【文档说明】北京市海淀区2020届高三下学期查漏补缺 英语试题（含答案）.doc，共(11)页，68.500 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-68075.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

海淀区2019-2020学年高三年级考前查漏补缺题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示

词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABooksweremytruefriendsbackthen.Iwasso1(thank)thattheauthorswrotethosebooks.Thek

indnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.After2(survive)terribleexperiencesatschoolandathome,Imadeachoicetotaketheoptimistic,positiveroadi

nthenextstepsofmyjourney.Mydreamcareer,oneIthoughtwasonlypossiblefortheauthorsIloved,is3Iamdoingnow.Ih

avebeenafull-timeauthorofteennovelssince2007andamgratefulforthisamazingopportunitytoreachouttoreaderseverysingleday.B

It’sapopular4(believe)thatfishcan’trememberanythingforlongerthansevenseconds.Itmayseemsadtothinkthattheydon’trememberwhatt

hey’veeatenor5they’vebeen,andtheydon’trecognizeyouoranyoftheirfriends–everymomentintheirliveswouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttim

e.Butdon’tbesoquicktofeelsorryforthem.Arecentstudy6(find)thatfishhavemuch7(good)memoriesthanweusedtothink.Infact,certainspe

ciesoffishcanevenremembereventsfromaslongas12daysago.CIhonestlybelievethere’sadangerthatthemoreconnectedweare,themoreisolatedwefeel

.Idon’tthinkthisissuchanissueformygenerationwho’velived8technologyforsolong.Weknowhowtobealoneand,moreim

portantly,weknowthatit’sOKtobealone.9theunder20sareanotherkettleoffish.They’resobusy(communicate)thattheyneverex

periencethefeelingofsolitudeandruntheriskofnotlearninghowtoenjoytheirowncompany.Inaddition,they’relearningconversationthroughmess

agesthatcan10(edit)andchangedattheexpenseoflearningtheartofrealconversationinrealtimewiththepersoninfro

ntofyou.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。―Hi!‖Stellershouted.―I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircut

s.Doyouwantonerightnow?‖Themanlookedtobeinhis60s,heavysetandmissingafewteeth.―Actually,‖hesaid,―Ihaveaweddin

gtogoto.Iwasreally11togetahaircut.‖Theman,namedEdward,12satonSteller’sredchair.Shebegantotrimhiscurlygr

ayinghair.Thenhebegantotellherabouthischildhood,aboutmovingheretobeclosertohisadultchildren,andhowhestilltalkstohismomever

yday.Afterthehaircut,Edwardlookedinamirror,exclaiming―Ilook13!I’llremembertoputmy14innexttime.Ilookbetterwithteeth!‖Toda

te,Stellerhasgiven30orsosuchhaircuts.Theseclientsallliveonthemargins(边缘),andsheiskeenlyawareofthe15ofherclean-upjo

b.―It’smorethanahaircut,‖shesays.―Iwantittobeagateway—toshowvalueand16.‖Stellerknowsthatahaircutcanchangealife.Asateen,shesufferedfroma(n)17wh

ichwassoseverethatherhair18drastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.

―Tositdownandhavesomebodytalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeel19aboutandlessalone,‖s

hesays.Afterthat,Stellerdecidedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthe20she’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetology(美容术)school,shebe

ganherRedChairProject,21outtopeopleonthestreets.Althoughshecan’t22theirproblemsbygivingfreehaircuts,shebelievesitmighthel

pthemfeelless23foramoment.Stellerlistenstopeople’s24oflossandstruggletogetbackontheirfeet.Theattentionapparently25.Whenshewascuttingawoman’shair

oneday,someonedrovebyandyelled,―Youlookamazing!‖Thewomaninthechairbeamed.―I’mnot26,‖sheexclaimed.―IthoughtIwasinvisible.Look,peopleseeme!‖AB

ranchoftheRedChairProjectistheStellerKindnessProject,inwhichpeoplewho27actsofkindnessareinvitedforafreemakeover(美容)atSteller’ss

alon.Inexchange,theytelltheirstories,whichSteller28onherwebsite.Herhopeisthatbyreadingaboutkindacts,otherswillbe29tospreadtheirown.Sofar,it’sworki

ng.Anditallbeganwitha(n)30insimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.11.A.hopingB.learningC.promisingD.hesitating12.A.freelyB.gladlyC.patientlyD.v

oluntarily13.A.fitB.uglyC.goodD.silly14.A.feetB.handC.heartD.teeth15.A.energyB.forceC.lengthD.power16.A.rewardB.respectC.sympathyD

.determination17.A.attackB.threatC.accidentD.disease18.A.thinnedB.loosenedC.whitenedD.shortened19.A.caredB.worriedC.knownD.thought20.

