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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018高考命题专家原创卷三)Inthefighttoconservetropicalrainforests,here’satoolyoudon’toftenhea

rabout:orangepeels.Specifically,12,000tonsofthem,dumped(倾倒)ontheland.“Youdon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiver

sitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironment.”TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutau

niqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s,whenanorangejuiceproducercalledDelOrosetupacompanyneartheGuanacasteConserv

ationAreainCostaRica,aregionthatcontainsseveralnationalparksandawildlifeprotectionzone.DelOroneededsomewheretodumptheorangepeels,andthecompanyalsoo

wnedforestedlandnexttotheparklandthatithadnointentionofgrowingcropson.Soadealwasstruck:ifDelOrodonateditsfor

estedland,itcoulddumporangepeelwasteondegraded(退化的)landwithintheconservationarea.Thenathousanddumptrucks’worthoforangepeelswerelyingonthelandin

1998.“Andwithinaboutsixmonthstheorangepeelshadbeenturnedfromorangepeelsintothisthickblackrichsoil.”“Icouldn’tev

enfindthesitethefirsttimeIsawit.”Hecouldn’tfinditbecause,over16years,theorangepeelwastehadsentthelandonajourneytobecomeavine-chokedjungle,witht

hreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesoftheneighboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.Inotherwords,theexperimentwasasuccess.

TheresultsappearinthejournalRestorationEcology.Treuersaysperhapsthislessoncouldbeappliedelsewhere.“It’sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limitedd

egradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliketoseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.That’snotalicenseforanyagriculturalcom

panytojuststartdumpingtheirwasteproductsonprotectedareas,butitdoesmeanthatlandmanagers,peopleinvolvedwithindustrial-scaleagriculturaloperationsshoul

dstartthinkingaboutwaystodothoughtfulexperimentationtoseeifintheirparticularsystemtheycanhavesimilarwin-win-winresults.”1.Whatdoestheunde

rlinedword“It”inParagraph2referto?A.Wastetreatment.B.Aconservationstory.C.Anorangejuicecompany.D.Thebiodiversitybene

fit.2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutorangepeels?A.Theyareparticularlyhardtobreakdown.B.Theycanchangethecolorofthelandsoil.C.Theyarebeneficialtobiol

ogicaldiversity.D.Theycangraduallydestroythesurfacesoil.3.WhatdoTreuer’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Wastecanbeusedforenvironmentalprotect

ion.B.Nowastecanbethrownrandomlyontheprotectedareas.C.Large-scaleagriculturaloperationsstartwithexperiments.D.Landmanagersmustberea

dytotakeontheirresponsibility.语篇解读:本文是说明文,主要介绍了倒在退化土地上的废弃橘子皮竟成了保护热带雨林生物多样性的工具。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的TimTreuerisanecologistatPri

ncetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.可知,It指代的应是TimTreuer要讲的有关生态保护的故事。2.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的Y

oudon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironment.和第四段中的withthreetime

sthediversityoftreespeciesoftheneighboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.可知,橘子皮对生物多样性是有益的。3.A推理判断题。根据最

后一段中Treuer所说的话,尤其是It’sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliketoseethosethin

gscometogetheralittlebit.可知,Treuer认为,我们生活在营养受限的、退化的生态系统中,同时却有许多营养成分丰富的、泛滥成灾的废弃物,我们想看到这些东西能一点点地整合利用起来。再结合

文章的主旨可知,Treuer认为我们可以利用废弃物来保护环境。BMusicismagic!Musicspeakslouderthanwordsanditisa“language”thatthewholeworldcanunderstand.Apieceofmusiccanpro

ducearesponseintheheartandmind.Likefeelinganelectricalcurrentorreceivingapersonalradiosignal,musichasaspiritualeffectonaperson.Differentk

indsofmusicinfluencepeopleindifferentways.Ihavelistenedtomusicallmylife.WhenIwastwelveyearsold,theBeatlescametoAmericaandmywhol

eworldopenedup.MaybeyoungpeopletodaycannotunderstandtheinfluenceoftheBeatleswhentheyexplodedacrossAmerica.Theirinfluencechangedthewaywedressed,lo

