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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018四川德阳三诊)Givenachoice,Chineseuniversitygraduatesprefertofindemploymentratherthanstartacompany.I

nthepast12months,morethan20provinceshaveintroducedmanypoliciestoencouragestudentstostarttheirowncompanies,suchasallowingthemtoquitstudyingbutkeep

theirstudentstatusfortwotoeightyears.ButareportbyhumanresourceswebsiteZhaopinreleasedrecentlystillfoundthato

nly3.1percentofstudentssaidtheywillstarttheirownbusiness,downfrom6.3percentin2015.“TheChinesegovernment,universi

tiesandinvestorshaveprovidedafriendlyenvironmentforyoungstartups.However,thefailurerateoffreshgraduatesfoundingstartups

isstilltoohighduetothelackofexperience,resourcesandnetworking,”saidWangYixin,aseniorconsultantatZhaopin.“Inaddition,universitieshavepaidaloto

fattentiontoinnovationandcreativethinkinginsteadofstartingupcompanies.Thisisanotherreasonforthelowdesire

oncampustofoundstartups.”Atthesametime,collegegraduates’interestinfurthereducationhasalsodeclined,leadin

gtoanincreaseinstudentswantingemploymentfrom71.2percentlastyearto75.6percentthisyear.Nearly30percentofthosegraduatesacceptedoffe

rsfromtheinternetindustry.ThoughsomegeniusesintheInternetindustrycreatedmiracles,manyindustryinsidershold

theideathatbeforeonestartsup,onehastoknowhowtoproduceproducts,howtosellthem,howtomanageacompany.Thoselessonsyoucannotexpectafreshgraduatetoknowsothes

tudentsshouldworkafewyearsfirst.Theyalsoinsistthatstudentscompletetheirstudiesfirstbecauseadiplomastillma

ttersinChina.1.Thegovernmentaretryingtoencouragestudentsto.A.findemploymentaftergraduationB.continuet

heirstudyatschoolC.setuptheirownbusinessesD.leaveschoolwithoutadiploma2.The2ndand3rdparagraphsfocuson.A.whatcontributestot

hesuccessofstartingabusinessB.whytherearemorestudentschoosingtofindemploymentC.howstudents’interestinfurthere

ducationshapestheircareerperspectivesD.whoareworkingtogethertocreateagoodenvironmentforyoungstartups3.Whatistheindustryinsiders’suggestiontot

heuniversitystudents?A.ImmediatelystarttheirowncompaniesaftergraduationB.Starttheirowncompanieswhileatscho

olC.QuitstudytostarttheirowncompaniesD.Finishstudiesandworkafewyearsfirst语篇解读:本文是议论文,虽然中国政府鼓励大学生自主创业,但事实上,大部分毕业生选择

进了公司,原因在于缺乏经验、资源等。业内人士认为,大学生应先工作几年再创业。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中Inthepast12months,morethan20provinceshaveintroducedmanypoliciestoencouragestudentstosta

rttheirowncompanies,suchasallowingthemtoquitstudyingbutkeeptheirstudentstatusfortwotoeightyears.可知,政府鼓励学生创业

。2.B主旨大意题。根据第二段中However,thefailurerateoffreshgraduatesfoundingstartups...startingupcompanies.以及第三段第一句可知,二、三

段主要讲大学生为什么选择找工作,而不去创业。故选B项。3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,行业内部人士认为,大学生应该先完成学业,参加工作,积累了一定的经验之后再去创业。BGrandparentsAnsweraCallA

sathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniot

ohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.

Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities

.NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrandchildren.Yettherei

sevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoa

ndmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudybygrandparents.com,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecis

ionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.“I

nthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amag

azineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’reraisingchildren.”Movingisnotforeveryone.

Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequen

tlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.4.WhywasG

arza’smoveasuccess?A.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B.Itimprovedherlivingconditions.C.Itenabledhertomake

morefriends.D.Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.5.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?A.17%expressedtheir

supportforit.B.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C.83%believedithadabadinfluence.D.Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.6.WhatdidCr

osbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?A.Theywereunsureofthemselves.B.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.C.Theywantedtolivea

wayfromtheirparents.D.Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdoint

helastparagraph?A.Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.C.Sacrifi

cefortheirstrugglingchildren.D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.语篇解读:本文介绍了一个社会现象。在美国,很多老人选择搬家,和子女生活在一起,这已成为一种趋势。同时也建议老人要做出适合自己的选择。答案及剖析:4.A细节理解题。根据第一

段最后一句中的“Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationship...”可知,Garza搬去和子女同住后,他们的关系更亲密了,这与A项“这加强了她的家庭关系”相吻合。5.D推理判断题。根据第

二段最后两句“Accordingtoastudybygrandparents.com,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two

-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.”可知,Mrs.Robinson会影响很多人,也就是说,搬家与子女一起生活是一种趋势。故选D项。6.C推理判断题

。根据第三段第一句中的“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown”可以推断出,二十世纪六十年

代的人们希望离家远一些,以证明自己能独立。故选C项。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,搬家并不一定适合每一位老人,作者建议老人要根据自己的情况作出决定。故选A项。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018安徽蚌埠三模)InternationalVo

lunteerDayisaglobalcelebrationofvolunteers.IttakesplaceeveryyearonDecember51.(shine)alightontheeffectofvolunteereffortseverywhere.Man

ynationsandgovernmentshold2.(variety)activitiesinthisday.Volunteersareones3.makeuseoftheirownparttimeandparticipate4.s

ocialservicefornocharge.Theycontributealotinthe5.(aspect)ofrebuildinghome,developingeconomywithpromotingsocialcivilizationprogressingetc.TheDay6

.(encouragement)volunteers’deedstodevelopatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.TheDayisthetimewidely7.(accept)bypeopletofightpoverty,h

unger,disease,environmentalproblemsanddiscriminationagainstwomen.Theculturalformandexplanationofavolunteermaychange

dependingoncircumstances,8.thebasicprincipleneverchanges:everyindividualcanmakeadifferenceinsociety.Beyond

9.(help)topromotethegreatergood,volunteersenrichtheirownlives.Asonevolunteeronceputit,“IfeelasthoughIamabletohelpintheworldandusem

yskills.Itallowsmeto10.(real)feelasthoughIampartoftheworldcommunity.”答案及剖析:1.toshine考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少目的状

语,故用动词不定式。2.various考查形容词。修饰名词activities,故用形容词形式。3.who/that考查定语从句。ones为先行词,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who或that。4.in考查介词。participat

ein意为“参加”,固定搭配。5.aspects考查名词。用复数形式,表示“许多方面”。6.encourages考查动词时态。句子的主语是TheDay,缺少谓语动词,且用一般现在时态,故用encourages。7.accepted考查非谓语动词。thetime后缺少定语,与动词accept存在逻

辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。8.but考查并列连词。根据句意,分析前后句子的逻辑关系可知用but,表示转折。9.helping考查非谓语动词。Beyond为介词,后接v.-ing形式作宾语。10.really考查副词。动词feel缺少状语,故用副词r

eally。Ⅲ.短文改错MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedw

ithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessur

ethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime

.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.答案:MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea

.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeventowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissucce

ssis.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetableshighqualityoilareforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinshortperiodof

time.Instead,hehopesthatbusinesswillgrow.剖析:介词后的宾语从句中缺少表示地点的状语,因此用where。Though和but不能连用。根据上下文时态可知,此处应

用一般现在时。此处表示他成功的秘诀是诚实,主语thekey与表语构成同位关系应用名词。根据句意可知,此处意为“和”,表示并列关系,应用and。or表示选择关系。根据句意此处表示被动,“被用来”,此处用beusedfor。dreamofdoingsth.是固定短语,表示“梦想

做某事”。inashortperiodoftime是固定短语,表示“在短时间内”。主语是he,此处指“他的”,修饰business,因此用his。grow在此处表示“增长”,是实义动词,不是系动词,应用副词修饰。