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课时质量评价(三十四)选择性必修第三册Unit4AglimpseofthefutureA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空A(2021·湘赣十四校联考)Closeto70percentoftheworld'spopulationwillliveincitiesbytheyear2050.Ex

pertswarnthatpopulation1.________(grow)willworsenhousingcrisesinsomeareas.Largecitiesaroundtheworldalreadystrugglewithhousingp

roblems.Insomeneighbourhoods,risinghousepriceshaveforced2.________verypoorawayfromtheirhomes.Manypoorpeoplenowliveinsheltersor

onthestreets.People3.________(move)tolargecitiesnownotjustforhigh-payingjobs.Manyarealsolookingforthechancetoliveandworkwithotherpeo

ple,careeradvancementandaccesstomuch4.________(good)resources.Somecountrieshavebuiltnewcapitalcities5.________(help)ease(缓解)overcrowding.Thesee

ffortshelp,butdonotsolvetheproblem.Thereportsaysthatby2030,theworldwillhavehad43verylarge6.________(city),eachwithmorethan10mill

ionpeople.TjadaMcKenna,7.________ischiefoperatingofficerforanaidgroup,saysthattheabilitytoownahomeinmanycountriesisoftendifficult,8.________(

especial)forwomenandminoritygroups.Everycityisdifferentin9.________(deal)withdevelopmentproblems.Eachonehasitsowneconomicf

orcesatworkanditsownhistory.Expertssaythatanswers10.________thehousingcrisisandotherproblemsmustbedev

elopedcitybycity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。到21世纪中叶，更多的人可能会居住在城市。专家警告说，这种人口增长将会加剧某些地区的住房危机。1.growth考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子主语，因此应用名词形式，grow的名词为growth

。故填growth。2.the考查冠词。此处指“穷人”，可用the＋adj.指代一类人。故填the。3.aremoving考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子的谓语动词，根据now判断为现在进行时，主语People是复数。故填aremoving。4.better考查形容词的比较级。

句中resources是名词，应用形容词修饰，再根据much判断此处用比较级。故填better。5.tohelp考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，再联系句意，此处表目的，故用不定式。故填tohel

p。6.cities考查名词的单复数。句中city是可数名词，根据空格之前的43可知此处用复数形式。故填cities。7.who考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词，先行词Tjada

McKenna指人，故用关系代词who。故填who。8.especially考查副词。提示词修饰介词短语“forwomenandminoritygroups”，故用副词形式。故填especially。9.dealing考查动名词。句中in为介词，其后接动

名词作宾语。故填dealing。10.to考查固定搭配。根据固定搭配answertothequestion/problem(问题的答案)可知，此处用介词to。故填to。BTheBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport(BDIA)was1.________(formal)o

penedonSept.25,2019.Locatedaround46kmsouthofTian'anmenSquare,itwasdesignedbyfamedarchitectZahaHadid.BDIAwaslisted2.________t

hefirstofthe“sevenwondersofthemodernworldnearcompletion”byTheGuardianin2015.Thenewairportcomplex,consistingofamainterminal,asupport

ingservicebuildingandaparkinglot,3.________(cover)anareaofabout1.4millionsquaremetres.Thestarfishdesignisextremelyspaceefficient,wi

th4.________journeyofjust600metresfromsecuritytothefurthestgate.5.________couldbethemostexpectedinno

vationatBDIAisitsartificialintelligence.Theairport6.________(set)upmorethan400self-servicecheck-inmachinesalready,whichcan7.________(short)pa

ssengers'waitingtimetoabout10minutes.Travellerscanbescannedoncameras8.________(use)facialrecognition.Counterscanbefullyautomate

dtocapture(抓拍)facephotosandrelay9.________(they)duringeachpartofthejourneythroughtheairport,includingsecurityandthedepar

turegate.TheDaxingAirport—saidtobetheworld'slargestterminalinasinglebuilding—isexpected10.________(receive)alargeamountof170millionpassengersby2025.I

twillbecomeanewtransporthubforthegreaterBeijingregion.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京大兴国际机场的相关信息。1.formally考查