oked,actedandspoke...evenourculture.TheBeatlesarrivedinAmericafromtheUKjustthreemonthsaftertheassassination(暗杀)

ofPresidentJohnKennedy,whichhadputAmericaintoagreatdepression.AndthefreshnessandlivelyspiritoftheBeatleswasexactlywha

tthecountryneededtorefreshitself.Musiclinkstheheartofthehearerwiththatofthecomposer.Thismeansthatitmixesthespiritofthecomposerwithyourspiritwhe

nyoulistentoit.Andthemusiccantakeyourspiritoutofyourbodyandtransportyouintoanotherworld.Musichasagreatwayoftouchingpeople.Musiccanm

akeyoulaugh,cryorshout.It’salsoagreatsourceofinspiration.Trythisonedayandnoticewhathappens:makeyourselfacupoftea,sitonyoursofaand

playoneofyourfavoritesongs.Closeyoureyes,andsoonyou’llfindyourselfcreatingvividmentalimages—matchingthemusicthatyouarelisteni

ngto.4.Musichasmagicalpowerbecauseit.A.isakindoflanguageB.canbeplayedmuchlouderthanwordsC.receivesapersonalradiosignalD.canin

fluenceaperson’sspirit5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeatlesfromthepassage?A.TheywerethebiggestbandinAmeric

anhistory.B.TheyarenotacceptedbymodernAmericanpeople.C.TheyappearedataspecialtimeinAmericanpolitics.D.Theyrepresentedthero

otsofAmericanculture.6.Musicinfluencespeopleinthefollowingwaysexcept.A.connectingthelistenerandthecomposermentallyB.transpor

tingpeoplefromoneplacetoanotherC.allowingpeopletoexpresstheiremotionsD.touchingandinspiringpeople7.Whatdoesthewritersuggestp

eopledointhelastparagraph?A.Relaxandlistentotheirfavoritemusic.B.Enjoydrinkinginsparetime.C.Createvividpictures.D.Noticeeverythinghappeningaround.语篇

解读:本文是一篇议论文。本文讲述的是音乐的魔力,音乐比语言更为有力,会以不同的方式影响着人们。答案及剖析:4.D细节理解题。根据第一段中Apieceofmusiccanproducearesponseinthehearta

ndmind.Likefeelinganelectricalcurrentorreceivingapersonalradiosignal,musichasaspiritualeffectonaperson.Differentkindsofmusicinfluencepeoplei

ndifferentways.可知,音乐会对人的身心产生影响,不同的音乐用不同的方式来影响人们,所以说音乐是有魔力的。5.C细节理解题。根据第二段中TheBeatlesarrivedinAmericafromtheUKjustthreemont

hsaftertheassassination(暗杀)ofPresidentJohnKennedy,whichhadputAmericaintoagreatdepression.可知,披头士来美国的时候正值美国总统肯尼迪被暗杀三个月

之后,美国当时正处在低落的情绪当中,故选C项。6.B细节理解题。第三段提到作曲家与听众精神相连(心意相同),还提到音乐可以激励人们,触动人的情感,由第三段倒数第二句可知,音乐允许人们表达情绪。只有B项没有提及。7.

A细节理解题。文章最后一段作者提出建议:放松自己,欣赏自己最喜爱的音乐。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018郑州高三二模)Likeallbigcities,Parishasatrafficproblem:lotsofcars,trafficjamsandpollutionfromexhaustfum

es(废气).Sosince2007,thecity1.(begin)aplantoimprovethesituation.UndertheVelibscheme(公共自行车计划),peoplecantakeabicycle,useitaslongastheywant,an

dthenleaveitatthesameoranotherbicyclestation.Thefirsthalf-hourisfree,2.ifyoudon’treturnitafter30minutes,youhavetopay.It’s

only1adayor29ayear.Thebicyclesareasheavyas25kilograms,andthey’reallgreyandhave3.(basket).There’realargenumberoft

heminthecity,andthebicyclestationsaremorethanthesubwaystations!Parisisn’tthefirstcity4.(operate)aschemeliketh

is.Noteverybodythinksit’sagreatidea.OneParisian(巴黎人)said,“Thesebicyclesareonlysuitable5.shortjourneys.Ifpeoplewan

ttotravelacrossthecity,theywon’tuseabicycle—they’llstillusetheircars.”Acityspokesmansaid,“Thebicycleschemewon’tsolveallourtrafficproblems

