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一、阅读理解（共5题）1、NewWaytoRecycleWhenShanghaiintroducedanewgarbage﹣sortingpolicyinJulylastyear，thecity'sresidents（居民）tooksometimetogetusedtoit．

Theyjokedthateverytimetheytookouttheirgarbage，thestaff（工作人员）standingbythebinswouldask"Whatkindofgarbageareyou？"StartingonMay1，Beijingjoinedmany

Chinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarbage﹣sortingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．Residentsshouldsorttheirgarbageintofourgroupskitchen

，recyclable，hazardous（有害的）andotherwaste．Thesegroupsarerepresented（代表）byfourdifferentcolorsoftrashbins﹣green，blue，redandg

rey．Thosewhofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymayfacefinesofupto200yuan，Xinhuareported．ThewayBeijingsortsitstrashsoundsdifferentfromo

therslikeShanghaiandQingdao．Thesecitiesusefordifferentgroups：wet，recyclable，harmfulanddry．Althoughtheirnamesarediffere

nt，thegroupsareactuallythesame．WetgarbageinShanghaiis，infact，kitchengarbage．Anddrygarbageisthesameasother

waste．ChinaDailyreported．Tohelpresidentssorttheirtrashcorrectly，theBeijinggovernmentisofferingonlineguideline

s．Ifpeopledon'tknowhowtothrowawaygarbage，theycansearchforitontheWeChataccountGuanchenglish（管城理事）tofindout．B

ysearchingakeywordortakingaphoto，peoplecanimmediatelyfindoutwhichgrouptheirwastebelongsto．（1）Whatdoweknowfromthisstory？A．

Garbage﹣sortingstartedinBeijingonMay1．B．Garbage﹣sortingisbeingcarriedoutnationwide．C．Beijing'sgarbage﹣sortingpolicyisth

esameasShanghai's．（2）OtherwasteisthesameasinShanghai．A．drygarbageB．recyclablegarbageC．harmfulgarbage（3）Ifpeopledon'tfollowth

egarbage﹣sortingpolicy，．A．theywillbeforcedtolearnthepolicyB．theywon'tbeallowedtothrowtrashawayC．theymayfacefines（4）Thelastparagraphmainlyexplain

s．A．thegovernment'ssuggestionsaboutgarbage﹣sortingB．howtohelpresidentssorttheirgarbageC．problemswithBeijing'sgarbage﹣sortingpolicy（5）Wecanrea

dthisarticlein．A．astorybookB．aguidebookC．anewspaper2、Animalsareourfriends.Sometimestheymaketrouble,butsometime

stheycanhelpus.Andtheyhopetoliveahappylife,too.Herearetworealstoriesfromourreaders.ThefirststoryisfromRay."Mycat,Tiger,hatesitwhe

nIusemyiPadbecauseittakesmyattentionawayfromhim.Oneyear,Ihadafallathomeandwasonthefloorfor16hours.Duri

ngthistime,Iwasunabletomoveandcouldn'tgettothephonetocallforhelp.Tigerstayedbymysideuntilhedisappearedundermybed.'What'shepupt

o?'Iwondered.Tomysurprise,hestartedtopushsomethingtowardsme.ItwasmyiPad,whichIdidn'trealizehadfallenoffthebedandontot

hefloor.Heprobablydidn'tknowwhatitwas,butheknewthatitmademehappy.ThankstoTiger,Iwasabletocommunicatewithmyfriend,Becky,who

thentoldmydoctor."ThesecondstoryisfromColin."Yearsago,myfriendJuliussavedabird—awild'Mom'cockatoo（鹦鹉）fromthesi

deoftheroadandkeptitasapetinabigcage(笼子).Itlostoneofherwings,soshewasunabletoreturntothewild.Soon,twowildcockatoo

scamevisitingandone'Dad'birdwantedtofindhiswayintothecage.The'Mom'cockatoointhecagewassoonexpecting.Butasshecouldn'tfly,'Dad'c

ockatoobuiltahomeinthetree,keepingoffeveryonewhogotcloseto'Mom'cockatoo.'Baby'cockatoowouldspendhisdaysflyingoffwithhi

sdad,leavinghismombehind.Shewouldsitandwaituntiltheyreturnedhomeeachafternoon.Thefamilystayedtogetherhappi

ly."Afterreadingthestories,don’tyouthinkweshouldgetalongwellwithanimals?Nomattertheyareourpetsorliveinthew

ild,theyhavetheirfeelings.Weshouldrespecteverylifeintheworld.46.____________istheownerofthecat.A.BeckyB.JuliusC.ColinD.Ray47