副词。根据后面的动词“opened”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词opened。故填formally。2.as考查介词。belistedas是固定短语，意为“被列为，被记录”。故填as。3.covers考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，前面有非谓语动词co

nsisting，该句缺少谓语动词，且主语“Thenewairportcomplex”是单数，所以此处应用covers。故填covers。4.a考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一次行程”，且journey以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。5.What

考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中谓语动词is前面的是主语，所以空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，应用what引导。故填What。6.hasset考查动词的时态。already是现在完成时的标志性词，表明某件事情

已经完成，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填hasset。7.shorten考查动词。助动词can后接动词原形，所以此处应用动词形式shorten。故填shorten。8.using考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动

词，动词use与其逻辑主语travellers之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填using。9.them考查代词。动词relay后接代词的宾格形式，所以此处用them。故填them。10.toreceive考查动词不定式。expecttodo

sth.是固定搭配，意为“期望做某事”。故填toreceive。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.尽管她是个女孩子，却喜欢和男孩子一起玩。(though引导的让步状语从句)Girlthoughsheis,shelikestoplaywithbo

ys.2.越来越多的孩子让手机控制了他们的生活，这令人担忧。(get＋宾语＋宾补)Moreandmorechildrengettheirlifecontrolledbyphones,whichisworrying.3.尽管他很不情愿，但他别无选择只能走回家。(while引导的让步状语

从句)Whilehewasunwilling,hehadnochoicebuttowalkhome.4.多亏了人工智能，我可以有更多的时间陪孩子。(thanksto...)Thankstoartificialin

telligence,Icanhavemoretimetoaccompanymychild.5.说的和做的要一致。(consistent)Actionsmustbeconsistentwithwords.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读

理解Wehaveheardsomeinterestingwaysthat5Gwirelesstechnologymightchangeourlivesinthefuture.5G,shortforthe5thgenerationmobilecomm

unicationtechnology,promisesInternetspeedsbetween50and100timesfasterthancurrent4Gsystems.While5GissettobeusedinsomelimitedareasofAmericathi

syear,muchoftheworldisnotexpectedtoreceivewidelyavailableserviceuntil2023.OneprojectinBritain,however,isalreadytestingthissuperfasttec

hnologyonanunlikelygroupofInternetusers－cows.TheprojectwasdevelopedbyAmericantechnologycompanyCiscoSystems.Italsoreceivesmoneyfromt

heBritishgovernment.Ciscosaystheprogrammeseekstoexplorethefutureof5Gconnectivityinruralareasaroundtheworld.Testingareasweresetupatfarmsinthree

ruralareasofEngland.Thecowsareequippedwith5G-connecteddevices(装置)thatlinkuptoaroboticmilkingsystem,whichusessensorsandmachinelearningtof

ullyautomatetheprocess.Systemdesignerssaytechnologytakesoverafteracowfeelsreadytobemilkedandwalkstowardsanautomaticgate.Thedeviceisdes

ignedtorecogniseeachindividualcow.Itthenpositionsequipmenttotherightbodypositionformilking.Duringtheprocess,machinesreleasefoodforthec

owasareward.Other5Gtechnologytoolsincludeautomatedbrushesthatturnonwhenthecowrubsupagainstthem.Sensorsalsocontroltheamountoflighttothecows'living

areasdependingontheweather.And,anautomaticfeedingsystemmakessuretheanimalsalwaysgetenoughtoeat.DuncanForbes,headoftheproject,toldReutersthattheproj

ectshowsthefarm'scowoperationscanbegreatlyimprovedwith5Gtechnologyandthattheexperimentprovidesstrongevidencethat5Gtechnology

canbewidelyusedinthefuture,notjustonfarmsinBritain,butinruralcommunitiesacrosstheworld.1.WhatisthepurposeofCiscoSystems'p

rogramme?A.TowinfinancialsupportfromtheBritishgovernment.B.Totesttheeffectsof5Gtechnologyonanimals.C.Topromoteits

technologicaldevelopmentinBritain.D.Toexpandthefutureuseof5Ginruralcommunities.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A.The

project.B.Thecompany.C.Thetechnology.D.Thegroup.3.Whatcanwelearnabout5Gaccordingtothetext?A.Itisnoworsethan4Gintermsofspeed.B.Itisalreadywidely

availableintheworld.C.Itenablescowstocontroltheirownmilking.D.Itisbasedonsensorsandmachinelearning.4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistext

