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阅读提速练(三)(建议用时：40分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2017·四川绵阳第二次诊断)Whilemoneycan’ttechnica

llybuyhappiness，itcanbuyyouamood­lifting,outlook­improvingvacation.Haven’tmadeplansyettoskiptownthiswinter?Th

esemoney-savingtraveltipscanhelpyoubookthedestinationofyourchoiceandenjoyyourtimethere—withoutbreakingthebank.

1．FLYTHECOOPFASTIfyou’replanningtosetoffforanadventurerightaway,trytheGTFO(GetTheFlightOut)app.Itliststhecheapestround-tripflightsdep

artingfromyourlocalairportthatdayorbythenextmorning.Atpresstime，airfarewasdown12percentfromlastAugustandround­tripticketsfordomesticflightsaverage

d$218.2．SNAGADISCOUNTERHOTELROOMIfAirbnbisn’tyourstyle,reservemarked­downaccommodationsonTingo.com,whichlistsalmostalltherooms

inmorethan155，000locationsworldwide.AfteryoubookaPriceDroproom，thesitemonitorsratesuntil，typically，24to48

hoursbeforecheck­in.Ifthepricedrops，Tingorefundsyouthedifference.3．LIVEITUPLOCALLYIfyou’replanningastaycation(宅度假)thisw

inter，tryanaffordableescapeclosetohome.ThefreeappHotelTonightofferslodging(旅馆)dealsinmorethan100U．S.andCanadiancitiesan

dregions,andhasalocation­basedfeaturethatgivesextrasavingsonalreadydiscountedpricesonspotsclosesttoyou.Samedaypricesfallevenlowe

rafter6p．m.1．TheGTFOappismostusefultothosewho________．A．takearegularbusinesstripB．seekalast­minutetravelC．can’taffordacomforta

bletravelD．planashort­distanceflight2．Theunderlinedword“marked­down”inParagraph3means“________”．A．highlighte

dB．writtenC．discountedD．scored3．WhatcanweinferabouttheappHotelTonight?A．OnlytheU．S.nativescanuseit.B．Itsdeals

includethewholeAmerica.C．Pricesstaythesamewithinaday.D．Itsservicesvaryfromplacetoplace.B(2017·安徽江南十校联考)Wheneverthewo

rd“hero”comestome,IimmediatelythinkofthreeHs:honorable,hardworking,andhappy.WhenIthinkmoreaboutthiswords,Ipicturesomeonewhohas

accomplishedgoodthingsforpeopleandtriestodotherightthing.HattieElizabethAlexanderisonepersonwhomIfindtobeveryheroic.HattiewasborninBaltimore,Ma

rylandonApril5，1901.DuringhertimeatcollegesheearnedherBachelor’sDegreeinBacteriologyandPhysiology.Thesewerejustthefirststepstoward

whatshewasfinallygoingtoberememberedfor.AftercollegeHattieattendedJohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicineandreceivedhermedicaldegree.Afterhered

ucation,shepursuedhercareer,andaftermuchtimeandhardwork,shedrasticallyreducedthenumberofinfants(幼儿)dyingfrommen

ingitis(脑膜炎)．Hattiewasverydedicatedtoherworkandhelpedatasmanylocationsasshecould.Spendingsubstantial(大量的)timeinthelaboratory,Hatties

uccessfullydevelopedacureagainstthedisease,whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent.Atthesametime,shewasalsoateacherworkingwithColumbiaUniversity.Sh

ewasacaringladyinterestedinotherpeople’slives.WhenshewasteachingatColumbiaUniversity,othermemberswouldtalktoheraboutstudentsthatwerefailingtheirc

lasses,andsomehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.Later,Hattieb

ecameaninstructorinPediatricsatNewYorkCity’sBabiesHospital.Aftermanyhonors,shebecamethefirstwomanpresidentoftheAmerica

nPediatricSocietyin1965.Thiswasherlastmajorachievement,forsoonafter,HattiediedofcanceronJune24，1968.Hatti

eismyherobecauseherpositiveattitudeandstrengthhelpedheraccomplishgreatthingsforothers.Shegavethemherstrengthbydevelopingmedic

inesagainstdiseases,which,bydoingso,madethemstronger.ThisiswhatmakesHattieElizabethAlexandermyhero.4．Accordingtothepassage,Hat

tieElizabethAlexander________．A．receivedherBachelor’sDegreeinJohnsHopkinsSchoolB．spentallhertimeinthelaboratorydevelopingcuresforillnessesC．caredalot

aboutothers’privatelivesD．alwaystriedherbesttohelppreventstudentsfromdroppingoutofcollege5．TheunderlinedwordinParag

raph3probablymeans“________”．A．slightlyB．hardlyC．greatlyD．totally6．Hattieisconsideredtobeaherobytheauthorinthat________．A．shewasanhonorable,ha

rdworkingandhappypersonB．shewasaverydedicatedwomandoctorwithmanyhonorsC．shewasacaringladywhohelpedmany

studentsfinishcollegeD．shewasthefirstwomanpresidentoftheAPS7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitlefort

hetext?A．AnHonorableWomanB．AWomanAccomplishingGreatThingsC．MyHero—HattieElizabethAlexanderD．TheFirstWomanPresidentoftheAPSC(2017·江西师

