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北京2019中考英语阅读理解（六）专题十八阅读理解第6讲北京东城二模阅读理解CD篇1.掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。2.掌握阅读理解的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过阅读理解高频词、长

难句等语料的积累,及阅读理解解题技巧的练习,灵活应对各种阅读理解题。C篇知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理,能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快

来看看你掌握了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）单词/短语词性词义拓展掌握情况优良差教学目标名师点拨improvementn.改进，改善v.improvetechnolo

gyn.科技especiallyadv.尤其地supportv.支持communicationn.交流v.communicatepowerfuladj.强大的benefitn.利益，好处transportati

onn.运输dependon依赖disadvantagen.缺点opp.advantageregularadj.有规律的长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备,以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）1.Onebenefitforcompaniesisthatitcans

avemoney.（优良差）________________________________________________________________________________________________

_句意：对于公司来说一个优点是它能节省钱。本句中包含一个由that引导的表语从句，翻译时要注意。2.Eventhoughtherearemanybenefitstotelework,therearealsosomedisadvantages.（优良差）_______________

__________________________________________________________________________________句意：尽管telework有许多优点，但也有一些缺点。本句

是由eventhough引导的让步状语从句，可以积累eventhough这个短语。3.Iftheworkerisnotintheoffice,managersdon'tknowwhattheyaredoing.（优良差）______________________________________

___________________________________________________________句意：如果员工不在办公室里，经理就不知道他们正在做什么。本句首先含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句，其次含有一个由what引导的宾语从句做know

的宾语。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。亲

爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你掌握了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认

识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问

题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第

五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细节理解题，推理判断题，猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方

式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告

信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtot

hepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)„?解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyo

uusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstou

semosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tb

esurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurtB.giveupcuttingC.feelawkwardD.changetheirtools本

题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案浏览题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，浏览段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyour

lefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆

切成块。如果你感到别扭并不让人惊讶。”，根据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓

意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollow

ingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题精析Boredomiso

ftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearch

ersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearnin

gtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortsto

riesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingma

nybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Heb

ecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introd

uceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解

题技巧2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的态度，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherind

evelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，第二段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得积极，因为他能

够自由思考”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义猜测题解释单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上

，要根据文中语境来判断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“„”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeanin

gtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系猜测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3.通过构词法猜测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5.通过描述猜测词义6.用知识和生活经验猜测词义7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义典题精析Childrenareexpec

tedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagin

ation,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown.B.Keepupwith.C.Gobe

yond.D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义浏览本段，会发现本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创造力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应该与之相反

，进一步推测词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaint

opicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____

.3.问目的，态度：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.浏览文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthe

past,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefth

andtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.Whati

sParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D

.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先锁定第二段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand

表明了在过去人们认为使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明了现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态度上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopini

onsonleft-handers.，故选D。浏览问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Whatdoestelecommutingmean?（细节理解题）A.Drivingt

owork.B.Workingfromhome.C.Workinginanoffice.D.Workingfor8hoursaday.2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“morale”probablymean?（词

义猜测题）A.Health.B.Abilities.C.Spirits.D.Wealth.3What'soneofthedisadvantagesoftelecommuting?（细节理解题）A.Itmakesaworkerunfitandupset.B.Itmakesawo

rkeruninterestedinhisjob.C.Itmakesaworkerhavelesschanceofpromotion.D.Itmakesaworkerhaveworsecontrolofhistime.4Whatcanwel

earnfromthepassage?（推理判断题）A.Teleworkwillgetimprovedinthefuture.B.Teleworkhasahistoryofhundredsofyears.语

篇精讲C.Teleworkersworkformoredayseveryyear.D.Teleworkersaregoodatcommunicatingwithothers.通篇寻读（通读文章，根据问题中的关键词标记出文

