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北京2019中考英语阅读理解（三）专题十八阅读理解第3讲北京西城一模阅读理解CD篇1.掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。2.掌握阅读理解的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累,及阅读理解解题技巧的练习,灵活应对各种阅

读理解题。C篇知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理,能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快来看看你掌握了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以教师提问

的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）单词/短语词性词义拓展掌握情况教学目标名师点拨优良差incommon共同的，共有的rememberv.记得experiencev.经验，经历n.experiencesharev.分享environment

n.环境noticev.注意attendv.出席wonderfuladj.极好的adultn.成年人checkout检验长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备,以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）1.Whatcodinghasincommonwithwri

ting,playingmusicandcreatingartisthatitletsyoubringyourideastolife.（优良差）________________________________________

_________________________________________________________句意：编码和写作，演奏音乐和创造艺术的共同点是它能够让你把你的想法带进生活。本句为复合句，主语是由what引导的主语从句，表语是由that引导的表语

从句，翻译时要注意主从句的翻译。2.It’ssomuchfuntoshareone’screations,andtoseewhateveryoneelsehasmadetoo.（优良差）_________________________________________________

________________________________________________句意：分享自己的创作是非常有趣的，而且也可以看看其他人都创造了什么。本句话的前半句是it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语toshareo

ne’screations。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题

技巧,快来看看你掌握了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理

解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好

充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实

所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细节理解题，推理判断题，猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细节理解题解释本类试题

主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻

、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.A

ccordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)„?解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15perce

ntofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyo

uarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprise

difyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurtB.giveupcuttingC.feelawkwardD.cha

ngetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案浏览题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，浏览段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisex

periment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。如果你感到别扭

并不让人惊讶。”，根据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。设题方式1.

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma____

_.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhel

pedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithher

neighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekept

adiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.He

enjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchin

gthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.Thewrite

rtalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.s

howeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的态度，第

一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，第二段关键句为

Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得积极，因为他能够自由思考”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义猜测题解释单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文

中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“„”mostlikelymeans_____.3.

Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系猜测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3.通过构词法猜测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5.通过描述猜测词义6.用知识和生活经验猜测词

义7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitm

ayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inPara

graph2probablymean?A.Slowdown.B.Keepupwith.C.Gobeyond.D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义浏览本段，会发现本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创造力的

机会”，所以while之前的句意应该与之相反，进一步推测词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatis

themaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout____

_.3.问目的，态度：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.浏览文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气

及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somec

hildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-h

andedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encou

ragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是第二段段落大意

，要首先锁定第二段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明了在过去人们认为使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明了现在人们接受了惯用

左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态度上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。浏览问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Inthewriter’sfi

rstcodingclass,she_______.（细节理解题）A.madeappsandgamesB.createdawebpageC.wrotefornewspapersD.didsomeinterviews2Whydomoregirlsbegintolearncoding?（细节理解题

）A.Therearecodingclassesforgirls.B.Girlswanttolearna“boything”.C.TherearemoregirlsinSTEM.D.Girlscanmeetcoolboys

there.3Whatdoesthewriterthinkofcoding?（推理判断题）A.Itisbetterthanplayingmusic.B.Itlimitschildren’simagination.C.Itstopspeoplef

romlearningfast.D.Ithelpschildrenwiththeircreativity.4Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?（主旨大意题）A.StartCodingasEarlyasPossibl

eB.ComeforFuninCoderDojoClass语篇精讲C.KidsShouldHaveChancestoLearntoCodeD.STEMISCallingforMoreGirlsandW

omen通篇寻读（通读文章，根据问题中的关键词标记出文章中的重点词，短语或句子，为逐题分析做准备）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类夹叙夹议4297分钟__/4★★★Askids,welearnhowtowrite,may

beplayamusicalinstrumentanddraw.Sowhydon’twelearntocode(编码)computerprogramstoo?Whatcodinghasincommonwithwriting,playingmusicandcreatinga

rtisthatitletsyoubringyourideastolife.Codingisallaboutcreativityandthat’swhyIloveit.CreatingwithcodeCoderDojo

helpsyoungpeoplearoundtheworldtolearncomputerprogrammingforfree.WhenIwenttomyfirstCoderDojoclassinDublinCityUniversityinIreland,atagenine,I

didn’tknowanythingaboutcodingorevenwhatitwas.ButIremembermakingmyveryfirstwebpagethatfirstday,andbeingsurprisedthatIcouldcreatesuchathing.Itwa

