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课时质量评价(三十五)选择性必修第三册Unit5LearningfromnatureA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空ASunBearThoughsmall,theycanbeveryaggressive,soifyouseeone,don'tm

istakeit1.________asoftlovelyteddybear！Thesunbearlivesintrees,2.________you'llneedtokeepyoureyesonthetreeifyouwa

nttoseeoneandyoucanonlyseethemintherainforestsinSoutheastAsia.Theyareessentialtoourecosystembecausetheyhelpspreadseedswhilealsokeepingdisgustedtermit

es(白蚁)undercontrol,whichmeansthereisless3.________(destruct)ofourtropicaltrees,whichinturn4.________(mean)ouratmosphereiscleanenoughforus

tolive5.________(healthy)．Whentheydocomedownfromthetrees,theyalsodigforinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)inthesoil,6.________(improve)thefores

t'snutrientcyclebymixingtherichandpoorsoil.Unfortunately,theirglobalpopulation7.________(decline)30%overthelastfewyears,makin

gthemthesecond8.________(rare)bearspeciesnexttothegiantpanda.Theirtonguesareupto25cmin9.________(long)andhelpthemtos

atisfytheirgreedyappetiteforhoney,10.________sometimesmakesthemknownas“honeybears”.YoucantelltheSunBearapartfromo

therbearspeciesfromthehorseshoemarksontheirchest.Notwomarkingsarethesame!【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太阳熊的相关信息。1.for考查固定搭配

。mistake...for...是固定短语，意为“把„„错认为，把„„误当作”。故填for。2.so考查连词。太阳熊生活在树上，所以如果你想看它，你就得盯着树看。根据语境可知，空格前后之间是因果关系，所以用连词so。故填so。3.destruction考查词性

转换。根据空格前的形容词“less”可知，此处应用名词形式。故填destruction。4.means考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个which引导的非限制性定语从句，是一个整体，又根据前文“whichmeans”可知，从句用一般现在时态。故填means。5.

healthily考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词live。故填healthily。6.improving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语动词是“dig”，所以此处应用非谓语动词；再根据句意可知，此处应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填improving。7.hasdecli

ned考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“overthelastfewyears”可知，此处应用现在完成时；再由主语“theirglobalpopulation”表示单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填hasdeclined。8.rarest考查形容词的最高级。根

据空格前的“thesecond”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填rarest。9.length考查固定用法。inlength是固定用法，意为“在长度上”。故填length。10.which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限

制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个部分，关系词在从句中作主语所以用which引导该从句。故填which。BWerecogniseourfriends'faces.Andwearenotalone.Manysocialanimalscanalsoidenti

fyindividualsoftheirownspeciesbytheirfacial1.________(feature),becausetheyneedtoadjusttheirbehaviour2._

_______(depend)onwhotheymeet.Andaresearchhasshownthatsomedomesticated(驯养的)animalscanevendistinguishamongdifferentfacesinphotographs.Researcher

sfirst3.________(teach)horsesto“choose”betweentwoside-by-sideimagesonacomputerscreen.Thenthehorsesthatwereshownphotosoftheirk

eeperalongsidefacesof4.________(familiar)humansignoredthestrangers'faces,identifying5.________(correct)theirkeeperabout75%ofthetime.What'smore

,thehorsesalsopreferentiallypickedphotosoftheirpreviouskeeper.Andthey6.________(be)atleastasaccurateinpickingouttheirpreviouskeeper7

.________theywereatidentifyingtheircurrentone.Inaddition,horsesseemtohave8.________stronglong-termmemoryforhumanfaces,consistentwit

htheirlonglifespanandhistoryofdomestication.Infutureexperiments,theresearchersmaytestwhetherlookingatphotosofpeoplethatth

eyhavehadbadexperienceswithinthepastmightcausehorses9.________(act)anxiously.Somaybethinktwicebeforedoinganything10.________m

ightgiveahorsealongface.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别自己的物种，一些驯养的动物甚至可以分辨照片中不同的面孔。1.features考查名词的单复数。形容词性物主代词the

ir指代主语Manysocialanimals，其后接复数名词。故填features。2.depending考查现在分词。本句已有谓语need且无连词，此空应用非谓语形式，主语they和动词depend是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填depending。3.taug

ht考查动词的时态。此处缺乏谓语动词，由全文语境可知，此研究发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时。故填taught。4.unfamiliar考查形容词。此处指“不熟悉的”，故填unfamiliar。5.correctly考查副词。

此处修饰动词identify，应用副词形式。故填correctly。6.were考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此句包含as＋adj.＋as结构，前后语法结构一致，as后面句子“theywereatidentifyingtheircurrentone”用一般过去时，此处也应用一般过去时

，主语they是复数，谓语动词用were。故填were。7.as考查固定搭配。固定搭配as＋adj.＋as，意为“„„和„„一样”。故填as。8.a考查冠词。此处泛指“一段很强的长期记忆”，strong以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。9.toact考查固定用法。

causesb./sth.todo(sth.)是固定用法，意为“导致某人/物做某事”。故填toact。10.that考查定语从句的关系词。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词anything，指物，是不定代词，在从句中作主语

，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.第一次在大众面前演讲感到紧张是很自然的。(it作形式主语)Itisnaturaltofeelnervouswhenyougiveaspeechinpublicfor

thefirsttime.2.当在舞台上模仿查理·卓别林时，他自己情不自禁地笑了。(whiledoing...)Whilemimicing/imitatingCharlieChaplinonthestage,hehimselfcouldn'thelplaughing.3.我吃惊

