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伏龙初中2019中考英语阅读理解编习题（9）附答案【能力选练】A（2019中考科普环保类选练）Theworldisnotonlyhungrybutalsothirstyforwater.Thismayseemstrangetoyou,sincenearl

y70%oftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Butabout97%ofthatisseawaterorsaltwater.Mancanonlydrinkandusetheother3%offreshwaterfromrivers,lakes,undergr

oundandsoon.Andwecannotevenuseallofthatbecausesomeofithasbeenmadedirty.EarthDayisApril22.Butonallotherdays,wemustalsoremember

howimportantwateris.Thewaterthatweuseisthemostimportantnaturalresourceontheearth.Todaywefaceseriouswaterproblems.Oneofthemiswaterpoll

ution.Allkindsofthingsfromcars,factories,farmsandhomesmakeourrivers,lakesandoceansdirty.Pollutedwaterisverybadforpeopletodrink.Anddirtywateri

sbadforfish,too.Howdocarsandfactoriesmakeourwaterdirty?Firsttheypollutetheair.Thenwhenitrains,therainwatermakesourdrinkingwaterdirty.D

irtyrain,calledacidrain（酸雨）,isalsobadforplants,animalsandbuildings.Scientistssaythatin30years,moreth

anhalfofthepeopleintheworldwon'thaveenoughdeanwater.Wehavetolearnhowtostopwastingwater.Oneofthefirststepsistodevelopwaysofre

usingit.Todayinmostlargecities,wateri~usedonlyonceandthensereoutintoasewersystem（下水道）.Fromthereitreturnstotheseaorgoesunderground.Buteve

nthougheverylargecityreuseditswater,wewouldstillnothaveenough.Soweshouldmakeuseofseawaterbyremovingthesaltinit.Ifwecantakethesesteps,freshwaterwon

'tbeusedup.1.Theworldisthirstyforwaterbecause______.A．wedon'thaveenoughfreshwaterB．alotofwatergoesintose

wersystemsC．only70%oftheearth'ssurfaceiswaterD．seawateriswidelyusedratherthanfreshwater2.Theunderlinedword"face

"means"______".A．turnthefacedownB．turnthefaceupC．turnthefacetoD．turnthefaceback3.Fromthispassage,weknowacidrain________.A．isonlybadf

orlivingthingsB．isnotbadforbuildingsandfactoriesC．canbeproducedinfactoriesD．isbadforpeople,animals,plantsandbuildings4.Onedifficult

waywecansolvetheproblemisto______.A．usethewaterwithsaltinitB．removethesaltfromseawaterC．getwaterfromunderground

D．reusethewaterincities5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．FreshwaterandseawaterB．AthirstycountryC．TheimportanceofwaterD．T

heworld'swaterproblem参考答案ACDBD【能力选练】B【****吉林省实验中学】(B)TheInternetisabigplaceandhaslotsofdifferentkindsofinformation.Nobodyhasenou

ghtimetofindsomethingontheInternet.Yahoogivesusalotofhelp.TwoStanfordUniversitystudentsJerryYangandDavidFilostarteditin199

4.Theymadealistoftheirfavoritewebpages.Whentheirlistgotbigger,theymadeadatabase(数据库)tokeepalotofinformatio

n.Theyleteveryoneuseitforfree.Soon,thousandsofpeoplewereusingit.Thentheymadeanewkindofsoftware（软件）.Itcoulds

toremuchmoreinformation,andpeoplecanfindinformationbyusingit.Ifyoulookfor“animals”,itwillgiveyoualisto

fwebpageswiththeword.Yahoobecameapubliccompanyin1996.Asthecompanygrew,YangandFilowentonworkinghard.Theyputmoreusesinthesoftware,suchasshoppingandf

reee-mails.TheystartedYahooinmanydifferentcountriesandindifferentlanguages.YahooisfamousontheInternet.I

treallymakesmoneyunlike（不像„）mostotherwebcompanies.根据短文内容选择正确答案。（5分）()76Yahoowasstartedin1994by_________________.A.BillGatesB.twocollegestude

ntsC.AmericanscientistsD.thousandsofpeople()77.Afterthecompanybecamebigger,YangandFilo_____.A.becamelazyB.workedlessC.con

tinuedworkinghardD.stoppedworking()78.Thepassagedoesn'ttellusifwecan_____byusingtheYahoosoftware.A.goshoppingB.lookforinformationC.sendandr

eceivee-mailsD.maketelephonecalls()79.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.YahooisanothernameofInternet.B.Yahooisapu

bliccompany.C.Yahoodoesn'tofferfreee-mailD.Yahooislosingmoney.()80.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofmostotherInternetcompan

ies?A.Theydon'tmakemuchmoney.B.Theyareallfamous.C.TheyarejustlikeYahoo.D.TheyarebetterthanYahoo.参考答案76-80BCDBA【能力选练】C【****北京

