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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018四川德阳三诊)Givenachoice,Chineseuniversitygraduatesprefertofindemploymentratherthanstartacompany.Inthepas

t12months,morethan20provinceshaveintroducedmanypoliciestoencouragestudentstostarttheirowncompanies,suchasallowingthemtoquitstudyingbutk

eeptheirstudentstatusfortwotoeightyears.ButareportbyhumanresourceswebsiteZhaopinreleasedrecentlystillfoundthatonly3.1perce

ntofstudentssaidtheywillstarttheirownbusiness,downfrom6.3percentin2015.“TheChinesegovernment,universitiesandinvest

orshaveprovidedafriendlyenvironmentforyoungstartups.However,thefailurerateoffreshgraduatesfoundingstartupsisstilltoohighdu

etothelackofexperience,resourcesandnetworking,”saidWangYixin,aseniorconsultantatZhaopin.“Inaddition,universitieshave

paidalotofattentiontoinnovationandcreativethinkinginsteadofstartingupcompanies.Thisisanotherreasonforthelowdesireoncampusto

foundstartups.”Atthesametime,collegegraduates’interestinfurthereducationhasalsodeclined,leadingtoanincreaseinstudentswantingemploy

mentfrom71.2percentlastyearto75.6percentthisyear.Nearly30percentofthosegraduatesacceptedoffersfromtheinternetindustry.Thoughsomegenius

esintheInternetindustrycreatedmiracles,manyindustryinsidersholdtheideathatbeforeonestartsup,onehastoknowhowtoproduceproducts,h

owtosellthem,howtomanageacompany.Thoselessonsyoucannotexpectafreshgraduatetoknowsothestudentsshouldworkafewyearsfirst

.TheyalsoinsistthatstudentscompletetheirstudiesfirstbecauseadiplomastillmattersinChina.1.Thegovernmentaret

ryingtoencouragestudentsto.A.findemploymentaftergraduationB.continuetheirstudyatschoolC.setuptheirownbusinessesD.leaveschoolwithoutadiploma2.The

2ndand3rdparagraphsfocuson.A.whatcontributestothesuccessofstartingabusinessB.whytherearemorestudentschoosingtofindemploymentC.

howstudents’interestinfurthereducationshapestheircareerperspectivesD.whoareworkingtogethertocreateagoodenvironmentforyoungstartups3.Whatisthe

industryinsiders’suggestiontotheuniversitystudents?A.ImmediatelystarttheirowncompaniesaftergraduationB.Starttheirowncompanieswhileatschoo

lC.QuitstudytostarttheirowncompaniesD.Finishstudiesandworkafewyearsfirst语篇解读:本文是议论文,虽然中国政府鼓励大学生自主创业,但事实上,大部分毕业生选择进了公司,

原因在于缺乏经验、资源等。业内人士认为,大学生应先工作几年再创业。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中Inthepast12months,morethan20provinceshaveintroduc

edmanypoliciestoencouragestudentstostarttheirowncompanies,suchasallowingthemtoquitstudyingbutkeeptheirstudentstatusfortwo

toeightyears.可知,政府鼓励学生创业。2.B主旨大意题。根据第二段中However,thefailurerateoffreshgraduatesfoundingstartups...startingupcompanies.以及第三段第一句可知,二、三段主要讲大学生为什么选择找工作,

而不去创业。故选B项。3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,行业内部人士认为,大学生应该先完成学业,参加工作,积累了一定的经验之后再去创业。BGrandparentsAnsweraCallAsathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas

,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththe

irchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreege

nerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.Nostatisticsshowthenumberofgra

ndparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smothe

r-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudybygrandparent

s.com,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefa

milieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourow

n,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywh

enyou’reraisingchildren.”Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesiti

swisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifey

ouknowmaybeharder.4.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?A.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B.Itimprovedherlivingcond

itions.C.Itenabledhertomakemorefriends.D.Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.5.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?A.17%expressedtheirsup

portforit.B.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C.83%believedithadabadinfluence.D.Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.6.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1

