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自然拼读法英语自然拼读法，通过学习２６个字母及字母组合在单词中的发音规则，建立字母及字母组合与发音的感知，从而达到“看字读音，听音辨字”的效果。音素教学的教学原则--实行先集中后分散(1）首先运用1学时

集中识记26个字母（学生在小学时已经基本掌握26个字母的读音及书写，因此教学重点应该是纠正错误的书写和读音），期间可根据需要穿插一些简单易学、琅琅上口的字母歌曲，这样可以起到调节和加深识记的作用。(2）用3~4个学时

集中进行音素的教学，教学重点是帮助学生了解字母、音素、音标三者之间的内在联系，懂得它们各自在拼读单词中的作用；帮助学生找出发音的规律，初步完成48个音素及其相应字母、常见字母组合的教学。通过集中学习，学生对音素有了一定的了解，有了音素的概念，这样就为学生

的独立拼读奠定了基础。英语共有48个音素,其中元音20个,辅音28个.元音分为单元音和双元音.辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音.一、元音部分:1)单元音发音组合：i代表单词：sitbitkickpick发音组合：eeaa

代表单词：peneggbestbreadheavenmany发音组合：a代表单词：capmapbad发音组合：uo代表单词：upcupbutmonkonion发音组合：o代表单词：hotnot发音组合：oouou代表单词：footgoodpullfullshouldwould发音组

合：aeror代表单词：appearagainaliketeachermotherbrotheractormonitor发音组合：eeeeaieei代表单词：mehewebeefeeldeepseatbeatleadchiefbelieveachievereceive发音组合：a

rearal代表单词：fardarkfarmhearthalf发音组合：alooawouoreauorar代表单词：talkballdoorfloorlawsawboughtthoughtbeforeignorecaughtnaughtyforcebornwarn发音组合：oooouu

代表单词：foodfoolshoottombgroupblueclue发音组合：orirerurear代表单词：workwormbirddirtytermburnsurflearn2)双元音发音组合：eiaaiay代表单词：eightcakelakemakepaidma

indaymay发音组合：yiuy代表单词：crymybiketimekitebuyguy发音组合：oyoi代表单词：boytoynoisevoicecoin发音组合：eerearere代表单词：beerdeerhearnearhere发音组合：airearareere代表单词：hairf

airchairbearsweardareharethere发音组合：oorour代表单词：poortour发音组合：oowoa代表单词：hostnosecopeownlowboatcoat发音组合：ouow代表单词：houseoutsoundtownnow二、辅音部分

：发音组合：p代表单词：payputspeedspend发音组合：t代表单词：teatipmeet发音组合：ckck代表单词：cakecarcankiteskypickback发音组合：fph代表单词：fivelifefatphototelephone发音组合：th代表单词：t

hinkteeththankbothmouth发音组合：sc代表单词：seemsetsayfaceraceiceprice发音组合：shsssch代表单词：shipfishsureassuremachine发音组合：

hwh代表单词：hothomehatewhole发音组合：b代表单词：birdbigbag发音组合：d代表单词：dodiddeerbed发音组合：g代表单词：gogapbag发音组合：v代表单词：voteveryleave发音组合：th代表单词

：thisthenthough发音组合：zs代表单词：prizeraiseeyes发音组合：s代表单词：pleasureusual发音组合：m代表单词：somecomemother发音组合：n代表单词：notenogu

n发音组合：ngn代表单词：kingthinginktank发音组合：l代表单词：latelettelldeal发音组合：rwr代表单词：ricerightfreewritewrong发音组合：y代表单词：yearyesyou发音组合：wwh代表单词：waitwillwheelwhat

when发音组合：ch代表单词：cheapcatchwatch发音组合：jgdg代表单词：jeepjokechangejudge发音组合：dr代表单词：dreamdraw发音组合：tr代表单词：treetript

reat发音组合：ts代表单词：sitsparents发音组合：ds代表单词：needsspends三、进行大量的拼读训练，直到学生看到生单词，能够读出大体上相近的音为止。以下是一些教学中使用的方法Pho

nemicawarenessrelatestotheabilitytodistinguishandmanipulateindividualsounds,suchas/f/,/ʊ/,and/t/inthecaseoffoot.Thefollowingarecom

monphonemicawarenessskillspracticedwithstudents:Phonemeisolation:whichrequiresrecognizingtheindividualsoundsinwords,forexam

ple,"Tellmethefirstsoundyouhearinthewordpick"(/p/).Phonemeidentity:whichrequiresrecognizingthecommonsoundindifferentwords,forexample,"Tellme

thesoundthatisthesameinbike,boyandbell"(/b/).Phonemesubstitution:inwhichonecanturnaword(suchas"cat")in

toanother(suchas"hat")bysubstitutingonephoneme(suchas/h/)foranother(/k/).Phonemesubstitutioncantakeplaceforinitialsounds(cat-h

at),middlesounds(cat-cut)orendingsounds(cat-can).Oralsegmenting:Theteachersaysaword,forexample,"ball,"andstudentssaytheindividualsounds

,/b/,/ɑ/,and/l/.Oralblending:Theteachersayseachsound,forexample,"/b/,/ɑ/,/l/"andstudentsrespondwiththeword,"ball."Sounddeletion:Thet

eachersaysword,forexample,"bill,"hasstudentsrepeatit,andtheninstructsstudentstorepeatthewordwithoutasound.Ons

et-rimemanipulation:whichrequiresisolation,identification,segmentation,blending,ordeletionofonsets(the

singleconsonantorblendthatprecedesthevowelandfollowingconsonants),forexample,j-ump,st-op,str-ong.Yopp(1992)offersthefollowinggeneralrecommendat

ionsforphonemicawarenessactivities:a.Keepasenseofplayfulnessandfun,avoiddrillandrotememorization.b.Usegroupsettingsthatencourageinteractionamongchi

ldren.c.Encouragechildren'scuriosityaboutlanguageandtheirexperimentationwithit.d.Allowforandbepreparedforindividualdiffer

ences.e.Makesurethetoneoftheactivityisnotevaluativebutratherfunandinformal.