大附中临川一中联考)Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:keepingamoderatediet,engaginginr

egularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity?Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournalofthe

AmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobe

atleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactiveandlessneurotic(神经质的)thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomoreli

kelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionaryth

eory:thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtime.Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightco

nsideradvantageoushavenoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantsarelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoaremoreself­disciplined

,forinstance,arenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also,beingopentonewideashavenorelationshipwithlonglife，wh

ichmightexplainallthosebad­temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonali

tyasanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife,youshouldstrivetobeasoutgoin

gaspossible.Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother’spersonalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Tha

tstudylookedatnearly28，000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeed

theirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe’readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdying

younger.Personalityisn’tdestiny,andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn’tjustamatterofyourphysica

lhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.8．Accordingtotheauthor，outgoingandsympatheticpeople________．A．haveagoodunderstandingofevolutionB．are

probablymoreactiveandneuroticC．aremorelikelytorecoverfromhardshipD．generallyappearmoreresourceful9．Whatfindingoft

hestudymightbeoutofourexpectation?A．Helpfulpeoplecanlivearelativelylonglife.B．Beingself­disciplinedmakesnodiffe

rencetolongevity.C．Readinesstoacceptnewideasoffersmorepossibilitytoenjoylongevity.D．Personalitycharacteri

sticsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimes.10．WhatdoestherecentstudyofNorwegianmothersshow?A．Mothers’depressionmayaffecttheirchildr

en’slifespans.B．Peoplewithunhealthyeatinghabitsarelikelytodieatayoungage.C．Mothersmayhavealongerinfluenceonchildrenthanfat

hers.D．Children’spersonalitycharacteristicsarealwaysshapedbytheirmothers.11．Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?A．An

xietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone’slifespan.B．Aperson’slifestyleislargelyrelatedtohisorherhealth.C．Personalityplaysadecisive

andsignificantroleinhowhealthyoneis.D．Amixtureofmentalandphysicalhealthproduceslongevity.D(2017·陕西宝鸡检测二)YoumaythinkthatEnglishspe

akingcompetitionsaredominatedbyEnglishmajors,andthatcollegestudentsfromothermajorsdon’tstandachanceofwinning.Butthisyear’sC

hinaDaily“21stCentury·Coca­ColaCup”NationalEnglishSpeakingCompetitionprovidedstrongevidencetothecontrary.Thecompetit

iondrewtoanendonMarch20atBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.NoneofthetopthreecontestantswereEnglishmajors.The

grandchampion,ZhuXue,isamedicalstudentfromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.Andtherunners­upnamedCaiYaofromBeijingForeign

StudiesUniversityandLiZehanfromtheChineseUniversityofHongKongarebothlawstudents.ChenMengzhufromNewYorkUniversityShanghaiwonth

efourthplaceandwillbeheadingtoLondoninMaytocompeteintheInternationalPublicSpeakingCompetitiononbehalfofChina.Andguesswhat?ChenisnotanEngl

ishmajoreither.Sheisasciencestudent,majoringininteractivemediaart.Theiradvantagesmaylieintheuniquequalitiesandexperiencesthatcomewiththeirma

jors.Forexample,Zhumanagedtokeepacoolheadthroughoutthecompetition,askillprobablyhoned(磨炼)inhertrainingas

amedicalstudent.Shewasevencalmaftershewonthechampionship.QuWeiguo,aFudanUniversityprofessorandoneoftheco

mpetition’sjudges,believesit’snosurprisethatstudentslikeZhusurged(蜂拥而来)ahead.“Englishmajorsmaybesuperiorattheirlanguageskills,buttheymaylacktheknowle

dgefromotherfieldstosupporttheirspeechandenrichtheirarguments，”hesaid.Throughoutthepast20years,contestantsatthecompetitionhavetransi

tioned(变迁)fromfocusingsolelyonlanguageskillstoplacingmoreemphasisonthecontentofthespeeches.12．Theund

erlinedword“dominated”inParagraph1refersto“________”．A．permittedB．controlledC．hostedD．taught13．Whowonthefirstplacei

nthelatestNationalEnglishSpeakingCompetition?A．ChenMengzhufromNewYorkUniversityShanghai.B．CaiYaofromBeijingForeignStudiesUnivers

ity.C．ZhuXuefromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.D．LiZehanfromtheChineseUniversityofHongKong.14．Accordingtothepassage,what

shouldEnglishmajorcompetitorspaymoreattentiontointhefuture?A．Thecontentofthespeeches.B．AgoodcommandofEnglishlang

uage.C．Skillsofmakingaspeech.D．Acoolhead.15．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP：CentralPointP：PointSp：Sub-poin

t(次要点)C：Conclusion第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2017·青岛检测)WhatisEco-fashi

on?Eco-fashionisaboutmakingclothesthattakeintoaccounttheenvironment,thehealthofconsumersandtheworkingconditionsofpeopleinth

efashionindustry.16．________Firstly,theproductionoftextiles(纺织品)pollutestheenvironmentheavily.Cotton-pl

antingusespesticides(杀虫剂);sheep-farmingandwool-cleaningcontributetoglobalwarming.Secondly,everystageofclothingproductionhasasign

ificanteffectontheenvironment.Theyalluseagreatdealofenergy,andsomealsoinvolvechemicalswhichevidentlydoharmtothesurroundings.17._