A.useB.wayC.needD.reason21.A.runningB.callingC.reachingD.pointing22.A.fixB.faceC.raiseD.present23.A.afraidB.alo

neC.annoyedD.ashamed24.A.complaintsB.explanationsC.desiresD.stories25.A.disappearsB.growsC.worksD.spreads26.A.innocentB.invisibleC.u

nimportantD.uncommon27.A.appreciateB.discoverC.commitD.witness28.A.createsB.enjoysC.sellsD.shares29.A.urgedB.all

owedC.inspiredD.persuaded30.A.beliefB.trustC.investmentD.pleasure第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AGetinvolvedwithourresearchSomeofourresearchprojectsrelyont

hegenerosityofpeoplelikeyou.Whetherit’susingyourhomePC,takingpartinaclinicaltrial,orsimplyvolunteeringyourtimeforastudy,youmaybeabletocontributeto

someoftheground-breakingprojectswhichmaketheUniversityofOxfordaworldleaderinresearch.Watchthisspaceforwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.

SeekingpoorsleepersforinsomniaresearchTroublesleeping?ResearchersfromtheSleep&CircadianNeuroscienceInstituteattheUni

versityofOxfordareevaluatingdifferentinterventionsaimedatimprovingsleep.Wearelookingforpoorsleepersbetweentheagesof18and65.

ParticipationwillinvolvespendingovernightsinthesleeplaboratoryatOxford,monitoringyoursleep/wakecycle,andcompletingco

mputerisedtasks.Dependingonthestudyyouvolunteerfor,youwilleitherundergoanonlineself-helptreatmentprogrammeorlab-basednon-invasive

brainstimulationsessionspriortobedtime.Youwillbereimbursedforyourtime.Ifyouareinterestedintakingpartorwo

uldlikemoreinformation,pleasecontacttheresearchteamdirectlyatinsomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.ukVolunteerswithlazyeyewanted

Wearelookingforvolunteerswithahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanningstudyonhowbinocular(双眼的)visionrel

atestobrainchemistry.Wearelookingforhealthy,fluentEnglishvolunteersaged18-45withahistoryoflazyeye.Youwillalsobeaskedquestio

nsaboutyourmedicalhistorytocheckyoursuitabilityforanMRIscan.Call01865223622formoreinformation.OxfordVaccineGro

upTheOxfordVaccineGroupisanindependentmulti-disciplinaryclinicaltrialsandepidemiologygroup.OVGworkstowardsthegoalofdevelopingnewandimprovedvaccinesfo

rthepreventionofinfectioninadultsandchildren,enhancingtheunderstandingofimmunityandstudyingtheepidemiologyofinfectiousdiseases.Tofindoutwhichres

earchprojectsarecurrentlyrecruitingvolunteers,pleaseseetheOVGwebsiteoremailinfo@ovg.ox.ac.uk.OxfordExperimentallabfortheSoc

ialSciencesTheOxfordInternetInstitute,togetherwiththeBusinessSchool,isrecruitingindividualstoparticipateincomputer-basedexperimentsinvolvingo

nlinesurfingbehavioraswellaseconomicandpoliticaldecision-making.Wepayoursubjectswell,therearenospecialskillsrequiredandyoudon’t

havetobeastudenttotakepart!Contactusatsocialscience.study@ox.ac.ukformoreinformation.31.Whatisthemai

npurposeofthepassage?A.TooffermedicalhelptopatientsB.TolookforexperiencedresearchersC.TointroducenewresearchprogramsD.Torecruit

volunteersforresearchprojects32.ThegoalofOVGisto_______.A.carryoutclinicaltrialsB.producevaccinesagainstvirusesC.learnmoreabout

theimmunesystemD.studytheoccurrenceofinfectiousdiseases33.YoucanfinishtheexperimentonyourhomePCifyoujoin__________.A.OxfordVaccineGroup

B.InsomniaresearchgroupC.OxfordExperimentallabD.BrainScanningstudygroupBTHEOLDFISHERMANOurhousewasdirectlyacrossapopularhospital.Werent

edtheupstairsroomstooutpatientsattheclinic.Onesummerevening,therewasaknockatthedoor.Iopenedittoseeatrulyawfullookingman,hisfacelopsid

edfromswelling,redandraw.Hetoldmehe’dbeenhuntingforaroomsincenoonbuthehadnosuccess.―Iguessit’smyface.Iknowit

looksterrible,butmydoctorsayswithafewmoretreatments…‖ForamomentIhesitated,buthisnextwordsconvincedme

