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1动词的时态和语态Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2018·浙江台州期末考试)We____________(reduce)emissionofairpollutantsinrecentyears，butcarsarestillmajorsourceofth

em.havereduced/havebeenreducing解析：由句中的时间状语inrecentyears可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。2．(2018·浙江金、丽、衢十二校联考)IjustgraduatedfromWestCoa

stUniversity.I____________(receive)jobskilltrainingjustbeforethat,butIhadneverworked.hadreceived解析：此处根据justbeforethat可知，我

在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。3．(2018·浙江金华十校模拟)Doctorsandscientists____________(learn)agreatdealaboutsleepinthelastthirtyyears.havelearne

d解析：根据inthelastthirtyyears可知，本句应用现在完成时。4．(2018·合肥第一次检测)It’sfunforamateurstotry,buttobecomegoodatit,notonlyyearsofpracticebutalsonaturalt

alent____________(need)．isneeded解析：考查主谓一致和被动语态。“notonly...butalso...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。na

turaltalent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用isneeded。5．(2018·郑州质量预测)Agroupofpeopleparaded(游行)throughthevillage,twoofthemdressedasalion,g

oingintoeveryhometoperformasongforgoodfortune.I____________(attract)bythisandfollowedthegroup,takingphotostos

harewithmyfamily.wasattracted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语I和动词attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6．(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)Therearemanydifferenttabo

os(禁忌)aroundtheworld.Atabooisasocialactionthatisnot____________(allow)．allowed解析：考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指asocialaction，和

动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。7．(2018·河北七所名校联考)Themarket，which____________(call)TrainNightMarketRatchadainEnglis

h,wasopenedinJanuary2015andhasbecomeapopularspotforlocalsandtourists.iscalled解析：考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，

应该用2一般现在时；which(指代Themarket)与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。8．(2018·浙江嘉兴基础测试)Bythattime，she__________(accept)byYaleUniversityan

dHarvardUniversityintheU．S.hadbeenaccepted解析：根据bythattime可知，此处用过去完成时，she与accept之间为被动关系，故填hadbeenaccepted。9．(2018·福建五校统考)Acco

rdingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschools.Studentsshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso____________(express)theirgreatconcernaboutit

.expressed解析：考查时态。and前后并列时态一致，根据句中showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。10．(2018·江西南昌一模)Atayoungage，he__________(move)toSpainandnowplaysprofessio

nallyfortheFCBarcelona.moved解析：根据时间状语atayoungage可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。Ⅱ单句改错1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthefresh

vegetables!____________________came→comes解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用comes。2．(2016·四川卷短文改错)BothDadandIplanned

todosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinthemorning.__________________get→got解析：根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一

般过去时。3．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调研)Finally,Iworkharderthaneverandmadegreatprogressinmymath.____________________work→worked解析：由后面

的made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。4．(2018·西安九校联考)Today,atthelocalconveniencestorewhereIwork,anelderlymanwithaguidedogcomein.__________________come→ca

me解析：考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。35．(2018·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)Thismorning，Igotanemailfromthelibrary.Itsaidthebo

okIreservedwasreadytobepickingup.______________picking→picked解析：考查动词语态。根据语境可知，pickup和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。6．(2018·安徽百所重点高

中模拟)It’snotthepeopleyoucameacrossinyourdailylifewhowillstandbyyouintimeofneed.___________________came→come解析：

根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。7．(2018·山东省部分重点中学第一次调研)Tiredofsleepingonthefloor,ayoungmaninTe

heranboughtarealbed.Itwasthefirsttimethathehavebecometheproudownerofabed.____________________have→had解析：Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.为固定句型。8．(

2018·洛阳统一考试)WhenDadcamehome,henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathashappened.____________________has→had解析：考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去

的过去。9．(2018·贵阳监测)OnceIwenttothemarketwithmymumforabigdinneronSaturday.Whenwewerewalkingpastthestalls，aloud

noisewascaughtmyattention.____________________删除was解析：考查动词语态。主语aloudnoise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。10．(2018·福建福州十三中期中考

试)TodayI’vegotwonderfulnewstotellyou.IhadbeenofferedajobatacompanyinEnglandformygoodperformance._______

_____________had→have解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。Ⅲ语法与写作1．那是我第一次见到外国人。我感到很兴奋，就走上前去向他说了声“hello”。(thefirsttime,see,foreigner,excited,goup,say“

hello”to)____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________4答案：ThatwasthefirsttimethatIhadseenaforeigner.Feelingverye

xcited,Iwentupandsaid“hello”tohim.2．据报道，这个城市附近将建立一个大的化工厂，许多市民强烈反对。(itisreportedthat,alargechemicalfac

tory,citizens,beopposedto)____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________答案：Itisreportedthatalargechemicalfactorywillbebuiltn

earthecityandthatmanycitizensareopposedtoit.3．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing,flight,delay,couple)______________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________答案：Owingtobadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.4．明天的这个时候我们就会在一起高兴地交谈。我急不可待地想见到你。(talktogetherhappil

y,can’twaitto)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________答案：We’llbetalkingtogetherhappilyatthistimetomorrowandIcan’twaittoseeyo

u.5．近来，我一直都在为即将到来的考试做准备，我感到身心疲惫。(preparefor,exhausted,physicallyandmentally)_____________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________答案：Ihavebeenpreparingforthecomingexamsrecently,andIfeele

xhaustedphysicallyandmentally.