.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referstothe_____________.A.phoneB.catC.iPadD.bed48."Mon"cockatoodidn'treturntothewildbecause_________________

___.AJuliuscaughtitasapetB.shevasbadlyhurtandcouldn'tflyC.shepreferredthelifeinthecageD."Dad"cockatoobuiltahomeinthetree49.Themainideaofthep

assageisthat_____________.A.Ray,BeckyandColinareanimalloversB.weshouldn'tuseiPadtoomuchC.friendsshouldhelpeachothe

rD.weshouldrespecteverylifeintheworld50.Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthepassage?A.Sportsnews.B.

Peopleandanimals.C.Health.D.Travel.3、Seventypercentofourplanetiscoveredbyonehugebodyofseawater﹣theocean．In2008

，theUnitedNationsrecognized（确立）June8asWorldOceansDay．It'sadaytothinkabouttheimportantrolethattheoceansplayinourli

ves，thedangersthatouroceansarefacingandtheactionwecantaketoprotectthem．TheoceanishometothemostofplantsandanimalsonEarth．Plantsintheseapro

videuswith70percentofO2webreathe．Theoceancontrolsourclimate（气候），providingheatinwinterandcoolairinsummer．Ital

soprovidesuswithfoodandmedicine．Nomatterwhereyouliveontheplanet，nomatterhowfarfromthesea，yourlifeisdependentontheocean．The

biggestproblemfacingtheoceanatthemomentisplasticpollution．Reducingsingle﹣useplastic，includingplasticbagsandplasticbottles，hasbeenanimportantthem

eforWorldOceansDayforanumberofyears．Climatechangeandrisingseatemperaturesarealsoahugeproblem．Risingseatemperatureshave

adirectinfluenceonweatherpatternsandareseenaspartlyresponsibleforanincreaseinextreme（极端的）weather．Thedayiscelebratedinallkinds

ofways，includingspecialeventsonthebeach，riverclean﹣ups，schoolactivities，artcontestsandfilmfestivals．Youcanjoinintoremindpeopleaboutth

eimportanceofouroceansandtomakeadifference．（1）Whatpercentofourplanetiscoveredwithseawater？A．30%B．40%C．70%（2）Whatisth

emainideaofParagraph2？A．Theoceanprovidesuswithheatandcoolair．B．Ourlifeisdependentontheocean．C．Theoceanprovidesuswithfoodandmedicine（3）W

hatisthebiggestproblemfacingtheocean？A．Plasticpollution．B．Reducingsingle﹣useplastic．C．Airpollution．（4）Whatispartlyres

ponsibleforanincreaseofextremeweather？A．Climatechange．B．Risingseatemperatures．C．Weatherpatterns．（5）How

dopeoplecelebrateWorldOceansDay？A．Eatingouttogether．B．Havingameeting．C．Holdingspecialevents．4、【2019•山东东营】What’saspacewalk?Anytimeanastr

onautgetsoutofaspacecraft(航天器)whileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk.Astronautsgoonspacewalksformanyreasons.Forexample,experimen

tscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffects(影响)differentthings.Bygoingonspacewalks,astronaut

scanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix.Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.Insidespacesuits,as

tronautshavetheoxygen(氧气)theyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink.Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleav

eandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraf

t.Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.Theykeepastronautsfromfloating(漂浮)awayintospace.Anotherwayastronautsstays

afeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace.Howdoas

tronautstrainforspacewalks?Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewa

lksunderwaterinahugespecialswimmingpool.Foreveryonehourtheywillspendonaspacewalk,astronautsneedtotrainsevenhoursinthepool.Anotherwayastr

onautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Itlooksandfeelsjustlikeaspacewalk.Today,onlythreecountri

eshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina.Thefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworl

dwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.ZhaiZhigangisthefirstChineseastronauttogoonaspacewalk.Theworldrecordofspacewalksisheldby

