【文档说明】19-20 Unit 1 Section Ⅲ　Grammar——v.-ing形式作定语和表语-人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册.doc，共(5)页，89.000 KB，由小喜鸽上传

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SectionⅢGrammar——v.­ing形式作定语和表语v．­ing形式作定语和表语v．­ing形式在句中作定语和表语是本单元的语法内容。下面讲述一下它的具体含义和用法。[观察例句]1．Itwasgreatfunwalkingalongthestree

ts，enjoyingtherelaxingatmosphere！Theperformanceswerejustamazing.2．AndIgetluckymoneyinredenvelopesfrommyparentsandrelati

ves，soit'salwaysanexcitingtimeforme.3．PerhapsThanksgiving.Whatcouldbebetter？Familiesgettingtogetherandeatingde

liciousfood，peoplewatchingsportsgamesonTV，friendslaughingandtalking，etc.4．Ithinkit'sChristmas.Ijustcan

'ttakemyeyesofftheshininglightsontheChristmastreeseverywhere.Lotsofsmilingfaces，andpeoplesingingChristmascarolsandwishingeachother“Merry

Christmas！”[归纳用法]一、v.­ing形式作定语1．单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。(1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。buildingmater

ials＝materialsforbuilding建筑材料areadingroom＝aroomforreading阅览室(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。apuzzlingproblem＝aproblemth

atpuzzlessomebody一个困扰人的问题asurprisingresult＝aresultthatissurprising一个惊人的结果developingcountries＝countriesthataredevelopi

ng发展中国家2．v.­ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。(1)Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.＝Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestre

et.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。(2)ThemanstandingthereisPeter'sfather.＝ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter'sfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。3．v.­ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语

从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。(1)Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.＝Theappletree,whichwas

swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。(2)Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.＝Hi

sbrother,whoisworkingasateacher，livesinBeijing.他的哥哥住在北京，是个老师。[提示]有些情况下，动词的-ing形式不能用来作定语，必须使用定语从句。作定语的v.­ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者

不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。[误]Theprofessorcominghereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.[正]Theprofessorwhocamehereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.昨天来的教授将要给我们做一个讲座。动词

-ing形式的完成式一般只用作状语，不作定语。[误]Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.[正]Thetemple(whichhasbeen)destroyedbythe

earthquakewillberebuiltsoon.被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。二、v.­ing形式作表语v．­ing形式作表语可分为两种情况：现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征，而动名词作表语则主要是

对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。Myjobisinteresting.我的工作很有趣。Myjobisteaching.我的工作是教书。[提示]现在分词和动名词作表语时的区别：第一句中的interesting为现在分词，它表示“工作”的特征；第二句中的teaching为动名词，它是对“工

作”内容的进一步说明。正因为如此，动名词作表语时可与主语交换位置，而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置。误：Interestingismyjob.正：Teachingismyjob.[即学即练]完成句子1

．你告诉正在那边玩耍的孩子们别制造噪音了吗？Didyoutellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakeanynoise?2．山顶上的庙宇是在明朝时建造的。ThetemplestandingonthetopofthehillwasbuiltintheMingD

ynasty.3．他昨晚看的电影很感人。Themoviehesawlastnightwasverytouching．4．听到这个让人吃惊的消息，他很紧张。Hearingthesurprisingnews，hewasverynervous.5．当他在机场看到我时，给了我一个欢迎的拥抱。Hegavem

eawelcominghugwhenhemetmeattheairport.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Herjobiskeeping(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.2．Cleaning(clean)womeninbigcitiesusuallygetp

aidbythehour.3．Noonehascomeupwithaconvincing(convince)explanationofwhythiskindofanimalisdyingout.4．Y

esterday，ourmanager，representing(represent)ourcompany，madeaspeechatthemeeting.5．Themenworking(work)extrahoursgot

anextrapay.6．Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelfstanding(stand)inonecorner.7．Thehousesbeingbuilt(build)

arefortheteachers.8．Theselanternshangingalongthestreetareamazing(amaze)．9．Thenewsissoexciting(excite)t

hatallthestudentsjumpedwithjoy.10．Theworkers'taskiscollecting(collect)informationfromallthematerial.Ⅱ.语法填空Thereisawonderfulst

oryaboutayounggirl1.having(have)nofamilyandnoonetoloveher.Oneday，2.feeling(feel)verysadandlonely，shewaswalkingthroughag

rasslandwhenshenoticedasmallbutterfly3.caught(catch)inathornybush.Theyounggirlcarefullyreleasedthebutte

rfly.Insteadof4.flying(fly)away，thelittlebutterflychangedintoabeautifulfairy.“Inreturnforyourwonderfulkindness，”theg

oodfairysaidtothegirl，“Iwillgiveyouanywishthatyouwouldlike5.toget(get).”Thelittlegirlthoughtforamomen

tandthenreplied，“Iwanttobehappy.”6．Leaning(lean)towardher,thefairywhisperedinherearandthendisappeared.Withthelittle

girl7.growing(grow)up，therewasnooneinthelandhappierthanshewas.Everyonewantedtomakethemselves8.told(tell)thesecretofhappinessbyher.Shewouldonlysmile

andanswer，“ThesecretofmyhappinessisthatIlistenedtoagoodfairywhenIwasalittlegirl.”Whenshewasdying,theneighborsallgathere

daroundher，9.fearing(fear)thatherunbelievablesecretofhappinesswoulddiewithher.Sotheybeggedhertotellthemwhatthegoodfairysaid.T

helovelyoldwomansimplysmiledandsaid，“Shetoldmethateveryone,nomatterhowoldoryoung,howrichorpoor，hadneedof

me.”Hearingthe10.interesting(interest)story，everyonebecamehappierfromthenon.