【文档说明】19-20 Unit 2 Section Ⅲ　Grammar——v.-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语-人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册.doc，共(6)页，98.000 KB，由小喜鸽上传

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SectionⅢGrammar——v.­ing形式作宾语补足语和状语v．­ing形式作宾语补足语和状语v．­ing形式作宾语补足语和状语是本单元的语法内容，也是v.­ing的重点和难点。希望同学们认真学习掌握他们的用法。[观察例句]1....herbrothercom

plained，thinkingofthehightuitionfees.2．Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp，DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.3．ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChina

sawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.[归纳用法]一、v.­ing形式作宾语补足语1．(1)v.­ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。Whe

nwereturnedtotheschool，wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时，发现一个陌生人站在大门口。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。(2)当主句转换

为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的v.­ing形式便转换为主语补足语。Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.＝Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.这个结果很令人满意。Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroo

m.＝Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。2．能用v.­ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词：(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see，hear，feel，smel

l，find，notice，observe，lookat，listento等。Wesawalightburninginthewindow.我们看见窗户里有一盏灯在亮着。Canyousmellanythingburni

ng?你闻见有东西烧着了吗？(2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have，set，keep，get，catch，leave等。I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.让你一直等着我感觉很抱歉。Ican'tgettheclockgoingagain.我不能让钟表再次转动。二、v.­

ing形式作状语1．现在分词或分词短语作状语时，可以在句中充当让步、时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随或补充说明等状语。与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系(是主动的)。Notcomingontime,hewaspunished.＝Becausehedidn'tcomeontime，he

waspunished.(原因)因为没有按时来，他受到了惩罚。Readingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.＝Whilehewasreadingthebook，henoddedfromtimetotime.(时间)读书的时候，他

不时地点头。Workinghard，youwillsucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard，youwillsucceed.(条件)努力，你就会成功。Havingfailedmanytimes，hedidn't

loseheart.＝Thoughhehadfailedmanytimes，hedidn'tloseheart.(让步)尽管失败了许多次，他仍然没有丧失信心。Theteacherstoodthere，reading

anewspaper.＝Theteacherstoodthere，andreadanewspaper.(伴随，可以转化为一个并列句)老师站在那儿，读着报纸。Pleaseanswerthequestionusinganotherway.(方式)请用另外一种方式回答

问题。Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks，addingthathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.(补充说明)来访的部长表达了

对谈判的认可，他还补充说他此次来访很愉快。Hisfatherdied，leavinghimalotofmoney.(结果)他爸爸去世了，留给他许多钱。2．现在分词的否定结构现在分词的否定式由“not＋现在分词”构成。Notknowingwheretogo，shewenttoth

epoliceforhelp.不知道要去哪儿，她向警察寻求帮助。Notbeingseenbyanyone，thethiefescaped.趁着没被任何人看见，小偷逃跑了。Nothavingdoneitright

，Itriedagain.第一次没做对，我又尝试了一次。3．现在分词的时态(1)一般式：现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。Shesatthere，readinganovel.她坐在

那里看小说。Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.学走路的小孩常常跌倒。(2)现在分词的完成式所表示的动作通常在谓语动词的动作之前发生。Havingfinishedherhomework，thelit

tlegirlbegantowatchTV.做完作业后，这个小女孩开始看电视。HavinglivedinBeijingformanyyears，Carterknewthecitywell.因为在北京住了多年，卡特

对这个城市很熟悉。4．现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式表示其逻辑主语与现在分词动作是被动关系。(1)现在分词的一般被动式。Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.正在建的那栋楼是我们的图书馆。Beingrepaired，theswimm

ingpoolwon'topenuntilnextmonth.由于正在被修理，直到下个月游泳池才会开放。[提示]beingdone常作定语，表示被动的动作正在发生。(2)现在分词的完成被动式。Havin

gbeenwarnedbytheteacher，thestudentsdidn'tmakesuchmistakes.被老师警告之后，学生们不再犯这样的错误了。Havingbeentoldmanytimes，hestilldidnotknowhowtodoit.被教授好多次了，他还是不知道

怎么做。[提示]现在分词的完成被动式常作状语。5．一般说来，分词作状语，它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，但事实上有少数例外的情况，少部分动词ing形式可以充当独立成分，这时句子主语与其无任何语法关系，为固定形式。常见的有：generally/strictly/

exactly/honestlyspeaking大体上/严格/准确/老实地说；judgingfrom/by根据„„判断；considering考虑到；concerning关于。Generallyspeaking，

womenaremorepatientthanmen.一般来说，女性比男性更有耐心。[即学即练]完成句子1．因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。Notunderstandingthisproblem，heaskedthet

eacheraboutit.2．中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina，makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.3．有人看见嫌

疑犯进入了这座大楼。Thesuspectwasseenenteringthebuilding.4．他让灯着了一整晚，这使他父母很生气。Hehadthelightburningallnight，whichmadehisparentsv

eryangry.5．我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。Iwon'thaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ican'timagineBillyriding(ride)amo

torbike.2．Didyouhearthedogdownstairsbarking(bark)formostofthenight?3．WhenIcameoutofthetheatre，Inoticedagroupofchildrenplaying(play)musicali

nstrumentsacrossthestreet.4．Shesatatthedeskdoing(do)herhomework.5．Coming(come)fromJordan，hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.6．(2019·烟台一模)Igottotheo

fficeearlierthatday，havingcaught(catch)the7：30trainfromPaddington.7．(2016·天津卷)Thecoolingwindsweptthrou

ghourbedroomwindows，making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.8．(2016·北京卷)Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet，turning(tur

n)theoldtownintoadreamland.9．(2017·天津卷)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment，allowing(allow)morepat

ientstobetreated.10．Judging(judge)fromhisaccent，heisfromthesouthofChina.11．Havingstruggled(struggle)withdepression，eatingdisordersandalcoholabusefor

years，henowunderstandshowimportantbeinghealthyis.Ⅱ.短文语法填空(2019·威海高三模拟)Eachyear1.thousands(thousand)oftouristsvisitthepo

larregionsoftheArcticandAntarctica.Buttheincreasingnumberofpeople2.travelling(travel)totheendsoftheE

arthcanhave3.anegativeeffectonfragileecosystems.Shouldtourists4.beallowed(allow)tovisitpolarregions?About40，000touristsvisitAntarcticaeachyear

.MorethanfivemilliontraveltotheArcticandsub-Arctic.5.Transporting(transport)touriststotheregionsincreasesshipandairplanetraffic，

6.adding(add)totheriskofpollution,oilspoils,andotherenvironmentaldamage.Becausetheplaceswherewildlifeaccessible7

.are(be)fewinnumber,touristtrafficcanbecomeconcentratedinspecificareas，8.putting(put)Arcticvegetationatrisk.Otherssaythattheaccesstotheseve

ryspecialpartsoftheworldshouldnotberestrictedtoonlyresearchersandscientists.Polartourismallowspeopletodevelopde

ep9.personal(person)connectionswithpolarregions.“Those10.whotraveltotheArcticorAntarcticaoftenbecomecheerleadersforsupportingth

oseplaces.”JimSano,vicepresidentfortravelandconservationatWorldWildlifeFund,toldTFK.