】MysummerholswrCWOT.B4,weused2go2NY2Cmybro,hisGF&thr3：－@kidsFTF.ILNY,itsgr8.Canyouunderstandthissenten

ce?Ifyoucan’t,don’tfeeltoobad:neithercouldthemiddleschoolteacherinEnglandwhoreceivedthisashomework.ThisisNetspeak:thelanguageofcomputerizedc

ommunicationfoundonInternetofcellphones.Tonewcomers,itcanlooklikeacompletelyforeignlanguage.So,whatisthe“translati

on”ofthesentenceabove?Mysummerholidayswereacompletewasteoftime.Before,weusedtogotoNewYorktoseemybrother,hisgirlfrien

d,andtheirthreescreamingkidsfacetoface.IloveNewYork;it’sgreat.Schoolteachersandparentssaythisnewformofwritingisharmi

ng(破坏)theEnglishlanguage.Increasingspellingandgrammaticalmistakescanbeseeninstudents’writing.Theyfearthelanguagecouldbecomecorrupted(面目全非的)．Everyon

eshouldjustrelax,saylinguists(语言学家).TheybelieveNetspeakisinfactmoreofagoodthing.DavidCrystal,fromtheUniversityofWales,arguesthatN

etspeakandInternetcreateanewlanguageuseandthealmostlostartofdiarywritinghasbeenpickedupagain.GeoffreyNunberg,fromStanfordUniversity,agrees

.“Peoplegetbetteratwritingbywriting，”hesays.“Kidswhoarenowdoingtextmessaging,e­mail,andinstantmessagesw

illwriteatleastaswellas,andpossiblybetterthan,theirparents.LinguistJamesMilroysays,forcenturies,itisbelievedwithoutexceptionthatyoungpe

opleareharmingthelanguage.Andyoucanbetyourbottomdollarthatwhentoday’steenagersbecometomorrow’sparents,theytoowillthinkthisway.

Milroyarguesthatlanguagesdonotandcannotbecome“corrupted”；theysimplychangetomeetthenewneeds.However,Netsp

eakersdoagreethatitisimportanttoteachyoungpeoplehowtospeakandwriteStandardEnglish.CynthiaMcVeysays,“IcanunderstandNetspeakwor

riesteachersandit’simportantthattheygetacrosstotheirpupilsthattextmessagingisforfun,butthatlearningtowriteproperEnglishisamustfortheirfuture.”Perh

apsweshouldgiveteenagersalittlemoretrustanyway.Erin,age12,says,“Iwouldn’tusetextlanguageinmyhomework.Textingisjustforfun.”()1.Whatisthemai

npurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Togiveanexampleofaforeignlanguage.B.Toshowanexampleofcreativemethods.C.Toexpressworriesab

outusingNetspeak.D.ToleadinthetopicofNetspeak.()2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.CynthiaMcVeypointsoutteenagersc

andealwithNetspeakproperly.B.GeoffreyNunbergbelievesNetspeakerscanwriteStandardEnglish.C.DavidCrysta

lthinksNetspeakhelpsdevelopthehabitofwriting.D.JamesMilroysaysthatlanguageischangingandimproving.()3.Theexpress

ion“betyourbottomdollar”inParagraph5means________.A.befairlysureB.begreatlysurprisedC.thinkitapityD.finditinteresting()4.Wh

atcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Netspeak:AWidely­UsedLanguageonInternetB.IsNetspeakHarmingtheEnglishLanguage?C.IsNetspeakHelpfulintheEng

lishLanguage?D.Netspeak:AdvantagesandDisadvantages语篇解读：要把这篇文章完全读明白是需要一定功底和阅读技巧的。它的难点就在于众多不认识的人名会干扰阅读，另外这些人的言论都是不一样的

，需要考生自己提炼作者的态度。1.D。推理判断题。在审题过程中需要注意的是mainpurpose而不是mainidea，第一段就一句话，而且是让人咋看一头雾水的句子，这样的句子用在开头，很明显是为了引出下文。或者大家可以运用排除法，文章主要对象是Netspeak，而A，B两项没有提到

netspeak，故排除，又因为C选项在感情色彩上是负面，与原文感情色彩相违背，故选D。2.C。判断正误题，也叫做细节推断题，解题方法依据选项中的人物专有名词来定位找要点，A定位词为CM在原文倒数第二个自然段出现，其中引号的句子中用了worries与答案中的pr

operly相反，所以排除；B定位词为GN和StandardEnglish，文中出现StandardEnglish是在倒数第二个自然段与CM相关的信息，所以此选项为典型的张冠李戴；D选项为片面的夸大其辞，文章层面只能看到languageischanging而没有任何细节提到impro

ving，所以根据文章第四自然段可以推断出C为正确选项。3.A。概括归纳题。本题为短语推断题，解题方法：结合上下文逻辑关系，上文提到年轻人会harming语言，下文接着说当他们成为父母后，“theytoowillthinkthisway.(他们也会这么想)”，那么中