sagreatfeelingthatIthinkeveryyoungpersonshouldexperience!BygoingtoCoderDojoeveryweek,Ilearnedhowtomakewebsites,appsandgames.Oneofmyappsiscall

edAuto-Journalist.Itcanhelpjournalists(记者)andintervieweesdointerviewseveniftheyarebothreallybusyorliveindifferenttimezones.Itisstillind

evelopment,andIhaveshoweditatalleventcalledCoolestProjectsAwards,whereyoungpeoplegettoshowthepublicwhattheyhavecreatedwithcod

e.It’ssomuchfuntoshareone’screations,andtoseewhateveryoneelsehasmadetoo.LearningenvironmentForthepastthreeyearsIhav

ealsobeenhelpingtoteachotheryoungpeopleatCoderDojoDCU.InrecentyearsIhavealsonoticedmanymoregirlsattendingCoderDojoDCUtotryoutco

ding.ThishasalottodowiththeCoderDojogirls’classes—girlsandyoungwomentakepartinitwiththeirfriends，anditdoesn’tfeellikecodingisa“boything”

.Itisreallywonderfultoseethis,becauseweneedmoregirlsandwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMaths).It’sagoodwaytolearnmoreabouttechnolo

gy.StartearlyOneofthemainthingsIhavelearnedinthelastfewyearsisthatcodingisnotonlyforadults,codingisforyoungpeople,too.Andwheny

ouareachilditisagreattimetostartcoding,becauseyourimaginationisthelimitforwhatyoucancreate!Wanttolearnmore?FindoutifthereisaCod

erDojonearyouatwww.Coderdojo.comorsetoneupyourself!AlsocheckoutCode.orgwhichhaslotsoffundrag-and-dropcodinggames.逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章主要讲述了编码这一概念，从编码有助于提高创造

力，编码目前的学习环境两方面进行讨论，最后呼吁应该给孩子们学习编码的机会。1.Inthewriter’sfirstcodingclass,she_______.A.madeappsandgamesB.createdawebpageC.wrotefornew

spapersD.didsomeinterviews解析：B.细节理解题。根据题干关键词firstcodingclass可以将答案锁定在文章第二段中，根据第二段关键句“Iremembermakingmyveryfirstwebpagethatfirstday”可以得知作者在第一节编码课

上创造了一个网页，故选B。2.Whydomoregirlsbegintolearncoding?A.Therearecodingclassesforgirls.B.Girlswanttolearna“boything”.C.TherearemoregirlsinSTEM.D.Girlscanm

eetcoolboysthere.解析：A.细节理解题。题干意为“为什么更多女孩开始学习编码？”，根据题干可以把答案锁定在文章第四段中，根据第四段关键句ThishasalottodowiththeCoderDojogirls’classes—gi

rlsandyoungwomentakepartinitwiththeirfriends.可以判定CoderDojo女孩班级是女孩们和朋友们可以一起参加的编码班级，故选A。3.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofcoding?A.Itisbetterthanplayingmusi

c.B.Itlimitschildren’simagination.C.Itstopspeoplefromlearningfast.D.Ithelpschildrenwiththeircreativity.解析：D.推理判断

题。本题询问的是作者对编码的看法，浏览全文，根据第一段关键句Codingisallaboutcreativityandthat’swhyIloveit.可以判定出作者喜欢编码的原因是因为它和创造力相关，故选D。4.Whatisprobably

thebesttitleforthispassage?A.StartCodingasEarlyasPossibleB.ComeforFuninCoderDojoClassC.KidsShouldHaveChancestoLearntoCodeD.STEMISCallingforMoreG

irlsandWomen解析：C主旨大意题。A项意为“尽早开始编码”；B项意为“来CoderDojo的课上玩吧”；C项意为“孩子们应该有机会学习编码”；D项意为“STEM需要更多的女孩和女人”。首先根

据文章第一段whydon’twelearntocode(编码)computerprogramstoo?可以判定作者呼吁我们学习编码；根据文章倒数第二段whenyouareachilditisagreattimetost

artcoding可知孩子是学习编码的最好时间，综合这两点我们得知文章主要强调的是“孩子们应该有机会学习编码”，故选C。精讲笔记（学生在教师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的阅读理解的知识和方法）语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到

的方法（至少掌握2种）细节理解题1、2推理判断题3词义猜测题主旨大意题4基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义incommonv.记得experiencev.v.分享environmentn.v.注意v.出席能力提升wonderfuladj.a

dultn.checkout二、句子英汉互译★★1.他说的话感动了我。_____________________________________________.2.我的问题是不知道选哪个电脑好。____________

