【文档说明】Unit 4 Section Ⅲ　Grammar——过去分词作定语和宾语补足语-（新教材）高中英语人教版必修2 .doc，共(7)页，105.000 KB，由小喜鸽上传

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1SectionⅢGrammar——过去分词作定语和宾语补足语语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟`1.Beforetheshow，hundredsofexcitedvisitorswaitedintheirseats

eagerly.2．Comeandreadthepoemwrittenbyaneight-year-oldboy!3．Ifeltmyselfoftenconfusedatfirst.4．Shehadherpai

ntingboxedsoitwasdeliveredsafely.1.例句1中的excited为单个的过去分词作定语，一般放在被修饰词语之前。2．例句2中的writtenbyaneight-year-oldboy为过去分词短语作定语，须放在被修饰的词语

之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。3．例句3中的过去分词confused作动词felt的宾语补足语。4．例句4中的过去分词boxed作动词had的宾语补足语。过去分词(pastparticiple)是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。一、过去分

词作定语1．意义及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。(1)表示被动和完成apollutedriver一条被污染的河流2thewateredflowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表

示被动fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳2．位置单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。Awatchedpotneverboils.[谚语]心急锅不开。The

studentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.＝Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。3．现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词

作定语时，表被动或完成。形式语态时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行Thecarbelongingtomyunclewasstolenlastweek.我叔叔的那辆车上周被盗了。Thebridgebui

ltin2013wasdesignedbyalocalcompany.2013年建造的这座大桥是由一家当地公司设计的。4．难点突破三种非谓语形式作定语所表示的内涵：done被动的动作已经完成beingdone被动的动作正在发生tob

edone被动的动作将要发生Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.昨天开的会很重要。Allthemembersoftheteamhaveattendedthemeetingbeingheld.所有的队员都出席了正在举行的会议。3Itis

saidthatthereisameetingtobeheldinthehalltomorrow.据说明天这个大厅有个会议要举行。[即时训练1]单句语法填空①Someofthepeopleinvited(invite)tothepartycan'tcome.②Theroo

misemptyexceptforabookshelfstanding(stand)inonecorner.③Thetreesblown(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.二、过去分词

作宾语补足语1．过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语的关系过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.他看着电视机被搬出了房间。Lastye

artheyhadthehouserebuilt.去年他们让人重建了房子。[即时训练2]单句语法填空①You'dbetterhaveyourshoesmended(mend)．②Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaught(teach)thepian

o.2．几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，lookat，hear，listento，feel，notice，think等。IheardthesongsunginEn

glish.我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。Whenwegottoschool，wesawthedoorlocked.当我们到学校时，看见门锁着。(2)表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。Theymanagedtomaket

hemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用了很简易的英语以使别人听懂。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。[名师点津]4“have＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示三种含义：①表示“让某人做某事”

I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要去理发。②表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的钱包被偷了。③做某事(主语可能参与其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek.上周，我修补了房子。(3)表示“希望、要

求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn'twishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这

样的问题。Thepolice，findingthefilmunhealthy，ordereditbanned.警察发现这部电影不健康，令其禁演。[即时训练3]单句语法填空①Isawanoldmanknocked(knock)downbyacar.②I'

dlikethejobdone(do)whenIcomebackfromthejourney.③Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimselfheard(hear)．3．“w

ith＋宾语＋过去分词”结构在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语，这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。Withwaterheated，wecanseethesteam.

水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。Shestoodinfrontofhim，withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。[即时训练4]单句语法填空①Anoldmanwasbroughtin，withhish

andstied(tie)behindhisback.②Withalltheworkdone(do)，Ifeelveryrelaxednow.4．过去分词/现在分词/不定式作宾语补足语的区别5(1)感官动词

后接复合宾语的比较感官动词(短语)(一感：feel；二听：hear，listento；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)：see＋宾语＋doingsth.看见„„正在做„„dosth.看见„„做

了„„（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系）done看见„„被做（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系）IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动，完成)Iheardhersing

inganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动，正在进行)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearE

nglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该发现机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。(被动，无时间性)(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep，let后加复合宾语的比较(以make，have为例)：①make＋

宾语＋dosth.让„„做某事（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系）done让„„被做（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系）Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。Hetried

tomakehimselfunderstood.他尽量使自己被理解。6②have＋宾语＋dosth.使„„做某事doingsth.使„„持续做某事（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系）done使„„被做/遭受（宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系）have还可用于have

sth.todo结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有很紧急的事要通知你们。(3)with复合结构中补足语的比较withsb./sth.doing

（表示主动、进行）sth.done（表示被动、完成）sth.todo（表示主动、将来）Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请

函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle，thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.因为有很多难题

要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。[即时训练5]单句语法填空①IheardanEnglishsongbeingsung(sing)byalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.②Theboymadethebaby

laugh(laugh)bymakingafaceathim.③Shefellasleepwiththelightburning(burn)．Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproductsdeveloped(develop

)aftergreateffort.2．Thisisthestatueofabravesoldierseated(seat)onahorse，withagunonhisback.3．Thecarsbeingsold(sell)atthemarket

nowaremadeinShanghai.74．Theairporttobecompleted(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.5．Thepolicewill

comesoontotakeawaythedamaged(damage)car.6．Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica，Dr.Leewasveryhappyt

oseehismothertaken(take)goodcareofathome.7．Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearitbeingperformed(perfor

m)liveisquiteanother.8．Georgetelephonedamancalling(call)himselfPeter.9．Thenewbooksbeingprinted(print)inthefactoryatthemomentaremainlyintendedforch

ildren.10．Theyoungman，tired(tire)ofworkingforothers，isdeterminedtostarthisownfirm.Ⅱ.句型转换1．Thoseplantsar

enotsuitableforthatpartofthegarden.Theymustbepulledup.→Thoseplantsarenotsuitableforthatpartofthegarden.Imu

stget/havethempulledup．2．ThoughI'velearntEnglishforyears，Istillcan'tmakepeopleunderstandmequitewell.→ThoughI'velearntEnglishforyears，Istil

lcan'tmakemyselfunderstoodquitewell.3．I'lljustwashthedishesandthenI'llcome.→I'lljustget/havethedisheswashedandthenI'llcome.4．Iwon'thear

anyonesayanythingagainsthimbehindhisback.→Iwon'thearanythingsaidagainsthimbehindhisback.5．Afterthehurricane，Isawlotsofhouseswhose

roofshadbeenblownoff.→Afterthehurricane，Isawlotsofhouseswithroofsblownoff．