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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解AClimateaffectshealthWhenitcomestotheeffectsofclimatechange,weusuallythinkofmeltingice

bergs(冰山)andrisingsealevels.Butfewwouldimagineitcouldactuallyimpactourmentalhealthaswell.ArecentstudybyecoAmericaandtheAmericanPsychologi

calAssociationfoundjustthat.Itwasdiscoveredthatdisasterslinkedtoclimatechangecouldcauseshockduetopersonalinjuries,lossofalovedone,damag

etopropertyoreventhelossoflivelihood.Whenthenegativeemotionscausedbytheseeventseventuallygoaway,theymayberepla

cedbylonger-termmentalimpacts.Forexample,bothsuicidesandsuicidalthoughtsmorethandoubledamongpeopleinLouisiana,US,afterHurricaneKatrinahappene

din2005,accordingtothereport.Nearlyhalfofthepeoplelivingintheaffectedareadevelopedanxietyoramooddisordersuchasdep

ression.However,disastersalonearen’ttheonlycausesofclimatechange-relatedmentalhealthproblems.Changesinclimatealsoharmagricultu

re,infrastructure(基础设施)andlivability(宜居度),whichinturnaffectjobsandqualityoflife.Asaresult,somepeoplearefor

cedtoleavetheirhomesandbecomeso-calledclimaterefugees.Theseeffectscanleadtoalossofpersonalandprofessionalidentity,orcausefeelingsofhelplessnessandfea

r.Theeffectscanalsohaveanimpactonphysicalhealth.Highlevelsofstressandanxietyarelinkedtoconditionssuchasaweakenedimmunesys

tem.Inaddition,climatechangeisinfluencingthewaycommunitiesinteract(互动).Bothlong-termeffectssuchasdroughtsandextremeweather,suchashurricanes,hav

ebeenshowntomakepeoplemoreaggressiveaccordingtoearlierstudies.Butthereisnoneedtopanic.Theauthorsofthereportsuggest

edseveralstrategiespeoplecanusetocopewiththenegativementalimpactsofclimatechange.SusanClayton,leadauthorofthereportandaprofessorofpsychology

attheCollegeofWooster,US,saidthemostimportantthingistoencouragesocialconnections,makepeoplefeelmoresecureandgivethemgreateraccesstoinformation.Anoth

erimportantfactorisbeingprepared.“Thefactthatmostofusignoreclimatechangemakestheeffectsworsebecausewedon’treallyknowwhattoexpectanditseemssc

aryandunknown”,ClaytontoldTheWashingtonPost.“Butifweinformourselvesthatthat’swhatislikelytohappeninourarea,wewouldbemorepreparedandin

controlofthesituation.”sheadded.1.Thearticlemainlytalksabout.A.thenegativeemotionscausedbynaturaldisaster

sB.whycertainpeoplereacttoclimatechangedifferentlyC.theeffectsofclimatechangeonmentalhealthandsomepossiblesolutionsD.h

owthestudyofnegativefeelingsledtoabetterunderstandingofclimatechange2.Whichofthefollowingpeoplecouldbecalledaclimaterefugee?A.Afarmerwholo

sthiskidsinHurricaneKatrina.B.Afishermanwhogaveuphishomeduetorisingsealevels.C.Amanwhoexperiencedatyphoonsuffer

ingfromdepression.D.Awomanwhoisextremelyafraidofstormyweather.3.Wecanlearnfromthelastfourparagraphsthat.A

.climatechangehasbecomeawidelyrecognizedpublicissueB.thepublicneedsimmediateaccesstoinformationaboutclimatechangeC.

thethreatofclimatechangeisnotasbigasitseemsD.theinfluenceofclimatechangecouldbereducedifpeoplepreparedmore语篇解读:本文是议论文。本文指出气候对人体的影响及相关应对措

施。答案及剖析:1.C主旨大意题。全文指出气候改变对人体尤其是精神方面的影响及应对措施。故C项正确。2.B推理判断题。由第四段“Asaresult,somepeopleareforcedtoleavetheirhomesandbecomeso-calledclimaterefugees”可知

,由于天气变化的原因被迫弃家而去的一些人称之为climaterefugees,可推知B项正确。3.D推理判断题。由后四段尤其是最后两段的具体描述和倒数第三段的论断可知D项正确。BThefreezingNortheasthasn’

tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.

IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(维生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarma

ir,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweeken

d,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables-wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’markettha

tprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a.m.to1

p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries;thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomato

es:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I’verefused

tobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,h

ard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoe

sthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal-andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwou

ldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesu

ppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where-luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerth

atverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinN

ewYork?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.5.Whatmadetheauthor’sgettingupearlyworthwhile?A.Havingaswim.B.Breathi

nginfreshair.C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmers’market.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?A.Theyar

esoft.B.Theylooknice.C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.7.Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.C.Eatinarestaurant.D.B

uyfreshvegetables.语篇解读:本文为一篇记叙文。作者冬季去佛罗里达州的萨拉索塔度假,游泳池、品酒以及粉红色的晚霞都令作者陶醉不已。但是,最吸引作者的并不是这些,那么,到底是什么呢?大家快来读一读文章吧!答案及剖析:4.B推理判断题。由第一段中的T

hefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter和dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables可知,作者厌倦了纽约的冬天,因为那里根本没有乐趣,