__________________________________.3.Whatcodinghasincommonwithwriting,playingmusicandcreatingartisthatitletsyoubringyourideastolife__________________

____________________________.4.It’ssomuchfuntoshareone’screations,andtoseewhateveryoneelsehasmadetoo.________________

______________________________.5.Itisveryimportanttokeepourenvironmentcleanandtidy.______________________________________________.阅读练习话

题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级科普环保类说明文3297分钟__/4★★★Weallknowthatzebrashavestripes（条纹）.Butwhy?It’shardtogetablack-and-whiteanswer.Thisisaquestionn

otjustcommonpeoplelikeushaveasked,butscientiststoo.Severalstudieshavebeendonetofindoutthereasonbehin

dthestripesandmanytheories（理论）havebeensuggested.Accordingtoarecentstudy,thetypeofstripeschangesdependingonthetemperaturewh

erezebraslive.Thewarmertheplaceis,themorestripestheymayhave.Fromthisstudy,scientistsbelievethatstripesmayhelptokeepazebracoolinwarmerplaces.

Accordingtothecoolertemperaturetheory,whenairhitsazebra,themovementsofairarestrongerandfasterovertheblackpartsandsloweroverthewhite.Thisisb

ecauseblackcolortakesinmoreheatthanwhite.Soatthepointwheretheblackandwhitemeet,thereiscoolingairflow.Itcanquicklycoolazebra’ss

kin!Infact,scientistshavenoticedthatheavilystripedzebrashave5.4Tlowerskintemperaturethanotheranimalswithoutstripesinthesamearea.Somescientist

sbelievethatstripesmaybeanadaptation（适应）byzebrastodefend（防卫）themselvesfromthehorsefliesthatfollowzebras.Thecoolertemperaturetheoryholdsmer

itheretoo,sincedisease-carryingflieslikehorseflieslikeithot.Fliesalsodon'tlikelandingonstripedsurfaces.Therealsohavebee

nmanyothertheoriesthathavebeensuggestedforwhyzebrashavestripes.Someexplanationsareverycommon.Oneofthemisthatstripesmayhelpzeb

rashideingrassespeciallyfromlions.Lionsarecolorblindandeveniftheyarenotfarawaytheymayseestripesasgrey

andbeconfusedbythem.What’smore,zebrasarealargegroupofanimalslivingtogether.Whenanumberofzebrasstandormovetogether,stripesmayconfuselions

intothinkingitisonelargeanimal.1.Stripesarehelpfulforzebrasto_________.（细节理解题）A.staycoolB.movetogetherC.liveincoldplacesD.fight

againstdiseases2.Howdozebras'stripesprotectthemfromlions?（细节理解题）A.Lionsmaybefrightenedawaybystrips.B.Lionsmayseestripesas

manyanimals.C.Stripescanpreventzebrasfrombeingseen.D.Stripesmaymakelionsconfused.3.Theunderlinedwords“holdsmerit"inParagraph4probablymean"______

___".（词义猜测题）A.workswellB.soundsunreasonableC.causesdisagreementD.needssupportingfacts4.Whatisthepassagemainlya

bout?（主旨大意题）A.Whylionscan'teatzebras.B.Howhorseflieskeepawayfromzebras.C.Whyzebrashavestripes.D.Howanimalsadapttonature.参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语

词性词义incommon共同的，共有的rememberv.记得experiencev.经验，经历sharev.分享environmentn.环境noticev.注意attendv.出席wonderfuladj.极好的ad

ultn.成年人checkout检验二、句子英汉互译。1.Whathesaidmovedme.2.Myproblemiswhichcomputertochoose.3.编码和写作，演奏音乐和创造艺术的共同点是它能够让你把你的想法带进生活。4.分享自

己的创作是非常有趣的，而且也可以看看其他人都创造了什么。5.保持我们的环境干净和整洁是非常重要的。阅读练习1.A2.D3.A4.CD篇名师点拨知识篇高频词单词/短语词性词义拓展掌握情况优良差successn.成功v.succeedfailuren.失败v.

failmarathonn.马拉松happenv.发生preparefor为„准备surelyadv.当然angryadj.生气的pityn.遗憾，怜悯thankfuladj.感谢的giveup放弃长难句1.ItseemedthatoneveryvacationIwastheone

whocouldn’tgothedistance.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________