,butitmightworkin6.(reduce)airpollution.Traffic,togetherwithfactoryfumes,7.(be)abigproblem.Everyoneknowsabout

globalwarminganddramaticclimatechanges—weknowthisispartlybecauserainforestsare8.(gradual)disappearing.Andit’salsobecausethere’ssomuchp

ollution.Therearen’tanysimpleanswerstotrafficproblemsandpollutionincities,butthebicyclesmighthelppeopleleadahealth

ierlife.9.wedosomethingnow,there’llbemoretrafficjamsandtemperatureswillcontinuetorise,sotheproblemsinourenvironmentwillgeteven10.

(bad).”答案及剖析:1.hasbegun考查时态。根据since2007可知用现在完成时。2.but考查连词。前后为转折关系。3.baskets考查名词。根据they可知用复数。4.tooperate考查非谓语动词。“thefirst+名词/代词+todo”为

固定用法。5.for考查介词。besuitablefor为固定搭配。6.reducing考查非谓语动词。介词后接v.-ing形式作宾语。7.is考查主谓一致和时态。Traffic为不可数名词,在句中作主语,此处描述的是客观情况。故用一

般现在时的第三人称单数。8.gradually考查副词。此处副词作状语修饰动词disappearing。9.Unless考查连词。Unless“除非,如果不”符合语境。10.worse考查形容词。根据more和even

可知用形容词的比较级。Ⅲ.短文改错DearSir,ThankyouforyourofferofinvitemetothesummerEnglishcourseinyourschool.Asforyourchoicebetweenthetwocours

es,Ipreferthefour-weekscoursefor60hoursofstudy.Becauseofthiswouldallowmemoretimetodosometravellingandmakeafewnewfrien

dseither.OfallthesubjectI’mlearningatschool,IlikeEnglishbest.IhadbeenlearningEnglishfor6yearsbutmyspokenEnglishremainspoorly.SoIhopetotaket

hischancetoimproveit.Ifpossible,I’dlikestaywithafamilyforacoupleofdaysinordertoIcanknowsomecustomsinEngland.IbelieveIwillhaveawonderfult

imethissummer.Yourstruly,LiHua答案:DearSir,ThankyouforyourofferofmetothesummerEnglishcourseinyourschool.Asforchoicebetwee

nthetwocourses,Ipreferthecoursefor60hoursofstudy.Becauseofthiswouldallowmemoretimetodosometravellingandmakeafewnewfriends.Ofall

theI’mlearningatschool,IlikeEnglishbest.IbeenlearningEnglishfor6yearsbutmyspokenEnglishremains.SoIhopetotakethischancetoimproveit.Ifposs

ible,I’dlikestaywithafamilyforacoupleofdaysinorderIcanknowsomecustomsinEngland.IbelieveIwillhaveawonderfultimeth

issummer.Yourstruly,LiHua剖析:介词of后面要接动名词作宾语。此处使用my和句子主语I保持一致。此处是“数词+名词”构成的复合形容词,作定语修饰名词course,尽管数词是大于1的,但名

词仍用单数形式。连词because后面要接句子充当原因状语从句,而介词短语becauseof后面要接名词或名词短语作宾语。副词too“也”,用于肯定句中表示“也”,either用于否定句中表示“也”。本句是一个肯定句,所以使用副词t

oo。名词subject“学科”是一个可数名词,其前有all修饰,故此处应用其复数形式。原文中使用了过去完成时,表示过去的过去。实际上本文并没有“过去的过去”的含义,而表示到目前为止已经完成的事情,所以使用

现在完成时。remain为连系动词,此处作表语,故把poorly改为poor。wouldliketodo...“喜欢做某事。”inorderthat...“为了„„”后面跟从句充当目的状语。