同时也厌倦了冬天的根茎蔬菜,所以可以推断出作者认为纽约的冬天是令人厌烦、枯燥和单调的。故选B项。A项exciting“令人兴奋的”,显然与作者真实的感受相反;C项relaxing“令人放松的”,文中体现不出作者明显的放松情绪;annoy

ing“令人恼怒的”,作者只是感觉“枯燥、单调”,并非“恼怒”。5.D细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词worthwhile可以定位到第一段的最后一句。由...thebestpart...wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasota

farmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.可知,作者认为,早起去萨拉索塔农贸市场很值得,因此选D项。6.B细节理解题。由

倒数第二段中的...I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.可知,作者在纽约已经好多年不买冬季出售的西红柿了,然后通过Nomatterhowattractivet

heylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.可知,纽约冬季出售的西红柿只是看起来好看,但是吃着发干、很硬而且无味。故B项正确。A、

C、D三项与作者所描述的纽约冬季出售的西红柿的现实情况相反,故排除。7.C推理判断题。根据题干关键信息词thatevening可定位到最后一段中的...IlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopene

drestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.,句中的thatverynight是关键信息词

。由此可知,这个农场是JackDusty(一个新开的饭馆)的一个(蔬菜和水果)供应商,而幸运的是作者那晚正好要去这个位于SarasotaRitzCarlton的饭馆吃饭。故C项正确。此处并未提到“晚上去一个农场”“入住一家宾馆”,因此可以排除A、B两项。文章最后一句话说的是在那

个饭馆直接点(order)每一道带西红柿的菜,而不是D项所说的“买新鲜的蔬菜”。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018福建厦门质检)Lastyear,ImetmyfriendSteveataparty.Heinvitedmetotakepartinateachingproje

ctoverthewinterbreakinCambodia.Themorehetalkedaboutit,themore1.(interest)Ibecame.Ilefttheparty2.(think)I

mightactuallydoit.Myimmediateexcitementgaveinto3.(excuse)astheweekspassed.Thetripwouldbeexpensive,I4.(have)le

sstimetospendwithmyfamilyoverthewinterbreak,andIhadn’treallytraveledbefore.Mostofall,Iwasterrifiedoftakingtherisk.OnthedayImade

mydecision,Isuddenly5.(feel)asifIhadopenedmyeyes6.(final)andseenmyselfclearly.Ihadmovedawayfromhome,almo

stgraduatedfromcollege7.overcomeseveralsmall-scalefears.Icouldnotletfeargetinthewayofaonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.SoItookthechall

enge.Beforethetrip,Ihadn’tknown8.Iwantedtodoaftergraduation.NowIamplanningonteachingEnglishabroad.Iamstillamazedbymyexpe

rienceandthankfulforeverythingithastaught9.(I).NowIamnotafraidtotakeonchallengesandhavefaith10.myself.语篇解读:本文为记叙文。去年我的朋友史蒂夫邀请我

在寒假期间去柬埔寨任教,我欣然接受了。答案及剖析:1.interested考查形容词。本题采用了“Themore...,themore...”句型。设空处作系动词became的表语,故用形容词形式。2.thinking考查非谓语动词。think与主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系,

故答案为thinking。3.excuses考查名词复数。根据下文可推知借口不止一个,故设空处填excuse的复数形式excuses。4.wouldhave考查时态。设空处表示过去将来的事情,故用过去将来时。5.felt考查时态。设空处表示过去的情况,故

用一般过去时。6.finally考查副词。设空处需用副词作状语。7.and三个动词为递进关系,故用and连接。8.what“Iwantedtodo”为宾语从句,该从句缺少宾语且表示“事物”,故用what引导。9.me考查代词。设空处需用代词宾格形式作taught的宾

语。10.in考查介词。havefaithin为固定短语,意为:信任。Ⅲ.短文改错WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity

,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironm

enthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingd

irtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.答案:WhenIwasac

hild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomein∧thecountryside.Theretheairiscleanthemountainsaregreen.Unf

ortunately,thedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeen\shownthatglobalwarminghasalrea

dybecomeaveryproblem.Thewebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.rareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustwaystoprotectenviro

nment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.剖析:考查时态。前句是一般过去时,且本复合句的从句用了过去将来时,故此处应用一般过去时,以符合“时态一致”原则。小时候,我希望在城市里居住。我原

以为在那里我会很幸福。是过去以为,要用一般过去时态。考查冠词。城市生活与乡村生活对比,此处特指乡村,所以用inthecountryside。考查连词。乡村的空气是干净的,大山是翠绿翠绿的。前后是并列关系。考查介词with。with表示“随着„„”。考查语态

。此处表示“研究表明”,所以用主动语态。考查形容词修饰名词。用形容词修饰名词problem,不能用副词形式。averyseriousproblem一个非常严重的问题。考查名词单复数。air“空气”是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。考查限定词。many修饰后面的可

数名词复数animals。考查情态动词。情态动词后要用动词原形。考查代词。前后代词要一致,前面的主语为we,所以此处应该用our或the。