________________________句意：似乎在每个假期，我都是那个不能远距离出行的人。Itseemedthat„为表语从句，意为“似乎„”，that可以省略。2.IhadfailedtoclimbtothetopofthatMayanpyramid,butIdidc

limbitandstoodontheseancientstones.IhadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoalandyetIhadlost43pounds.Icouldn’twalk12mile

sinfourhours,butIcouldwalk12miles.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：我没有登上玛雅

金字塔的顶端，但我攀登过而且站在这些古老石头的下面；我没有实现过一次减肥目标，但我至少减掉了43磅；我不能在四小时内走完十二英里，但我至少能走12英里。本句为一个排比句式，可以在作文中利用这种句式形式进行仿写

。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你

掌握了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求

。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意

群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决

容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细节理解题，推理判断题，猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定

义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data

）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)ment

ioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)„?解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Which

handdoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficu

ltforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesu

rprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurtB.giveupcuttingC.feelawkwardD.changetheirtool

s本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案浏览题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，浏览段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyo

urlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切

成块。如果你感到别扭并不让人惊讶。”，根据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度

等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepa

ssageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题Boredomisoftenlinkedw

ithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaid精析boredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersabo

utherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwro

tealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist

,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanyboo

ksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhathelik

ed.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwri

terandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运

用到解题技巧2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的态度，第一段中关键句为aw

riternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，第二段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehe

couldthinkfreely.意为“他变得积极，因为他能够自由思考”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义猜测题解释单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键

词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“„”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefo

llowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系猜测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3.通过构词法猜测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5.通过描述猜测词义6.用知识和生

活经验猜测词义7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,research

showsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoe

stheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown.B.Keepupwith.C.Gobeyond.D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧

2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义浏览本段，会发现本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创造力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应该与之相反，进一步推测词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导

致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefir

stparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，态度：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thep

urposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.浏览文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtit

wasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunished

forusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolinthewo

rld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encourageme

nttoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先锁定第二段的

关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明了在过去人们认为使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明了

现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态度上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。浏览问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选

项1Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?（细节理解题）A.Thewriterdidn’tloseanyweightintheend.B.Thewriterdidn’tclimbtheMayanpyramid.C.T

hewriterdidn’ttakepartinthebigmarathon。D.Thewriterdidn’thaveholidayswithhisfamily.2Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasrevvedup.”probably

mean?（词义猜测题）A.Igotexcited.B.Ifeltmoved.C.Iwaspushed.D.Iwaschosen.3Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriterinthepassage?（推理判断题）A.Cleverandfrie

ndly.B.Interestingandproud.C.Humorousandhopeful.D.Kindandstrong-willed.4Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.（推理判断题）A.oneshouldnevergiveuphalfw

ayB.settingagoatisthekeytosuccess语篇精讲C.onecanlearnbymakingandcorrectingmistakesD.tryingbutfailingtoreachthegoalisstillmeaning

ful通篇寻读话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级人生百味类议论文4617分钟__/4★★★★SuccessbyfailureIhadfailedagain.Itwasthedayofthebigmarathon.Ihaddecided

threeyearsagototrainforthehalf-marathoneventandtakehomeamedal.ThereIsat,infrontofmyTV,whileIwatchedotherscrossthefinishline.Itwasjustanotherina

longstring(串)offailures.IhadnevermetasingleweightlossorfitnessgoalandIwasmajoringintheartoffailing.Wear

eafamilyofexplorationandoftenplanactivevacations.ItseemedthatoneveryvacationIwastheonewhocouldn’tgothedistance.Eachtim

eIurged(催促)myfamily,“Goonwithoutme.Bringmelotsofpicturesandvideos.I’llbefinejustsittingheretakingintheview.”Ilied.Sickofbeingleftbehind,

Idecidedthatitwouldneverhappenagain.SureIwasinmy50s,butsurelytherewasstillhopeforme.Ialwaysspentweekswalkingtoprepareforourac

tivevacations.Ihadlostweightmanytimes.IjustalwaysseemedtofailtogetwhereIneededtobe.ButthistimeIwoulddosomethingdifferent.Iwasgoi

ngtowalkahalfmarathon.SurelyIwouldloseweightandgetinshapeifIcouldcompleteover12milesinfourhours.Besid

es,thiswouldbetraining.Trainingsoundedcoolerthandietandexercise.Iwasrevvedupandreadytogo.Iboughtthepropergear(装备),checkedoutwhattypeofdr

inkswouldbehandedoutatthemarathonandpreparedalot.Ihadaplan!Nowtwoyearslater,thereIsat,watchingthousandsofpeopleofallagessucceedwhereIhad

