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1SectionⅡListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking——LanguagePointsⅠ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示,写出下列单词1.Thebehaviorofmenasindividuals(
个人)isdifferentfromtheirbehaviorinagroup.2.Canyoushowmeanyevidence(证据)foryourstatement?3.Badweatherkepttheshipinport(港口)forthreemored
ays.4.We'llkeepbattling(斗争)awayandhopethatthegoalsstarttocome.5.Mysisterworksinamilitary(军用的)hospital.6.Hemighteasilyhavebeenseenbysomeonewholi
vednearby.7.Weshouldtalkabouttheteam,notaboutdefenceandattack.8.Itisperfectlylegaltochargeextrafortheseservices.9.Willfoundhimselfimmediatelysurr
oundedbyscreamingfans.10.Themapshowstheexactlocationofthecity.Ⅱ.拓展单词根据词性和汉语提示,写出下列单词1.defencen.防御;保卫→defe
ndvt.保护;保卫;为„„辩护2.evidentadj.明显的;明白的→evidencen.证据;证明3.achievevt.完成;成就;取得→achievementn.成就;成绩;达到4.surrou
ndvt.围绕;包围→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn.周围的事物;环境5.locatev.确定„„的地点→locationn.地方;地点;位置[寻规律、巧记忆]1v.+-ment→n.v.+-ion→n.2excitementn.兴奋;刺激
achievementn.成就;功绩entertainmentn.款待;娱乐;娱乐表演liberationn.解放operationn.操作;手术pollutionn.污染Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1.knowabout知道;了解
2.join...to...把„„和„„连接或联结起来3.breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离;背叛;逃脱4.resultin导致5.referto...as提及„„作为„„6.belongto属于7.aswel
las同(一样也);和;还8.besurroundedby被„„包围9.takeover接管;接替10.leavebehind忘带;留下;丢在后面11.makechangesto对„„进行更改12.alltheway一路上;一直;完全13.keepyoureyesopen(for)留心;留意
Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1.Shetookoverhisworkafterhisdeparture.2.SouthAmericaisjoinedtoNorthAmericabyacanal.3.Ibelongtoa
footballclubandplayfootballeverySaturday.4.TomaswellashisparentswenttoHongKongtospendthesummerholiday.5.Nowadaysmanyfarme
rswanttobreakawayfromthelandandmakealivingincities.6.Ifthatsoundslikegoodnews,keepyoureyesopenforyourchancefo
rchange.[寻规律、巧记忆]2v.+to→动词短语动词+...+介词to→动词短语3listento听belongto属于turnto求助于;转向expose...to...使显露;暴露link...to...将„„和„„联系或连接起来compare...to...把„„比作„„背教材
原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用
同一面国旗。过去分词短语作后置定语AtfirsttheEnglish,spokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150,wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokento
day.起初,大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间,英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。2.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdif
ferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方,周围总有迹象表明,在历史上,有四群人在不同时期统治着英国。everywhere引导地点状语从句EverywhereIgoIf
indthesamething.凡我所到之处,均发现同样的事情。3.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses
.他们引进了英语的起源,并改变theway后是省略了that或inwhich的定语从句Idislikethewayyoutreatyourparents.我不喜欢你对待你父母的方式。4了人们建造房屋的方式。join...to...把„„和„„连接
或联结起来(教材P40)Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.16世纪,邻近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。joinin参加;加入joinsb.in(doing)sth.加入某人做某
事;和某人一起做某事①I'msureyouwillallwishtojoinmeinthankingourspeakertonight.我相信大家都愿意和我一起感谢咱们今晚的发言人。②Hewaseighteenyear
soldwhenhejoinedthearmy.他18岁参军。③Theycameoutfortheirmorningexercise.Ialsojoinedin.他们出去做早操,我也参加了。④Theislandi
sjoined(join)tothemainlandbyabridge.岛上有座桥与大陆相连。[明辨异同]joinin/joinjoinin常用于口语,表示参加别人已经在进行的小型活动,其宾语一般是谈话、竞赛、娱乐、游戏等表示活动的名词。如果表示“与某人一起做某事”则用join
sb.indoingsth.。join通常指参加某个组织、党派、团体、军队等,并成为其中一员,宾语往往是thearmy,party,team,club或sb.等。breakaway(fromsb./sth.
