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现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTenseContents现在完成时的构成过去分词的变化规则现在完成时的用法现在完成时的标志词一般过去时vs现在完成时havebeento和havegonetoIh

avealreadybrushedmyteeth.过去分词肯定句：主语+have/has+done否定句：主语+have/has+not+done疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done→Yes,主+have/has.→No,主+

haven’t/hasn’t.现在完成时的构成Hehasfinishedhishomework.→Hehasnotfinishedhishomework.→Hashefinishedhishomework?→Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.Myparen

tshavebeentotheUSA.→Myparentshaven’tbeentotheUSA.→HaveyourparentsbeentotheUSA?→Yes,theyhave./No,theyhaven’t.1.直接加-ed,如：worked2.不

发音-e结尾,加d,如：hoped3.辅音+y结尾的，把y变i加ed,如：carried4.重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母+ed,如：stopped过去分词的变化规则规则变化：不规则变化：AAA型（原形，过去式，过去分词三种形式

都一样）cost-cost-costhit-hit-hitput-put-putread-read-readABB型（过去式与过去分词相同）buy-bought-boughtcatch-caught-caughtfind-found-foundhave

-had-hadABA型（原形与过去分词相同）come-came-comebecome-became-becomeABC型（三种都不一样）do-did-donego-went-gonetake-took-takenwrite-wrote-writt

enpastnowfuture对现在有影响Yesterday,theycleanedtheclassroom.Now,theclassroomiscleanbecausetheyhavecleanedit.用法1强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。现在完成时的用法1.Isawth

isfilmlastweek.Now,IknowthisfilmbecauseIhaveseenitbefore.2.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Now,Icangiveittothet

eacherbecauseIhavedoneit.3.Shehadbreakfastinthemorning.Now,sheisnothungrybecauseshehashadbreakfast.用法一：强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。现在完成时的用法用法2过去发生的

动作一直延续到现在。pastnowfutureIbegantoteachEnglishatthisschoolthreeyearsago.IhavetaughtEnglishatthisschoolforthreeyears.现在完成时的用法1

.Sheisadoctor.Shebegantoworkwhenshewas20.Now,sheis28.Shehasworkedforeightyears.2.TheywenttoLondonlastSaturday.TodayisSaturd

ay.TheyhavestayedinLondonsincelastSaturday.现在完成时的用法用法二：强调过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。现在完成时的标志词already“已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.Shehasalreadyf

inishedherhomework.yet“仍然，还”用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。Ihaven’treadthisbookyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?ever“曾经”通常用于疑问句和

肯定句中,放在句中。Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HaveyoueverbeentotheUSA?never“从来不”,放在句中,表示否定。Ishefamous?Ihaveneverheardofhim.Sheh

asneverbeentoCanada.just“刚刚”用在陈述句中,放在句中。Ihavejustboughtanovel.Shehasjusthaddinner.before“以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。Ｉhaveneverreadthi

skindofbooksbefore.HaveyoubeentoShanghaibefore?标志词：since&forfor+时间段for2yearsforalongtimesince+时间点since2yearsagosince1998sincelastwe

eksinceshecametotheschoolTheyoungteacherhasworkedatthisschoolfor2years.(sincetwoyearsago)用for和since填空。_____

_threehours______threeo’clock______twodays______yesterdayafternoon______Icamehere______lastSunday_______aweek_______alongtime_______1997______twow

eeks_______threeyearsago_______lastmonthforforforforforsincesincesincesincesincesincesince1.Ihavebeenhere5weeks.2.He’sstudiedEnglish3ye

ars.3.Ihavebeenhere2000.4.They’velivedinShanghaitheymarriedin2000.5.Shehasworked10hours.6.Hehasworkedasalawyer5years

ago.forforforsincesincesince对for或since引导的时间状语提问用howlongHe’sstudiedEnglishfor3years.HowlonghashestudiedEnglish?They’velivedin

Shanghaisincetheymarriedin2000.HowlonghavetheylivedinShanghai?1.现在完成时可与recently（最近）,sofar（到目前为止）,inthepast（在过去）inthe

lastfewyears(在过去的几年）uptonow（直到现在）等时间状语连用。2.现在完成时可与once,twice,threetimes,severaltimes等表重复次数的词语连用。一般过去时vs现在完成时一般

过去时现在完成时过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态1.过去的动作对现在产生的影响；2.过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。与现在无联系与现在有联系标志词：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,inthepast,justnow......标志词：already,yet,just

,recently,ever,for+时间段，since+时间点Ihaveborrowedthebookforsixmonths.XIhavekeptthebookforsixmonths.√非延续性动词延续性动词下面两句话有一句是错误的，快来找出来它非延续性动词延

续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepend/finishbeoverbegin/startbeoncome/gobe(in)leavebeawaydiebedeadputonweararrive/get/reachbe(in)joinbein开始

结束死买卖来去借入不离开到达穿上就参加for,since,howlong要跟延续性动词连用1.—Howlonghaveyourparents_______?—Forabout15years.A.lefttheirhometownB.gottoJinanC.joinedtheping-p

ongclubD.workedinthiscity2.—Howlonghaveyou___________?—Foralmosttenyears.A.ownedthisgardenB.boughtthiscarC.arr

ivedinShanghaiD.cometothistown3.—Howlonghasyoursister_______?—Fornearlythreemonths.A.borrowedthebookB.becomeateacherC.gottoJin

anD.keptthebikeDDA4.Ihavewaitedforthebusfortwentyminutes.(划线部分提问)__________haveyouwaitedforthebus?5.Susanhasbeenavolunteerinthehospital

forthreeyears.(划线部分提问)__________hasSusanbeenavolunteerinthehospital?6.Billhasmadesomenewfriendshere.（改为一般疑问句）_____Bill__

________newfriendshere?HowlongHowlongHasmadeany找规律ShehasneverbeentoLondon.---HaveyoueverbeentoLondon？---Yes,Ihavebeentheretwice.

WehavebeentoLondon,anditiswonderfulthere.去过且已经回来有表示频率的词：never,ever,twice有评价性的话语:Thatplaceiswonderful,beautiful,awful.....havebeento和h

avegoneto找规律Shehasgonetothepark,andshewillbebackintwohours.TomhasgonetoMike'shome,buthehasn'tcomeback.去而

未归，主语一般是第三人称。havebeento和havegoneto1.—WhereisTom?Doyouknow?—Ithinkhe______tothelibrary.A．hasgoneB．goesC．hasbeenD．wentA2.—IsTomathome?—No,he___

____totown.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.goesD.willgoB