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一、阅读理解（共5题）1、TheWorld’sWaterShortageTheworldisnotonlyhungry,butitisalsothirstyforwater.Thismayseemstrangetoyou

,sincenearly70percent（百分比）oftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Butabout97percentofthishugeamountisseawater,orsaltwater.Mancan

onlydrinkandusetheother3percent－thefreshwaterfromrivers,lakes,underground,andothersources（资源）.Andwecannotevenuseallofthat,b

ecausesomeofitisintheformoficebergsandglaciers（冰川）.Evenworse,someofithasbeenpolluted.However,asthings

standtoday,thissmallamountoffreshwaterisstillenoughforus.Butourneedforwaterisincreasing（增加）rapidly－almostd

aybyday.Onlyifwetakestepstodealwiththisproblemnowcanweavoid（避免）asevere（严重的）worldwidewatershortagelateron.Weallhave

tolearnhowtostopwastingourvaluablewater.Oneofthefirststepsistodevelopwaysofreusingit.Todayinmostlargecities,waterisusedonlyonceandthen

sentoutintoasewersystem（下水道）.Fromthereitreturnstotheseaorrunsintoundergroundstoragetanks.Butitispossibletopipeusedwate

rtoapurifying（净化）plant.Thereitcanbetreatedwithchemicalssothatitcanbeusedagain,justasifitwerefreshfromaspring.Butev

enifeverylargecitypurifiedandreuseditswater,westillwouldnothaveenough.Allwe’dhavetodotomakeuseofthevas

treserves（贮备）ofseawaterintheworldistoremovethesalt.Ifwetakethesestepswe’llbeinnodangerofdryingup.1.Theworldisthirstyforwaterbecausewecanonlyuse______

___percentofthewatercoveringthesurfaceoftheearth.A.3B.morethan3C.lessthan3D.972.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?A.Asthingsremainuncha

nging,thissmallamountoffreshwaterisstillenoughforus.B.Ourneedforwaterisbecominglargerandlarger.C.Therewillbenowatershorta

geinthefuture.D.Weshouldtakestepstodealwiththewatershortageproblem.3.Toreusewater,weshould__________.A.treatitwithchemicalsB.useitonlyonceC.

senditoutintoasewersystemD.makeitflowintoundergroundtanks4.Inordertohaveenoughwater,weshouldalsomakeuseof_________.A.iceber

gsandglaciersB.seawaterC.riversandlakeD.undergroundwater5.Inthepassage,thewritertellsus________.A.tomakeenoughwaterB.topaymoreattentiontothe

watershortageproblemC.topipeusedwatertoapurifyingplantD.toreusethewater2、PollutionHundredsofyearsago,lifewasmuchharderthanitis

today.Peopledidn’thavemodernmachines.Therewasnomodernmedicine,either.Lifetodayhasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestispollution（污

染）.Waterpollutionhasmadeourriversandlakesdirty.Itkillsourfishandpollutedourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesustalklouderandbecomeangrymor

eeasily.Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollution.It’sbadtoalllivingthingsintheworld.Cars,planesandfactories

allpolluteouraireveryday.Sometimesthepollutedairissothickthatitislikeaquiltoveracity.Thiskindofquiltiscalledsmog（烟雾）.Manycountriesaremak

ingrulestofightpollution.Factoriesmustnowcleantheirwaterbeforeitisthrownaway,theymustn’tblowdirtysmokeintotheair.Weneedtodomanyothe

rthings.Wecanputwastethingsinthedustbinandnotthrowitontheground.Wecangotoworkbybusorwithourfriendsinthesamecar.Iftherearefewerpeopledriving,t

herewillbelesspollution.Rulesarenotenough.Everypersonmusthelptofightpollution.1.Hundredsofyearsago,lifewasmuchharderthanitistodaybecause_______.A.t

herewerenotanymodernmachinesB.therewasnomodernmedicineC.bothAandBD.therewerenotmanypeople2.Whatisthebiggestproblemintoday’slife?A.Water

pollutionB.AirpollutionC.NoiseD.Pollution3.Themostseriouskindofpollutionis________.A.noisepollutionB.airpollutionC.waterpollutionD.A,Ban

dC4.Factoriesmustcleantheirwater________.A.beforetheyarethrownawayB.whentheyarethrownawayC.afteritisthrownawayD.beforeitisthrowna

way5.Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A.afewyearsago,therewasnosmogatallB.todaypeopledon’thavetotalktoeachotherinaloudvoiceC.wecandr

inkwaterfromthepollutedriversandlakes’D.peoplearemakingrulesinordertofightpollution3、Therehavebeenmanygreatin

