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课时质量评价(三十七)选择性必修第四册Unit1LookingforwardsA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AWhatwillourcitiesbelikein2050?Howmuchwillartificialintelligenceadvance?Somescientists1.

________(make)differentpredictionsrecently.JoelCohenfromTheRockefellerUniversitysays2.________islikelythatby2050themajorityofthepeopleinthewor

ldwillliveinurbanareas,andwillhavea3.________(significant)higheraverageagethanpeopletoday.Citieswillbe4.________onlyreal

isticsolutiontohousingapopulationthatisexpectedtoexpand5.________9.7billionby2050.Andthetechnologywillkeep6.________(advance)rapidly.Accordin

gtoBillMitchell,thelatedirectorofMITMediaLab'sSmartCitiesresearchgroup,citiesofthefuturewon'tlooklike“somesortofscience­ficti

onfantasy”or“StarTrek”butvirtualrealitywillchange7.________welive.Self-drivingcarswillmaketheroads8.__

______(secure),drivingmoreefficient,andprovidefastertransport.CharlesEbingerattheBrookingsInstitutionalsothinksthatby2050wewillalsohaveaso­called“

smartgrid”whereallofour9.________(appliance)arelinkeddirectlytoenergydistribution(分布)systems,10.________(allow)forre

al-timepricingbasedonsupplyanddemand.Suchatechnologywouldgreatlybenefitmostpeopleandreducefossilfuelenergy.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。几位科学家对205

0年的城市生活进行了预测。1.havemade考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的recently可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语为Somescientists，故填havemade。2.it考查代词。分析句子结构可知，says后为宾语从句，宾语从句中that引导的从句为真正的主语，此处

应用it作形式主语。3.significantly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰形容词的比较级higher，应用副词形式。4.the考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，solution为主句的表语，又根据空后的only可知，此处应用定冠词the。5.to考查介词。此处表示“到2050年人口预计增加

到97亿”，应用介词to。6.advancing考查固定用法。keepdoingsth.意为“继续做某事”，为固定用法。7.how考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句作change的宾语，且此处表示“虚拟现实将会改变我们如何生活”，故填how。8.securer考查

形容词的比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，应用形容词作宾补，且根据空后的“drivingmoreefficient,andprovidefastertransport”可知，此处应用比较

级。9.appliances考查名词的单复数。appliance为可数名词，根据空前的allof和空后的are可知，此处应用名词复数形式。10.allowing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词-ing形式

作状语。BMobilephoneshavetakenoverourmodernworld.Thesesmallcomputer­likephonescanaccesstheInternet,docountles

s1.________(task)throughapplications,andofcoursemakecallsandsendtextmessages.Themajorbenefitof2.________(have)a

mobilephoneisthatitiseasiertoexpressoneselfthroughcommunicationandcreativity,tobesafe,andtoconnecttotheInt

ernet.Communicating3.________lovedones,colleagues,friendsandmorehasneverbeensimpler.Byallowinginstantaccesstoanydesireddest

inationacrosstheglobe,mobilephones4.________(change)thelandscapeofcommunicationsofar.5.________(global),cellphonesareimportantinday­t

o­daylife.Besidestheeaseofcommunication,expressingoneselfcreativelyhasalsoneverbeensostraightforward.Withourapplications,wecaneasilydra

w,takephotographs,write,edit,paint,makevideos,andmore.Mobilephonesarealso6.________(fantasy)forkeepingussafe.Mobilephonesallowustocallforh

elp,aidusinfindingourcarsandgiveustheopportunity7.________(employ)GPStomakesurewedonotgetlost.Themoreapplicat

ionsyouhave,the8.________(great)chanceyouaresafe.Youmighthaveaflashlightappor9.________emergencycallapp.Theycanhelpyou10.________adi

fficultsituationarisesalot.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。手机在我们的生活中非常重要，本文介绍了手机的重要性。1.tasks考查名词的单复数。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，此处的task表示

泛指，故用其复数形式，故填tasks。2.having考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，of是介词，空处填动名词，故填having。3.with考查固定搭配。communicatewith为固定搭配，意为“与„„

交流”，符合题意，故填with。4.havechanged考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处填动词，再根据句中的“sofar”可知，空处用现在完成时，故填havechanged。5.Globally考查副词。分析

句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰其后的整个句子，globally是global的副词形式，意为“世界上，全球上”，故填Globally。6.fantastic考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词作表语。fantastic是fantasy的形容词

，意为“极好的”，故填fantastic。7.toemploy考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，此处用不定式作定语修饰opportunity，故填toemploy。8.greater考查固定句式。分析句子结构可

知，本句采用了固定句式“the＋形容词比较级，the＋形容词比较级”，意为“越„„越„„”，故填greater。9.an考查不定冠词。结合句意可知，此处的emergencycallapp表示泛指，又因emergency为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。10.i

f考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处用从属连词引导状语从句，再根据句意可知，此处表示条件，if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，故填if。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.我们发现私家侦探正在检查窗子上的小圆点。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Wefoundthede

tectivecheckingoutthedotsonthewindow.2.一看到实习生们一边工作一边聊天，老板就勃然大怒了。(ondoing...)Onseeingthetraineeschattingwhileworking,thebossburstwithanger.3.

