【文档说明】外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习41 ：选择性必修4 Unit 5　Into the unknown(含解析).doc，共(7)页，55.000 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-25282.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

课时质量评价(四十一)选择性必修第四册Unit5IntotheunknownA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空ATodayweknowAntarcticaasanextremeenvironment1.________(contain)icean

dsnow.Butnewresearchprovidesevidencethattheareawasverydifferentinthepast,2.________wasfoundinsideapieceofEarthsediment(沉淀物)gatheredbyresearc

hers3.________undertheseaflooroffthecoastofAntarctica.Inthesediment,they4.________(find)forestsoilestimatedtobeabout90millionyearsoldandthiswo

uldhavebeenintheCretaceousPeriod,whendinosaurswerethemainland5.________(animal).JohannKlages,whowastheleadwriterofastudyonthefi

ndings6.________(publish)inthejournalNature,saidthesedimentcollectionwasfrom7.________depthofabout30metresbelowtheoceanfloor.Klages

saidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialformedonland,notintheocean.TheEarthhasexperiencedinthepastandis8.________(current)undergoingto

day.TheresearcherssaidthattherainforestenvironmentinAntarcticawasespeciallysurprising,becauseeachyearthearea9.________(e

xperience)afour-monthpolarnightwhenthereisnosunlighttofuelplantlife.Klagessaidnoicesheetswerepresentduringthetime,but1

0.________(season)snowfallwaslikely.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员从南极洲海岸附近的海底收集的一块泥土沉积物中发现：这些沉积物是在陆地上形成的。1.containing考查非谓语动

词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语。主语Antarctica和动词contain是主动关系，用现在分词形式作定语，故填containing。2.which考查定语从句。句中包含非限制性定语从句，先行词是eviden

ce，关系词在定语从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which引导，故填which。3.from考查介词。句意：但新的研究提供了证据，证明这片区域与过去大不相同，它是在研究人员从南极洲海岸附近的海底收集的一块泥土沉积物中发现的。根据句意可知，空处表示“从，来自”，故填from。4

.found考查动词的时态。此处讲述通过研究泥土沉积物的发现，是过去发生的事。与上下文时态一致，用一般过去时，故填found。5.animals考查名词的单复数。animal是单数可数名词，与主语dinosaurs和系动词were一致用复数，故填animals。6.publis

hed考查过去分词。句中findings和动词publish之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，指这些发现被出版，故填published。7.a考查冠词。此处指收集的沉积物来自海床下大约30米的深度，adepthof...表示“„„的深度”，故填a。8.curren

tly考查副词。修饰动词undergoing用副词，故填currently。9.experiences考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“eachyear”可知，应用一般现在时，主语thearea表示单

数意义，谓语动词与之一致用第三人称单数形式，故填experiences。10.seasonal考查形容词。此处表示季节性降雪，修饰名词snowfall用形容词，故填seasonal。BFacechangingisused1.________(express)thechangingemotions

ofcharactersinSichuanOpera.Chinahasanabundanceof1，300localoperas.SichuanOperaisoneofthe2.________(old)localoperasandisthemostimportantandmostin

terestingoperaformfromSouthwesternChina.Theoperaischaracterisedbyits3.________(fun)comediansanduniqueskills:facechanging,spittin

gfireandrollinglight.Facechangingisanimportantintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)inChina.Sofar,onlyafewmasters4.___

_____(grasp)thisskill.Theyknow5.________tochangeSichuanOperamasksinaflash.Astheywavetheirarmsandtwisttheirheads,theirpaintedmasks

changeagainandagain.Facechanginggotitsstart300yearsago.In6.________beginning,operamasterschangedthecol

ouroftheirfaceduringperformancesby7.________(blow)intoabowlofred,blackorgoldpowder.Thepowderwouldsticktotheiroiledskin8.________(quick).

