【文档说明】高考英语模拟题汇编专题05 阅读理解之议论文二（原卷版）.doc，共(8)页，62.000 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-92783.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

专题05阅读理解之议论文1.（2020届安徽省蚌埠市高三第三次质检）Scientist，conservationorganizationsandgovernmenttryingtostopthetrendofextinction（灭绝）oftenfo

cusonprotectedareassuchasnationalparksandwildlifepreserves.Butwithasmanyasmillionspecies（物种）atrisk，thisplanofacti

onmaynotbeenoughtoconservewildlife.Slowingthemassextinctionthatnowappearstobeunderwaywillrequiremorecreativemeansofcoexisti

ngalongsidewildplantsandanimals.Anewstudyindicatestheeffectivenessofsomesuchapproachesbyexaminingsomelandsmanagedbyindigenousgr

oups.“Weshowreallystronglythat，fromabiodiversitystandpointintermsofspeciesrichness，indigenous－managed

landsareatleastcomparabletoprotectedareas，”saysbiologistRichardSchusterofCarletonUniversity.Andinsomeplaces，theyarebetterthanparksandpreser

ves－eventhoughindigenouscommunitiesmayusetheirlands‟resourcesbyhuntingorsearchingforfood.Schusterandhisteamanalyzedmorethan15，000areasinAustralia，

BrazilandCanada.Theyfoundthatthetotaldiversityofwildlifewashighestonlandseithermanagedorco－managedby

indigenousgroups，whilerandomlyselectedareaswithnoformalprotectionweretheleastbio－diverse.Forthreatene

dspeciesinparticular，indigenouslandsscoredslightlyhigherthanprotectedlandsonoverallspeciesrichnessinBrazilandCanada，aswellashigherforthreateneda

nimalsinAustralia.Eachcountryhasadifferentgeography，climateandhistory.Yetremarkably，Schustersays，thebestindicat

orforspeciesdiversityiswhetheragivenareawasmanagedbyanindigenouscommunity.Hepointedoutthatpracticessuchassustainable（可持续的）hunting，fishin

gandsearching，aswellasburning，aremorelikelytooccurinsuchareas.DonHankins，anecologistatCaliforniaStateUniversity，agrees.“there‟sprobablyg

oingtobemoreofaconnectiontotheland，”hesays，“andauseofthelandforthethingsthatarethere，comparedtoanationalpark.”

“It‟sreallyimportanttolistentothepeoplewholiveonthelandandhavethemdrivethestewardshipeffortsgoingforward，”Schust

ersays，addingthatpartneringwithindigenouscommunitiesmayenabletheworld‟scountriestobettermeetawiderangeofconservationgoals：“Wereallyneedalltheh

elpwecangetasaglobalcommunitytopreventspeciesextinctionthatwe‟refacingrightnow.”8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”probablymea

ninParagraph2？A．Social.B．Native.C．Protected.D．Threatened.9．WhatdidRichardSchusterfindinhisstudy？A．Nationalparksareevenhigherinspeciesdiversity.B．

Indigenouscommunitiesoverhuntedontheirlands.C．Somepreservesalmosthavenoformalprotection.D．Indigenous

landsdobetterinkeepingbio－diversity.10．WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayDonHankinsagreewith？A．Speciesdiversitydepends

ongeographicalpositions.B．Humans‟everydayactivitiesarenolongersustainable.C．Indigenousgroupshaveaclosebondwiththeirlands.D．Protectedareasworkperfectl

yinwildlifeprotection.11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Beatingbackextinction.B．Dealingwithenvironmentalproblems.C．Settingupnature

reserves.D．Fightingagainstunsustainablebehaviors.2.（2020届安徽省蚌埠市高三第三次质检）IgrewupinaMidwesterntownwherethepopular

wisdomwastoonlytalkaboutwhatwaspleasantandtokeepsecrets，ifnecessary，tomakethathappen.Thismeantstayingmumwhensomeoneoffendedyou，rarelyexpressingunp

