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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018高考命题专家原创卷三)Inthefighttoconservetropicalrainforests,here’satoolyoudon’toftenhearabout:orangepeels.Specifically,1

2,000tonsofthem,dumped(倾倒)ontheland.“Youdon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironm

ent.”TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s,wh

enanorangejuiceproducercalledDelOrosetupacompanyneartheGuanacasteConservationAreainCostaRica,aregionthatcontainsseveralnationalparksandawildlifep

rotectionzone.DelOroneededsomewheretodumptheorangepeels,andthecompanyalsoownedforestedlandnexttotheparklandthatithadnoin

tentionofgrowingcropson.Soadealwasstruck:ifDelOrodonateditsforestedland,itcoulddumporangepeelwasteondegraded(退化的)landwithinthecons

ervationarea.Thenathousanddumptrucks’worthoforangepeelswerelyingonthelandin1998.“Andwithinaboutsixmonthsth

eorangepeelshadbeenturnedfromorangepeelsintothisthickblackrichsoil.”“Icouldn’tevenfindthesitethefirsttimeIsawit.”Hecouldn’tfinditbecause,over1

6years,theorangepeelwastehadsentthelandonajourneytobecomeavine-chokedjungle,withthreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesofthene

ighboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.Inotherwords,theexperimentwasasuccess.Theresults

appearinthejournalRestorationEcology.Treuersaysperhapsthislessoncouldbeappliedelsewhere.“It’sashamethatweliveinawor

ldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliketoseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.That’snotalicenseforan

yagriculturalcompanytojuststartdumpingtheirwasteproductsonprotectedareas,butitdoesmeanthatlandmanager

s,peopleinvolvedwithindustrial-scaleagriculturaloperationsshouldstartthinkingaboutwaystodothoughtfulexperi

mentationtoseeifintheirparticularsystemtheycanhavesimilarwin-win-winresults.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagrap

h2referto?A.Wastetreatment.B.Aconservationstory.C.Anorangejuicecompany.D.Thebiodiversitybenefit.2.Wh

atdoestheauthorsayaboutorangepeels?A.Theyareparticularlyhardtobreakdown.B.Theycanchangethecolorofthelandsoil.C.Theya

rebeneficialtobiologicaldiversity.D.Theycangraduallydestroythesurfacesoil.3.WhatdoTreuer’swordsinthelast

paragraphsuggest?A.Wastecanbeusedforenvironmentalprotection.B.Nowastecanbethrownrandomlyontheprotect

edareas.C.Large-scaleagriculturaloperationsstartwithexperiments.D.Landmanagersmustbereadytotakeontheirresponsibility.语

篇解读:本文是说明文,主要介绍了倒在退化土地上的废弃橘子皮竟成了保护热带雨林生物多样性的工具。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutauniqu

econservationstory.可知,It指代的应是TimTreuer要讲的有关生态保护的故事。2.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的Youdon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbi

odiversitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironment.和第四段中的withthreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesofthenei

ghboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.可知,橘子皮对生物多样性是有益的。3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中Treuer所说的话,尤其是It’

sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliket

oseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.可知,Treuer认为,我们生活在营养受限的、退化的生态系统中,同时却有许多营养成分丰富的、泛滥成灾的废弃物,我们想看到这些东西能一点点地整合利用起来。再结合文章的主旨可知,Treuer认为我们可以利用废

弃物来保护环境。BMusicismagic!Musicspeakslouderthanwordsanditisa“language”thatthewholeworldcanunderstand.Apieceofmusiccanproducearesponse

intheheartandmind.Likefeelinganelectricalcurrentorreceivingapersonalradiosignal,musichasaspiritualeffectonaperson.Differentkindsofmusicinfluencepeop

leindifferentways.Ihavelistenedtomusicallmylife.WhenIwastwelveyearsold,theBeatlescametoAmericaandmywholeworldopenedup.Maybeyoun

gpeopletodaycannotunderstandtheinfluenceoftheBeatleswhentheyexplodedacrossAmerica.Theirinfluencechangedthewaywe

dressed,looked,actedandspoke...evenourculture.TheBeatlesarrivedinAmericafromtheUKjustthreemonthsaftertheassassination(暗