章中的重点词，短语或句子，为逐题分析做准备）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文3497分钟__/4★★★TelecommutingFormostpeople,ausualworkdaymeanswakingup,eatingbrea

kfast,drivingtotheoffice,workingforabout8hoursandthendrivingbackhome.Butnotallworkershavethisexperience.Manypeople

workfromtheirhomes.Thiskindofworkiscalledtelecommutingortelework.Apersonwhotelecommutesiscalledatelecommuter.Peoplehaveworkedintheirhome

sforthousandsofyears.Butthemodernideaoftelecommutingstartedintheearly1970s.Improvementsintechnology,especiallynetworkingtechnolog

y,helpedsupportthedevelopmentoftelework.Ascommunicationtechnologybecamecheaperandmorepowerful,telecommutingbeca

memoreofachoiceforworkers.Bothcompaniesandindividuals（个人）canbenefitfromtelework.Onebenefitforcompaniesisthatitcansavemoney.Itcanalsoh

elpimprovemorale.Thisisbecauseworkerswhohavechoicesabouthowtheyworkareoftenhappier.Ifworkersarehappier,theyarelikelytodobetterjobs.Thisisgoodfor

thecompany.Asforindividuals,theycansavemoneybycuttingdowntheirtransportationcosts.Theyalsosavetimebecausetheydonothavetogototheofficeevery

day.Dependingonhowoftentheyworkfromhome,telecommuterscansavebetween15and25workdayseveryyear.Eventhoughtherearemanybenefitstotelework,ther

earealsosomedisadvantages.Managersareworriedaboutlosingcontroloftheworkers.Iftheworkerisnotintheoffice,managersdon'tknowwhattheyared

oing.Teleworkcanalsobebadforaperson'sworkinglife.Managersaremorelikelytogiveapromotion（升职）toworkersthattheys

eeeveryday,sotelecommutershavelesschanceofgettingpromotedthanregularworkers.Astelecommutersoftenworkalone,

anotherbadeffectoftelecommutingisseparationfromotherpeople.Telecommutinghasaplaceinthesocietytoday.Helpedbymorepowerfultechnologies,teleworkersof

thefuturewillbeabletocommunicateinnewandimprovedways.Thiswillmaketeleworkbetterandmakesurethatitwillhaveamoreimportantplaceinthefuture.逐题分析语篇解

读：本文是一篇日常生活类的说明文，主要阐述了Telecommuting这种新型的工作方式，并从这种工作方式的优点，缺点及发展进行了说明。1.Whatdoestelecommutingmean?A.Drivin

gtowork.B.Workingfromhome.C.Workinginanoffice.D.Workingfor8hoursaday.解析：B.细节理解题。题干意为“telecommuting是什么意思？”，根据

文章第一段关键句“Manypeopleworkfromtheirhomes.Thiskindofworkiscalledtelecommutingortelework.”，意为“许多人在家工作，这种工作方式被称为telecommuting或telewor

k。”，故选B.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“morale”probablymean?A.Health.B.Abilities.C.Spirits.D.Wealth.解析：C.词义猜测题。首先看画线词所在句，它也能帮助提高______.再看后句意为“这是

因为可以选择工作方式的员工要更加快乐”，这句话是对前一句话的解释，快乐应该是精神或情绪方面的，A项意为“健康”；B项意为“能力”；C项意为“精神”；D项意为“财富”，故选C。3.What'soneofthedisadvantagesoftelecommuting?A.Itm

akesaworkerunfitandupset.B.Itmakesaworkeruninterestedinhisjob.C.Itmakesaworkerhavelesschanceofpromot

ion.D.Itmakesaworkerhaveworsecontrolofhistime.解析：C.细节理解题。题干意为“telecommuting的缺点之一是什么？”，A项意为“它使工作者不健康和沮丧”，根据第三段关键句Thisisbecauseworkerswhohavechoice

sabouthowtheyworkareoftenhappier.可知选择这种工作方式的人是更加快乐的，故排除；B项意为“它使工作者对工作不感兴趣”，根据第三段关键句Ifworkersarehappier,theyarelikelytodo

betterjobs.可知他们愿意更好的工作，故排除；C项意为“它使工作者有更少的升职机会”，根据第四段关键句sotelecommutershavelesschanceofgettingpromotedthanregularworkers.

