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1动词的时态和语态Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2018·浙江台州期末考试)We____________(reduce)emissionofairpollutantsinrecentyears，butcarsarestil

lmajorsourceofthem.havereduced/havebeenreducing解析：由句中的时间状语inrecentyears可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。2．(2018·浙江金、丽、衢十二

校联考)IjustgraduatedfromWestCoastUniversity.I____________(receive)jobskilltrainingjustbeforethat,butIhadneverworke

d.hadreceived解析：此处根据justbeforethat可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。3．(2018·浙江金华十校模拟)Doctorsandscientists____________(learn)agreat

dealaboutsleepinthelastthirtyyears.havelearned解析：根据inthelastthirtyyears可知，本句应用现在完成时。4．(2018·合肥第一次检测)It’sfunforamat

eurstotry,buttobecomegoodatit,notonlyyearsofpracticebutalsonaturaltalent____________(need)．isneeded解析：

考查主谓一致和被动语态。“notonly...butalso...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。naturaltalent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用isneede

d。5．(2018·郑州质量预测)Agroupofpeopleparaded(游行)throughthevillage,twoofthemdressedasalion,goingintoeveryhometoperformason

gforgoodfortune.I____________(attract)bythisandfollowedthegroup,takingphotostosharewithmyfamily.wasattracted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语I和动词attra

ct之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6．(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)Therearemanydifferenttaboos(禁忌)aroundtheworld.Atabooisasocialactionthatisnot_______

_____(allow)．allowed解析：考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指asocialaction，和动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。7．(2018·

河北七所名校联考)Themarket，which____________(call)TrainNightMarketRatchadainEnglish,wasopenedinJanuary2015andhasbecomeapopularspotforlo

calsandtourists.iscalled解析：考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用2一般现在时；which(指代Themarket)与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。8．(2018·浙江嘉

兴基础测试)Bythattime，she__________(accept)byYaleUniversityandHarvardUniversityintheU．S.hadbeenaccepted解析：根据bythattime可知，此处用过去完成时，sh

e与accept之间为被动关系，故填hadbeenaccepted。9．(2018·福建五校统考)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschools.

Studentsshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso____________(express)theirgreatconcernaboutit.expressed解析：考查时态。and前后并列

时态一致，根据句中showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。10．(2018·江西南昌一模)Atayoungage，he__________(move)toSpainandnowplaysprofessionallyfortheFCBa

rcelona.moved解析：根据时间状语atayoungage可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。Ⅱ单句改错1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Whensummercame,theywillinv

itetheirstudentstopickthefreshvegetables!____________________came→comes解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用comes。2．(2

016·四川卷短文改错)BothDadandIplannedtodosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinthemorning.__________________get→got解析：根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，

故应用一般过去时。3．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调研)Finally,Iworkharderthaneverandmadegreatprogressinmymath.____________________work→wor

ked解析：由后面的made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。4．(2018·西安九校联考)Today,atthelocalconveniencestorewhereIwork,anelde

rlymanwithaguidedogcomein.__________________come→came解析：考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。35．(2018·安徽师大附中高三阶段

性测试)Thismorning，Igotanemailfromthelibrary.ItsaidthebookIreservedwasreadytobepickingup.______________picking→picked解析：考查动词

语态。根据语境可知，pickup和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。6．(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)It’snotthepeopleyoucameacrossinyourdailylifewhowillsta

ndbyyouintimeofneed.___________________came→come解析：根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。7．(2018·山东省部分重点中学第一次调研)Tire

dofsleepingonthefloor,ayoungmaninTeheranboughtarealbed.Itwasthefirsttimethathehavebecometheproudownerofabed._____________

_______have→had解析：Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.为固定句型。8．(2018·洛阳统一考试)WhenDadcamehome,henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathasha

ppened.____________________has→had解析：考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。9．(2018·贵阳监测)OnceIwenttothemarketwithmymumfo

rabigdinneronSaturday.Whenwewerewalkingpastthestalls，aloudnoisewascaughtmyattention.____________________删除was解析：考查动词语态。主语aloudno

ise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。10．(2018·福建福州十三中期中考试)TodayI’vegotwonderfulnewstotellyou.IhadbeenofferedajobatacompanyinEnglandformygoodperformance.___

_________________had→have解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。Ⅲ语法与写作1．那是我第一次见到外国人。我感到很兴奋，就走上前去向他说了声“hello”。(thefirst

time,see,foreigner,excited,goup,say“hello”to)__________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________4答案：ThatwasthefirsttimethatIhadseenaforeigner.Feelingveryexcited,Iwentupandsa

id“hello”tohim.2．据报道，这个城市附近将建立一个大的化工厂，许多市民强烈反对。(itisreportedthat,alargechemicalfactory,citizens,beopposedto)___

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____答案：Itisreportedthatalargechemicalfactorywillbebuiltnearthecityandthatmanycitizensareopposedtoit.3．由于

天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing,flight,delay,couple)_____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________答案：Owingtobadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofh

ours.4．明天的这个时候我们就会在一起高兴地交谈。我急不可待地想见到你。(talktogetherhappily,can’twaitto)_____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：We’llbet

alkingtogetherhappilyatthistimetomorrowandIcan’twaittoseeyou.5．近来，我一直都在为即将到来的考试做准备，我感到身心疲惫。(preparefor,ex

hausted,physicallyandmentally)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______答案：Ihavebeenpreparingforthecomingexamsrecently,andIfeelexhaustedphysicallyandmentally.