960s?A.Theywereunsureofthemselves.B.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.C.Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.D.Theyhadlittleres

pectfortheirgrandparents.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?A.Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.B.Asktheirchildren

topaymorevisitstothem.C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.语篇解读:本文介绍了一个社会现象。在美国,很多老人选择搬家,和子女生活在一起,这已

成为一种趋势。同时也建议老人要做出适合自己的选择。答案及剖析:4.A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationship...”可知,

Garza搬去和子女同住后,他们的关系更亲密了,这与A项“这加强了她的家庭关系”相吻合。5.D推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Accordingtoastudybygrandparents.com,83percentof

thepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexam

pleofObama’sfamily.”可知,Mrs.Robinson会影响很多人,也就是说,搬家与子女一起生活是一种趋势。故选D项。6.C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tg

etawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown”可以推断出,二十世纪六十年代的人们希望离家远一些,以证明自己能独立。故选C项。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,搬家并不一定适合每一位老人,作者建议老

人要根据自己的情况作出决定。故选A项。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018安徽蚌埠三模)InternationalVolunteerDayisaglobalcelebrationofvolunteers.Ittakesplaceeveryye

aronDecember51.(shine)alightontheeffectofvolunteereffortseverywhere.Manynationsandgovernmentshold2.(variety)activitiesinthisday.Volu

nteersareones3.makeuseoftheirownparttimeandparticipate4.socialservicefornocharge.Theycontributealotinthe5.(aspect)ofrebuildinghome,develop

ingeconomywithpromotingsocialcivilizationprogressingetc.TheDay6.(encouragement)volunteers’deedstodevelopatloca

l,nationalandinternationallevels.TheDayisthetimewidely7.(accept)bypeopletofightpoverty,hunger,disease,environmenta

lproblemsanddiscriminationagainstwomen.Theculturalformandexplanationofavolunteermaychangedependingoncircumstances,8.thebasicprincip

leneverchanges:everyindividualcanmakeadifferenceinsociety.Beyond9.(help)topromotethegreatergood,volunteersenrichtheirownlives.

Asonevolunteeronceputit,“IfeelasthoughIamabletohelpintheworldandusemyskills.Itallowsmeto10.(real)feelastho

ughIampartoftheworldcommunity.”答案及剖析:1.toshine考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少目的状语,故用动词不定式。2.various考查形容词。修饰名词ac

tivities,故用形容词形式。3.who/that考查定语从句。ones为先行词,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who或that。4.in考查介词。participatein意为“参加”,固定搭配。5.aspects考查名词。用复数形式,表示“许多方面”。6.encoura

ges考查动词时态。句子的主语是TheDay,缺少谓语动词,且用一般现在时态,故用encourages。7.accepted考查非谓语动词。thetime后缺少定语,与动词accept存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。8.but考查并列连词。根据句意,分析前后句子的逻辑关系可知用bu

t,表示转折。9.helping考查非谓语动词。Beyond为介词,后接v.-ing形式作宾语。10.really考查副词。动词feel缺少状语,故用副词really。Ⅲ.短文改错Myuncleistheownerofarestaur

antclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowai

toutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilare

usingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusiness

willgrowsteady.答案:MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisa

lwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeventowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessis.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshveg

etableshighqualityoilareforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinshortperiodoftime.Instea

d,hehopesthatbusinesswillgrow.剖析:介词后的宾语从句中缺少表示地点的状语,因此用where。Though和but不能连用。根据上下文时态可知,此处应用一般现在时。此处表示他成功的秘诀是诚实,主语thekey与表语构成同位关系应用名词。根据句意可知,此处意为“和”,

表示并列关系,应用and。or表示选择关系。根据句意此处表示被动,“被用来”,此处用beusedfor。dreamofdoingsth.是固定短语,表示“梦想做某事”。inashortperiodoftime是固定短语,表示“在短时间内”。主语是he,此处指“他的”,修饰

business,因此用his。grow在此处表示“增长”,是实义动词,不是系动词,应用副词修饰。