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Unit3Backtothepast能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018LearningEnglish48期)ThePantheon(万神殿)isoneofthegreatestachievementsoftheancient

Romans.TheancientRomansweregoodarchitectsandtheybuiltnumerousgreatbuildings,manyofwhicharestillingoodconditiontoday.TheRomanarchitect

uralstylehasbeenborrowedbymanyofthewesterncountries.ThearchitectureofthePantheonisunique.InLatinandGreek,pantheonmeans“Templeof

alltheGods”.ItisbelievedthataRomangeneralbuilttheoriginalPantheonin27BC.Itwasbuilttocelebratethevictoryofahistoricbattle.ThePantheonwascompletelyde

stroyedinabigfirein80AD.ThePantheonthatweseetodaywasactuallyreconstructedin125ADbyaRomanemperor.ManyhistoriansthinkthatthePantheonwasapla

ceofworship(敬奉),becauseithousedallthegodsandgoddessesofancientRomans.ThePantheonisasplendidexampleofancientRo

manarchitecture.Thisbuildinghasbeeninuseforover2,000years.ThePantheonisfamousforitsdesign,sizeanditshugedo

me.Themostamazingfeatureofthisbuildingisitshugedome.ThePantheondomewasthoughttobethelargestinItaly,andeveninthewholeworld.Thedoorsaremadeofmetalanda

reover26feethigh.ThedoorwayofthePantheonisabout40feethighand20feetwide.Thecolumns,weighing60tonseach,weremadeofthestonestransportedfromEgyp

t.ApointworthyofmentionisthattheGreeksgreatlyinfluencedtheRomanartandarchitecture.Thereisanoculus(圆窗)inthecenterofthedomeknownasthe“Great

Eye”,whichopenstothesky.The“GreatEye”isthesourceoflightandalsoservesasaventilator(通风口).IfsnoworrainfallsinsidethePantheont

hroughtheoculus,therearepipesthathelpdrawoffthewater.Onspecialoccasions,religiouscelebrationswereheldhere.UnderPapalrule,itw

asusedasaburialgroundforkingsandotherfamouspeople,includingpainterswhofollowedChristianity.TherearetombsofRaphael,thepainter(diedin1520),

KingVictorEmmanuelⅡ(diedin1878),andmanymoreinthePantheon.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Therewerenumerousarchitecturalstylesin

Rome.B.ThePantheonistheonlywell-preservedancientbuildinginRome.C.ThePantheonistheoldestaswellasthelargestbuildingintheworld.D.Roman

architecturehashadagreatinfluenceonmanywesterncountries.2.ThePantheonwasthoughthighlyofespeciallybecauseofits.A.h

ugesizeB.heavydoorsC.tallcolumnsD.bigdome3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.BuildingstylesinancientRome

.B.HowthePantheonwasbuilt.C.SomefactsaboutthePantheon.D.AncientbuildingsinRome.语篇解读:本文是说明文,介绍了罗马的万神殿,它是意大利乃至整个欧洲建筑史上

的杰作,我们可以通过它来了解古罗马的建筑风格。答案及剖析:1.D细节理解题。根据第一段“TheRomanarchitecturalstylehasbeenborrowedbymanyofthewesterncountries”可

知,古罗马的建筑风格对西方许多国家都产生了很大的影响。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段“ThePantheonisfamousforitsdesign,sizeanditshugedome.Themostamazingfeatureofthis

buildingisitshugedome...eveninthewholeworld”可知,罗马万神殿因其巨大的穹顶而受到高度评价。3.C主旨大意题。本文从历史建筑风格和用途等方面对罗马万神殿作了介

绍。Ⅱ.七选五BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1.Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthe

re’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbe

envictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtru

st.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.2.It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketo

getyouthere.●3.Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourw

ell-being.●4.Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentali

ty”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.●Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatt

hesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5.Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheex

periencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardin

gyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledge

carriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了人们

在遭受背叛和欺骗后如何重建信任。答案及剖析:1.B第一句Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.(信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。)是对trust的解释。选项B中的it指代上文出现的trust,并且继续解释

trust的含义:puttingconfidenceinsomeone(对某人寄托信任),故选B项。注意:选项B与第一句为顺承关系。2.E选项E与上文能形成因果关系。They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbea

rtoletithappenagain.(他们曾经受过严重伤害,不能容忍这种事情再次发生。)是上一句Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.(有时候人们就是不能再信任别人。)的原因。并且与下一句It’sund

erstandable...(这是可以理解的„„)有顺承关系。3.A空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。并且选项A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.(学会真正信任你自己。)与空格后的Havingconfidenceiny

ourself形成同义复现。trustyourself相当于haveconfidenceinyourself。4.C空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。下文中Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourc

ircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.(如果你遭遇了背叛,那么你就成为客观环境的受害者。但是成为受害者与以“受害者的心态”活着是

有区别的。)反复出现victim一词,而选项C中的关键词也为victim,形成原词复现。选项C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.(不要把自己当作受害者。)起到总起本段的作用。5.GSeeingtheposi

tivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.(看到事情的积极方面并不意味着你对发生的事情视而不见。)与下一句Instead,it’sahealthyway...forpositive...(相反,这是一个

