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一、阅读理解（共5题）1、NewWaytoRecycleWhenShanghaiintroducedanewgarbage﹣sortingpolicyinJulylastyear，thecity'sresiden

ts（居民）tooksometimetogetusedtoit．Theyjokedthateverytimetheytookouttheirgarbage，thestaff（工作人员）standingbythebi

nswouldask"Whatkindofgarbageareyou？"StartingonMay1，BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewga

rbage﹣sortingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．Residentsshouldsorttheirgarbageintofourgroupskitchen，recyclable，hazardous（有害的

）andotherwaste．Thesegroupsarerepresented（代表）byfourdifferentcolorsoftrashbins﹣green，blue，redandgrey．Thosewh

ofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymayfacefinesofupto200yuan，Xinhuareported．ThewayBeijingsortsitstrashsoundsdifferentfromotherslikeShanghaiandQing

dao．Thesecitiesusefordifferentgroups：wet，recyclable，harmfulanddry．Althoughtheirnamesaredifferent，thegroupsareactuallyth

esame．WetgarbageinShanghaiis，infact，kitchengarbage．Anddrygarbageisthesameasotherwaste．ChinaDailyreported．Tohelpresident

ssorttheirtrashcorrectly，theBeijinggovernmentisofferingonlineguidelines．Ifpeopledon'tknowhowtothrowawaygarbage，theycansearchforitontheWeChatacco

untGuanchenglish（管城理事）tofindout．Bysearchingakeywordortakingaphoto，peoplecanimmediatelyfindoutwhichgrouptheirwastebelongsto．（1）Whatdowek

nowfromthisstory？A．Garbage﹣sortingstartedinBeijingonMay1．B．Garbage﹣sortingisbeingcarriedoutnationwide．C．Beijing'sgarba

ge﹣sortingpolicyisthesameasShanghai's．（2）OtherwasteisthesameasinShanghai．A．drygarbageB．recyclablegarbageC．harmfulgarbage（3）Ifpe

opledon'tfollowthegarbage﹣sortingpolicy，．A．theywillbeforcedtolearnthepolicyB．theywon'tbeallowedtothrowtrashawayC．theymayfacefines（4

）Thelastparagraphmainlyexplains．A．thegovernment'ssuggestionsaboutgarbage﹣sortingB．howtohelpresidentssorttheirgarbageC．

problemswithBeijing'sgarbage﹣sortingpolicy（5）Wecanreadthisarticlein．A．astorybookB．aguidebookC．anewspaper2、Animalsareourfr

iends.Sometimestheymaketrouble,butsometimestheycanhelpus.Andtheyhopetoliveahappylife,too.Herearetworealstoriesfromourreaders.ThefirststoryisfromRay.

"Mycat,Tiger,hatesitwhenIusemyiPadbecauseittakesmyattentionawayfromhim.Oneyear,Ihadafallathomeandwason

thefloorfor16hours.Duringthistime,Iwasunabletomoveandcouldn'tgettothephonetocallforhelp.Tigerstayedbymysideuntilhedisappearedundermybed.'What'shepupt

o?'Iwondered.Tomysurprise,hestartedtopushsomethingtowardsme.ItwasmyiPad,whichIdidn'trealizehadfallenoffthebedandontothefloor.Hepr

obablydidn'tknowwhatitwas,butheknewthatitmademehappy.ThankstoTiger,Iwasabletocommunicatewithmyfriend,Becky,whothentoldmydoctor."Thesecondstoryis

fromColin."Yearsago,myfriendJuliussavedabird—awild'Mom'cockatoo（鹦鹉）fromthesideoftheroadandkeptitasapetinabigca

ge(笼子).Itlostoneofherwings,soshewasunabletoreturntothewild.Soon,twowildcockatooscamevisitingandone'Dad'birdwantedtofindh

iswayintothecage.The'Mom'cockatoointhecagewassoonexpecting.Butasshecouldn'tfly,'Dad'cockatoobuiltahomeinthetree,keepingoffeveryonewhogotc

loseto'Mom'cockatoo.'Baby'cockatoowouldspendhisdaysflyingoffwithhisdad,leavinghismombehind.Shewouldsitandwaituntiltheyr