:―Icouldsleepinthisrockingchairontheporch.Mybusleavesearlyinthemorning.‖Itoldhimwewouldfindhimabed,buttorestontheporch.Itdidn’ttakealongtimetose

ethatthisoldmanhadanoversizedheartcrowdedintothattinybody.Hetoldmehefishedforalivingtosupporthisdaughter,

herfivechildren,andherhusband,whowashopelesslycrippledfromabackinjury.Hedidn’ttellitbywayofcomplaint.Hewasgratefulthatnopainaccompaniedhisdisease.Atb

edtime,weputacampcotinthechildren’sroomforhim.WhenIgotupinthemorning,thebedlinenswereneatlyfoldedandthelittlemanwasoutonthepo

rch.Beforeheleftforhisbus,haltingly,hesaid,―CouldIpleasecomebackandstaythenexttimeIhaveatreatment?Icansleepfineinachair.‖Hepausedamomentandthenadded,

―Yourchildrenmademefeelathome.Grownupsarebotheredbymyface,butchildrendon’tseemtomind.‖Itoldhimhewaswelcometocomeagain.Intheyears

hecametostayovernightwithus.Therewasneveratimethathedidnotbringusfishoroystersorvegetablesfromhisgarden.WhenIreceivedthesel

ittleremembrances,Ioftenthoughtofacommentournext-doorneighbormadeafterheleftthatfirstmorning.―Youcanloseroomer

sbyputtingupsuchpeople!‖Maybewedidloseroomersonceortwice.Butoh!Ifonlytheycouldhaveknownhim,perhapstheirillnesseswouldhavebeen

easiertobear.Iknowourfamilyalwayswillbegratefultohaveknownhim;fromhimwelearnedwhatitwastoacceptthebadwithoutcomplaintandthegoodwithgratitude.34.Whe

ntheoldfishermanstayedovernight,theauthor’schildren________________.A.werebotheredB.wereterrifiedC.feltnormalD.felt

athome35.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutthefisherman?A.Heisbothtallandstrong.B.Hehasfivegrandchildren.C.Hei

spessimisticaboutlife.D.Hesuffersfromabackinjury.36.Theoldfishermangavetheauthorfishesandoystersbecausehe________.A.wantedt

heauthortobuythem.B.wantedtopaytherentwiththem.C.hadfishedtoomanyfishesandoysters.D.wantedtoshowhisthankfulnesstothe

author.37.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.B.Littlestrokesfellgreatoaks.C.Staypositive,staygrateful.D.Honestyisthebestpolicy.C

Althoughithasbeenrevealedinrecentyearsthatplantsarecapableofseeing,hearingandsmelling,theyarestillusuallythoughtofassilent.Butnow,fo

rthefirsttime,theyhavebeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisiona

griculturewherefarmerslistenforwater-starvedcrops.ItzhakKhaitandhiscolleaguesatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelfoundthattomatoandtobaccoplantsmadecriesatfr

equencieshumanscannothearwhenstressedbyalackofwaterorwhentheirstemiscut.Microphonesplaced10centimetresfromtheplantspick

edupsoundsintheultrasonicrangeof20to100kilohertz,whichtheteamsaysinsectsandsomemammalswouldbecapableofhearingandrespondingtofromasfaras5

metresaway.Amothmaydecideagainstlayingeggsonaplantthatsoundswater-stressed,theresearcherssuggest.Plantscoul

devenhearthatotherplantsareshortofwaterandreactaccordingly,theyspeculate.Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsmade35so

undsanhour,whiletobaccoplantsmade11.Whenplantstemswerecut,tomatoplantsmadeanaverageof25soundsinthefollowinghour,andtobaccoplants15.U

nstressedplantsproducedfewerthanonesoundperhour,onaverage.Itisevenpossibletodistinguishbetweenthesoundstoknow

whatthestressis.Theresearcherstrainedamachine-learningmodeltodiscriminatebetweentheplants’soundsandthewi

nd,rainandothernoisesofthegreenhouse,correctlyidentifyinginmostcaseswhetherthestresswascausedbydrynessoracut,basedonthesound’sintensityandfr

equency.Water-hungrytobaccoappearstomakeloudersoundsthancuttobacco,forexample.Enablingfarmerstolistenforwater-stressedplantscould―openanewdir

ectioninthefieldofprecisionagriculture‖,theresearcherssuggest.Theyaddthatsuchanabilitywillbeincreasinglyimportantasclimatechangeexposesmoreareast

odrought.―Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureseemsfeasibleifitisnottoocost

lytosetuptherecordinginafieldsituation,‖saysAnneVisscherattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,intheUK.Shewarnsthattheresultscan’tyetbebroadenedouttoothe

rstresses,suchassaltortemperature,becausethesemaynotleadtosounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstosh

owwhethermothsoranyotheranimalcanhearandrespondtothesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推测的）fornow,shesays.38.T

heexperimentbyresearchersatTelAvivUniversityshowsthat_______.A.tobaccoplantsmakeloudersoundsthantomatoplantswhenhurtB.wat

er-hungrytomatoplantsaremoresensiblethantobaccoplantsC.unstressedplantsproducedsoundsoflaughterwhenbeingwateredD.plantsrespondtothesoundstheplantsmak

eandprotectthemselves39.WhatisAnneVisscher’sattitudetowardsthefindingoftheexperiment?A.AppreciativeB.DoubtfulC.CautiousD.Optimistic40.Itcanbelear

ntfromtheresearchthat________.A.greenhouseeffectscanbeavoidedB.soilconditioncanbeadjustedintime.C.plantconditioncanbediagnosedfaster.D.insectscanbed

etectedandremovedeasily.41.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.PlantsGetStressedJustLikeUsB.PlantsScreaminPresenceofStressC.

SoundsofPlantsDetectedFarAwayD.SoundsofPlantsBreakFarmers’HeartsDThefirstpatientwhodiedonmywatchwasanoldermanwithafa

ultyheart—themainpumphadfailedandhisheartwasbeatingirregularlyandfartoofast.Wetriedtoslowitdownwithtreatment

,butitsuddenlystoppedbeatingcompletely.Later,wheneverIwouldhaveacaselikethatone,Ifoundmyselfsecond-guessing

myclinicalmanagement.However,itturnsoutthatthinkingtwicemayactuallycausemoreharmthangood.Inaworkingpaper,EmoryUni

versityresearchersfoundthatwhendoctorsdeliveringababyhaveanadverseoutcome,theyaremorelikelytoswitchtoadifferentdeliverymethodwiththen

extpatient,oftenunnecessarilyandsometimeswithworseresults.Becausedoctorsmakesomanydecisionsthathaveseriousconsequences,thefallout

fromsecond-guessingloomsespeciallylargeforus.A2006studyfoundthatifapatienthadableedafterbeingprescribedwa

rfarin,thephysicianwasabout20%lesslikelytoprescribesubsequentpatientsthebloodthinnerthatpreventsstrokes.However,ifapatienthadastrokeandwas

notonwarfarin,physicianswerestillnomorelikelytoprescribewarfarintotheirotherpatients.Thesefindingshighlightinterestingbehavioralpatternsindoc

tors.Intheblood-thinnerstudy,doctorsweremoreaffectedbytheactofdoingharm(prescribingabloodthinnerthatendeduphurtingapatient)andless

affectedbylettingharmhappen(notprescribingabloodthinnerandthepatienthavingastroke).Yetastrokeisoftenmorepermanentanddamagin

gthanableed.Butthisphenomenonisnotuniquetomedicine.―OverreactiontoFearsomeRisks‖holdstrueforbroadersociety.Forinstance,sensationalheadlin

esaboutsharkattacksonhumansinFloridain2001causedapanicandledthestatetoprohibitshark-feedingexpeditions.Yetsharkattackshadactuallyfallenthatyearand,a

ccordingtothestudy,suchachangewasprobablyunnecessarygiventheextremelysmallriskofsuchanattackhappening.Humansaresuscept

ibletoemotionalandoftenirrationalthinkingwhenprocessinginformation,adverseeventsandmistakes.Asmuchaswedon’t

wanttocauseanunfortunateeventtorecur—inamedicalsettingorinthewiderworld—weneedtobeawarethataworst-casescenariodoe

sn’tnecessarilymeanwedidanythingwrong.Whenweoverthink,wefailtorelyonthinkingbasedonwhatweknoworhaveexperienced.Instead,wemayinadvert

entlyoveranalyzeandcometothewrongconclusion.Ihavetreateddozensofpatientswhopresentedwiththesameillnessesasmyfirstpatient,who

diedmorethanayearago.Insteadofsecond-guessingmyself,Itrustedmyclinicalinstinctandstayedthecourse.Everyoneofthosepati

entssurvived.Youshouldtrustyourinstinctinyourlife,too.42.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat______?A.Badmedicaloutcomesaffectdoctors.B.Deli

veringbabiescanbedifficultwork.C.Somedoctorsarenotveryexperienced.D.Doctorssometimesmakesillymistakes.43.Intheblood-thinnerstudy