可以判定此项正确；D项意为“它使工作者不能很好地控制时间”，根据第三段关键句telecommuterscansavebetween15and25workdayseveryyear.可以判定此项是错误的，故选C。4.Whatcanwelearnfromt

hepassage?A.Teleworkwillgetimprovedinthefuture.B.Teleworkhasahistoryofhundredsofyears.C.Teleworkersworkformoredayseveryyear.D.Teleworkersaregoodat

communicatingwithothers.解析：A推理判断题。A项意为“Telework将会在未来得到提高，改善”；B项意为“Telework有几百年的历史”；C项意为“Teleworkers每年工作更多天”；D项意为“Teleworkers擅长与人交

流”。根据最后一段最后一句Thiswillmaketeleworkbetterandmakesurethatitwillhaveamoreimportantplaceinthefuture.可以判断A项正确；根据第二段关键句Butt

hemodernideaoftelecommutingstartedintheearly1970s.可以判定B项错误；根据第三段最后一句telecommuterscansavebetween15and25workda

yseveryyear.可以判定C项错误；根据第四段最后一句anotherbadeffectoftelecommutingisseparationfromotherpeople.可以判定D项错误。精讲笔记（学生在教师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的阅读理解的知识和方法）语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个

）单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少掌握2种）细节理解题1、3推理判断题4词义猜测题2主旨大意题基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义improvem

entn.technologyn.adv.尤其地v.支持communicationn.adj.强大的n.利益，好处transportationn.能力提升dependondisadvantagen.adj.有规律的二、句子英汉互译

★★1.问题是他们是否能够帮助我们。_____________________________________________.2.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。________________________________

______________.3.Onebenefitforcompaniesisthatitcansavemoney.______________________________________________.4.Eventhoughtherearemanybe

nefitstotelework,therearealsosomedisadvantages.______________________________________________.5.Iftheworkerisnotintheoffice,managersdon'tkno

wwhattheyaredoing.______________________________________________.阅读练习话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级社会现象类议论文3557分钟__/4★★★Technologyhasbeco

meanecessaryandimportantpartofourlives.Ithaschangedourlivesgreatly.Inmanyways,itmakeslifemoreconvenientfor

us:wecansendmessagesquicklythroughtheInternet,cookmealsinafewminutesinamicrowave,andbooktrainticketsonlineinsteadofwalkingtothestation.How

ever,inourincreasinglytechnology-drivenworld,havewebecomeaddictedtotechnology?Nottoolongago,manychildrenenjoy

edreadingagoodbookintheirsparetime.Nowadays,teenagersaremorelikelytobeseenplayingvideogamesorwatchingtelevision.Somepeopleevensaytheycan

'tgowithoutwatchingtheirfavouriteTVprogramme.Similarly,sendinglettershasbecomeathingofthepast.Ithasbeenreplacedbyemail,immediatemessagi

ngandothersocialmedia(媒体）.Ithinkthisisahugeshame;forme,there'snothingbetterthanreceivingaletterinthepost.Itshowssom

eonehastakenthetimetositdownandwritesomething;thisismuchmoreprivatethanaconversationonline.Andforsomepeople,especiallytheold,newwaysofcommunicati

onaren'tsoeasytouse.IoftensendlettersandpostcardstomygrandmatotellheraboutmylifeinFrance.Thepresenceofsocialm

ediahas,insomeways,turnedusintoanti-socialbeings.Insteadofmeetingupwithfriendsandseeingthemfacetoface,wen

owspendalotoftimecommunicatingonline.Althoughonlinecommunicationhasitsadvantages—especially，enablingustokeepintouchwithlovedonesin

differentcountries,weshouldn'tforgetthevalueofreal-lifehumaninteraction.Itis,afterall,inournaturetosocializewithothers！Admittedly(