eturnedhomeeachafternoon.Thefamilystayedtogetherhappily."Afterreadingthestories,don’tyouthinkweshouldgetalongwellwithanimals?Nomatterthey

areourpetsorliveinthewild,theyhavetheirfeelings.Weshouldrespecteverylifeintheworld.46.____________istheownerofthecat.A.Bec

kyB.JuliusC.ColinD.Ray47.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referstothe_____________.A.phoneB.catC.iPadD.bed48."Mon"cockatoodidn'treturntothewildbecau

se____________________.AJuliuscaughtitasapetB.shevasbadlyhurtandcouldn'tflyC.shepreferredthelifeinthecageD."Dad"cockatoo

builtahomeinthetree49.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_____________.A.Ray,BeckyandColinareanimalloversB.wes

houldn'tuseiPadtoomuchC.friendsshouldhelpeachotherD.weshouldrespecteverylifeintheworld50.Inwhichpartofanew

spaperwouldyouprobablyreadthepassage?A.Sportsnews.B.Peopleandanimals.C.Health.D.Travel.3、Seventypercentofou

rplanetiscoveredbyonehugebodyofseawater﹣theocean．In2008，theUnitedNationsrecognized（确立）June8asWorldOceansDay．It'sadaytothinkaboutthe

importantrolethattheoceansplayinourlives，thedangersthatouroceansarefacingandtheactionwecantaketoprotectthem．Theoceanishometothemostofplantsandanimal

sonEarth．Plantsintheseaprovideuswith70percentofO2webreathe．Theoceancontrolsourclimate（气候），providingheatinwinterandcoolairinsummer．Italsoprovi

desuswithfoodandmedicine．Nomatterwhereyouliveontheplanet，nomatterhowfarfromthesea，yourlifeisdependentontheocean．The

biggestproblemfacingtheoceanatthemomentisplasticpollution．Reducingsingle﹣useplastic，includingplasticbagsandplasticbottles，hasbeen

animportantthemeforWorldOceansDayforanumberofyears．Climatechangeandrisingseatemperaturesarealsoahugeproblem．Risingseatemp

eratureshaveadirectinfluenceonweatherpatternsandareseenaspartlyresponsibleforanincreaseinextreme（极端的）w

eather．Thedayiscelebratedinallkindsofways，includingspecialeventsonthebeach，riverclean﹣ups，schoolactivities，artcontestsandfilmfestivals．You

canjoinintoremindpeopleabouttheimportanceofouroceansandtomakeadifference．（1）Whatpercentofourplanetisc

overedwithseawater？A．30%B．40%C．70%（2）WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2？A．Theoceanprovidesuswithheatandcoolair．B．Ourlifeisdependentonthe

ocean．C．Theoceanprovidesuswithfoodandmedicine（3）Whatisthebiggestproblemfacingtheocean？A．Plasticpollution．B．Re

ducingsingle﹣useplastic．C．Airpollution．（4）Whatispartlyresponsibleforanincreaseofextremeweather？A．Climatechange．B．Risings

eatemperatures．C．Weatherpatterns．（5）HowdopeoplecelebrateWorldOceansDay？A．Eatingouttogether．B．Havingameeting．C．Ho

ldingspecialevents．4、【2019•山东东营】What’saspacewalk?Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspacecraft(航天器)whileinspace,it

iscalledaspacewalk.Astronautsgoonspacewalksformanyreasons.Forexample,experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearn

howbeinginspaceaffects(影响)differentthings.Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthe

mbacktotheearthtofix.Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.Insidespacesui

ts,astronautshavetheoxygen(氧气)theyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink.Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustlea

veandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspa

cecraft.Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.Theykeepastronautsfromfloating(漂浮)awayintospace.Anotherwayastronautsstaysaf

eduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace.Howdoastronautstr

ainforspacewalks?Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwateri

nahugespecialswimmingpool.Foreveryonehourtheywillspendonaspacewalk,astronautsneedtotrainsevenhoursinthepool.Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewal

kisbyusingvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Itlooksandfeelsjustlikeaspacewalk.Today,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewal

ksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina.ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.ZhaiZhigangisthefirs

tChineseastronauttogoonaspacewalk.TheworldrecordofspacewalksisheldbyRussianastronautAnatolySolovyev.Hehasbeenon