杀)ofPresidentJohnKennedy,whichhadputAmericaintoagreatdepression.AndthefreshnessandlivelyspiritoftheBeatleswasexactlywhatthecou

ntryneededtorefreshitself.Musiclinkstheheartofthehearerwiththatofthecomposer.Thismeansthatitmixesthespiritofth

ecomposerwithyourspiritwhenyoulistentoit.Andthemusiccantakeyourspiritoutofyourbodyandtransportyouintoanotherworld.Musichasagreatway

oftouchingpeople.Musiccanmakeyoulaugh,cryorshout.It’salsoagreatsourceofinspiration.Trythisonedayandnoticewha

thappens:makeyourselfacupoftea,sitonyoursofaandplayoneofyourfavoritesongs.Closeyoureyes,andsoonyou’llfindyourselfcreatingvividmentalimages—matchi

ngthemusicthatyouarelisteningto.4.Musichasmagicalpowerbecauseit.A.isakindoflanguageB.canbeplayedmuchlouderthanwo

rdsC.receivesapersonalradiosignalD.caninfluenceaperson’sspirit5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeatlesfromthepassage?A.Theyweretheb

iggestbandinAmericanhistory.B.TheyarenotacceptedbymodernAmericanpeople.C.TheyappearedataspecialtimeinAmericanpolitics.D.Theyreprese

ntedtherootsofAmericanculture.6.Musicinfluencespeopleinthefollowingwaysexcept.A.connectingthelistenerandthe

composermentallyB.transportingpeoplefromoneplacetoanotherC.allowingpeopletoexpresstheiremotionsD.touchingandinspiringpeople7.Whatd

oesthewritersuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Relaxandlistentotheirfavoritemusic.B.Enjoydrinkinginsparetime.C.Createvividpicture

s.D.Noticeeverythinghappeningaround.语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。本文讲述的是音乐的魔力,音乐比语言更为有力,会以不同的方式影响着人们。答案及剖析:4.D细节理解题。根据第一段中Apieceofmusic

canproducearesponseintheheartandmind.Likefeelinganelectricalcurrentorreceivingapersonalradiosignal,musichasasp

iritualeffectonaperson.Differentkindsofmusicinfluencepeopleindifferentways.可知,音乐会对人的身心产生影响,不同的音乐用不同的方式来影响人们,所以说音乐是有魔力的。5.C细节理解题。根据第二段中The

BeatlesarrivedinAmericafromtheUKjustthreemonthsaftertheassassination(暗杀)ofPresidentJohnKennedy,whichhadputAmericaintoagreatdepre

ssion.可知,披头士来美国的时候正值美国总统肯尼迪被暗杀三个月之后,美国当时正处在低落的情绪当中,故选C项。6.B细节理解题。第三段提到作曲家与听众精神相连(心意相同),还提到音乐可以激励人们,触动人的情感,

由第三段倒数第二句可知,音乐允许人们表达情绪。只有B项没有提及。7.A细节理解题。文章最后一段作者提出建议:放松自己,欣赏自己最喜爱的音乐。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018郑州高三二模)Likeallbigcities,Parishasatrafficproblem:lotsofca

rs,trafficjamsandpollutionfromexhaustfumes(废气).Sosince2007,thecity1.(begin)aplantoimprovethesituatio

n.UndertheVelibscheme(公共自行车计划),peoplecantakeabicycle,useitaslongastheywant,andthenleaveitatthesameoranotherbicyclestation.Thef

irsthalf-hourisfree,2.ifyoudon’treturnitafter30minutes,youhavetopay.It’sonly1adayor29ayear.Thebicyclesareasheavyas25kilogr

ams,andthey’reallgreyandhave3.(basket).There’realargenumberoftheminthecity,andthebicyclestationsaremorethanthesubwaystations!Parisisn’tthefirs