Bythe1920s,operamastersbeganusinglayersofmasks9.________(make)ofoiledpaper.Themasterscouldpeeloneafteranotheralmostimmediately.Atpresentthemastersuse

paintedsilkmasks,10.________canbeworninlayers,asmanyastwodozen,andbepulledoffonebyone.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。变脸是川剧的特技之一，用

以表达人物的情感变化。1.toexpress考查固定用法。beusedtodosth.意为“被用来做某事”。2.oldest考查形容词的最高级。“oneofthe＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”意为“最„„的„„之一”。3.funny考查形容词。设空处修饰comedians,表示“有趣的”，故填fun

ny。4.havegrasped考查动词的时态。由前面的“Sofar”可知，应用现在完成时，故填havegrasped。5.how考查疑问词。know后是一个“疑问词＋不定式”结构，且设空处表示方式，故填how。6.the考查冠词。inthebeginnin

g意为“起初”。故填the。7.blowing考查固定用法。介词by后需用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填blowing。8.quickly考查副词。设空处修饰动词stick,表示“迅速地”，故填quickly。9.made考查非谓语动词。make和

masks之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且make所表示的动作已经完成，故填made。10.which考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明masks,且在从句中作主语，故填which。Ⅱ.根据

提示补全句子1.因为对顾客粗鲁，这个年轻人很可能会被解雇。(Itis...that)Itispossible/likelythattheyoungmanwillbedismissedbecauseofhisrudenesstothecustomer.2.不论你的梦想是什么，你都需要

努力去实现它。(whatever)Whateveryourdreamis,youshouldworkhardtorealiseit.3.为什么运河被埋上了依然是一个谜。(why＋从句)Whythecanalwasburiedisstillamystery.4.他对一切都感到好奇的事实使他有

了自己的发明。(fact)Thefactthathewascuriousabouteverythingcontributedtohisinvention.5.你没必要为你儿子担心。(thereisnoneed..

.)Thereisnoneedforyoutoworryaboutyourson.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Theuniverseisexpandingfasterthanitusedto,meaningit'saboutabillionyearsyounger

thanwethought,anewstudybyaNobelPrizewinnersays.AtissueisanumbercalledtheHubbleconstant,acalculationforhowfasttheuni

verseisexpanding.Somescientistscallitthemostimportantnumberincosmology,thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverse.UsingNA

SA'SHubbleSpaceTelescope,theJohnsHopkinsUniversityastronomerAdamRiessconcludedinTheAstrophysicalJour

nalthatthefigureis9%higherthanthepreviouscalculation,whichwasbasedonstudyingleftoversfromtheBigBang.ThetroubleisRiessandothersthinkbo

thcalculationsarecorrect.Confused?That'sOK,soaretheexperts.Theyfindtheconflictsoconfusingthattheyaretalkingaboutcomingupwith“

newphysics”，incorporating(合作)perhapssomeyet-to-be-discoveredparticleorothercosmic(宇宙)“fudgefactors”likedarkenergyordark

matter.“It'slookingmoreandmorelikeweweregoingtoneedsomethingnewtoexplainthis，”saidRiess,whowonthe2011Nobelinphysics.NASAastrophy

sicistJohnMather,anotherNobelwinner,saidthisleavestwoobviousoptions,“1.We'remakingmistakeswecan'tfindyet.2.Natur

ehassomethingwecan'tfindyet.”Evenwiththediscovery,lifecontinuesonEarththewayitalwayshas.Buttoastrophysiciststryingtogetahandleonourplaceinthi

sexpandinguniverse,thisisacosmicconcern.Infact,theuniverseisreallymystical(神秘的).Scientistshavedonelot

sofstudyaboutitbutthereisstillmuchtheyhaven'tdiscovered.1.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.TheEarthisyoungerthanexpected.

B.Manyuniversalproblemsarerising.C.Theuniverseisgrowingfasterthanbefore.D.Thefindingisbasedonpastscientis

ts'calculations.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph2?A.TheHubbleconstant.B.Thefasterexpandinguniverse

.C.Thedevelopmentoftheuniverse.D.Thescientificresearchontheuniverse.3.Howdotheexpertsrespondtotheconflictofthefi

ndinginParagraph4?A.Theywanttoraiseanewtheory.B.Theywanttoexploredarkmatter.C.Theywanttofurthercalculat

ethefinding.D.Theywanttomixtogetherbothcalculations.4.WhatcanweinferfromJohnMather'swords?A.Wecannotfindanythinguseful.B.Astro

nomersaremakingmanymistakes.C.Weneedtolearnabouttheuniverse.D.Wecannotfindsomethingnewfromnature.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现宇宙比我们想象的要年轻10亿年。1.A细节理解题