16spacewalksandspentmorethan82hoursoutsideinspace.26.Aboutthespacewalk,wecanknow__________.A.somethingscanbe

fixedbyastronautsduringspacewalksB.allexperimentsmustbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraftC.anastronautcangetoutofaspacecraftanytimewhilein

spaceD.aspacewalkletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings27.Howmanywaystokeeptheastronautss

afeduringspacewalks?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.28.What’sthemeaningoftheword“tethers”inParagraph2?A.吊篮B.系绳C.笼子D.钩子29.Astronautstrainfor

spacewalksby__________.A.floatinginspaceB.usingvirtualrealityC.goingonspacewalksoutsideaspacecraftD.traininginwaterina

commonswimmingpool30.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTtrue?A.Chinacanfinishaspacewalkindependently.B.Astronautscanbreatheanddrinkin

spacesuits.C.AstronautscanmovearoundinspacewiththehelpofSAFER.D.AnatolySolovyevisthefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworld.5、【2019•浙江宁波模

拟】Wanttoknowwhatwecandotohelpmakeourcityabetterplacetolivein?Whynottakepartin“Clean&Greenweekend”?Joinus,andyouca

nmakenewfriendsandhelpprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.ParkLifeDoyoulikehangingoutintheparkwithyourfriends?Ifso，whynottakethechancetocomewithus

andtidyuptheparkasyougo？Toaddsomefun,thereisagiftforthepersonwhocollectsthemostrubbish!Meetusatthesouthentranc

etoTaoheParkat9a.m.nextSaturdayifyouwanttojoinin.TheAirYouBreatheAgreatwaytomaketheairwebreathecleanerisbyplantinglotsoftrees！Itisafactthattreesslo

wlyfilter（过滤）alotofpollutantsfromtheair.SocomeandhelpusplantsomenewonesinFenheParkat2p.m.nextSunday.Wa

ronGraffiti（涂鸦）Somepeoplethinkgraffitiiscool.Well,itisnot!Thebestwaytostopbuildingsfrombecomingtotal

lycoveredinuglygraffitiistogetridofitassoonaspossible.Andthatisexactlywhatwearegoingtodo.Wearerepaintingtheschoo

lwallsfrom1p.m.onSaturday.Youdon’thavetobringanytools,justremembertowearsomeoldclothes！根据上面三个倡议的内容，选择正确答案。12.Themainpurposeof“C

lean&GreenWeekend”isto.A.makeourcitymorebeautifulB.offerthechancetohavefunC.helpstudentsmeetoldfriendsD.ha

veaniceweekend13.Thestudentswhowanttojoinintherubbishcollectingactivitymustmeet.A.at1p.m.onSaturdayB.at2p.m.nextSundayC.at9a.m.nextSaturdayD.at3a.m.

onSunday14.Ifwe’regoingtorepainttheschoolwalls,weneedto.A.drawpictureswellB.wearsomeoldclothesC.bringsometools

withusD.wearsomenewclothes15.Accordingtothepassage,weknow.A.graffiticanmakethebuildingslookcoolB.thepersonwhocollects

rubbishcangetagiftC.wecanplanttreestoimprovetheenvironmentD.wecandrawpicturesonthewall12—15ACBC12.A短文开头“Wanttoknow...toliv

ein?”意为“想知道做什么可以让我们的城市更适宜居住吗？”故选A。13.C第一则通知中“Meetusatthe...tojoinin.”意为“如果你想加入请于下周早上9点在陶河公园南入口处集合”。故选C。14.B根据第三则通知可知“要记得穿上旧衣服”。故选B。15.C根据第三则通知可知“树木可以

过滤来自空气中的污染物”。故选C。============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、1.A2.A3.C4.B5.C【分析】文章讲述上海以及北京的垃圾分类政策；垃圾如何分类以及不按照政策实行将受到的惩罚；政府为了帮助居民正确的垃圾分

