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Unit4SPACEEXPLORATIONSectionⅣListeningandTalking&ReadingforWriting栏目导航栏目导航2泛读能初养成技栏目导航栏目导航3阅读Reading2中的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whyaresomepeopleagainstspaceexplora

tionaccordingtothepassage？Becausetheythink________．A．itcosttoomuchtimeandmoneyB．itmightfeedtheworld'sp

oorC．itmayresultinpollutionandfataldiseasesD．itfailstorealisetheimportanceofspaceexploration栏目导航栏目导航42．WhichofthefollowingisNOTt

hebenefitofexploringspace?A．Fightingagainstworldhunger.B．Helpingfarmingtogrowmorefood.C．Changingthedataonlandandweatherpatte

rns.D．Promotingtechnologicalimprovementsaroundtheworld.栏目导航栏目导航53．WhatdidthepictureofEarthfromspacemakepeoplerealise?A．Wearelivi

ngonaisland.B．Ourearth'sresourcesarelimited.C．Wecanfindwaysintheblacksea.D．Marsisthebestplanettoliveon.[答案]1－3ACB

栏目导航栏目导航6WordsAndPhrases知识要点1lackn．缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏(教材P42)Astronauts'bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothe

lackofgravity，sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday，whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.在太空中由于缺乏引力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得很弱，因此他们需要每天进行锻炼，这有助于他们保持健康。栏目导航栏目

导航7[例1]Sheshowedalackofhumour.她缺乏幽默感。[例2]Thecropsalldiedforlackofwater.庄稼因为缺水都死了。[例3]Hedidn'tgotherebecausehelackedcoura

ge.他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。[造句]他们缺乏身体锻炼，也没有面对面与朋友交际的能力。_________________________________________________________________________________________Theyla

ckphysicalexerciseandtheskilltocommunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.栏目导航栏目导航8[知识拓展](1)lacksth.缺少某物(2)alackof...„„的缺乏forlac

kof...因缺乏„„havenolackof...不缺乏„„(3)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺乏；缺少栏目导航栏目导航9[提示]lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态

)，也可用作不及物动词；形容词lacking常与in连用。栏目导航栏目导航10[即学即练]单句语法填空①Moreandmorehigh­risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcities___lackofspac

e.②Though_______(lack)money，hesenthissontocollege.forlacking栏目导航栏目导航11知识要点2arguevi.&vt.论证；争辩；争论(教材P44)Somep

eoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.有些人主张我们应该停止浪费时间和钱财来探索太空。[例1]Shehasarguedthatwildan

imalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。栏目导航栏目导航12[例2]He

arguedwithMaryaboutthebestplaceforaholiday.他和玛丽为最好的度假地点而争吵。[例3]Theworkersarguedfortheirrighttostrike.工人们为他们罢工的权力而辩护。[造句]我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助需要

帮助的人。_________________________________________________________________________Iarguethateveryoneofus(

should)tryourbesttohelpthoseinneed.栏目导航栏目导航13[知识拓展](1)arguefor...为„„而争论；为„„而辩护argueagainst争辩(反对„„)arguethat...(should)dosth.

主张„„arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人争辩某事arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)argumentn.争论；争辩；论点栏目导航栏目导航14[拓展延伸]表示“说服„„做„„”的其他表达：①persuad

esb.todosth.②persuadesb.intodoingsth.③convincesb.todosth.④talksb.intodoingsth.栏目导航栏目导航15[即学即练]单句语法填空①HowIregrettedarguing____heraboutthe

importantquestion,whichmadeusallunhappy.②Wetriedmanywaystoarguehim____followingouradvice,butinvain.③Itisbeyond________(argue)thatDiaoyu

IslandsbelongtoChina.withintoargument栏目导航栏目导航16知识要点3resultin导致；造成(教材P44)IthasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.它已经直

接制造了很多现在绕地球运行的卫星。[例1]Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石

燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。栏目导航栏目导航17[例2]Ithadrainedheavilyforweeks，whichresultedinseverefloodinthisarea.大雨已下了几周，造成了这个地区的严重水灾

。[造句]她努力的结果是成功了，而她弟弟的失败源自他的懒惰。___________________________________________________________________________________________Here

ffortsresultedinhersuccesswhileherbrother'sfailureresultedfromhislaziness.栏目导航栏目导航18[知识拓展](1)resultin为及物动词短语，表示“

导致”的意思，其同义词有cause(引起)，bringabout(引起；导致；致使)；leadto(导致)；contributeto(有助于；向„„投稿)等。(2)resultfrom由„„产生asaresultof由于„„的原因

asaresult结果withoutresult毫无结果栏目导航栏目导航19[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①Asweallknow，hishardworkresulted__hissuccess.②Asw

eallknow，hissuccessresulted____hishardwork.infrom栏目导航栏目导航20(2)完成句子①由于辛勤的工作，她成功了。Shesucceeded______________herhardwork.②他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。Hemadeabi

gmistake，and___________，helosthisjob.asaresultofasaresult栏目导航栏目导航21知识要点4runout用完；耗尽(教材P45)Itisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpe

opleinspace，astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.在太空中找到新家园对人类来说是很有必要的，因为地球的资源会耗尽。栏目导航栏目导航22[例1]Foodsupplieshadrunouttowardstheendofthetrip.在旅行快结束