得知结果后，他的妈妈绝望地看着他。(desperation)Knowingtheresult,hismotherlookedathimindesperation．4.度过了快乐的少年时代，他决心好好学习以实现他执教一支超群的球队的志向。(分词短语作状语)Havingspentahappybo

yhood,heisdeterminedtostudyhardtoachievehisambitiontocoachaleadingteam.5.把所有因素都考虑在内，她的表演是令人满意的。(独立主语结构)Allthingstakenintoacc

ount,herperformanceissatisfactory.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解UpskillingIstheFuture—ButItMustWorkforEveryoneAutomationandjobr

eplacementwillbeoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfortheglobaleconomyofthecomingdecades.A2017Mckinseyre

portestablishedthat375millionworkerswillneedtoswitchoccupationalcategoriesby2030.TheWorldEconomicForumsuggeststhatby

2022,automationwillreplace75millionjobsglobally—butcreate133millionnewones.Researchintothelikelihoodthatajobwillbeimpactedby

digitisationhaslargelyfocusedonthe“automatability”oftheroleandthefollowingeconomicregionalandpoliticaleffectsofthis.Wha

tthisresearchdoesn'ttakeintoaccountissomethingmoreimportantforthemillionsoftaxidriversandretailworkersac

rosstheglobe:theirlikelihoodofbeingabletochangetoanotherjobthatisn'tautomatable.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheanswertothismayb

ethattheskillsthatenableworkerstomoveuptheladdertomorecomplexroleswithintheircurrentareasmightbelessimportantthanbroaderskil

lsthatwillenableworkerstochangeacrossdivisions.InJuly,Amazonannouncedthatitwouldspend$700millionretrainingaround30%ofits

300，000USworkforce.Whilepraiseworthy,itwillbeinterestingtoseetheoutcome.IntheUK,theNationalRetrainingSchemehaslargelybeenledbyemployers,meaningtha

tthoseonzero­hourscontractsandpart­timeworkers—oftenlow-skilled—willmissout.Governancewillbeacrucialelemento

fensuringthatsuchschemesfocusonindividualsandlife­longlearning,ratherthanupskillingworkersintorolesthatwillsoonalsofaceautom

ation.AccordingtotheMckinseyreport,“growingawarenessofthescaleofthetaskaheadhasyettotranslateintoaction.Publicspendingonlabour­forcet

rainingandsupporthasfallenforyearsinmostmembercountriesoftheOrganisationforEconomicCo­operationandDevelopment

，”whichimpactsmorethanjustthelow­skilledandpoorlycompensated.Theglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,between1988

and2015,incomeinequalityincreasedthroughouttheworld.Billionsofpeopledonothavetheessentialsoflifeasdefinedbyt

heUNSustainableDevelopmentgoals.Alongsideclimatechange,automationisarguablytech'sbiggestchallenge.Aswithglobalisation,governmentsandem

ployers—andusworkers—ignoreitspotentialconsequencesatrisktoourselves.1.ItcanbeknownfromParagraph2that____

____．A.recentresearchhasfoundwaystofaceautomationB.broadskillsareofgreatsignificanceinchangingjobsC.regionaleconomycanaffectt

heautomatabilityofajobD.itisevenharderforworkerstomoveupthesocialladder2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecurrentretrainingprogrammes?A.Supportive

.B.Critical.C.Skeptical.D.Sympathetic.3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisoneconsequenceofautomation?A.Lessspendingontraining.B.Aslowdownofglob

alisation.C.Socialunrestandinstability.D.Anincreaseinincomeinequality.4.Thepassageiswrittento________．A.arguetheurgencyofcrea

tingnewjobsB.compareglobalisationwithautomationC.analysetheautomatabilityofcertainjobsD.stresstheimportanceofupskillingworkers【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主

要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大的挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章还说明了再培训项目存在的问题。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recentresearchsuggeststhatthea

nswertothismaybe...tochangeacrossdivisions.”可知，广泛的技能在换工作时是非常重要的。故选B。2.C观点态度题。根据第三段中的“IntheUK,theNationalRetrainingSchemehasla

rgelybeenledbyemployers,meaningthat...”可知，在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些签订临时合同的人和兼职人员——往往技能低下——将会错过机会。由此可推知，作者对当下实施的再培训计划持怀疑态度。故选C。3.D

写作意图题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,...”可知，研究表明，1988年至2015年期间，世界各地的收入不平等现象加剧，这也让自动化对全球的影响得到了缓解。

由此可推知，作者认为自动化的一个后果是收入不平等加剧。故选D。4.D写作意图题。根据文章标题“UpskillingIstheFuture—ButItMustWorkforEveryone(技能提升是未来的趋势，但它必须适用于每个人)”

，结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能可推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填

空(2021·齐鲁名校模拟)ThenotionofbuildingbrandpersonalityispromotedbyStarbucksasapartofcompanyculturetoembedmeaningintheirproductsandth

usattractmorecustomers.Starbucksliterallychangedthedefinitionof“agoodcupofcoffee”.ForStarbucks,thebrandhadthreeelements