failed.Iwalkedout,angrywithmyself,satdownandhadmyselfapityparty.Iwasamasterattheartofpityparties,havingagre

atdealofexperienceinholdingthem.Whatwasmyproblem?WherewasIgoingwrong?Istoppedandconsideredeachfailure,onebyone.Imadesomeveryinter

estingdiscoveries.IhadfailedtoclimbtothetopofthatMayanpyramid,butIdidclimbitandstoodontheseancientstones.Ihadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoa

landyetIhadlost43pounds.Icouldn’twalk12milesinfourhours,butIcouldwalk12miles.Allmyfailuresweresoundinglikeasuccessstory.ThistimeIwasgiving

thanks.IwasthankfulthatIhadbeengiventhespiritoffailurebecausefailuremeantthatIwastrying,thatIdidn’tgiveup.IdecidedthatIwouldbec

rossingthefinishlinenextyear.逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇人生百味类的议论文。作者通过描写自己亲身的经历，最后论证了只要尝试过，尽管最后失败了，但过程仍然是有意义的这个观点。1.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Thewri

terdidn’tloseanyweightintheend.B.Thewriterdidn’tclimbtheMayanpyramid.C.Thewriterdidn’ttakepartinthebigmarathon。D.Thewriterdidn’thaveholiday

swithhisfamily.解析：C细节理解题。本题需要逐个排除选项。A项意为“作者最后没有减掉任何重量。”，根据文章倒数第二段关键句IhadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoalandyetIhadlos

t43pounds.可知作者减掉了43磅，所以此项错误；B项意为“作者没有登玛雅金字塔”，根据倒数第二段IhadfailedtoclimbtothetopofthatMayanpyramid,butId

idclimbitandstoodontheseancientstones.可知作者登过金字塔，只是没有登顶；C项意为“作者没有参加马拉松”，根据文章第一段ThereIsat,infrontofmyTV,whileIwatchedotherscrossthefinishl

ine.可知比赛时，作者在电视机前，所以此项正确；D项意为“作者没有和家人度假”，根据第二段ItseemedthatoneveryvacationIwastheonewhocouldn’tgothedistance.可知作者去

度假了，所以此项不符合题意，故选C。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasrevvedup.”probablymean?A.Igotexcited.B.Ifeltmoved.C.Iwaspushe

d.D.Iwaschosen.解析：A词义猜测题。A项意为“我变得激动”，B项意为“我感到感动”；C项意为“我被推动”；D项意为“我被选择”，根据划线短语前面句子Trainingsoundedcoolerthandietandexercise可知“

训练听起来比节食和锻炼更酷”，划线短语后面句子“readytogo”我准备好去了，可知作者内心对这件事是渴望的，激动的。故选A。3.Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriterinthepassage?A.Cle

verandfriendly.B.Interestingandproud.C.Humorousandhopeful.D.Kindandstrong-willed.解析：C推理判断题。A项意为“聪明的和友好的”；B项意为“有趣的和骄傲的”；C项

意为“幽默的和有希望的”，D项意为“善良的和意志坚强的”。根据文章最后一段Allmyfailuresweresoundinglikeasuccessstory.可知作者认为所有的失败听起来就像成功的故事，所以作者是一个幽默的，对生活

充满希望的人，故选C。4.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.oneshouldnevergiveuphalfwayB.settingagoatisthekeytosuccessC.onecanlearnbymakingandcorrectingmist

akesD.tryingbutfailingtoreachthegoalisstillmeaningful解析：D推理判断题。A项意为“一个人从不应该半途而废”；B项意为“树立目标是成功的关键”；C项意为“人们可以通过犯错误并改正错误学习”；D项意为“尝试但没有达

到目标仍然是有意义的”，根据文章最后一段Allmyfailuresweresoundinglikeasuccessstory.可知作者认为只要尝试过，尽管失败了，但仍是一种形式的成功，故选D。精讲笔记语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性

及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少掌握2种）细节理解题1推理判断题3、4词义猜测题2主旨大意题基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义n.成功n.失败marathonn.happenv.prepareforadv.当然adj.生气

的pityn.adj.感谢的giveup能力提升二、句子英汉互译★★1.看起来他不在这。______________________________________________.2.似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。__________________________

____________________.3.ItseemedthatoneveryvacationIwastheonewhocouldn’tgothedistance.______________________________________________.4.Ihadfailedtoc

limbtothetopofthatMayanpyramid,butIdidclimbitandstoodontheseancientstones.Ihadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoalandyet

Ihadlost43pounds.Icouldn’twalk12milesinfourhours,butIcouldwalk12miles.______________________________________________.