。根据第一段内容可知，一位诺贝尔奖得主的一项新研究称，宇宙比过去膨胀得更快，这意味着它比我们想象的要年轻10亿年，故A项正确。2.A代词指代题。根据画线词前的“AtissueisanumbercalledtheHu

bbleconstant,acalculationforhowfasttheuniverseisexpanding.”可知，争论的焦点是一个被称为哈勃常数的数字，它是用来计算宇宙膨胀速度的，因此此处是说一些科学家把哈勃常数称为宇宙学中最重要的数字。由此可知it指代的就是前面

提到的“哈勃常数”，故A项正确。3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theyfindtheconflictsoconfusingthattheyaretalkingaboutcomingupwith‘newphysics’”可知，他们发现这种冲突是如此令人困惑，以至于他们正在讨论“

新物理学”理论(想提出一种新理论)，故A项正确。4.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，约翰·马瑟的话表明我们对宇宙的了解还不够，需要进一步了解宇宙，故C项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Theyear79ADwouldhaveseemed—just,

likeanyotheryearintheRomancityofPompeii.Eachday,thestreetswerefilledwiththesoundsofbusyshopsandcustomersenjoyingthe

city'smanycafes.1NoonegaveanythoughttoMountVesuvius,avolcanoclosetoPompeii.Vesuviushadbeeninactiveforyears.Thesoilinthatare

awasgoodforagriculture.2Butthesleepingmountainwasabouttowakeup...Theeruptionwhenithappened,wasunlikeanythingwitnessedbefore.Ahugecloudofh

otashrockroseintotheair,coveringthesurroundingarea.Ayoungmanwatchingfromadistance,recordedhowthethickdarkcloudspreadev

erywhere.3Theytookwhattheycouldastheytriedtogetawayfromthecity.Butmanyweretrappedbyfallingbuildings.Suddenly,therewasa

powerfulflowofgas,ashandrock.ItmoveddownVesuviusataspeedofabout450kilometresanhour.4Thecitywascoveredbyuptosixmetresofash.Pompe

iibecameacityfrozenintime.5Manybodieshavebeenfoundinthesamepositionsinwhichtheyfell.Workcontinuestouncovertherestofthecity—andtheancientsto

riesithastotell.A.Pompeiiwasleftintotaldarkness.B.Thecitywasrediscoveredinthemid­18thcentury.C.ThepeopleofPompeiihadnore

asontofearthevolcano.D.Peoplebathedandchattedhappilyinthebeautifullybuiltbaths.E.Hedescribedhowpeoplewerefrig

htenedbythesuddendisaster.F.WhenitreachedPompeii,itimmediatelykilledanyoneinitspath.G.Smoke,mud,flamesandburningstonesspewedfromth

esummitofthemountain.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了公元79年罗马庞贝城维苏威火山突然爆发带来的巨大灾难。1.D该段第一句提到“公元79年的罗马庞贝城本该和其他任何一年一

样。”，空前一句描述庞贝城日常的生活情景，选项D“人们在建造精美的浴池里愉快地沐浴和聊天。”也是描述庞贝城中人们的日常生活，顺承空前一句的话题。故选D。2.C空前一句提到“维苏威火山已经停止活动多年了”，空前一句说明

原因，选项C“庞贝人没有理由去担心沉睡的火山。”说明结果。选项C顺承上文的话题。故选C。3.E选项E“他描述了人们是如何被突如其来的灾难所吓到的。”与上文“一个年轻人从远处观察着，记录下了浓浓的乌云是如何四处蔓延的。”为承接关系。选项E中He指代上一句中的“Ay

oungman”。故选E。4.F选项F“当它到达庞贝城时，它立刻杀死了流经路上的人。”与上文“它以每小时450公里的速度向维苏威火山移动。”为承接关系。选项F中的it和空前一句中的it都是指代“apowerfulflowofgas,ashandrock”。故选F。5.B选项B“这座城市在

18世纪中叶被重新发现。”与下文“许多尸体都是在他们倒下的地方被发现的。”为承接关系。选项B中的“rediscovered”与下文中的“havebeenfound”和“uncover”语义相同，是词汇复现。故选B。