诚然),Ispendalotoftimeusingtechnology.IdependontheInternetandmylaptoptoplanlessonsformyclasses.Iusewifionmyphonetosendme

ssagesviaappssuchasViberandSnapchal.Evenso,whenI'monholidayitisnicetoturnitalloffandhaveabreak.Takingabreakfromt

echnologyissettingyourselffree.1.Thephrase"addictedto"inParagraph1probablymeans“_____”.（词义猜测题）A.skillfulatB.interestedinC.depe

ndentonD.disappointedat2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofsendingletters?（推理判断题）A.Itwastesalotoftimeandenergy.B.It'ssomethin

gout-of-dateandshameful.C.It'sabetterwaytocommunicatewithrelatives.D.It'samorepersonalandcaringwayofcommunication.3.FromParagraph4weknow

thatthewriterthinks_____.（推理判断题）A.socialmediamakespeopleseparatedandlonelyB.it'simportantforpeopletoc

ommunicatefacetofaceC.peoplehavebetterskillsincommunicationbecauseofsocialmediaD.onlinecommunicationhasmoreadvantagesthanreal-lif

ecommunication4.What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassage?（主旨大意题）A.Todirectpeopletospendfreetimeproperly.B.Toremind

peopletomakereasonableuseoftechnology.C.Toencouragepeopletotakefulladvantageofsocialmedia.D.Toadvisepeopletocommunicatewitheachothermoreof

ten.参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语词性词义improvementn.改进，改善technologyn.科技especiallyadv.尤其地supportv.支持communicationn.交流powerfuladj.强大的benefitn.利益，好处tra

nsportationn.运输dependon依赖disadvantagen.缺点regularadj.有规律的二、句子英汉互译。1.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.2.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,

youmust/shouldeatlessbread.3.对于公司来说一个优点是它能节省钱。4.尽管telework有许多优点，但也有一些缺点。5.如果员工不在办公室里，经理就不知道他们正在做什么。阅读练习1.C2.C3.D4.DD篇知识篇高频词单词/短语词性词

义拓展掌握情况优良差stressn.压力hardadj.困难的，努力的confidencen.自信adj.confidentcommonadj.普通的，常见的complaintn.抱怨v.complainfitv.使„适应remindv.

提醒painfuladj.痛苦的n.painencouragev.鼓励upsetadj.沮丧的pushv.推opp.pullhavefun玩的高兴长难句名师点拨1.First,tellyourchildthatsh

e'llgetthroughthisdifficultperiod.（优良差）___________________________________________________________________________________

______________句意：首先，告诉你的孩子她将通过这段困难的时期。本句中包含着一个由that引导的宾语从句做tell的宾语。2.It'scommonforbestfriendstoseparateduringmiddleschool.（优良差）______________

___________________________________________________________________________________句意：在中学时期和最好的朋友分开是常见的。本句包含初中阶段重点句型“It’s+adj.forsb.to

dosth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是„„”，本句型在第一讲中已经强调过，这里要再次复习巩固。3.Tohelpyourchilddealwiththisproblem,firstencouragehertomakeitcleartoherfriendthatshewants

tokeepthefriendshipgoing.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________

句意：为了帮助你的孩子处理这个问题，首先鼓励他要让他的朋友知道他想继续这段友情。本句型为不定式做目的状语，翻译时要注意。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理

,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你掌握了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概

。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解

文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答

的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全

文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细节理解题，推理判断题，猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型

一：细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这

些细节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(

where,why,how,who,etc)„?解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15p

ercentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstouse

mosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyou

feelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurtB.giveupcuttingC.feelawkwardD.changetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细

心审题，直接就题找答案浏览题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，浏览段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyour

lefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。如果你感到别扭并不让

人惊讶。”，根据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度

等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytaken

froma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedw

ithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersabouther

childhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwroteal

ot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemo

ney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfr

ee,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreat

ive,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamous

artistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进

行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的态度，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopingher

mind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，第二段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得积极，因为他能够自由思考”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义猜测题解释单词

的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagrap

hmeans______.2.Theword“„”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系猜测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3.通过构词法猜

测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5.通过描述猜测词义6.用知识和生活经验猜测词义7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatex

tbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemo

pportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown.B.Keepupwith.C.