appear?A.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Education.D.Technology.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国思科公司在一个项目中将5G技术应用于奶牛身上来实现挤奶的自动化。1.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ciscosaysthep

rogrammeseekstoexplorethefutureof5Gconnectivityinruralareasaroundtheworld.”可知，该项目旨在探索全球农村地区5G连接的未来。也就是该项目是为了扩大未来5G在农村地区的使用。故选D。2.A代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Thep

rojectwasdevelopedbyAmericantechnologycompanyCiscoSystems.ItalsoreceivesmoneyfromtheBritishgovernment.”可知，这里的“it”指的就是上文中的“Theprojec

t”，故选A。3.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thecowsareequippedwith5G-connecteddevices(装置)thatlinkuptoaroboticmilkingsystem...therightbodypositionformil

king.Duringtheprocess,machinesreleasefoodforthecowasareward.”可判断出5G可以通过连接装置让奶牛自己控制挤奶。故选C。4.D文章出处题。本文主要讲的是将5G技术应用于奶牛身上，实现挤奶的自动化，由此推断这篇文章属于科学技术

板块。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五WhyIsSortingImportantWhenRecycling?Weallagreethatweshouldrecyclemoreathome,intheofficeorwhenoutandabo

ut.1Consequently,theycanbecollectedandtakentotherightplaceforrecycling.Thisiswhattheprocessofsortingallows

ustodo.2Andtheeffectivesortingneedstohappenfirst,inourownhomeandsecond,insortingplantstowhichwasteisco

llected.Whenyouputaplasticbottleintherightrecyclingbagorbin,youarehelpingsortrecyclablessothattherightmateri

alcanbefedintotherightrecyclingprocess.Ifsortingdoesnothappen,alotofrecyclablematerialscanendupinlandf

ills.Itwillleadtovaluableresourceslostfromoureconomy.3Forinstance,inBrussels,consumersputplasticpackaging,cansandbeveragecar

tonsinbluebagsdesignedforrecyclablepackaging;paperinyellowbagsforrecycling;andglassneedstobetakentospecif

iccollectionbins.Somewhatdifferently,inVienna(Austria),citizenscanexpecttheirpaper,metal,glassandplastictobeseparatelycollected

indifferentweeksoftheyear.4．Oncerecyclablematerialsarecollectedfromyourhome,theyarefurthersortedinspecialisedfacilitieswhichen

surethequalityoftherecyclingprocess.5Traditionally,sortinghasbeendoneeithermanuallywithworkerssortingwhatcanberecycledandpickingoutthematerialstobedi

scardedormechanically.Today,however,newsortingtechnologiesarebeingdevelopedinordertospeeduptheprocessofs

ortingbutalsotocausebetterresults.Excitingtechnologiesusingmagnetsoropticalsystemsarebeingusedtoeffec

tivelysortmaterialssomoreofitcanberecycled.A.Foreffectiverecyclingweneedeffectivesorting.B.Packagingatworkisthefirststeptowardsrecycling.C.Thisiswhe

redifferentsortingtechniquescomeintoplay.D.Socitizensneedtobeawareoftheirlocalcollectionsystem.E.Collectionsystemscan

beverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.F.Therestwaslandfilledorburnedeventhoughtheycouldhavebeenrecycledorreused.G.Butformateria

lstoberecycled,theyfirstneedtofindtheirwaytotherightwastestream.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在环保方面垃圾回收分类的重要性及如何具体分类。1

.G根据上文“Weallagreethatweshouldrecyclemoreathome,intheofficeorwhenoutandabout.”及下文“Consequently,theycanbeco

llectedandtakentotherightplaceforrecycling.”可知，我们都赞同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正确的废物来源。故选G。2.A根据下文“Andtheeffectivesortingneedstohappenfir

st,inourownhomeandsecond,insortingplantstowhichwasteiscollected.”可知，本段在讲述垃圾如何分类。故选A。3.E根据下文“Forinstance,inBrussels,consumersputpla

sticpackaging,cansandbeveragecartonsinbluebagsdesignedforrecyclablepackaging;paperinyellowbagsforrecyclin

g;andglassneedstobetakentospecificcollectionbins.”可知，此处列举了布鲁塞尔、维也纳等地的不同收集方法，也就是说不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同。故选E。4.D根据上文“Somewhatdiffe