leasantfeelingsandsmilingslightlymorethanisnecessary.Italsomeantzeroroomforairinganysortofdirtylaundry，es

peciallynotthekindsofpersonalsecretsthatkeeppeopleup.Manyofusliketobelievethathidingunpleasanttruths

mightmakethemeventuallygoaway.Instead，keepingsecrets—especiallyheavyones—canspinanevenmorecomplicatedweboflonelinessanddeception（欺骗）.Sowhydowedoit？T

hetruthcanhurt.Butinmanysituations，it‟sbettertogetitoutandlettherecoverystart，ratherthanallowingittobemoreharmful.Theburdenofhold

inginthetruthdoesn‟tjustdisappear.Ithidesinthebackofyourmindandcancausedisordertoyourlifeandhealth.“Ifthesituationsinyourdailylifeareregularreminde

rsofthesecret，andyoufinditstressfultokeepit，thenyes，itcanhaveemotional（感情上的）andphysicalconsequences，”saysDr.DeanMcKay.“Somepeoplealsofindkeepings

ecretsstressfuloutofageneralconcerntheywill„slip‟，andthisfrequentthoughtofthesecretcaninitselfbestressful.”Thisdifficultyisespeciallyworse

ifyoufeeltrappedbythesecret，orifitbringsupotherunpleasantfeelingslikeguilt，shameoranxiety.Ifyoudodecidethatyou

rsecretstookyourjoyawayandwouldbebetteroffbeingletoutintotheworld，andifthatsecretdoesn‟tputotherpeopleinphysicaldanger，therearehealthywaystoshareit.1

2．WhatisconsideredwiseformostpeopleintheMidwesterntown？A．Expressingfeelingsfreely.B．Keepingunpleasanttruthssecret.C．Answeringviolencewithviolen

ce.D．Sharingprivatematterswithfriends.13．Whatisasuggestedwaytodealwiththeunpleasantsituations？A．Tohideyourfeelings.B．Totellawhitelie.C．Tom

akenoresponse.D．Toexposethetruth.14．Whatcanbeinferredaboutsecretsinthetext？A．Theyarebadforyourhealth.B．Theyarehard

lyacceptedbypeople.C．Theybringupmorepositivefeelings.D．Theyhelppreventdisorderinyourlife.15．Whatwillprobabl

ybetalkedaboutintheparagraphthatfollows？A．Reasonsforholdingsecrets.B．Waystosharesecrets.C．Doubtsaboutbreakingsecrets.D．Tipsonkeepingsecr

ets.3.（2020届福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测）Look!Apolarbearislyinglifelessonabeach.Ontheshore,inthebackground,standthreeguards,t

alkingtoeachother.Oneofthemhasadeadlyweaponhangingcasuallyonhisshoulder.Thispowerfulimagehasthrownintoquestionthemotivationforthiskindof

tourism,orecotourism.Doesourproximity(接近)tolargeanimalsinthewild,frequentlyfueledbyadesireforexcitingimages,leadtosuchanimalsbecomingaccustomedtohuma

ncontact?Ifthatisthecase,surelythelosingsidewillenduppayingtheultimatepriceforsuchproximity.Tomysorrow,Ihaverecentlyreturnedfromatri

ptoSvalbard,andindeedstoodtwoweeksagoontheverybeachwherethebearwasshot.Thebear‟sdeathshouldneverhavehappened.Wasthe

beachexaminedfromtheshipoffshorebeforehand?Wasthereaccesstoflares(照明弹)toscareoffabearthatappearedsuddenly?Thesearestandardmeasur

esforanyrespectedoperator.Theincidentisprobablytheresultofaterriblesystemicfailure.Nevertheless,theincidentshould

notnegatethevalueofecotourism.Initsbestform,thiskindoftravelhasverylittleimpact,orindeedhasapositiveeffect,ontheenvironmentwhereittakesp

lace.Thiscanbebymakingfinancialdonationstoconservationgroups,providingincometolocalcommunities,orensuringprotectionofcertainareasoranimals.InSvalbard