Gobeyond.D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义浏览本段，会发现本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创造力的机会”，所以while之

前的句意应该与之相反，进一步推测词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisth

emaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./T

hepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，态度：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.浏览文章首尾段

和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethel

efthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirle

fthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstuden

tscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusi

ngthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先锁定第二段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetouse

thelefthand表明了在过去人们认为使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明了现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态度上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-ha

nders.，故选D。语篇精讲浏览问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Whenaboydoesn'thaveanyfriends,whatshouldhisparentsdo?（细节理解题）A.Findapopularcrowd

forhim.B.Directhimtomakesomefriends..C.Encouragehimtochangehimself.D.Tellhimtheimportanceofbeingalone.2

WhatdoesFrankthinkofseparationbetweenfriendsinmiddleschool?（推理判断题）A.It'snormalandunavoidableB.It'spainfulandreallybad

forchildren.C.Itmeanstheydon'tvaluetheirfriendship.D.Itmeanstheirfriendshipisn'tdeepenough.3Whatsuggestiondoesthewritergivetotheparentsofperf

ectionistchildren?（推理判断题）A.Choosingtopschoolsfortheirchildren.B.Doingsomethingenjoyablewiththeirchildren.C.Preventingtheirchildrenfrommakingmistak

es.D.Offeringalotofhelpwiththeirchildren'sstudy.通篇寻读话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级教育类议论文4197分钟__/3★★★★ManagingStre

ssManyofusexperiencestressinlife,sodothekids.“It'sthehardesttimeoflife,”saysKim“Tip”Frank,writerofBattlingtheBlues,Grades3-8:TheHandbookf

orHelpingChildrenandTeensWithDepression.“Kidsneeddirectionandconfidence.”Herearesomecommoncomplaintsofoverstresse

dmiddleschoolersandwhatparentscandotohelp.“Idon'thaveanyfriends.”First,tellyourchildthatshe'llgetthroughthisd

ifficultperiod.“Therewillbetimeswhenyouarealone,”Franksays.“Beingaloneisbetterthanchangingwhoyouaretofitinwiththepopularcrowd.”Somekidsneedmo

reclearinstructiononhowtomakefriends.Parentscanhelpbyhavingadiscussionwiththeirchildaboutwhatarealfriendis.Askyourchildwhatqualities（品质）hewa

ntsinafriend.Thenyouhelphimfindsomepossiblefriends.Remindyourchildthatnotallfriendshipsworkoutandtalktohimabouthowtobeagoodfriend.“Mybestfri

enddoesn'tlikemeanymore.”It'scommonforbestfriendstoseparateduringmiddleschool.Whenithappens,it'spainfulandmakesyourchildfeelleftbehind.“

Tohelpyourchilddealwiththisproblem,firstencouragehertomakeitcleartoherfriendthatshewantstokeepthefriendshipgoing,”Franksays.Then,remindherthati

fherfriendchoosestoendthefriendship,it'soutofhercontrol.“Youcanonlycontrolonesideoftherelationship,”hesays.Talktoyourchildaboutwhyfriendsmo

veonorpullaway.Tellyourchildshewillmakenewfriends.Ithurts,butitoftenendsupworkingoutforthebestforbothchildren.