地发现自己对这个活动很感兴趣。(find＋宾语＋宾补)Iwassurprisedtofindmyselfinterestedintheactivity．4.早睡觉被认为是一种好习惯。(动名词短语作主语)Goingtobedearlyisconsid

eredtobeagoodhabit.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Inamajormedicalbreakthrough,TelAvivUniversityresearchershave“printed”theworld'

sfirst3Dvascularised(血管化的)engineeredheartusingapatient'sowncellsandbiologicalmaterials.Theirfindingswerepublished

onApril15inastudyinAdvancedScience.“Thisisthefirsttimeanyoneanywherehassuccessfullyengineeredandprintedanentir

eheart，”saysProf.TalDvirofDepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,wholedtheresearchforthestudy.“Thisheartismadefromhumancellsandpati

ent-specificbiologicalmaterials.Inourprocess,thesematerialsserveasthebioinks,somethingmadeofsugarsandproteinsthatcanbeusedfor3Dprintingofcompl

extissuemodels，”Prof.Dvirsays.“Peoplemanagedto3Dprintthestructureofaheartinthepast,butnotwithcellsorwithbl

oodvessels(血管).Ourresultsdemonstratethepotentialofourapproachforengineeringpersonalisedtissueandorganreplacementinthefuture.”AccordingtoProf.Dvir

，theuseof“native”patient­specificmaterialsisimportanttosuccessfullyengineeringtissuesandorgans.Theresearchersarenowplanningonculturingthep

rintedheartsinthelaband“teachingthemtobehave”likehearts,Prof.Dvirsays.Theythenplantotransplantthe3D­printedheartin

animalmodels.“Weneedtodeveloptheprintedheartfurther，”heconcludes.“Thecellsneedtoformapumpingability;theycancurrentlyc

ontract(收缩)，butweneedthemtoworktogether.Ourhopeisthatwewillsucceedandproveourmethod'sefficacy(功效)andusefulness.Maybe,intenyears,the

rewillbeorganprintersinthefinesthospitalsaroundtheworld，andtheseprocedureswillbeconductedroutinely.”1.WhatdoesProf.Dvirthinkofanearly3D-printedhe

art?A.Itwashighlypractical.B.Itwastooexpensive.C.Itwaspersonalised.D.Itwastoosimple.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthelatest3D-printedheart?A.It

canbeculturedinthelab.B.Itcanmatchapatientperfectly.C.Ithasbeentransplantedinanimals.D.Ithasbeenwidelyusedin

hospitals.3.WhatisProf.Dvir'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheprintedheart?A.Ambiguous.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Cautiou

s.4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplainthebasicprincipleof3Dtechnology.B.Tointroduceab

reakthroughofmedicalresearch.C.Todoubtthemedicalvalueofanewinvention.D.Toprovetheeffectivenessofthenewtechnology.【语篇解读】本文

是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员成功研制出了世界上第一颗有血管的3D打印心脏。1.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Peoplemanagedto3Dprintthestructureofaheartinthepast,butnotwithcellsorwi

thbloodvessels(血管)．”可知，早期的3D打印心脏没有细胞和血管，由此可知，Prof.Dvir认为早期的3D打印心脏过于简单，故D项正确。2.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Therese

archersarenowplanningonculturingtheprintedheartsinthelab”可知，研究人员目前正计划在实验室中培育这些打印心脏，由此可知，最新的3D打印心脏可以在实验室中培育，故A项正

确。3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe,intenyears,therewillbeorganprintersinthefinesthospitalsaroundtheworld，andtheseprocedureswillbeconductedroutinely

.”可知，Prof.Dvir对3D打印心脏的发展持积极态度，故B项正确。4.B写作意图题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的“Inamajormedicalbreakthrough,TelAvivUniversityresearchershave‘printed’thewor

ld'sfirst3Dvascularised(血管化的)engineeredheart”可知，本文介绍的是研究人员成功打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的3D打印心脏，这是医学上的重大突破，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这一重大医学突破，

故B项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五UrbanWildlifeCitiesarediverseecosystems.Inadditiontovisitorsfromthewild,alargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcit

iesspread,weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbours.Citiesarebuiltforhumans.1Forexample,mostcity

parksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplantflowers,wedestroynaturalhabitats.2WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepa

ired,engineersaddedsmallgaps(缝隙)runningalongthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbats(蝙蝠),andsoonthebridgewasthehomeofthousandsofbats

.3Now,theyhavecometovaluetheirwingedneighbours.Thebatsareatouristattraction,andtheyeatlotsofbugs(虫子)

everynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeaimofbringingwildlifeintothecity.TheBeijingOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Theparkusednativepla

ntsandcreatedopen,naturalspacesforwildlife.TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.4Ifwelearntoshar

eourspace,wecanbecomebetterneighbourstothewildlifearoundus.5Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.A.Theyarebuilttoprotec

tbirds.B.Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.C.Ifwedonot,morespecieswillbecomeextinct.D.Theydonotalwayspr

ovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.E.Insteadofbeingkeptincages,wildlifecanmoveaboutfreely.F.Atfirst,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtog

etridofthem.G.Theywouldsitonitandtheirdroppingswouldfallintothewater.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者关于人类城市与野生动物关系的思考。1.D空格前说“Citiesarebuiltforhumans”，

空格后的“Forexample”举例可知，城市并不总是为野生动物提供住所，故选D。2.B此处设空在段首，考虑到段首句的作用，往往为主题句；由后面细节句提供的内容可知，我们人类的行为有时是可以帮助到野生动物的，故选B。3.

F根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断空处所填句子与后文内容存在叙述和时间节点的对照关系，故选F。4.E根据空格位置关系可知，其填写内容一定与空前句存在话题一致、内容承接的关系，故选E。5.C上文谈及人类如果能够与野生动物共享城市空间的好处，而空格后句子所涉及内容与空前句形成

比照关系，以及空后句的标志词“too”，可确定答案选C。