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必修3Unit1Theworldofoursenses能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018北京海淀区高三二模)WhyDoPeopleBlinkTheirEyes?Peopleblink(眨眼)theireyestensofthousandso

ftimeseveryday.Scientistshavelongbelievedblinkingwasaninvoluntarymovementandservedmainlytokeeptheeyeballswet.Butanewstudysuggestsitha

samoreimportantpurpose.AninternationalteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleystudiedtheblinkingofhumaney

elids.ThejournalCurrentBiologypublishedtheirfindings.Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatwear

eseeing.Theysaidthatwhenweblinkoureyelids,theeyesrollbackintotheirsockets—thebonyareathatsurroundsandprotect

stheeyes.However,theresearchersfoundtheeyesdon’talwaysreturntothesameposition.Theysaidthiscausestheb

raintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.GerritMausistheleadwriterofthereport.HeservesasanassistantprofessorofpsychologyatNanyangTechnologicalU

niversityinSingapore.Maussaid,“Oureyemusclesarequitesluggish(迟缓的)andimprecise,sothebrainneedstoconstantlyadaptitsmotorsignalstomakesureoureyesarepoi

ntingwherethey’resupposedto.Ourfindingssuggestedthatthebrainmeasuresthedifferenceinwhatweseebeforeandafterablink,andcommandstheeyemusclesto

maketheneededcorrections.”Theresearcherssaidthatwithoutsuchcorrectionsoursurroundingswouldappearunclearandevenjumpy

.Theysaidthemovementacts“likeasteadicam(摄影机稳定器)ofthemind.”Theresearcherssaidtheyaskedvolunteerstositinadarkroomwhilestaringatas

malldotonaflatsurface.Theyusedspecialcamerastofollowthevolunteers’blinksandeyemovements.Aftereachblink,thedotwasmov

edonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemovementanddirectedthe

eyemusclestorefocusonthedot.Afterthedotwasmovedinthisway30times,thevolunteers’eyeschangedtheirfocusto

theplacewheretheypredicteditwouldbe.ProfessorMaussaid,“Eventhoughparticipantsdidnotconsciouslyregisterthatthedothadmoved,theirbrainsdid,andadjusted

withthecorrectiveeyemovements.Thesefindingsaddtoourunderstandingofhowthebrainconstantlyadaptstochanges,commandingoureyem

usclestocorrectforerrorsinourbodies’ownhardware.”1.Accordingtothenewstudy,blinkingeyescan.A.servetokeeptheeyeballswetB.repositioneyeball

stostayfocusedC.consciouslycorrecteyemovementsD.makeoureyesadapttomotorsignals2.Fromtheexperiment,wecanlearnthat.A.volunteerscouldseethemoving

dotwithspecialcamerasB.theeyeballscouldstayintheplaceastheywerepredictedC.participantswereawareofthedot’smovemen

tstotherightD.thebraincommandedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot3.Theunderlinedword“register”inParagraph5probablymeans.A.realizeB.r

efocusC.reserveD.reason4.Thispassageshowsthat.A.eyemusclesarequiteinactiveandimpreciseB.theresearchisofgreatvalueintheeyemove

mentC.thebrainplaysanimportantroleinseeingthingsclearlyD.volunteerscontroltheirblinkstofollowthechange

softhedot语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为眼球的不断闪烁有一个更重要的用途——让我们可以保持眼神的集中。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsourey

eballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatweareseeing...Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.可知,眨眼睛是在复位我们的眼球,这样

我们可以专注于我们所看到的。故选B。2.D细节理解题。根据Aftereachblink,thedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemoveme

ntanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.可知,是我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,使得眼球重新聚焦在点上。故选D3.A词义猜测题。本句句意为“即使参与者没有意识到点的移动,但是他们的大脑意识

到了,并调整矫正眼球随之运动。”故选A。4.C主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,通过眨眼睛的动作复位我们的眼球,使得眼球重新聚焦在我们看的物体上。所以,大脑在我们看清物体方面起着重要作用。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(2018安徽合肥联考)Anewreportsaysplasti

csareresponsiblefor$13billionindamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironment.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNation

sconference.1.Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwaterways.2.Afterawhile,itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaw

ay.Plasticisnotbiodegradable—destroyedbybacteriaornaturalprocesses.Instead,itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicals

andotherpollutants(污染物).3.Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.4.Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheyca

ntakestepstostopit.Theycanusefewersingle-useproductcontainersandthrowplasticsawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogramsals

owork—whereoldbottlesandotherplasticsarecollected,brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Wecouldreusebottle

sinourhouseholdsmanytimesifwewishto,ratherthanenditafterthefirstuse.Wecould,whenwegetridofthatplastic,recycleita

ndreuseit,whichreplacestheneedforrawmaterials.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemethodsforusingplastics.5.Anditcallsforinf

ormationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplastic,industryhasaspecialreasontocleanupt

heenvironment.Butallofthecompaniesmustjointodealwiththeproblem.A.Then,fishmayeattheplastics.B.Butpeoplecanmakeabigdiffer

ence.C.Plasticsshouldbegatheredtogetherandreused.D.Itisconvenienttouseplasticbagsineverydaylife.E.It

asksforthemtobettermeasureandcontrolplasticuse.F.Theplasticeventuallyreachescoastalareasandoceanwaters.G.Thereporttellsa

boutharmtosealifeandwhatmightbedonetoimprovethesituation.答案:1-5GFABEⅢ.完形填空Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall

1placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant2somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe3ofseeingthisfirsthan

dona4.Mydaughterplaysonarecreationalsoccerteam.Theydidverywellthisseasonandso5atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams

.Thisledtosome6experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams7trained.Throughthefirsttwogames,her8didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.Asaparent,I

9seeingmydaughterplayingherbest,10stilldefeated.Itseemedthatsomethingclickedwiththe11betweenSaturdayandSunday.Whenthey12forth

eirSundaygame,theywere13different.Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhad14thedaybeforeintothei

r15.Theyplayedaggressivelyand16scoredagoal.It17methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreat18momentforallthegirlsontheteam.Ithinki

tisageneralprinciple.19isthebestteacher.Thelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe20whattheywouldhavegotteninschool,butarecertainlymor

epersonalandmeaningful,becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.1.A.publicB.traditionalC.officialD.special

2.A.passesB.worksC.liesD.ends3.A.dreamB.ideaC.habitD.chance4.A.tripB.holidayC.weekendD.square5.A.wonB.enter

edC.organizedD.watched6.A.painfulB.strangeC.commonD.practical7.A.lessB.poorlyC.newlyD.better8.A.fansB.tutorsC.classD.team9.A.imaginedB.hated

C.avoidedD.missed10.A.ifB.orC.butD.as11.A.girlsB.parentsC.coachesD.viewers12.A.dressedB.showedupC.madeupD.planned13.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.basic

allyD.completely14.A.seenB.knownC.heardD.read15.A.stylesB.trainingC.gameD.rules16.A.evenB.stillC.seldomD.again17.A.confusedB.s

truckC.remindedD.warned18.A.touchingB.thinkingC.encouragingD.learning19.A.ExperienceB.IndependenceC.CuriosityD.Interest20.A.harmfu

ltoB.mixedwithC.differentfromD.appliedto语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时前两场输了,但是这些女孩子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中,终于得分了。作

者由此得出了“经验是最好的老师”的结论。答案及剖析:1.B空格前的“School?Afriend?Atutor?”所指的都是传统的(traditional)我们可以求教的地方。public公共的;official官方的;special

特殊的。2.C根据空格后面的somewhereelseinstead可知,该句意思是“但很可能你真正想要学习的却在(lies)其他某个地方”。pass经过;work工作;end结束。3.D结合空格后面的seeingthisfirsthand可知,作

者有机会(chance)亲眼看到这样的事情。dream梦想;idea想法;habit习惯。4.C根据下文中的Saturday和betweenSaturdayandSunday这些信息可知,她们踢球的时间是周末(weekend)。trip旅游,holi

day假日,square广场,均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。5.B根据空格后面的atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams可知,一般来说只有技术更好的俱乐部球队才能参加(entered)锦标赛。win赢;organize

组织;watch观看。6.A结合上下文可知,她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的强队,因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的(painful)经历。strange奇怪的,common普通的,practical实际的,均与语境不符。7.D根据上文提到的moreskilledclubteams可知,

这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少,poorly糟糕地,二者意思与语境相反;newly最近,新近,与语境不符。8.D由空格所在句中的games(比赛)及shot(射门)可知,此处是指她的球队(team)表现不佳。fan迷,狂热爱好者;tuto

r导师;class班级。9.B根据下文的playingherbest...stilldefeated可知,作者不愿意(hated)看到女儿尽力踢球但却仍然被打败的情景。hatedoingsth.厌恶做某事。imagine想象,avoid避免,miss错过,均与语境不符。10.C根

据前面的playingherbest和后面的defeated可知,女儿虽然尽力了,但还是被打败了。前后是一种转折关系,故选but。11.A读文章可知这是一支女子足球队,因此这里指那些女孩子(girls)。parent父亲(或母亲);coac

h教练;viewer观众。12.B结合空格后面的fortheirSundaygame我们知道,这是她们在周日比赛露面(showedup)的时候。dress穿(衣服);makeup编造;plan计划。13.D结合语境,尤其是上文中的...somethingclickedwiththe...可知,

好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什么,这次露面时,她们完全(completely)不一样了。slightly稍微,hardly几乎不,basically基本地,均与语境不符。14.A结合语境Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandtea

mworktheyhadthedaybefore...我们知道,作者女儿的这个队把昨天她们看到(seen)的融合到今天的比赛中来了,而不是know“知道”,hear“听到”或read“读”。15.C根据上文提到的theirSundaygame我们知道,她们把从对方

那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的比赛(game)中来。style风格;training训练;rule规则。16.A结合空格前的Theyplayedaggressively...可知,她们富有攻击性地踢球,甚至(even)得分了。still仍然,seldom很少,ag

ain又,再,均与语境不符。17.BItstrikes/strucksb.that...“某人突然想起……”,是固定句式,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occurto。confuse使困惑,remind提醒,w

arn警告,均与语境不符。18.D根据文章首句Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?可知,本文谈论的主要是学习,作者认为和训练有素的对手进行比赛是这些女孩子们学习(learning)的良机,以此紧扣文章主题。touching感人的,

thinking有思考力的,encouraging鼓舞人心的,均与语境不符。19.A通读全文可知,作者认为和训练有素的对手比赛的经验(experience)是最好的老师。因此选项A正确。20.C句意为“她们学到的经验可能与在学校得到的并

无区别(differentfrom),但一定更加个性化,更有意义,因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。beharmfulto对……有害;bemixedwith与……混合;beappliedto应用于。