间空出一定是强调，并突显出下文，那么最满足条件的解释是A选项。4.B。概括归纳题。结合专家的观点，从引号中的句子我们可以断定，全文的中心思想是为了突显出Netspeak的好。A选项文章没有突显出widely­used；C选项没有重

点提及到languagelearning；文章观点很鲜明，并不是D选项正反观点的论证。故选B。【能力选练】D左栏是五个人物喜欢阅读的书本的介绍，右栏是七位作家的描述。请将左栏的人物与右栏他们会感兴趣的作家进行

配对。()11.Mandylovespicturebooks.Shedreamsofbeingawriterofpicturebooksoneday,soafterwork,sheoftenreadspictur

ebooksfromfamouswriterstogetmoreideas.()12.Peterisstudyingscience.Heisveryinterestedintheuniverse(宇宙)andlikesreadingsciencefictionsinhisfreeti

me.()13.Markenjoyswriting.HisfavoritewriterisLuXun.HelikesreadingbookswrittenbyLuXunandwantstobeagoodwriterlikehimsomeday.()14.Sarahisanofficewor

ker.Sheisbusyeveryday.Butwhensheisfree,shespendsherfreetimereadingA.ArthurCharlesClarkeisoneoftheworld'sbestwritersofsciencefiction.Hisfamousbo

oksareASpaceOdyssey,IslandsintheSkyandTheCityandtheStars.Theytellusalotabouttheuniverse.B.B.J.KRowlingisaBritishchildren'swriter.Herbest

famousbooksaretheHarryPotterbooksseries.Theyareverypopularwithchildrenandbecomethebest­sellingbookseriesin

history.C.LuXunwasoneofthemostfamousChinesewritersinthe20thcentury.HewasknownasthefatherofmodernChineseliterature(文学).Someofhisnovelsweremad

eintofilmssuchasTheTrueStoryofAHQ.D.QiongYaoisoneofthemostfamouswritersofromanticnovelsinTaiwan.Therearealotofbeautifullovestoriesinh

ernovels.E.MoYanwonthe2012NobelPrizeforliterature.Inhiswriting,hedescribeshislifeexperiencesintheplacewherehewasborn.F.Gu

oJingmingisoneofthemostfamousmodernwriters.HisnovelsareverypopularamongtheyoungandhisnovelTinyTimesismadeintomovies

andbecomesabiglovestoriestorelaxherself.()15.Stevehopestobeafamouswriterinthefuture.Everynightbeforegoingt

obed,helikesreadingsomefamousbooks,especiallythebookswrittenbyMoYan.success.G.Jimmyisthebestsellingwriterofpi

cturebooks.HehascreatedmanyfamouspicturebooksandoneofthebestsellingbooksisTurnLeftandTurnRight.参考答案11～15GACDE【能力选练】E（选自2016中考训练）阅读下列材料，从A

、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，Areyoushy？Ifyouare，youarenotalone．Infact，closeto50percentofpeopleareshy．Almost80pe

rcentofpeoplefeelshyatsomepointintheirlives．Thesedays，shynessisbecomingmoreandmorecommon．Now，scientistsaretryingtounderstandshyness．Theyha

vesomeinterestingideasaboutwhypeopleareshy．Isitpossibletobebornshy？Manyscientistssayyes．Theysay15to20percentofbabiesbehaveshyly．These

babiesarealittlequieterandmorewatchfulthanotherbabies．Interestingly，theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents．Asaresult，sc

ientiststhinkthatsomeshynessisgenetic．Familysizemightcausepeopletobeshyaswell．ScientistsatHarvardUniversity

studiedshychildren．Theyfoundthat66percentofthemhadolderbrothersandsisters．Asaresult，theybecameshy．Atthesametime，c

hildrenwithnobrothersandsistersmaybeshyaswell．Growingupalone，theyoftenplaybythemselves．Theyarenotabl

etolearnthesamesocialskillsaschildrenfrombigfamilies．Youmayalsobeshybecauseofwhereyouwereborn．Whensci

entistsstudiedshynessindifferentcountries．Theyfoundsurprisingdifferences．InJapan，mostpeoplesaidtheywereshy．ButinIsrael，only

oneofthreepeoplesaidso．Whatexplainsthedifference？OnescientistsaystheJapaneseandIsraelishavedifferentopinionsoffailure