健康的方式„„)形成转折关系。并且选项中的positive与下文的positive形成原词复现。Ⅲ.完形填空(2018高考英语原创押题预测卷)Recently,myfriend,whoisaphysician,toldmeshewasn’tdoinga“g

oodenough”jobbeingaparentandwasmissingoutonherchildren’slives.I’velearnedthatotherphysiciansalsobelievethe1oftheirprofessionwillsomehowadversely(不利地

)affecttheirchildren’s2.Itellmycolleaguesnotto3,andthatonedaytheirchildwillappreciatethemfortheirlifeasa4child.Icansaythis5mymotherwasapall

iative-carephysician.Beingthedaughterofapalliative-carephysicianwasn’t6:Icametounderstandmother’sabsence,havingto7herwithothers,andbeing8tohuman

sufferinganddeathwerejust9ofmylife.10,beingthechildofaphysicianhada11effectonmylife.Ilearnedlovewassacrificeandyouwouldgetlovea

ndappreciationinreturn.IfIcouldhavemy12overagain,Iwouldn’tchangemuch.Sure,thereweretimeswhenIwantedto13mymother’spager(传呼机)outo

fthewindow,or14thatshecouldhaveattendedschoolevents.ButevenasachildIknewwhatIwas15,andwhatshewassacrificing,wer

e16worthitforthelifethatIgottolead.Mymother’sworkasapalliative-carephysicianprovidedmewithexperiencesthatenrichedmylife,teachingme17lessons,

skillsandtheknowledgeofkindness,sympathyandgenerosity.So,toanyonewhoisconcernedabout18acareerwithraisingchildren,Iof

feryoumyreassurance.Whiletherewillbetoughtimes,onedayyourchildwill19youfortheexperiencesandthelifethey’vehadasaresultofyour20.1.A.dema

ndsB.standardsC.challengesD.opportunities2.A.intelligenceB.schoolingC.futureD.growth3.A.quitB.mention

C.worryD.hurry4.A.doctor’sB.teacher’sC.mother’sD.colleague’s5.A.thoughB.whenC.ifD.because6.A.toughB.correctC.easyD.normal7.A.assis

tB.shareC.compareD.substitute8.A.familiarB.relatedC.devotedD.exposed9.A.motivationB.meaningC.partD.aim10.A.HoweverB.BesidesC.SomehowD.Th

erefore11.A.negativeB.passiveC.sideD.positive12.A.occupationB.childhoodC.adultD.education13.A.keepB.makeC.

throwD.take14.A.wishedB.hopedC.requestedD.demanded15.A.expectingB.imaginingC.doingD.sacrificing16.A.lessthanB.morethanC.othertha

nD.ratherthan17.A.specialB.unforgettableC.toughD.valuable18.A.balancingB.combiningC.offeringD.swapping19.A.prepareB.thankC.for

giveD.praise20.A.contributionB.devotionC.careerD.care语篇解读:本文是记叙文。作者通过讲述自己小时候的经历来安慰她那些做医生的同事们:虽然作为医生他们和孩子们在一起的时间少,但是父母的职业会给孩子带来积极的影响,让他

们懂得了牺牲,懂得了同情和感恩。答案及剖析:1.A根据上文可知,作医生的父母和孩子们在一起的时间少,由此可推断,此处指他们的职业需要会„„故选A。2.D根据文章内容和末段中的acareerwithraisi

ngchildren可以判断一些医生认为他们的职业需要对孩子的成长不利,故选D。3.C根据后句内容和下文作者对自己经历的介绍可知,作者安慰同事们不要担心,故选C。4.A由上下文可知此处应为医生的孩子,故选A。5.D后句表示作者这样说的原因,故选D。6.C从后句内容可知做一名医生

的孩子很不容易,故选C。7.B由常识可知做医生的妈妈要陪护病人,由此判断作者指她要和别人去共享母亲,故选B。8.D母亲是做医生的,所以作者不可避免地会接触到病人和死亡,故选D。9.C此处指以上那些都是作者生活的一部分,选C。10.A根据句子内容判断前

后句是转折关系,选A。11.D根据后句内容可知,作者认为作为医生孩子的这个经历对自己的生活有积极的影响。12.B上文讲述的是自己童年时候的事情,而且也是用来向同事们证明父母做医生不会对孩子的成长有不好的影响。所以此处是说,如果自己的童

年重来一次,自己也不会改变太多。故选B。13.C从下文内容判断,作者小时候也因妈妈不能陪伴自己而生气,会生气地想把传呼机扔到窗外。14.A根据空后宾语从句的动词形式可以判断此处是虚拟语气,wish后所跟宾语从句中对过去的

虚拟用couldhavedone,故选A。15.D从上文内容以及后句中的sacrificing判断,此处指作者做出的牺牲,故选D。16.Bmorethan可以修饰形容词,意思是“非常”,表示作者和母亲做出的牺牲是很值得的。less

than“少于„„”;ratherthan“而不是”;otherthan“除„„外”,故选B。17.D从前面动词enriched判断作者认为那些经历教给了作者很宝贵的东西。18.A从上文内容可知,作者的同事们认为医生这种职业影响了他们

孩子的成长,所以此处指那些关心工作和孩子成长之间平衡的人,故选A。19.B根据上文内容以及第三段中thatonedaytheirchildwillappreciatethemfortheirlifeas...可知选B。20.C由上文内容和前句中acareer判断,作者认为孩子们会感激他们

做医生的父母给他们带来的经历和生活,故选C。