,doctors______.A.tendtoprescribelesseffectivemedicineB.aremoreconcernedaboutthepatients’safetyC.believeastrokeismoretreat

ablethanableedingD.becomelessconfidentinwritingcertainprescriptions44.Theauthordevelopshisideamainlyby______.A.givingexamplesB.makingcompariso

nsC.usingmetaphorsD.quotingfamoussayings45.Theauthorwillprobablyagreethat______.A.weshouldn’tdoubtourowndecisionsB.ourex

periencewillpavewayforourfutureC.humansareemotionalandirrationalonthewholeD.instinctsdon’tnecessarilyleadtowrongdire

ctions第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。OptimismBias(偏见)Whileweoftenliketothinkofourselvesashighlyrational

andlogical,researchershavefoundthatthehumanbrainissometimestoooptimisticforitsowngood.Ifyouwereaskedtoes

timatehowlikelyyouaretoexperienceillness,jobloss,oranaccident,youarelikelytounderestimatetheprobabilitythatsucheventswille

verimpactyourlife.46Thisbiasleadsustobelievethatwearelesslikelytosufferfrommisfortuneandmorelikelytoattainsuccessthanrealit

ywouldsuggest.Webelievethatwewilllivelonger,andthatwewillbemoresuccessfulinlifethantheaverage.47Theoptim

ismbiasisessentiallyamistakenbeliefthatourchancesofexperiencingnegativeeventsarelowerandourchancesofexperiencingpositiveeventsarehigherthanth

oseofourpeers.Andthisoverlypositiveassumptiondoesn’tmeanthatwehaveanoverlysunnyoutlookonourownlives.48Peoplemight

skiptheiryearlyphysical,notweartheirseatbelt,orfailtoputonsunscreenbecausetheymistakenlybelievethattheyarelesslikelytogetsick,getinanaccident,or

getskincancer.CognitiveneuroscientistTaliSharot,authorofTheOptimismBias:ATouroftheIrrationallyPositiveBrain,notesthatthisbiasisw

idespreadandcanbeseeninculturesallovertheworld.Sharotalsosuggeststhatwhilethisoptimismbiascanattimesleadtonegativeoutcomeslikefoolishlyengaginginri

skybehaviorsormakingpoorchoicesaboutyourhealth,itcanalsohaveitsbenefits.49Ifweexpectgoodthingstohappen,wearemorelikelytobehappy.Thisoptimismcanactasa

self-fulfillingprophecy.Bybelievingthatwewillbesuccessful,peopleareinfactmorelikelytobesuccessful.50Afterall,ifwedidn’tbelievethatwecouldachie

vesuccess,whywouldweevenbothertrying?Optimistsarealsomorelikelytotakemeasurestoprotecttheirhealthsuchasex

ercising,takingvitamins,andfollowinganutritiousdiet.A.Optimismalsomotivatesustopursueourgoals.B.Butwearealsohighlym

otivatedtobesooptimistic.C.Butdefinitelynoteveryoneisblessedwithsuchluck.D.Thisisbecauseyourbrainhasabuilt-inoptim

ismbias.E.Itcanalsoleadtopoordecision-making,whichcansometimeshavedisastrousresults.F.Thisoptimismenhances

well-beingbycreatingasenseofanticipationaboutthefuture.G.Variouscausesmayleadtotheoptimisticbias,includingcognitiveandmotivationalfa

ctors.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）假如你是高三（1）班班长李华，请你给曾经在你们班交换学习的英国同学Jim写信，让他录制一段视频为同学们加油，在考前班会上播放。邮件内容包括：1.此次班会的目的；2.对视频的要求（时长

，内容......）。注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）探访北京老字号商铺，了解老字号时代变迁,见证传统工艺与现代创意的结合(exploretime-honoredbusine

ssesinBeijing;followthebusinesses’evolutionandwitnessthecombinationoftraditionalcraftsmanshipandmoderndesi

gns)图一：看到“北京印迹•北京老字号探访”活动介绍，积极报名图二：在大栅栏地区参观老字号商铺，听历史文化研究者讲解老字号的历史（传统）图三：参观内联升鞋店，感受传统工艺与现代创意的结合（现代）图四：撰写报告

，抒发感想答案一、语法填空1.thankful2.surviving3.what4.belief5.where6.hasfound7.better8.without9.But10.beedited二、完形填空11.A12.B

13.C14.D15.D16.B17.D18.A19.A20.B21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A三、阅读理解31.D32.B33.C;34.C35.B36.D37.A38.B39.C40.C41.B4

2.A43.D44.A45.D46.D47.C48.E49.F50.A欢迎访问―高中试卷网