．InJapan，whenpeopledonotsucceed，theyfeelbadaboutthemselves．Theyblame（责备）themselvesfortheirfailure．InIsrael，theoppositeistrue．Israelisoftenbla

mefailureonoutsidereasons，suchasfamily，teachers，friends，orbadluck．InIsrael，freedomofopinionandrisktakingarestronglysupported．ThismaybewhyIsraeliswor

rylessaboutfailureandarelessshy．Forshypeople，itcanbedifficulttomakefriends，speakinclass，andevengetagood

job．Butscientistssayyoucangetoveryourshyness．Theysuggesttryingnewthingsandpracticingconversation．Anddon’tforget﹣﹣﹣ifyouareshy，

youarenottheonlyone．50．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？BA．Happiness．B．Shyness．C．Kindness．D．loneliness．51．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“genetic”inparagr

aph2probablymean？AA．Passeddownfromparents．B．Learnedfromfriends．C．Taughtbyteachers．D．Madeupbybrothers．52．

Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage？CA．Mostlittlebabiesarebornshyandquiet．B．Ifyouareshynow，youwillbeshyforever．C．Manyshychildrenhaveolderbr

othersandsisters．D．MostIsraelipeopleareshyofexpressingopinions．53．WecanlearnfromthepassagethatBmaycauseshyness．A．genetics，grown﹣﹣upsandbirthplac

eB．genetics，familysizeandbirthplaceC．familysize，grown﹣﹣upsandfailureD．genetics，familysizeandfreedom54．Scientistssuggestthatshypeoplecangetoverthe

irshynessbyB．A．blamingtheirfailureonoutsidereasonsB．tryingnewthingsandpracticingconversationC．gettingthemselvesaway

fromtheirshyparentsD．tryingtounderstandreasonsfortheirshyness55．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（结构）ofthepassage？（P=Paragraph）A【考点】

科普知识类阅读．【分析】翻译：你害羞吗？如果是，不止你一个．事实上，接近50%人害羞．几乎80%的人在他们的生活中感到害羞，现在，害羞越来越普遍．科学家们正在试图理解害羞．他们有一些有趣的想法为什么人很害羞．它可能是出生就害羞？许多科学家说，他们说是的，百分之十五到百分之二十的婴儿表现出

害羞．这些婴儿比其他婴儿安静一点、更警惕．有趣的是，这些害羞的孩子通常有害羞的父母．因此，科学家们认为有些害羞是遗传．家庭成员的数量可能使人害羞．科学家在哈佛大学研究害羞的孩子．他们发现百分之六十六的有兄弟姐妹的孩子．他们变得害羞．同时，没有兄弟姐妹的孩子，也害羞．他们独自成长，他们经常自己玩

．来自大家庭的孩子他们不能够学到同样的社会技能．你可能也会因为你的出生地而害羞，科学家们研究在不同的国家害羞．他们发现了惊人的差异．在日本，大多数人说他们很害羞．但在以色列，只有三分之一的人这么说．为什么会有这样的区

别？一位科学家说，日本和以色列对失败有不同意见．在日本，当人们不成功，他们自我感觉不好．他们责备他们自己的失败．在以色列，恰恰相反．以色列人常常把自己的失败归咎于外部原因，如家庭，朋友，老师，或者运气不好．在以色列，自由的观点和冒险的精

神强烈支持着他们．这可能是为什么以色列人并不担心失败而不害羞．对于害羞的人来说，交朋友，在课堂上演讲，甚至得到一份好工作，都是很难的，但科学家说你可以克服你的羞怯，他们建议尝试新事物，练习对话，不要忘记﹣

﹣﹣如果你是害羞的，你不是唯一的一个．【解答】50．B．文章第一句话就问道“你害羞吗？如果是，那么你不是一个人”接着文章介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因，最后说害羞虽然有很多害处，但是可以改变的．所以本文讲的主要是害羞．故选B．51．A．前文说到Interestingly

，theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents．Asaresult有趣的是，这些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母，由此判断“genetic”意为从父母传下来的基因．故选A．52．C．

文章第三段中提到Theyfoundthat66percentofthemhadolderbrothersandsisters．害羞的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或者姐姐．文章中说有些孩子生下来会害羞和安静，但不是大部分，排除A；害羞是可以改变的，排除

B；以色列人表达观点更自由更大胆，而不是更害羞，排除D；故选C．53．B．文章的二三四段，分别介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因．分别是：基因、家庭人数和出生地，故选B．54．B．文章最后一段说到Theysuggesttryingne

wthingsandpracticingconversation．他们建议尝试新事物，练习交谈，这样可以改变害羞的性格．故选B．55．A．文章第一段引出本文讲述的主题：害羞，接着二三四段分别介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因，分别是：基因、家庭人数和出生地，最后一段总结了害羞的害处和

改变这种性格的办法．所以是总分总的结构．故选A．【点评】首先理解问题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的句子，并理解大意，最后仔细斟酌，找出答案．，并核对．