【文档说明】19-20 Unit 4 Section Ⅲ　Grammar——不定式作定语和状语-人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册.ppt，共(24)页，2.358 MB，由小喜鸽上传

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Unit4SPACEEXPLORATIONSectionⅢGrammar——不定式作定语和状语栏目导航栏目导航2突破法大冲关语栏目导航栏目导航3不定式作定语和状语不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，有时to可以省略，其否定形式是“nottodo”。不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态、语

态的变化。不定式不能作谓语，但可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补语。本单元主要讲述不定式作定语和状语的用法。栏目导航栏目导航4[观察例句]1．Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplaneasafighterpilot.2．Asweal

lknow，anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.3．Firstofall，youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.栏目导航栏目导航54．Somes

cientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.5．On12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.栏目导航栏目导航6[归

纳用法]1．动词不定式的形式形式主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing栏目导航栏目导航72.句式功能(1)动词不定式作定语：当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，要用主

动表被动。[提示](1)不定式作定语需要后置。栏目导航栏目导航8(2)作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词或代词存在着三种主要的逻辑关系，即被修饰的名词和代词是不定式的逻辑主语(逻辑上的主谓关系)或逻辑宾语(逻辑上的动宾关系)或修饰

性关系(同位关系)。①动宾关系：Ihavealotofworktodo(要做)．Givemeapieceofpapertowriteon(写)．栏目导航栏目导航9②主谓关系：Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttogetintothelifeboat(登上救生

艇)．③修饰性关系：不定式前的名词是它修饰的对象，它所修饰的词多为抽象名词。need,time,way,right,chance,courage,reason,wish,movement...Thereisnoneedforhimtocome.Hehasnotimetoreadthebook.栏

目导航栏目导航10[提示]为动宾关系的不定式，必须是及物动词或不及物动词加介词；如果不定式所修饰的词是way或place，介词可省略。Itisacomfortablesofatositon.Hehasnowaytogo.Thisisthebestplacetowork栏目导航栏目导航11

(2)不定式作状语：不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示目的、原因、结果、条件等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。①Tolearnaforeignlanguagewell，youmusttryyourbest.[提

示]不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。栏目导航栏目导航12②Hesearchedthewholeroomonlytofindnothing.他搜遍了整个房间结果什么也没找到。[提示]不定式作状语与only连用放句尾常表出乎意料的结果

。栏目导航栏目导航13③I'mgladtoseeyou.见到你我很高兴。[提示]在表示“高兴、愉快、生气、遗憾”等表感情的形容词后，常用不定式作原因状语。栏目导航栏目导航14[即学即练]完成句子1．Jessie有了一个可以玩的新玩具。Jessiegotanewtoy____________．2．她

没有可以依赖的朋友。Shehasnofriend____________．toplaywithtodependon栏目导航栏目导航153．为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。_____________

_________________________，wemustworkhard.4．公共汽车停下来以便接载乘客。Thebusstopped_____________________________________

．Topassthecollegeentranceexaminationinorderto/soastopickuppassengers栏目导航栏目导航165．令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。Wewere

astonished__________________stillinitsoriginalcondition.6．我匆忙赶到机场，结果发现John已经走了。Irushedtotheairport，____________thatJohnhadgo

ne.tofindthetempleonlytofind栏目导航栏目导航17Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Helikednothingbut________(watch)TV.2．_______(find)outmoreaboutthecomputercourse，visitthiswebs

ite.3.Heisalwaysthefirst_______(come)toschool.towatchTofindtocome栏目导航栏目导航184．_______(tell)thetruth,Iamnothap

pyatthemoment.5．Themeeting__________(hold)tomorrowisimportant.6．Wedidn'texpectthere_____(be)somanypeople.7．Itri

edtopersuadehim________(agree)toyourproposal.Totelltobeheldtobetoagree栏目导航栏目导航198．Theydon'tallowthesebooks_____

______(take)outofthereadingroom.9．Theydidalltheycould_______(save)thechild.10．Iamglad_____________(work)withyounow.tobetakent

osavetobeworking栏目导航栏目导航20Ⅱ.短文语法填空RecentlyintheUS，morestudentsprefer1.________(leave)thecampusandstudyinaforeigncount

ryforhalf2.________oneyear.Somepeoplemaybe3.________(frighten)：communicatinginaforeignlanguage，leavingfriendsandadjustingtoanewenvironmentarevery

difficultforstudents4.________(study)abroad.However，theexperiencestudentshaveabroadisoftenimpossibletogainattheirhomeuni

versities.栏目导航栏目导航21“Globally，thereissomuch5.________(do)．I'mhoping6.________(go)somewhereandexperiences

omethingIwouldn'tgetathome，”astudentwhointended7.________(study)abroadsaid.Itwassaidthattheincreasehadsomethingto

dowiththeuniversities'promisethattheyencouragestudentstostudyoverseas.Theuniversitieshavebeen8.________

(real)goodaboutsayingthatstudentsneed9.________(go)abroad.栏目导航栏目导航22FormanyAmericanstudents，someofthemostimportantlessonsabroadarethose10

.________(experience)outsidetheclassroom.Studentscanhavedeepopinions.Evenverysmallculturaldifferencecansurprisethestudents.[答案]1.toleave2.o

r3.frightened4.tostudy5.todo6.togo7.tostudy8.really9.togo10.experienced栏目导航栏目导航23课时分层作业点击右图进入…Thankyouforwatching!