ventionsthatchangedthewaywelive.Thefirstgreatinventionwasonethatisstillveryimportanttoday-thewheel.Thisinventionmadeiteasiertocarryheavythingsan

dtotravellongdistances.Intheearly1800stheworldstartedtochange.Therewaslittleunknownlandintheworld.Peoplebegantoworktomakelifebetter.Inthe19

thcentury,manygreatinventionsweremade.Amongthemwerethecamerasandthelightbulbs.Thereweremoregreatinventionsinth

eearly20thcentury,suchasthehelicoptersin1907,movieswithsoundin1910andjetplanesinthe1930s.Thiswasalsoatimewhenanewmat

erialwasfirstmade.Nyloncameoutin1935.Itchangedthekindofclothespeoplewear.Bythistimemostpeoplehavehadaverygoodlife.Manhasadesiretoexploremore

.Theworldwasknowntomanbutthestarswerenot.Manbeganlookingforwaystogointospace.Russiamadethefirststep.Sincethenot

hercountries,includingtheUnitedStatesandChina,havemadetheirstepsintospace.In1969mantookhisbiggeststep.AnAmericanfirstwalkedonthemoo

n.Thisiscertainlyjustabeginning.Newinventionswillsomedayallowustodothingswehaveneverdreamedof.1.Thispassagemainly

talksabout________.A.whycarswereveryimportantB.whenthelightbulbwasinventedC.whichcountrymadethefirststepintospac

eD.theprocess(进程)ofinventions2.Nyloncameoutnearlyatthesametimeas_______.A.thehelicopterB.thecameraC.jetplanesD.movies3._______

madethefirststepintospace.A.RussiaB.ChinaC.AmericaD.Japan4.Whatdoes"adesire"meaninParagraph4?A.agoodwayB.anewinventionC.astrongw

ishD.awonderfulidea5.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrue?A.Thewheelwasthefirstgreatinvention,butitisnotvery

importanttoday.B.AnAmericanfirststeppedonthemoon.C.Intheearly1800stherewaslittleunknownland.D.Newinventi

onswillchangeourlivesgreatlyinthefuture.4、Manyofusbelievethataperson’smindbecomeslessactiveashegrowsolder.Butthisisn

ottrue,accordingtoDrJarvik,professorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofCalifornia.Shehasstudiedthementalfunctioningofagingperso

nsforseveralyears.Forexample,oneofherstudiesconcerns136pairsoftwins(双胞胎),whowerefirstexaminedwhenthey

werealready60yearsold.AsDrJarvikcontinuedthestudyofthetwinsintotheir70sand80s,theirmindsdidnotgenerallydecline(衰弱)aswasexpected.However,

therewassomedeclineintheirpsycho-motorspeed.Thismeansthatittookthemlongertofinishmentaltasksthanitus

edto.Butwhenspeedwasnotafactor,theylostverylittleintellectual(智力的)abilityovertheyears.Ingeneral,DrJarvik’sstudieshaveshownthatthereisnodeclineinkno

wledgeorreasoningability.Thisistruenotonlywiththoseintheir30sand40s,butwiththoseintheir60sand70saswell.Itistruethatolderpeopl

ethemselvesoftencomplainthattheirmemoryisnotasgoodasitoncewas.However,muchofwhatwecall“lossofmemory”isnotthatatall.Thereusual

lywasincompletelearninginthefirstplace.Forexample,theolderpersonperhapshadtroublehearing,orpoorvision,orwastryingtolearnthenewth

ingattoofastaspeed.Inthecaseswheretheolderperson’smindreallyseemstogetworse,itisnotnecessarilyasignofdeclineduetooldage.Oftenitissim

plyasignofasademotionalstate.小题1:Thispassageismainlyabout_______.A．whatcausedmentaldeclineB．anewdiscove

ryaboutmentaldeclineC．thedifferencebetweenmiddle-agedandolderpersonsD．howDrJarvikstudiedmentalfunctioningofthetwins小题2:Theword“psychiatry”inp

aragraph1mostprobablymeans_______.A．thestudyofdiseasesofthemindB．thestudyofphysicaldiseasesC．thestudyoft

wins’growthD．thestudyofhumanbehavior小题3:Moreoftenthannot,whatwecallmentaldeclineisactuallyasignof_______.A．aworseningstateofhealthB．oldageC．nervoust

ensionD．astateofunhappiness5、Everymorning,thenewspaperchiefeditor(主编)holdsameetingwiththereporters.Theydiscussthemainevents(事件)oftheday.Reportersa