“Imadeamistake!I'mafailure!”Teachersseealotofperfectionismintoday'skids.ThesekidsgetupsetiftheygetaBonapaper.Theyareoftenov

erstressed.“Perfectionistkidsareoftendrivenbyparents.”Asaparent,seewhetheryouarepushingyourchildtofeellikeshecan'tmakeasinglemistake.Doyoutalk

abouttopschoolseveryday?Doyoumakeahugedealoutofagradethatisn'tanA?“Youcanaskyourchild,‘WhydoyouthinkyouhavetogetstraightA's?”,Franksa

ys.There'smoretolife.Parentscanoffertheirchildrenopportunitiestohavefun.“Modelhardwork,relaxation,laughter

,andjoy,”hesays.“It'snotwhatyousaytokids,it'showyoulive.”逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇教育类的议论文。本文主要针对的孩子在成长过程中遇到的几个问题展开论述，并给出家长一些指导性的意见。1.Whenaboydoe

sn'thaveanyfriends,whatshouldhisparentsdo?A.Findapopularcrowdforhim.B.Directhimtomakesomefriends..C.Encouragehimtoc

hangehimself.D.Tellhimtheimportanceofbeingalone.解析：B细节理解题。题干意为“当孩子没有朋友时，父母应该怎样做？”，根据题干关键词Whenaboydoesn

'thaveanyfriends可以锁定文章第二段中，根据第二段中关键句Somekidsneedmoreclearinstructiononhowtomakefriends.“一些孩子在关于怎样交朋友上需要更多清晰地指导”，即可判断

孩子是需要父母的指导去交朋友，故选B。2.WhatdoesFrankthinkofseparationbetweenfriendsinmiddleschool?A.It'snormalandunavoida

bleB.It'spainfulandreallybadforchildren.C.Itmeanstheydon'tvaluetheirfriendship.D.Itmeanstheirfriendshipisn'tdeepenough.解析：A推理判断题。题

干意为“Frank对在初中阶段朋友之间分离这种情况的看法是什么？”A项意为“它是正常的和难以避免的”；B项意为“它是痛苦的和对孩子有害的”；C项意为“它意味着他们不珍惜他们的友情”；D项意为“它意味着

他们的友情不够深”，根据题干可将答案锁定在文章的第四段中，根据段落关键句It'scommonforbestfriendstoseparateduringmiddleschool.可知在中学时期和最好的朋友分开这种情况是正常的，故选A。3.Whatsuggestion

doesthewritergivetotheparentsofperfectionistchildren?A.Choosingtopschoolsfortheirchildren.B.Doingsomethingenjoyablewiththeirchil

dren.C.Preventingtheirchildrenfrommakingmistakes.D.Offeringalotofhelpwiththeirchildren'sstudy.解析：B推理判断题。根据题干关键词theparentsofperfectionistchildren可

将答案锁定在文章最后一段中，本题询问的是作者对这类孩子家长的建议是什么，根据最后一段关键句Parentscanoffertheirchildrenopportunitiestohavefun.，可知作者认为父母应该

给孩子们更多开心玩耍的机会，故选B。精讲笔记语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少掌握2种）细节理解题1推理判断题2、3词义猜测题主旨大意题基础过关一、词汇/短语英

汉互译★单词/短语词性词义n.压力adj.困难的，努力的能力提升confidencen.commonadj.complaintn.v.使„适应v.提醒adj.痛苦的encouragev.adj.沮丧的v.推havefun

二、句子英汉互译★★1.拥有健康的饮食习惯对我们来说很必要。______________________________________________.2.我想知道他们正在谈论什么。______________

________________________________.3.First,tellyourchildthatshe'llgetthroughthisdifficultperiod.___________

___________________________________.4.It'scommonforbestfriendstoseparateduringmiddleschool.______________________________________

________.5.Tohelpyourchilddealwiththisproblem,firstencouragehertomakeitcleartoherfriendthatshewantstokeepthefriendshipgoing.