5.Itsnowedallday,anditseemedthatitwouldneverletup.______________________________________________.阅读练习话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类议论文432

7分钟__/4★★★★Entertainment(娱乐）isadevelopingbusiness.Itspopularitycontinuestogrowasitkeepsupwithtechnology.Morepeoplearewillingtopa

yforentertainmentwiththeirtimeandmoney.Sometimesentertainmentisaformofescapism（逃避）.Ittakesusawayfromourrealityandgetsusint

oanotherworld—notourown.•Whydowewanttoescape?Boredomorloneliness:Theboredomofdailylifegetstousandwefeelweneedsomeexcitementandabit

change.ATVrunninginthebackground,andmaybecatchingourattentioneverynowandthen,keepsuscompany.Fearandavoidance:Wedon’twanttofacesomethingwefear

,orcan’tbringourselvestomovepastthefearanddosomethingaboutit.We’rescaredtogoforwhatwewant,sowechoosetoturnontheTV.Struggle:Lif

esometimesfeelslikeabattle—traffic,work,takingcareofourselvesandkeepingupwithwhat'sgoingon.Attheendofthe

dayallwewanttodoisforgetaboutallofitandsitmindlesslyinfrontofTV.Escapinghasneverbeeneasierthantoday.Wehav

emanyformsofescape.Andthemostfavoredisentertainment.•_________Easytoreachandaffordable：YoucanstayathomeandwatchTV,orsurfonlinealldaylong.S

ocialconnection：onecanlineupforanewmovieandsocializewithotherpeopleorgotoaballgameandcheerforhisorherfavoriteteam.Enter

tainmenthasbecomesomethingpeoplehaveincommonandcantalkabout.Allformsofentertainmentareokayifweknowwhatwe'redoing.

Andmoreimportantly,wehavecompletecontroloverwhenentertainmentcomestoanend.•Tofaceourfearsandrealityortoescape?Ify

outriedescapingbeforeanditdidn'thelp,it'stimetodealwiththeproblemsyouface.BeforewatchingaTVshow,makesuret

hattheimportantthingistakencareof.Leaveyourfavoriteshowtotheendoftheday,afteryou'vetakencareofwhatmatterstoyou.Thiswillallo

wyoutoenjoyeveryminute.Thereisnothingwrongwithentertainment,ifwedon'tplaceahighervalueonitthanourownrealityandwhatmatterst

ous.Whenweentertainourselvesmindfully,wewon'tneedtoescape.Weturnentertainmentintotherealityofthemoment.Andwhe

nwe'redone,wemoveon-withnoregret.Andthatcanbealotoffun.1.Onereasonwhywewanttoescapeisthat___________.（细节理解题）A.weareeagertogetoverourfea

rB.weprefertositmindlesslybeforeTVC.peoplearewillingtopayfortheirentertainmentD.peopleneedsomeexcitementandchan

geindailylife2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesmightbethebesttofillintheblank?（段落主旨大意题）A.Whocanwesocializewith?B.What'sthebestformofescapism?C.Whyi

sentertainmentinsuchgreatneed?D.Howdoestheentertainmentbusinessdevelop?3.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheunderlinedsentence

?（句意猜测题）A.Wecanstopentertainingwhenwewantto.B.It'smoreimportanttocontrolourdailylife.C.Entertainmentleadstothe

lossofself-control.D.Weneedtolearnaboutallformsofentertainment.4.Thewritermayagreethat________.（推理判断题）A.escapefromlifeismore

difficultthaneverB.entertainmentisthebestwayforustoenjoylifeC.thepopularityofentertainmentdependsontechnologyD.wecantrulyentert

ainourselveswithrealmattersdone参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语词性词义successn.成功failuren.失败marathonn.马拉松happenv.发生preparefor为„准备surelyadv.当然angryadj.生

气的pityn.遗憾，怜悯thankfuladj.感谢的giveup放弃二、句子英汉互译。1.Itseemedthathewasnothere.2.Itseemedthatshewasafraidtotellthemaboutit.3.似乎在每个假期，我都是那个不能远距离

出行的人。4.我没有登上玛雅金字塔的顶端，但我攀登过而且站在这些古老石头的下面；我没有实现过一次减肥目标，但我至少减掉了43磅；我不能在四小时内走完十二英里，但我至少能走12英里。5.雪一天到晚下着，好像永远不会停下来似的。阅读练习1.D2.C3.A4.D