tcity4.(operate)aschemelikethis.Noteverybodythinksit’sagreatidea.OneParisian(巴黎人)said,“Thesebicyclesareonlysuitable5.shortjourneys.Ifpeoplewanttotrav

elacrossthecity,theywon’tuseabicycle—they’llstillusetheircars.”Acityspokesmansaid,“Thebicycleschemewon’tsolveallourtraffic

problems,butitmightworkin6.(reduce)airpollution.Traffic,togetherwithfactoryfumes,7.(be)abigproblem.Everyoneknows

aboutglobalwarminganddramaticclimatechanges—weknowthisispartlybecauserainforestsare8.(gradual)disappearing.And

it’salsobecausethere’ssomuchpollution.Therearen’tanysimpleanswerstotrafficproblemsandpollutionincities,butthebicyclesmigh

thelppeopleleadahealthierlife.9.wedosomethingnow,there’llbemoretrafficjamsandtemperatureswillcontinuetorise,s

otheproblemsinourenvironmentwillgeteven10.(bad).”答案及剖析:1.hasbegun考查时态。根据since2007可知用现在完成时。2.but考查连词。前后为转折关系。3.baskets考查名词。根据they可知用复数。4.tooperate考查

非谓语动词。“thefirst+名词/代词+todo”为固定用法。5.for考查介词。besuitablefor为固定搭配。6.reducing考查非谓语动词。介词后接v.-ing形式作宾语。7.is考查主谓一致和时态。Traffic为不可数名词,

在句中作主语,此处描述的是客观情况。故用一般现在时的第三人称单数。8.gradually考查副词。此处副词作状语修饰动词disappearing。9.Unless考查连词。Unless“除非,如果不”符合语境。10.worse考查形容词。根据more和even可知用形容

词的比较级。Ⅲ.短文改错DearSir,ThankyouforyourofferofinvitemetothesummerEnglishcourseinyourschool.Asforyourchoicebetweenthetwocourses

,Ipreferthefour-weekscoursefor60hoursofstudy.Becauseofthiswouldallowmemoretimetodosometravellingandmakeafewnewfriendsei

ther.OfallthesubjectI’mlearningatschool,IlikeEnglishbest.IhadbeenlearningEnglishfor6yearsbutmyspokenEnglishremainspoorly.SoIhopetotakethischancetoi

mproveit.Ifpossible,I’dlikestaywithafamilyforacoupleofdaysinordertoIcanknowsomecustomsinEngland.IbelieveIwillhaveawonderfultimethissummer.Y

ourstruly,LiHua答案:DearSir,ThankyouforyourofferofmetothesummerEnglishcourseinyourschool.Asforchoicebetweenthetwocourses,Ip

referthecoursefor60hoursofstudy.Becauseofthiswouldallowmemoretimetodosometravellingandmakeafewnewfriends.Ofallth

eI’mlearningatschool,IlikeEnglishbest.IbeenlearningEnglishfor6yearsbutmyspokenEnglishremains.SoIhopetotakethischanceto

improveit.Ifpossible,I’dlikestaywithafamilyforacoupleofdaysinorderIcanknowsomecustomsinEngland.IbelieveIwillhaveawonderfultimethissu

mmer.Yourstruly,LiHua剖析:介词of后面要接动名词作宾语。此处使用my和句子主语I保持一致。此处是“数词+名词”构成的复合形容词,作定语修饰名词course,尽管数词是大于1的,但名词仍用单数形式。连词because后面要接句子充当原因状语从句,而介词

短语becauseof后面要接名词或名词短语作宾语。副词too“也”,用于肯定句中表示“也”,either用于否定句中表示“也”。本句是一个肯定句,所以使用副词too。名词subject“学科”是一个可数名词,

其前有all修饰,故此处应用其复数形式。原文中使用了过去完成时,表示过去的过去。实际上本文并没有“过去的过去”的含义,而表示到目前为止已经完成的事情,所以使用现在完成时。remain为连系动词,此处作表语,故把poorly改为poor。wouldliketodo...“喜欢做某

事。”inorderthat...“为了„„”后面跟从句充当目的状语。