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Unit3Scienceandnature能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解Manyyearsago,peoplereliedonthesun,themoonandstarstofindtheirwayaround.

Later,thecompasswasintroduced.Andnow,wehavesatnav(卫星导航)systemstoguideus.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestoshowtheuser

’slocation.Theysendinformationtoareceiver,suchasasmartphone,toshowuswhereweare.TheearliestbuiltsatnavsystemistheGlobalPositioningSystem

,whichbelongstotheUS.ThenthereisRussia’sGlobalNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem,theEuropeanUnion’sGalileoandChina’sownsatell

itenavigationsystem,BeiDou.OnOctober14,2017,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically-producedjetequippedwiththeBeiDouna

vigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.TheresultsshowedtheperformanceofthesystemdevelopedbyChinamatchesthatofsimilarsystem

sproducedabroad,accordingtotheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina.Sinceitsintroductionin2000,theBeiDounavigationsystemhasseenincreasing

numbersofapplicationslinkedtoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.Whenitcomestosharedbikes,smartlocksthatsupportBeiDouchips

offermoreaccuratepositioningthanothers,makingiteasiertofindabike.FarmerscanuseBeiDou-enabledtractorstoplow(犁)thesoilanduseunmannedaircraftswithBeiDou

tosowseeds,whichcanimproveefficiencyandmakebetteruseofresources.BeiDou’sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangPr

ovincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.Withitsmanyuses,theBeiDounavigationsystemisevenplayingabigroleinthe

BeltandRoad(“一带一路”)construction.“Todate,theBeiDousystemhascoveredmostpartsoftheAsia-Pacificregion,aswellascountriesalongtheS

ilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.To

day,therearemorethan20BeiDousatellitesaboveourheads,andChinaplanstolaunchevenmorethisyeartoexpandtheBeiDounetworktobetterservetheBeltand

RoadInitiative.“AsBeiDouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics(物流)industry,”saidMiaoQianjun,secretary-general

ofthenavigationservicesassociation.“Ships,forexample,canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries,nolongerlimitedtoSouthe

astAsianregionsinthenearfuture.”1.WhatcanweknowabouttheBeiDounavigationsystemaccordingtothearticle?A.Itwasusedsuccessfullyinanewjetplane.

B.Itismorepowerfulthanothersatnavsystems.C.ItwasintroducedtoChinaonOctober14,2017.D.Itwasn’tusedinoureverydayli

feuntilrecently.2.Accordingtothearticle,theBeiDounavigationsystemisalreadywidelyusedfor.A.plowingthesoilandsowingseedsB.improvingtheefficiencyof

networksC.producingmoresmartlocksforsharedbikesD.navigatingshipsacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries3.WhatisMiaoQianjun’sattitudetowardthefutureoftheBei

Dousystem?A.Worried.B.Casual.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.语篇解读:本文是说明文,介绍了中国的北斗卫星导航系统在生活中的运用。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知,装有北斗卫星导航系统的

喷气式飞机成功试飞。2.A细节理解题。根据第六段中的Farmerscanuse...tosowseeds和BeiDou’sfarmingapplications...andotherregionsacrossChina.可知,北斗卫星导航系统已广泛用于

耕地播种。3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话可知,北斗卫星导航系统将会在物流业中越来越受欢迎,故推知他的态度是乐观积极的。Ⅱ.七选五Mymotherisadiligentandkindwoman.Sheisverybusyfrommorningtillnight.

Asateacher,sheworkshard.1.BothmybrotherandIloveherdearlyasshelovesus.Mymotherhasbeenteachingmathatamiddleschoolinmyhometown.Shegoestoworkearlyi

nthemorninganddoesnotreturnhomeuntillateintheafternoon.2.Shetreatsthemwithpatienceandteachesthemwell.Forherexcellentqualityandveryg

oodteachingresults,shehasbeenelectedasamodelteacherseveraltimes.3.Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork

,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder.Shes

eemstobebusyallthetime.Asshehasbeenverybusyworkingeveryday,shelooksolderthanherage.Butshelooksascheerfulandhappya

sever.Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.4.Sheju

steatsaplainmealoutsidewhensheistoobusytocookherself.Shelivesabusyyetsimplelife,withoutanycomplaints.Oftenshesaystous,“workwhi

leyouwork,andplaywhileyouplay.Thatisthewaytobehappyandgay.Ifyoudonotwork,youwillbecomelazyandbeofnousetosociety”.Whatapieceofgoodadv

icethisis!5.Thisadviceofherswillalwaysserveasaguidetomybehavior.Mymotherisgreatindeed,andIalwaysfeelproudofher.A.She

enjoyslisteningtoclassicmusic.B.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.C.Shelovesherstudentsandcares