_______Thirdly,growingconsumptionlevelsandourshoppinghabitsfurtherworsenthebadeffects.Wearenowsoquicktothrowawayclothesthathavebee

nwornonlyacoupleoftimes.18．________Toalargedegree,itisthefashionproducersthatreallyhavethepowerandtheresponsibilitytoshapeourfuture.T

herearenumerouswaysinwhichtheseproducerscanreducetheirecologicalfootprint,fromswitchingtogreenenergyandredu

cingenergyuse,throughselectingsustainable(可持续的，不破坏环境的)materialsandchoosinglocalsuppliers,torecycleandminimizewaste

.19.________Thereissomeconcernthateco­friendlyfashionsarejustatrendthatwewilleventuallygrowtiredofbutinfact,moreandmorepeopleareconcerningaboutthis

andwecanmakesurethatdoesn’thappen.20.________A．Then,howtosolvetheproblems?B．Theyrelatedirectlytoourpersonalh

ealth.C．Becausechoosingeco­fashioncanalsocontributetoourpersonalhealth,thoughitismostlydonebywayofkeepingthehe

althoftheplanet.D．Inadditiontothis,thereisalotofwasteproducedintheprocess,especiallyintheformofpollutedwater.E．Thefashionindustryhasdevelopedquickl

y.F．Ontheotherhand,asconsumerswecanallmakecontributionsbyselectingenvironmentallyfriendlyclothingandreducingclothingco

nsumption.G．Acloserlookatthefashionindustrypointsoutmanyproblems.阅读提速练(三)第一节【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。利用网站和应用软件可以享受到便宜便捷的冬季旅游。

文章介绍了有此功能的两个应用软件和一个网站。1．B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Ifyou’replanningtosetoffforanadventurerightaway,trytheGTFO(GetTheFlightOut)app.”可知，GTF

O是一款针对临时才定下来要去旅行的人的应用软件，故B项正确。2．C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的标题“SNAGADISCOUNTERHOTELROOM”并结合画线词后的“accommodationsonTingo...bookaPriceDroproom”可以判断

，画线词意为“降价的，打折的”，此处表示在Tingo网站上预订打折的房间，故C项正确。3．D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句可知，HotelTonight软件涉及美国和加拿大的一百多个城市和地区，其价格和服务具有地方特色；据此可以判断，HotelTonig

ht软件中的服务在各地是不一样的，故D项正确。4－7.DCAC【解题导语】文章介绍与长寿相关的研究，探究影响长寿的因素。8．C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句．..thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpot

herscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtime.可知，爱交友(外向)及乐于助人(有同情心)的人在困难时会有足够的资源助其渡过难关。故选C项。9．B解析：

细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，我们认为某些性格特征可能有益于长寿，然而事实并非如此，比如自律和长寿无关，这点出乎我们的意料。故选B项。10．A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，母亲的抑郁情绪会影响孩子的寿命。故选A项。11．D解析：推理判断题。根据

文章最后一句可知，长寿与否受身体健康和心理健康两方面的影响。由此可知选D项。[导学号：65294065]【解题导语】人们可能会认为英语演讲比赛应该是英语专业学生的天下，但是中国日报社“21世纪·可口可乐杯”全国英语演讲比赛结果有力地证明了这种

看法是错误的。本文介绍了获奖学生，分析了出现这种结果的原因，并给出建议：英语专业的学生要多关注演讲的内容。12．B解析：词义猜测题。permit意为“允许”；control意为“控制；掌控”；host意为“主办；主持”；teach意为“教”。第一段第一句中提到来自其他专业的大学生

都没有赢得英语演讲比赛的机会，由此可知，人们可能会认为英语演讲比赛都是英语专业的人获胜，也就是英语专业的人占有优势，这和control的意思相符，故选B项。13．C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，冠

军是来自上海交通大学医学专业的朱雪。故选C项。14．A解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段一位复旦大学教授的话可知，英语专业的学生在语言技巧方面可能比较优秀，但是他们可能缺乏其他领域的知识来支撑他们的演讲和丰富他们的观点。最后一段指出：在过去的

20年里，参加比赛的竞争者已经从仅仅注重语言技巧转变到更多地强调演讲的内容。根据这些信息可以推出英语专业的参赛者在将来应该更多地注意演讲的内容，故选A项。15．B解析：推理判断题。分析文章结构可以发现，本文是总—分—总结构。第一段

提出英语专业学生没有获得英语演讲比赛这一主题，下面三段利用事例来支持观点并分析原因，最后一段得出结论并指出英语专业的学生以后应该多注意演讲的内容。故选B项。第二节16－20.GDAFC