.Themanisateacher.who

Isawjustnowwhomthemanwhowhomhim.指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhomSummary关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××Howtouse‘Relativepronou

ns’correctly?何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略小结：that－既可指人,也可指物,作主语，不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。which－指物,作主语,不能省略；作宾语,可以省略.who－指人,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略（常用whom）Tas

k4FurtherexplanationforthedefiningrelativeclausesA当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。1.Thosewho(be)agai

nsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Themanwho__________(live)nexttoussellsvegetables.3.Tomisoneofthestudentswho(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.

areliveswere4.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______(be)praisedbytheteacheryesterday.wasB关系代词在定语从句中作宾

语时可省略,作主语则不可。1.Didyoureadthebook________Ilendtoyou?A.whoseB./C.whoD.what2.Didyoureadthebook_______waspopularatthemoment.

A.thatB./C.whoD.whatBAC关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初中最常见的有四种情况ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverreadThefirstthingthatIshou

lddoistoreviewmylessons.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.2.先行词同时包括人或物时1.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时C关系代词有时只能用that,不可用which,初中最常见的有四种情况The

onlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.Wedon’thavemuchthatwecanoffer.4.先行词是all,much,something,everything,

anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时3.先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时D.关系代词前有介词时,只能用which不可用thatThisisthehotelinw

hichyouwillstay.=Thisisthehotel(which/that)youwillstayin.E.who可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词,如果带有介词则必须用宾格whom,即:介词+whomSheisthegirlwithwhomIw

enttothelibrary.Task5:DoexercisesExercise1:1.Thewoman_____isinredishismother.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which2.Wesawafilm______wasaboutanol

dstory.A.whenB.whoC.thatD.where3.Ionlyeatfood______ishealthy.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.whose4.Ilikesingers______differentkindsofmusic.A.

whoplaysB.whoplayC.whocanplaysD.whomplays5.—Canyouintroducethetowntome?—OK.Thisisthetownin_____Iwasborn.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.what

6.Youarethecleverestone______Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.where7.Doyouknowanything_____hassomethingtodowiththecrim

e?A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which8.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hevisited.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whereTheboy__________isstandingundert

hetreeismyfriendTom.Helivesinahouse___________standsonahill.Thatlittlegirl________________TomoftenhelpsishissisterMary

.Thebird_________issinginginthecageisTom’stoo.Bobishisdog__________TomandMaryoftenplaywith.Thedogisgreat.Yesterdayhecaughta

thief___________runningaway.Exercise2:用who/whom/which/that填空who/thatwhich/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/thatExercise3:合并为定语从句1.Thisisa

dream.Thisdreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamthat/whichwillnevercometrue.2.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.3.Hei

sagoodstudent.Teachersareproudofhim.Heisagoodstudentthat/who/whomteachersareproudof.Exercise4Tryyourbesttofindthedefiningattributivecl

ausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedthisterm.老师寄语：1.Nothingistoodifficulttothemanwho’lltry.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后谁最美！Step

5:Homework1.Reviewwhatwehavelearnedabouttheattributiveclauses2.Writedowntheattributiveclausesinthetextwhichwehavelearnedthisterm3.Finishth

eexercisesinBRelativepronounsonP113,114toconsolidatetheusageofthegrammaticalrules