类而采取的网上指导措施．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．题目问从这个故事中我们知道了什么，根据第二段StartingonMay1，BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarbage﹣sor

tingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．可知从5月1日开始，北京也进入了垃圾分类城市的行列，A选项意为5月1日北京开始了垃圾分类，与原文相符，故选A．（2）A．细节理解题．题目意为其他垃圾与上海的____一样，根据第四段And

drygarbageisthesameasotherwaste．可知干垃圾和其他垃圾是一样的，故选A．（3）C．细节理解题．题目意为如果人类不遵守垃圾分类政策，____，根据第三段Thosewhofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymayfac

efinesofupto200yuan，Xinhuareported．可知如果没有正确分类垃圾可能会被罚款，故选C．（4）B．段落大意题．题目意为最后一段主要解释了____，根据最后一段Tohelpresidentssorttheirtrashcorrectly，theBeijinggove

rnmentisofferingonlineguidelines．可知为了帮助居民正确分类垃圾，北京政府提供在线指导，因此判断本段主要讲了政府如何帮助居民进行垃圾分类，故选B．（5）C．文章来源题．题目意为我们可以在____里面读到这篇文章，根据第二段Starti

ngonMay1，BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarbage﹣sortingpolicy，People'sDailyreported．可知本文主要讲的是有关垃圾

分类的新闻，因此判断会在报纸上看到．故选C．【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查．2、DCBDB3、1.C2.B3.A4.B5

.C【分析】地球的70%被海洋覆盖着，海洋是地球上大多数动植物的家园，为我们提供了我们呼吸的70%的氧气．然而海洋正面临着塑料污染、气候变化和海水温度上升等问题．联合国确立世界海洋日来提醒人们海洋的重要性．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据第1段中"Seventypercentofourpl

anetiscoveredbyonehugebodyofseawater﹣theocean．"可知地球上的百分之七十被海水覆盖．故选C．（2）B．段落大意题．通读第2段内容，尤其是根据第2段内容最后一句"Nomatterwhereyouliveontheplanet，nomatt

erhowfarfromthesea，yourlifeisdependentontheocean．"可知不管你住在地球上的哪个地方，不管离海有多远，你的生活都离不开海洋．因此可知本段主要讲述的是我们的生活依靠海洋生存．故选

B．（3）A．细节理解题．根据第3段中"Thebiggestproblemfacingtheoceanatthemomentisplasticpollution．"可知海洋面临的最大问题是塑料污染．故选A．（4）B．细节理解题．根据第4段中"Risingseatemper

atureshaveadirectinfluenceonweatherpatternsandareseenaspartlyresponsibleforanincreaseinextremeweather．"可知不断上升的海水温度被视为极端天气增加的部分原因．故选B．（5）C．细节理

解题．根据最后一段中"Thedayiscelebratedinallkindsofways，includingspecialeventsonthebeach，riverclean﹣ups，schoolactivities，artcontestsandfilmfestivals．"可知人们举

办特别活动来庆祝世界海洋日．故选C．【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力．做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答．4、【短文大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述太空漫步。包括什么是太空漫步、太空漫步的原因、太空漫步时

宇航员的安全保障、宇航员如何训练太空漫步以及人类太空漫步的历史。26.推理判断题。根据experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft可知，实验可以放在航天

器的外部，而不是所有的实验都必须都放在航天器的外部，排除B；根据Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspacecraft(航天器)whileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk可知，

任何时候宇航员在太空中走出飞船被叫做太空漫步，而不是宇航员在太空中任何时候都可以从宇宙飞船中出来，偷换概念，排除C；根据Forexample,experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisle

tsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffects(影响)differentthings可知，实验可以在航天器的外部这件事可以让科学家知道太空是如何影响不同的事物的，排除D；根据

Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix可知，通过太空行走，宇航员可以修东西而不用将他们带回地球修，故选A。27.细节理解题。根据Whe

nastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe、Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecr

aftthroughaspecialdoor、Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft以及Anotherwayastronautsstays

afeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER可知，宇航员可以穿航天服、通过一个特别的门离开和返回航天器、用安全绳或者穿舱外活动简便救援装置，共四种，故选C。28.词义猜测题。根据Whenona

spacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft.Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalk

erswiththespacecraft可知，当太空漫步时，宇航员使用安全拴绳来与航天器保持近距离，安全绳像一个绳子，连接着太空漫步者和航天器。tether像一个绳子，所以是系绳，故选B。29.细节理解题。根据Onew

ayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwaterinahugespecialswimmingpool以及Anotherwayas

tronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality可知，要么去特别的游泳池漂浮练习太空行走，要么使用虚拟现实练习太空行走，故选B。30.细节理解题。根据Today,onl

ythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina可知，中国能独立地完成太空行走，排除A；根据Insidespacesuits,astronautshavetheoxyge

n(氧气)theyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink可知，宇航员能够在航天服里呼吸和喝水；根据SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace可知，

宇航员可以在里面移动，排除C；根据ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia可知，第一个太空行走的人是苏联的阿里克谢列昂诺夫。故选D。5、【201

9•浙江杭州】下面文章中有五处（第16﹣20题）需要添加首句．请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。Whereyousitandhowyoufit16Formorethansevent

yyears,researchersandteachershavestudiedthelinkbetweentheplacewherestudentschoosetositinclassandwhattheyarelikeaspeopleandlearners.Whered

oyouusuallydecidetosit?Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthereasonsforyourdecision?17Butisthisreallytrue?Well,someresea

rcherssayitisnot.Infact,shystudentsoftenchoosethebackrowbecauseitisfarawayfromtheteacherandtheydon’twanttoanswerquestions

.Attheback,studentsprobablywon'tspeakmuch,butinbigclassrooms,itcanbehardtoseetheboardandhearwhatthete

acherissaying.Thiscouldbethereasonwhystudentswhosithereoftengetlowergradesontestsandexams.Forstudentswithpooreyesi

ghtorhearing,aseatatthebackoftheclassroomisnotagoodchoice.18However,theylikewatchingandlisteningratherthanjoiningin.These

studentsareusuallyalsoverygoodattakingnotes.Nexttimeyoumissaclass,borrownotesfromsomeonewhositshere.Onthesidesoftheclassroomyouwillgenerallyfindmodes

tandthoughtfulpeople.Thesepeopleusuallygetgoodgradesinschoolandareinterestedinlearning.19Thenthestatistics（统计数据）sayyouprobablylikeyou

rteacher.Youprobablyalsohaveagoodrelationshipwithyourclassmates.Caring,outgoing,andcheerfulpeopleusuallysitinthemi

ddle.Theyarenormallyseriousaboutlearningandfeeldisappointedwithlowgradesontestsandexams.20Studentswhosithereus

uallywanttodiscussthingswiththeteacherandareoftenveryinterestedinthesubject.Theywanttobeinthebestplacetoseeand

heareverythingtheteacherdoesandsays.Theonlyproblemwithsittinghereisthatitcanbedifficulttoseeandhearwhatotherstudentsdoandsayinclass.So,ifyour

eallywanttohearwhateveryonesaysinclass,chooseadifferentplacetosit.A.Youprobablysitrightatthefrontoftheclassifyou'relongingfor

knowledge.B.Researchsuggeststhattheseatyouchooseintheclassroomsaysalotaboutyouandyourpersonality.C.Doyousitinthemiddleofthe

classroom?D.Thismeansit'sagoodideatositinadifferentplaceeveryday.E.Peopleoftenthinkthatstudentswhositatthebackarelazy.F.Studentswhosit

atthesideoftheclassroomarenormallyinterestedinclass.16.B。由原文researchersandteachershavestudiedthelinkbetweentheplacewherestu

dentschoosetositinclassandwhattheyarelike可知此处讲的是座位和性格有关系。17.E。由原文shystudentsoftenchoosethebackrow此处讲的是坐后排的学生的性格。18.F。由

原文Onthesidesoftheclassroomyouwillgenerallyfindmodestandthoughtfulpeople可知此处讲的是坐在两边的学生。19.C。由原文Caring,outgoin

g,andcheerfulpeopleusuallysitinthemiddle可知此处讲的是坐在中间的学生。20.A。由原文Theonlyproblemwithsittinghereisthatitcanbedi

fficulttoseeandhearwhatotherstudentsdoandsayinclass可知此处讲的是坐在前排的学生。