rethensenttocovertheevents.Assoonasthereportersknowwhattowriteabout,theygetdowntowork.Theytelephonepe

opleandfixatimeforaface-to-faceinterviewwiththem.Sometimestheydotelephoneinterviews.Checkinginformationisveryimportant.Theygo

tothenewspaper’sownlibrarytolookupanyinformationthattheyneed.Thisiscalled“doingone’shomework”.Atthesametime,thepicturee

ditordecideswhichphotographswillbeusedforthenextday’spaper.Allthepeoplewhoworkonanewspapermustbeabletoworkfast.Report

ershavetostopworkingononestoryandstartworkingatonceontheimportantnewone.Theymustfindoutthenewinformationasquicklyaspos

sible.Laterintheday,everythingisputtogetheratthenewsdesk.Reportersreturn,typetheirstoriesintothecomputerandhandthe

mtotheeditor.Thechiefeditordecideswhichwillbethemostimportantstoryonthefrontpage.Sometimesthiswillhavetobechangedifsomethingmoreimportanthappenslate

intheday.Othereditorsreadthestorieswhichthereportershavewrittenandmakeanynecessarychanges.Finally,thereisnomoretimeleftforaddingnewstories

,andthetimeforprinting(印刷)thenewspaperhascome.Thisisdoneonfast-movingprintingmachines.Thenewspapersare

thendelivered(发送)bytruck,planeorrail.Speedisimportant.Peoplewanttobuythelatestnewspaper;nobodywantstobuyyesterday’s.小题1:Whatistheworkinanewspaper

officelike?A．InterestingandconfusingB．Importantandpatient.C．Particularandnecessary.D．Fastandbusy.小题2:Acco

rdingtothepassage,therightorderforareporter’sworkis____________.a.writingstoriesb.doinginterviewsc.joininginadiscussiond.doinghomeworke.handingstorie

stotheeditorA．cbadeB．cdeabC．cbdaeD．cadbe小题3:Thefrontpagecontents(内容)aredecidedby___________.A．theimportanceoftheevent

sB．howwellthestoriesarewrittenC．theknowledgeofthechiefeditorD．whethertheyarethelatest小题4:Wordeditors’workisto____________.A．helpthechi

efeditorwiththemorningdiscussionB．decidewhenandhowthepaperscanbeprintedC．readthestoriesandmakenecessarychangesD．gett

ogetherinformationfromreportersandphotographers小题5:Thebesttitleforthispassageis“____________”.A．HowanewspaperisproducedB．HownewspapersaredeliveredC．W

hatkindofpapersreaderslikeD．Whoseworkismoreimportant============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、CCABB2、CDBDD3、答案：DCACA解析：科普类的阅读：

科普类的阅读理解包含介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等。如果是介绍社会现象的文章，要掌握所谈现象的内涵。4、小题1:B小题2:A小题3:D试题分析：人们往往认为随着年龄的增长，人的智力

有所下降，而且大脑功能也变得不再活跃。然而加利福尼亚大学的DrJarvik却通过研究发现人大脑的知识和推理能力不会随着人的年龄而减弱，只不过在思考问题的速度上有所减缓，而且表面上记忆力的衰退也不过是因为他们对事情没有全面了解而已。小题1:B主旨大意题。在文章开头作者提出

人们对大脑的错误认识，然后介绍了大学的DrJarvik的研究结果，随后两段均围绕这一话题展开行文，由此可知文章中心内容是介绍一项关于大脑智力下降的研究报告，所以B选项正确。小题2:A词意猜测题。根据下文可知DrJarvik是从事

大脑方面疾病研究的，由此推断psychiatry意思为“精神病学”所以A选项正确。小题3:D细节理解题。根据文章末句Oftenitissimplyasignofasademotionalstate.可知人们往往认为m

etaldecline只是一种不快乐状态的征兆、表现。所以D选项正确。5、答案:小题1:D小题1:C小题1:A小题1:C小题1:A解析:小题1:通过短文描述，可知报社的工作是忙碌的，故选D，紧急忙碌的。小题1:通过阅读短文，可知下列事件的顺序是cb

dae，故选C。小题1:根据Thechiefeditordecideswhichwillbethemostimportantstoryonthefrontpage.描述，可知首页内容有事件的重要性决定。故选A。小题1:根据Othereditorsre

adthestorieswhichthereportershavewrittenandmakeanynecessarychanges.描述，可知这属于文字编辑的工作，故选C。小题1:这篇短文主要描述了一家报社的工作人员一天的工作

，故选A，报纸是怎样产生的。