______________________________________________.阅读练习（北京东城二模阅读理解，D篇）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类议论文4047分钟__/4★★★★Parentsdoanythingtheycantogivetheirkidsth

ebesteducation.AccordingtoareportpublishedbytheSuttonTrust,athirdof“professionalparents”withchildrenagedbetween5and16havemovedtoanarea,bec

ausetheythinkithasgoodschools.Somegofurther:6%ofthe1,000parentssurveyedsaidtheystartedtoattendchurch(教堂)servicestohelpt

heirchildrengetaplaceatachurchschool;3%saidtheyusedarelative'saddresstogetchildrenintoabetterschool;and2%sai

dtheyhadboughtasecondhomeandusedthataddressforabetterschool.Itseemsstrangethatparents,whilepayingcloseatt

entiontoschool,seemoftentoforgetamuchcheaperwayofimprovingtheirchildren'seducationalsituation—astable(稳定的）family.Thereareplenty

ofresearchestobackallthisup:arecentstudybytheChildhoodWellbeingResearchCentrefoundthatchildrenagedsevenandolderusually(lidmorepoorlyinexam

sandbehavedbadlyatschooliftheirparentsbrokeup.AnotherreportbytheEconomicandSocialResearchCouncil,foundthatastablefamilylifemeantch

ildrenweremorelikelytotakeinwhatwasofferedintheclassroom.AccordingtotheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists,teenagerswhos

eparentswerefightingorseparatingmightfinditdifficulttoconcentrate(集中注意力）atschool.Ofcourse,manymarriagesareprogressin

gwellevenifthere'reunpleasantmattersinlife.I'vebeenmarriedformorethanaquarterofcentury,andtheonethingI'msureofisthatit'snotab

edofroses.I'vealsogotfourchildrenagedbetween11and21;andwhileI'mtrulythankfultothemanyteacherswhohavetaugh

tthem,andtheschoolsthey'vebeenpupilsat,I'vefeltfairlycertainastheyearsgobythatastablehomeismuchmoreimportantthanwheretheirscho

olsitsinthelocalleaguetable(排行榜).Sopayingafewhundredpoundsforafamilyrelationshipcoursecouldbeamuchbetteruseofthefamily's

moneythanspendingthousandsonmovinghouses.Ican'thelpwonderingwhethertheonlysurewinnersfromthefighttolivebythebestschoolgates

arehousesellersratherthantheverychildrenthemoveisdesignedtohelp.1.AccordingtotheSuttonTrust，what'sthemostcommonwayforparentstosendtheirchildrentoago

odschool?（细节理解题）A.Askingtheirrelativesforhelp.B.GoingtochurcheverySunday.C.Movingtoahouseinacertainarea.D.Buyingasecondhouseneartheschoo

l.2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchesinParagraph3?（推理判断题）A.Childrenabovesevenusuallybehavedbadlyatschool.

B.Goingtogoodschoolsimprovedthechildren'sbehavior.C.Parents'relationshiphadaninfluenceontheirchildren'sstudy.D.Parentsu

suallyfoughtfortheirchildren'spoorperformanceatschool.3.Thewriteragreesthat_____.（推理判断题）A.alongermarriagemeansastrongerfamilyrelationshipB.thelo

calleaguetableofschoolsisimportantforparentsC.parentsshouldhavebettercommunicationwithteachersandschoolsD.it'sworthwhiletospe

ndsomemoneyimprovingafamilyrelationship4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?（主旨大意题）A.MoreMoneyCanHelp“Buy"BetterEducationB

.ParentsShouldProvidetheBestStartforTheirChildrenC.MovingHousesGivesGreatBenefitstoChildren'sEducationD.ParentsStayingTogetherHappilyIstheBestWa

ytoHelpChildren参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语词性词义stressn.压力hardadj.困难的，努力的confidencen.自信commonadj.普通的，常见的complaintn.抱怨fitv.使„适应remindv.提醒pain

fuladj.痛苦的encouragev.鼓励upsetadj.沮丧的pushv.推havefun玩的高兴二、句子英汉互译。1.It’snecessaryforustohavehealthyeatinghabits.2.Iwanttokn

owwhattheyaretalkingabout.3.首先，告诉你的孩子她将通过这段困难的时期。4.在中学时期和最好的朋友分开是常见的。5.为了帮助你的孩子处理这个问题，首先鼓励他要让他的朋友知道他想继续这段友情。阅读练习1.C2.C3.D4.D