:coffee,1andstores.Strictcontroloverthequalityandprocessingofthebeans2thatthecoffeewouldbeofthehighestpossiblequality.Outstandingsto

repersonnelwereemployedandtrainedincoffeeknowledgeand3service.Storedesign,atmosphereandaroma(浓香)all4the“S

tarbucksExperience”．AlmostallStarbucksstoreswerecorporatelyownedandcontrolled.Starbucksprideditselfonthe“StarbucksExperience”，5co

ffeetoprovideauniqueexperienceforitscustomers.6thosetraditionalcoffeehousesprovidingyouwiththegrab­and­goservice,Starbucksprovid

esyouwithmorethancoffee.Yougetgreatpeople,first­ratemusic,acomfortableandupbeatmeetingplace,and7adviceonbrewingexcell

entcoffeeathome.Athomeyou'repartofafamily.Atworkyou'repartofacompany.Andsomewhereinbetweenisaplacewhereyoucansitbackandbeyourself.Th

at'swhataStarbucksstorehasbeen8tocreatingforitscustomers—akindof“thirdplace”wheretheycan9，reflect,read,chatorlisten.ThegreenStarbuckslogoisamermai

dthatlooksliketheendofthedoubleimageofthesea.ItwasdesignedbyTerryHeckler,whogotthe10fromthewoodenstatueofthesea.Mermaidlogoalso11originaland

modernmeanings:herfaceisverysimple,butwithmodernabstractformsofpackaging;themiddleisblackandwhite,theonlycolourontheoutsidesurroundedb

yacircle.StarbucksmakesthetypicalAmericanculturegraduallybrokendownintoelementsof12：thevisualwarmth,hearingtheway,smellingthearomaofcoffeeands

oon.Justthink,throughthehugeglasswindows,watchingthecrowdedstreets,13sippingacoffeeflavour,whichisinline

withthe“Yapi”，thefeelingofexperienceinthe14life.Butthe15ofStarbucksisnotaboutthecoffee,althoughit'sgreatcoffee.Coffeeisonlyacarrier.Coffeecon

sumption,toagreatextent,isanemotionalandculturallevelofconsumption.1.A.peopleB.managersC.customersD.clients2.A.

acceptedB.promisedC.ensuredD.predicted3.A.emergencyB.environmentC.employmentD.customer4.A.consistedofB.benefitedfromC.contributedtoD.headedfor5.A.

goingbeyondB.comingacrossC.makingupD.dependingon6.A.WithregardtoB.InadditiontoC.ComparedwithD.Intermsof7.A.generalB.reasonableC.legalD.fas

cinating8.A.committedB.alertedC.subjectedD.required9.A.negotiateB.performC.concealD.escape10.A.imagi

nationB.inspirationC.patentD.philosophy11.A.createsB.cultivatesC.creditsD.conveys12.A.brandB.logoC.possessionD.experience13.A.greedilyB.gentlyC.pe

rsistentlyD.indifferently14.A.busyB.easyC.miserableD.energetic15.A.productB.visionC.essenceD.importanc

e【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然星巴克的咖啡很棒，但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的企业文化。1.A上文说星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分，将意义嵌入产品中，从而吸引更多的顾客，由此可知，人是星巴克品牌文化的

三个要素之一，故A项正确。2.C对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格控制的目的自然是确保咖啡的最高品质，故C项正确。3.D根据常识可知，店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训，customerservice表示“客户服务”，故

D项正确。4.Ccontributeto“有助于，为„„做贡献”。根据常识可知，咖啡店的设计、氛围和浓郁的香气都有助于增强顾客在星巴克的体验感，故C项正确。5.A下文说星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡，由此可知，“星巴克体验”超出了咖啡，为顾客提供独特的体验。故A项正确。6.C空

后提到了传统咖啡店的服务，因此是星巴克与传统咖啡店的对比，故C项正确。7.B根据常识可知，星巴克自然会为顾客提供在家煮一杯好咖啡的合理建议，故B项正确。8.A句意：这就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的一种“第三空间”

，在那里他们可以远离(喧嚣)、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。becommittedto表示“致力于”，故A项正确。9.D根据空后的“reflect,read,chatorlisten”可知，在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里，人们可以远离(喧嚣)，旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境，故D项正确。10.B上文说绿色

星巴克标识是一个美人鱼，这个是泰瑞·赫克勒设计的，设计灵感来自木制的海洋雕像，故B项正确。11.D根据常识可知，一个品牌的标识自然会传达某种含义，故D项正确。12.D根据冒号后的内容可知此处指“体验元素”，故D项正确。

13.B根据常识可知，刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的，要一小口一小口轻轻地啜着喝，故B项正确。14.A根据上文说的拥挤的街道可知，平时的生活节奏是很快的，因此此处指的是“忙碌的生活”，故A项正确。15.C空后说咖啡只是一种载体，咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费，因此此处是说星巴克的精髓

不在于咖啡，而在于它的文化，故C项正确。