,visitorsbecomeambassadorsfortheendangeredpolarbear,increasingawarenessofthefactthatthefargreaterdangerf

acingthemissea-icemeltintheArcticOcean.Ecotourismisexpandingmarketthatbringsbenefitsaswellaschallengestotheregionsaroundth

eworldinwhichitoperates.Simplyclosingofftheseregionsisnottheanswer.8．Whywasthepolarbeardead?A．Itwasprobablyhuntforitsfurbytourist

s.B．Itwasprobablyfrightenedtodeathbyflares.C．Theproperproceduresweren‟tprobablyfollowed.D．Thebeachwasn‟tprobablyeq

uippedwithsafetydevices.9．Whatisthethirdparagraghmainlyabout?A．Ecotourismcouldbedevelopedproperly.B．Financialaware

nesshasgreatlyadvocated.C．Environmentalawarenesshasgreatlyincreased.D．Visitorshaveaguiltyconscienceaboutecotourism.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencei

nthelastparagraghsuggest?A．Morechallengesfromguardshaven‟tyetbeenaccepted.B．Bettermeasuresforconductingecotourismareagoodchoice.C．Thee

nvironmentalbenefitsfromecotourismareveryobvious.D．Thepositiveeffectsofprotectingtouristshaven‟tyetbeenfelt.1

1．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tocausereaderstofocusonpolarbears.B．Tostimulatereaderstoreflectonecotourism.C．Tostresssideeffectsth

atecotourismhascaused.D．Toanalyzethereasonwhythepolarbearwaskilled.4.（2020届广东省高考模拟）Anadvanceinelectronicpublishingcouldmaket

heebookyouarereadingseemasdatedasasilentfilm.Publishershopetoexplorethegrowingsuccessofebooksbyreleasingversionswithaddedsoundtracksandmusicalaccompa

niments.Thenoisesinthefirstmultimediabooks-releasedinBritainonFriday-includerainhittingawindowinaSherlockHolmestale.W

hentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.InAmerica,worksbyShakespeareandJaneA

ustenhavealreadybeenreleasedwithmusicandbackgroundnoisesothat,forexample,readerscanhearteacupsclinkinginMr.Darcy'sgardena

stheyreadPrideandPrejudice.Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Crit

ics,however,willarguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.Caroli

neMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultip

lesensoryinput.Shesaid,“Youngpeoplehavesplitcomputerscreenswheretheymaybewatchingtelevisionandreplyingtoanemailatthesam

etime.Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.”Booktrack'ssoundeffectsworkbyestimating

theuser'sreadingspeed.Eachtimeyou“turn”apage,thesoftwarereassesseswhereyouhavereachedinthetextandtimesthesoundstoswitchonacco

rdingly.Ifthesoundtrackbecomesoutofsynch(同步),aclickonanywordwillre-setit.Someauthorsfearthatasoundtrackcoulddestroythepeacean

dquietoflibrariesandruinthepleasureofreading.DavidNicholls,authorofOneDay,thebestsellernowreleasedasa

film,said,“Thissoundsliketheoppositeofreading.IhaveenoughtroublereadinganebookbecauseI‟mconstantlydistractedbyemails.”StuartMac

Bride,thecrimewriterwhosenovelShattertheBoneswasanebookbestseller,sells18%ofhisbooksaselectronicdownloads.Hesaid,“If

I‟mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”12．

What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Opinionsaboutebookswithsoundtracks.B．Responsetotheneedofthebookmarket.C．Reasonsfortraditionalebooksbe

comingoutdated.D．Suggestionsonencouragingreaders'imagination.13．Whatdopublishersexpectanebooksoundtracktodo?A．Helptoreleaseanebookasafilm.B．He

lpreadersimprovereadingspeed.C．Addtensionatabook'sexcitingpoint.D．Getreadersfamiliarwiththebackground

.14．Whoisinfavourofaddedsoundtracksforebooks?A．Mr.Darcy.B．CarolineMichel.C．DavidNicholls.D．StuartMacBride