时，食物已经吃完了。[例2]Ourtimeisrunningout.我们的时间快没了。[造句]汽油用光了，汽车动不了了。__________________________________________Thepetrolh

asrunout；thecarcan'tmove.栏目导航栏目导航23[知识拓展](1)runoutof用完；用光；用尽giveout耗尽；筋疲力尽useup用完；耗尽(2)runfor竞选；匆匆去取r

unacross偶然遇到runinto撞上；遇到；邂逅runthrough浏览；跑着穿过栏目导航栏目导航24[明辨异同]runoutof/runout/giveout/useuprunoutof是及物动词短语，通常以人作主语，相当于useup，表示“用

完；用尽”runout是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，相当于giveoutgiveout可表示物“用完”或人“筋疲力尽”；还表示“发出；分发；宣布”等useup是及物动词短语，表示“用完；用尽”，相当于runout

of栏目导航栏目导航25[即学即练]单句语法填空①Foodsuppliesintheflood­strickenareaarerunning___．Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere'snoneleft.②Thetaxiran____thebikeandthe

manonthebikewasthrownoff.③Sheran______anoldfriendofhersonthewaytothestation.outintoacross栏目导航栏目导航26[小片段助记]

Worseluck！First,foodanddrinkingwaterhadbeenusedupbeforewereachedthedestination.Then,myhusbandwasspeedingupthecarwhenits

uddenlybrokedown.Itturnedoutthatthegashadrunout.Sowehadtowalkaheadalongtheroaduntilmystrengthgiveout.Wefinallym

adeourwaytoasmallhotelbuttoourdespair,wefoundwehadusedup/runoutofourmoney.栏目导航栏目导航27知识要点5attachvt.系；绑；贴(教材P46)W

hilesleeping，theymustattachthemselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.在睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己系在某个东西上以防止到处飘浮。[例1]Pleaseattachlabelstothelugg

age.请把行李贴上标签。栏目导航栏目导航28[例2]Thatmiddleschoolisattachedtoauniversity.这所中学附属于一所大学。[例3]Inthenewcentury，wes

tillshouldattachimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy.在新世纪，我们仍然要重视经济发展。[造句]很多青少年认为手机要比朋友重要得多。__________________________________

_______________________________________________Manyteenagersattachmuchmoreimportancetotheirphonesthantotheirfriends.栏目导航栏目导航29[知识拓展](1)attach..

.to...把„„固定/附在„„上attachgreatimportance/significancetosth.认为„„非常/很有意义(2)attachedadj.依恋；附属于beattachedto附属于；依恋栏目导航栏目导航30[即学即练]单句语法填空①Myparentsalwaysa

ttachimportance__mygettingagoodeducation.②Thishospital________(attach)tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyedinthef

lood.③Thishospital___________(attach)tothemedicalcollegenearby.toattachedisattached栏目导航栏目导航31记叙文之时间顺序——情节线是关键以时间

为顺序的记叙文是高考试题中较为简单的一种文体。在该类文体中往往含有两条重要线索：一个是时间的先后关联；另一个是在时间变化中的情节变化。高考试题往往以这些情节变化作为命题点。因此，在解答此类文体时要注意时间线是理解文章的助手，而情节线是解题的关键

。栏目导航栏目导航32[高考典例]2017·浙江卷·A篇(节选)[时间线→读文助手][情节线→解题关键]开端：时间1↓[1]BenjaminWest，thefatherofAmericanpainting，showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixye

arsofage．Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays，abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocam

elsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush．情节1：初见端倪本杰明在6岁时就展现出艺术

天赋：用猫毛自制画笔作画。栏目导航栏目导航33承接：时间2↓[2]Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱)．Hi

sfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.情节2：新荷初见本段承接上文，讲述了本杰明用猫毛制作画笔的事被父亲发现。栏目导航栏目导航

34发展：时间3↓[3]________________________________Thatyear，oneofBenjamin'scousins，Mr.Pennington，cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewent

home，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.Thesewerethefirstpicture

sandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.情节3——艺术启蒙本杰明的天赋引起了堂兄Mr.Pennington的注意，并得到帮助。(可解第22题)Thecat'slot

wasabouttoimprove.栏目导航栏目导航35发展：时间4↓[4]In1747，whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold，Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.Hewasa

mazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin'sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaf

oravisit.情节4——技艺提高本杰明9岁时被堂兄Mr.Pennington带到了费城。栏目导航栏目导航36高潮：地点[5]Inthecity，Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganala

ndscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams，awell­knownpainter，cametoseehimwork.Williamswas情节5——技惊名人在费城，本杰明开始叩栏目导航栏目导航37转换↓结局impressedwithBenj

aminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle，havingbeenapo

orstudent.Buthelatersaid，“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday，andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleo

fthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine­year­oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.响艺术殿堂的大门，并立志成为艺术家。(可

解第23、24题)栏目导航栏目导航38[定区间·细比对]22．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?A．Thecatwouldbeclosely

watched.B．Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C．Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D．Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.栏目导航栏目导航3923．Whatdi

dPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent？A．Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.B．Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmateria

ls.C．HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.D．Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.栏目导航栏目导航4024．Williams'twobooksh

elpedBenjaminto________．A．mastertheuseofpaintsB．appreciatelandscapepaintingsC．gettoknowotherpaintersD．makeuphismindtobeapainter[答案]22－24

DBD栏目导航栏目导航4122．由题眼――→定位第3段，由“情节1＋情节3”得出答案。23．由题眼――→定位第5段，由“情节5”并结合此段首句得出答案。24．由题眼――→定位第5段，由“情节5”并结合结局可推知答案。Thankyouforwatching!