RussianastronautAnatolySolovyev.Hehasbeenon16spacewalksandspentmorethan82hoursoutsideinspace.26.Aboutthespacewalk,weca

nknow__________.A.somethingscanbefixedbyastronautsduringspacewalksB.allexperimentsmustbeplacedontheoutsideofaspa

cecraftC.anastronautcangetoutofaspacecraftanytimewhileinspaceD.aspacewalkletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffec

tsdifferentthings27.Howmanywaystokeeptheastronautssafeduringspacewalks?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.28.What’sthemeaningoftheword“tethers”inPar

agraph2?A.吊篮B.系绳C.笼子D.钩子29.Astronautstrainforspacewalksby__________.A.floatinginspaceB.usingvirtualreality

C.goingonspacewalksoutsideaspacecraftD.traininginwaterinacommonswimmingpool30.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTtrue?A.Chinacanfinishaspacew

alkindependently.B.Astronautscanbreatheanddrinkinspacesuits.C.AstronautscanmovearoundinspacewiththehelpofSAFER.D.Ana

tolySolovyevisthefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworld.5、【2019•浙江宁波模拟】Wanttoknowwhatwecandotohelpmakeourcityabetterplace

tolivein?Whynottakepartin“Clean&Greenweekend”?Joinus,andyoucanmakenewfriendsandhelpprotecttheenvironmentat

thesametime.ParkLifeDoyoulikehangingoutintheparkwithyourfriends?Ifso，whynottakethechancetocomewithusandtidyuptheparkas

yougo？Toaddsomefun,thereisagiftforthepersonwhocollectsthemostrubbish!MeetusatthesouthentrancetoTaoheParkat9a.m.nextSaturday

ifyouwanttojoinin.TheAirYouBreatheAgreatwaytomaketheairwebreathecleanerisbyplantinglotsoftrees！Itisafactthattreesslowlyfilter（过滤）alot

ofpollutantsfromtheair.SocomeandhelpusplantsomenewonesinFenheParkat2p.m.nextSunday.WaronGraffiti（涂鸦）Somepeoplethinkgraffitiiscool.Well,itis

not!Thebestwaytostopbuildingsfrombecomingtotallycoveredinuglygraffitiistogetridofitassoonaspossible.Andthat

isexactlywhatwearegoingtodo.Wearerepaintingtheschoolwallsfrom1p.m.onSaturday.Youdon’thavetobringanytools,j

ustremembertowearsomeoldclothes！根据上面三个倡议的内容，选择正确答案。12.Themainpurposeof“Clean&GreenWeekend”isto.A.makeourcitymorebeautifulB.offerthechancetohavefunC.h

elpstudentsmeetoldfriendsD.haveaniceweekend13.Thestudentswhowanttojoinintherubbishcollectingactivitymustmeet.A.at1p.m.onSaturdayB.at2p.m.nex

tSundayC.at9a.m.nextSaturdayD.at3a.m.onSunday14.Ifwe’regoingtorepainttheschoolwalls,weneedto.A.drawpictureswellB.wearsomeoldclothesC.bri

ngsometoolswithusD.wearsomenewclothes15.Accordingtothepassage,weknow.A.graffiticanmakethebuildingslookcoolB.thepersonwhocollectsrubbishcange

tagiftC.wecanplanttreestoimprovetheenvironmentD.wecandrawpicturesonthewall12—15ACBC12.A短文开头“Wanttoknow...tolivein

?”意为“想知道做什么可以让我们的城市更适宜居住吗？”故选A。13.C第一则通知中“Meetusatthe...tojoinin.”意为“如果你想加入请于下周早上9点在陶河公园南入口处集合”。故选C。14.B根据第三则通知可知“要记得穿上旧衣服”。故选B

。15.C根据第三则通知可知“树木可以过滤来自空气中的污染物”。故选C。============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、1.A2.A3.C4.B5.C【分析】文章讲述上海以及北京的垃圾分