rently,inVienna(Austria),citizenscanexpecttheirpaper,metal,glassandplastictobeseparatelycollectedindifferent

weeksoftheyear.”可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。故选D。5.C根据上文“Oncerecyclablematerialsarecollectedfromyourhome,t

heyarefurthersortedinspecialisedfacilitieswhichensurethequalityoftherecyclingprocess.”及下文“Traditionally,sortinghasbeendoneeit

hermanuallywithworkerssortingwhatcanberecycledandpickingoutthematerialstobediscardedormechanically.”可知，在专门的设施里，不同分类技术发

挥各自的作用。故选C。Ⅲ.完形填空Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone,theirpawsandfurburned,sufferingfromdehydration(脱水)andfear.The

ircaretakers1theirwounds,and2theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas3—theleavesofeucalyptus(桉树)tree.Asmiserablefireshave4morethan

2millionacresinAustralia,onlydozensofkoalashavebeen5fromthesmokytreesand6ground.Koalas,unlikekangaroos,birdsorsnakes,

donot7fromfiresbutinsteadclimbtreestothetop,wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor8andwaitforthedangerto9．

Butduringbigfiressuchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks,theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto10.Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree11，theanimal

smayoverheatandfalltotheground,wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath.Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised12amongscientistsandconservationists(环保

主义者).Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires,theyarefacingnew13，notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdisloca

ted(扰乱)koalas'populations,14theirabilitytosurvivefires.Wehavethese15animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwearekillingth

em.Thisisabigwake­upcall.1.A.touchedB.treatedC.ignoredD.discovered2.A.threwB.lockedC.laidD.forced3.A.fami

liarB.plentifulC.beautifulD.expensive4.A.reachedB.leftC.burnedD.trapped5.A.killedB.recognisedC.hurtD.rescued6.A.flatB.blackC.broadD.safe

7.A.escapeB.dieC.sufferD.rise8.A.balanceB.protectionC.challengeD.comfort9.A.attackB.comeC.passD.avoid10.A.jump

B.climbC.fallD.survive11.A.topB.leavesC.trunkD.root12.A.passionB.concernC.fearD.interest13.A.chancesB.choicesC

.neighboursD.threats14.A.weakeningB.developingC.enrichingD.ensuring15.A.lonelyB.stupidC.lazyD.unique【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的森林大火持续蔓延，造成许多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严重，这次

火灾警示世人要保护动物。1.B根据上文可知它们被火烧伤了，根据关键词“caretakers”可知是对伤口进行治疗。故选B。2.C它们受伤了，医护人员治疗后会小心地把它们放入篮子里。故选C。3.A根据下文可知这些受

伤的动物是考拉，故它们对桉树的叶子是熟悉的。故选A。4.C句意：由于可怕的火灾在澳大利亚已经燃烧超过两百万英亩的区域，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和烧焦的土地上，得以营救。根据“miserablefires”可知

是燃烧。故选C。5.D根据上文护理人员救治考拉可知，是考拉从大火中被营救。故选D。6.B根据上文可知，火灾十分严重，树林烟雾弥漫，大地被烧焦，因此地面是黑色的。故选B。7.A句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬

到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。由下文可知，考拉爬到树顶保护自己，因此说它们不像袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇那样能从火灾中逃脱。故选A。8.B在大火中，它们爬上树顶，蜷缩成一团是为了保护自己。故选B。9.C由上文可知，考拉爬

到树顶等待危险过去。故选C。10.D根据下文可知，即使火没有烧到树顶，动物们也会因为过热掉落到地上被烧死，所以很难存活。故选D。11.A根据上文可知，考拉是爬到树顶躲避大火。故选A。12.B考拉遭遇了火灾，科学家和环保主义者应该

是担忧的。故选B。13.D上文提到的野火对考拉来说是生存的威胁，由此可知下文提到气候变化、人类发展是它们面对的新的威胁。故选D。14.A根据上文可知，人类的发展是考拉面临的新的威胁，带来的是不好的影响，因此是削弱了考拉的生存能力。故选A。15.D根据下文“notfounda

nywhereelseonthisplanet”可知是独一无二的。故选D。