)脱离;背叛;逃脱(教材P40)Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK.5最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰的南部脱离了英国。breakdown损坏;分解
;(汽车)抛锚breakin非法闯入;插嘴,打断breakinto破门而入,非法闯入;突然„„起来breakoff打断;折断;中断(说话)breakout(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生,爆发breakthrough冲突;突破breakup分解;分裂①
Johnbrokeawayandranoutside,determinednevertogotoanotherdance.约翰离开(舞伴)跑了出去,决定再也不参加任何舞会了。②Neverbreakinwhileothersaretalking.别人说话的时候千万别插嘴。③Theeleva
torsinthatbuildingarealwaysbreakingdown.那幢楼里的电梯总出故障。④Itwaswrongforhimtobreakawayfromallhisgoodfriends.他和他
所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。belongto属于(教材P40)ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.英国的
这四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。(1)belongin适于;适宜(放在某处)(2)belongingsn.财产;所有物;亲戚①Thegirlfromabigcitycouldnotseemtobelongi
nthecountryside.这位来自大城市的姑娘似乎无法适应农村。②Chinaisadevelopingcountrybelongingtothethirdworld.中国是个发展中国家,属于第三世界。③Havingsold
mostofhisbelongings(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.他已经卖掉了大部分财产,房子里几乎什么都没有留下。[名师点津]belongto用法两注意6belongto中的to是介词,该短语既不能用于被动语
态,也不能用于进行时态;作后置定语时,形式为“...belongingto”。(教材P40)Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmil
itarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,即众所周知的“theUnionJack”。(1)aswellas同(一样也);和;还aswellas连接两种词性、结构对等的成分,如对等名词、动词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式等。重点
掌握以下要点:1)aswellas连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词根据其前面的名词或代词确定。2)aswellas位于句首,相当于besides,inadditionto,后接动词时,用动名词形式
。3)aswellas也可以表示同级比较,意思是“和„„一样好”,well为副词。①Wecanknowmoreaboutthelifeofgreatpeopleaswellashistoryandculturesofothercountries.我们
能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。②Aswellasbeing(be)aphotographer,sheisatalentedmusician.她不但是个摄影师而且还是个天才音乐家。③DashanspeaksChineseas
wellasanativespeaker.大山汉语说得同本地人一样好。④Hiswife,aswellashischildren,wasinvited(invite)tothepartyyesterday.昨天,除了他的孩子们,
他的妻子也被邀请参加这个聚会了。[名师点津]不能使用“A,B,aswellasC”结构,但可使用“AaswellasBandC”或“AandBaswellasC”结构。(2)defencen.防御;保卫1)indefence(of...)为了保卫(„„)2)defendvt.保护;保卫;为
„„辩护defend...from/against...保卫„„以免受„„7⑤Indefenceofournation,manysoldierslosttheirlives.为了保卫我们的国家,很多战士献出了生命
。⑥Theirdutyistodefendthecountryagainst/fromitsenemies.他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人。(教材P40)AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoff
ourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方,周围总有迹象表明,在历史上,有四群人在不同时期统治着英国。(1)surroundvt.围绕;
包围1)besurroundedby...被„„包围、环绕2)surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.和某人/某物在一起3)surroundingadj.周围的;附近的4)surroundingsn.环境①Jillwassittin
gonthefloorsurroundedbyboxes.吉尔坐在地板上,周围摆满了箱子。②I'dliketobringupmychildinhealthysurroundings(surround).我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。③Once
uponatime,akingwhowaspolitetosurroundingcountrieslivedinacastlesurroundedbyalargeforestandhavingwonderfulsurrounding
s.(surround)从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王,他对邻邦十分友好。(2)evidencen.证据;证明1)Thereissome/noevidencethat...(没)有证据证明„„inevidence显眼;显而易见2)evi
dentadj.明显的;明白的It'sevidentthat...很明显„„④There'ssomeevidencethatoutdooractivitiesaregoodforus.有证据证明,户外活动对我们有好处。8⑤Thefirstsi
gnsofspringareinevidence.春天的最初迹象已显而易见。⑥Atpresentwehavenoevidence(evident)oflifeonotherplanets.目前我们没有在其他行星上存在生命的证据。[名师点津]在“Thereissome/no
evidencethat...”句型中,that引导的是同位语从句,说明evidence的具体内容,而且There不可以改为It。keepyoureyesopen(for)留心;留意(教材P41)Ifyoukeepyoureyeso
pen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心的话,你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。keep...freefrom/of使„„免受(影响,伤害等);使„„不含(有害物)keepone'swo
rd守信用;履行诺言breakone'sword失信;食言;失约①Wemustmakesomepracticalmeasurestokeepstudentsfreefromtoomuchhomework.我们必须制定一些切实有效的措施,使学生避免做过多
的作业。②Shesaidshewouldbethereatseveno'clock,andhethoughtshewouldkeepherword.她说她会在7点到达,他认为她会守信用的。③Youcan'tbrea
kyourwordonceyoumakeit.你一旦许诺就不能食言。④Keepyoureyesopenforaboyinaredcapandsweater.你要留心注意一个戴红帽子,身穿红运动衫的小男孩。(教材P40)AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK
,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎无论你走到
英国的哪个地方,周围总有迹象表明,在历史上,有四群人9在不同时期统治着英国。【要点提炼】句中everywhereyougointheUK为everywhere引导的地点状语从句,相当于whereveryougointheUK。引导地点状语从句的连词有:where(在„„地方),wherever
(无论哪里,在任何地方),everywhere(每一„„地方,到处),anywhere(任何地方)。①Whereverthefilmstargoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.这位电影明星所到之处都有成群的
人等着见她。②Youcangoanywhereyoulike.你可以去任何你想去的地方。③Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。(教材P40-41)TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishla
nguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他们引进了英语的起源,并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。【要点提炼】句中theway后为省略了关系词that或inwhich的定语从句。(1)theway后面的定语从句,关系词若在从句中作状语,相当于“用这种
方式/方法(=inthisway)”时,通常不用关系词,偶尔用that,在较正式的文体里才用inwhich来引导。(2)theway后不能用how引导定语从句,但也可以不用way,而直接用how引导的名词性从句来表达这类意思。①Doittheway(that/inwhich)youw
eretaught.要照教你的那样做。②Iwasimpressedbythewayinwhichshedidit.她完成这件事的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。③That'sthewayhedidit.=That'showhedidi
t.他就是这样做的。1.(教材P40)AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimes10througho
uthistory.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句,everywhereyougointheUK为地点状语从句,whotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people。【翻译】几乎无论你走到英国的哪个
地方,周围总有迹象表明,在历史上,有四群人在不同时期统治着英国。2.(教材P41)ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportc
itythathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句,as引导的是一个原因状语从句,thathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes为限
制性定语从句,修饰先行词city,其中现在分词短语datingallthewaybacktoRomantimes作名词history的后置定语。【翻译】首都伦敦是一个很好的起点,因为它是一个古老的港口城市,它的历
史可以追溯到罗马时代。