类政策；垃圾如何分类以及不按照政策实行将受到的惩罚；政府为了帮助居民正确的垃圾分类而采取的网上指导措施．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．题目问从这个故事中我们知道了什么，根据第二段StartingonMay1，BeijingjoinedmanyChinesec

itiesbyintroducinganewgarbage﹣sortingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．可知从5月1日开始，北京也进入了垃圾分类城市的行列，A选项意为5月1日北京开始了垃圾分类，与原文相符，故选A．（2）A．细节理解题．题目意为其他垃圾与上海的__

__一样，根据第四段Anddrygarbageisthesameasotherwaste．可知干垃圾和其他垃圾是一样的，故选A．（3）C．细节理解题．题目意为如果人类不遵守垃圾分类政策，____，根据第三段Thosewhofailtoso

rttheirtrashcorrectlymayfacefinesofupto200yuan，Xinhuareported．可知如果没有正确分类垃圾可能会被罚款，故选C．（4）B．段落大意题．题目意为最后一段主要解释

了____，根据最后一段Tohelpresidentssorttheirtrashcorrectly，theBeijinggovernmentisofferingonlineguidelines．可知为了帮助居民正确分类垃圾，北京政府提供在线指导，因此判断本段主要讲了政府如何帮助居民进行垃圾分类，

故选B．（5）C．文章来源题．题目意为我们可以在____里面读到这篇文章，根据第二段StartingonMay1，BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarb

age﹣sortingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．可知本文主要讲的是有关垃圾分类的新闻，因此判断会在报纸上看到．故选C．【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题

目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查．2、DCBDB3、1.C2.B3.A4.B5.C【分析】地球的70%被海洋覆盖着，海洋是地球上大多数动植物的家园，为我们提供了我们呼吸的70%的氧气．然而海洋正面临着塑料污染、气候变化和海水温度上升等问题．联合国确立世界海

洋日来提醒人们海洋的重要性．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据第1段中"Seventypercentofourplanetiscoveredbyonehugebodyofseawater﹣theocean．"可知地球上的百分之七十被海水覆盖．故选C．（2）B．段落大意题．通读第2段内容，

尤其是根据第2段内容最后一句"Nomatterwhereyouliveontheplanet，nomatterhowfarfromthesea，yourlifeisdependentontheocean．

"可知不管你住在地球上的哪个地方，不管离海有多远，你的生活都离不开海洋．因此可知本段主要讲述的是我们的生活依靠海洋生存．故选B．（3）A．细节理解题．根据第3段中"Thebiggestproblemfacingtheoceanatthemomentisplasticpollutio

n．"可知海洋面临的最大问题是塑料污染．故选A．（4）B．细节理解题．根据第4段中"Risingseatemperatureshaveadirectinfluenceonweatherpatternsandareseenaspartlyresponsibleforanincr

easeinextremeweather．"可知不断上升的海水温度被视为极端天气增加的部分原因．故选B．（5）C．细节理解题．根据最后一段中"Thedayiscelebratedinallkindsofways，inc

ludingspecialeventsonthebeach，riverclean﹣ups，schoolactivities，artcontestsandfilmfestivals．"可知人们举办特别活动来庆祝世界海洋日．

故选C．【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力．做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答．4、【短文大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述太空漫步。包括什么是太空漫步、太空漫步的原因、太空漫步时宇航员的安全保障、宇航员如何训练太空漫步以及人类太

空漫步的历史。26.推理判断题。根据experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft可知，实验可以放在航天器的外部，而不是所有的实验都必须都放在航天器的外部，排除B；根据Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspace

craft(航天器)whileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk可知，任何时候宇航员在太空中走出飞船被叫做太空漫步，而不是宇航员在太空中任何时候都可以从宇宙飞船中出来，偷换概念，排除C；根据Forexample,experimentscanbep

lacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffects(影响)differentthings可知，实验可以在航天器的

外部这件事可以让科学家知道太空是如何影响不同的事物的，排除D；根据Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix可知，通过太空行走，宇航员可以修东西而不

用将他们带回地球修，故选A。27.细节理解题。根据Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe、Tokeeptheastronautsandthespac

ecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor、Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsus

esafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft以及AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER可知，宇航员可以穿航天服、通过一个特别的

门离开和返回航天器、用安全绳或者穿舱外活动简便救援装置，共四种，故选C。28.词义猜测题。根据Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft.

Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft可知，当太空漫步时，宇航员使用安全拴绳来与航天器保持近距离，安全绳像一个绳子，连接着太空漫步者和航天器。tether像一个绳子，所以是系绳，故选B。2

9.细节理解题。根据Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwaterinahugespecials

wimmingpool以及Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality可知，要么去特别的游泳池漂浮练习太空行走，要么使用虚拟现实练习太空行走，故选

B。30.细节理解题。根据Today,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina可知，中国能

独立地完成太空行走，排除A；根据Insidespacesuits,astronautshavetheoxygen(氧气)theyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink可知，宇航员能够在航天服里呼吸和喝水；根据

SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace可知，宇航员可以在里面移动，排除C；根据ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia可知，第

一个太空行走的人是苏联的阿里克谢列昂诺夫。故选D。5、【2019•浙江杭州】下面文章中有五处（第16﹣20题）需要添加首句．请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。Whereyousitandhowyoufit16Formorethan

seventyyears,researchersandteachershavestudiedthelinkbetweentheplacewherestudentschoosetositinclassa

ndwhattheyarelikeaspeopleandlearners.Wheredoyouusuallydecidetosit?Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthereasonsforyourdecision?17Butisthisreallytr

ue?Well,someresearcherssayitisnot.Infact,shystudentsoftenchoosethebackrowbecauseitisfarawayfromtheteacherandtheydon’twanttoanswerquestions.Atthe

back,studentsprobablywon'tspeakmuch,butinbigclassrooms,itcanbehardtoseetheboardandhearwhattheteacheri

ssaying.Thiscouldbethereasonwhystudentswhosithereoftengetlowergradesontestsandexams.Forstudentswithpooreyesightorhearing,aseatatthebackofthecl

assroomisnotagoodchoice.18However,theylikewatchingandlisteningratherthanjoiningin.Thesestudentsareusuallyalsoverygoodattakingnotes.Nexttimey

oumissaclass,borrownotesfromsomeonewhositshere.Onthesidesoftheclassroomyouwillgenerallyfindmodestandthoughtfulpeople.Thesepeopleusuallygetgoo

dgradesinschoolandareinterestedinlearning.19Thenthestatistics（统计数据）sayyouprobablylikeyourteacher.Youproba

blyalsohaveagoodrelationshipwithyourclassmates.Caring,outgoing,andcheerfulpeopleusuallysitinthemiddle.Theyarenormally

seriousaboutlearningandfeeldisappointedwithlowgradesontestsandexams.20Studentswhosithereusuallywantt

odiscussthingswiththeteacherandareoftenveryinterestedinthesubject.Theywanttobeinthebestplacetoseeandheareveryth

ingtheteacherdoesandsays.Theonlyproblemwithsittinghereisthatitcanbedifficulttoseeandhearwhatotherstudentsdoandsayinclass.So,ifyourea

llywanttohearwhateveryonesaysinclass,chooseadifferentplacetosit.A.Youprobablysitrightatthefrontoftheclassifyou'relo

ngingforknowledge.B.Researchsuggeststhattheseatyouchooseintheclassroomsaysalotaboutyouandyourpersonality.C.Doyousitinth

emiddleoftheclassroom?D.Thismeansit'sagoodideatositinadifferentplaceeveryday.E.Peopleoftenthinkthatstudentswhositatthebackarelazy.F.Studentswhosita

tthesideoftheclassroomarenormallyinterestedinclass.16.B。由原文researchersandteachershavestudiedthelinkbetweentheplacewherestudentschoose

tositinclassandwhattheyarelike可知此处讲的是座位和性格有关系。17.E。由原文shystudentsoftenchoosethebackrow此处讲的是坐后排的学生的性格。18.F。由原文Onthesidesoftheclassroomyouwillgeneral

lyfindmodestandthoughtfulpeople可知此处讲的是坐在两边的学生。19.C。由原文Caring,outgoing,andcheerfulpeopleusuallysitinthemiddle可知此处讲的是坐在中间的学生。20.A。由原文Theonlyproblemwit

hsittinghereisthatitcanbedifficulttoseeandhearwhatotherstudentsdoandsayinclass可知此处讲的是坐在前排的学生。