.15．WhatdoweknowaboutStuartMacBride?A．Hewasapersonwhowaseasytogetangry.B．Heknewagreatdealaboutteaandteaculture.C．Eighty-twope

rcentofhisbooksdescribedcrime.D．Heimaginedsoundsrelatedtothestorywhenreading.5.（2020届广东省广州市普通高中毕业班综合

测试）Aswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.Mannedbase

sontheMoonorMarsforexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity'spresenceonap

ermanentoratleastsemi-permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoonfo

rexample,acolonymustbeself-sustainingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.Whilefuturebasescou

ldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertimethereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco-existingwithit.Thisistheproce

ssofterraforming-adjustingMars‟atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth-like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanyn

ativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge-scalehumanse

ttlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits.Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehab

itats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifee

xiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We‟vealrea

dydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearn

somuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciate(hedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformin

gthemtosuitourownambitions.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AIstherelifeonMars?B．CanweadapttoMars?C．Shoul

dweterraformMars?D．AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?9．WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A．Ensurethatit'sno

tharmed.B．NegotiatewiththeMartians.C．Changetheunpopulatedregions.D．Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”i

nparagraph3mean?A．Complex.B．Native.C．Foreign.D．Intelligent.11．Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A．Byreferringtoothers'research.B．Byeval

uatingdifferentplanets.C．Byjustifyingthebenefitsofterraforming.D．Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.6.（2020届江西省抚州市高三教学质量监测）Walkingthroug

halocalparkrecently,IsawateenageboywearingaT-shirtthatread:“Effortwinsovertalent.”ItremindedmeofanideaIthinkaboutoften,thatifyoubelie

veyoucanlearnnewthingsanddevelopnewskills,byworkinghard,youaremorelikelytoachievethosegoals.Thiscriti

calinsightwasbroughtupbyDr.CarolDweck,aStanfordUniversitypsychologist,asa“growthmindset”.AccordingtoDr.Dweck‟sresearch,“talentisnotf

ixed.”StudiesbyDweckandothershaveshownstudentswhohaveafixedmindsetseenewlearningexperiencesasamomenttobejudged,notanopportunitytole

arn.Thiscanmakelearningapainfulstruggle,leadingmanytogiveup.Studentswhohaveagrowthmindset,ontheotherhand,experien

cechallengesasthewaytolearnandimprove.Theyseehardworkasbeingaboutlearning.Overall,theylearnandachieveathigherlevels

,evenwhentheystartoutatthesameplaceasthosewithfixedmindsets.WhileDweckidentifiedgrowthmindsetmorethanadecadeago,herinsightswerenotmad

eup.Theyhavesincebeenbackedupbybrainscience,madepossiblebynewtechnologythatallowsresearcherstoseeimagesofthebrainatwork.

Studiesshowthat,whenapersonrespondstonewanddifficultmaterialbyengaginginastruggletolearn,theneuronsinth

eirbraingrow.Believingthatyoucangrowyourabilitiesthrougheffort—thattalentisnotfixed—iscrucial(要的).AsDweckputsitinh

erTEDtalk,weneedtofocusonshowingyoungpeoplethe"PowerofYet”meaning,Ihaven'tlearnedthisyet,orI'mnotgoodatthisyet.Growthmindsetisanimportantideafor

educatorsandschools,butit'salsoapowerfultoolthateveryonecanusetohelpthemselvestolearnandachieveathighlevels.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insight”i

nparagraph1mean?A．Scenery.B．Research.C．Question.D．Idea.13．Howisparagraph2mainlydeveloped?A．Bymakingcompari

sons.B．Bygivingexplanations.C．Bylistingexamples.D．Bydescribingdetails.14．Whichofthefollowingstatementsshowsgrowthmindset?A．“Wow,youarereallygiftedi

nmaths.”B．“Ijustdon'tunderstandityet.”C．“Youareacleverstudent.”D．“Mytalentsdetermineeverything.”15．Whatwilltheauthorprobablydisc

ussnext?A．Whytodevelopabettermindset.B．Whentoobtainabettermindset.C．Howtoapplythegrowthmindset.D．Wheretolearnthegrowthmindset.