forthem.D.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.E.Mymotherishard-workingandneverwastesmoney.F.Ineverf

orgetitandalwaysbearitinmymind.G.Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourmother?答案:1-5BCEDFⅢ.完形填空AHeroicDriverLarryworkswithTran

sportDrivers,Inc.Onemorningin2009,Larrywas1along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis2.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.3hegotcloser,he

found4vehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed5shootingoutfromunderthe6vehicle.Larrypulledover,setthebrakeand7thefireextinguisher(灭火器).Twog

oodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasputout.Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson8andtoldLarryhehad9anemergencycall.They10heardawoman’svoice

comingfromthewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.11thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay12untilth

eemergencypersonnelarrived,13shethoughtthecarwasgoingto14.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmove15shein

juredherneck.Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived,Larryandtheotherman16andletthemgotowork.Then,Larryaskedthe17ifhewasneede

dor18togo.Theylethimandtheothermango.Onethingis19—Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsoclosetotheburningvehicle!His20mostlikelysaved

thewoman’slife.1.A.walkingB.touringC.travelingD.rushing2.A.passengersB.colleaguesC.employersD.customers3.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.As

D.If4.A.eachB.anotherC.thatD.his5.A.flamesB.smokeC.waterD.steam6.A.usedB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned7.A.gotholdofB

.preparedC.tookchargeofD.controlled8.A.camedownB.camethroughC.cameinD.cameover9.A.returnedB.receivedC.madeD.confirmed10.A.then

B.againC.finallyD.even11.A.StartingB.ParkingC.PassingD.Approaching12.A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm13.A.forB.soC.andD.but14.A.explodeB.slipawa

yC.fallapartD.crash15.A.asifB.unlessC.incaseD.after16.A.steppedforwardB.backedoffC.movedonD.setout17.A.womanB.policeC.man

D.driver18.A.forbiddenB.readyC.askedD.free19.A.forcertainB.forconsiderationC.reportedD.checked20.A.patienceB.skillsC.effortsD.promise语篇解读:本文是记叙文

,主要讲述了送货司机Larry在路上帮助出事故的车灭火并救人的英勇事迹。答案及剖析:1.C根据上文“LarryworkswithTransportDrivers,Inc.”及下文“Larrypulledover”可知,当时,Larry在开着车沿公路行

驶,应用traveling。2.D根据第一句及delivering可知,他把货送到他的一个顾客(customers)那里。3.C与上文内容承接,此处表示他开着车,离得更近了些。当„„时候,符合语境,因此用as。

since自从;although尽管;if如果。4.B上一句讲到他突然看见了一辆开着灯的车,此句表示“当他靠得更近一些时,他发现了另一辆车”,因此用another。5.A根据下文thefirewasputout可知汽车着火了。6.B与第二段中的“thewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle”

对应,此处也表示“毁坏的”,因此用disabled。used用过的,二手的;removed去除的;abandoned被遗弃的。7.Apulledover,setthebrake和题空处是三个并列的动作,根据下文thefir

ewasputout可知,他拿起(gotholdof)灭火器灭火。8.D根据下文toldLarry可知,那个开着车灯的人走过来(cameover)。comedown崩塌,降低;comethrough康复,(消息等)传来;comein走进来,上涨。9.C与

call搭配用动词make,makeanemergencycall意为“打急救电话”。10.A他们在谈着话,这时(then)听到车内有一位妇女的声音。11.D听到有人的声音,他们走近(approaching)汽车。12.B根据下文untiltheemergencypersonnelarrive

d可知,他们告诉她在急救人员到达之前不要动。still静止不动的,符合语境。quiet安静的,不出声的;away离开;calm镇静的。13.D前后两个分句之间表示转折关系,因此用but。14.A根据下文Larrytoldhe

rthathehadalreadyputoutthefire可知,她以为汽车要爆炸了(explode)。slipaway消失;fallapart破裂;crash碰撞。15.CLarry告诉她不要动,以防(incase)脖子受伤。16.B根据下文letth

emgotowork可知,他们后退(backedoff),让消防员和急救人员工作。stepforward走向前;moveon前进;setout出发。17.B根据下文Theylethimandtheothermango可知,此处与T

hey一致,因此只能选B项。18.D根据下文“警察让他们离开”可知,应用free。befreetodosth.表示“自由地做某事”。19.A破折号后的内容作Onething的同位语。句意:有一件事是确定的(forcertain),Lar

ry如此近距离地靠近燃烧的汽车,这远远超越了使命的召唤。20.C他的努力(efforts)最大可能地挽救了那位妇女的生命。patience耐心;skill技能,技巧;promise许诺,诺言。