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Unit3DIVERSECULTURESSectionⅡListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking——LanguagePoints栏目导航栏目导航2教学识细解码知栏目导航栏目导航31．_______adj.不同的；

多种多样的→_________n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2．_______n．机会；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地3．______adj具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的→ethni

cityn．种族渊源；种族特点diversediversityfortuneethnic栏目导航栏目导航44．_____vi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→admissionn．准许进入；入场费；承认5．definiteadj.肯定的；确定的→__________adv.肯

定；确实6．historyn．历史→__________adj.(有关)历史的→historicadj.历史上著名的(或重要的)，可名垂青史的admitdefinitelyhistorical栏目导航栏目导航57．_______

__n．(外来)移民；外侨→immigratevi移居；移居→immigrationn．移民(入境)；移民人数8．______vt.选举；挑选；选拔→selectionn．选择；选拔9．_______n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物→journalist

n．新闻记者；新闻工作者→journalismn．新闻业；新闻工作10．minoradj.较小的；次要的→________n．少数民族；少数派；少数人immigrantselectjournalminority栏目导航栏目导航61．chipn．(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯

片；碎片①Therearesomechipsofwoodontheground.____②Allthemaincourseareservedwithchipsorbakedpotato.________③Everymachin

ehasasmallchipinit.____碎片炸土豆条芯片栏目导航栏目导航72．claimvt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言①Idon'tclaimtobeanexpert.____②Thecarcrashclaimedthreelives.__________③T

hesingerhasdeniedthemagazine'sclaimthatsheisleavingtheband.____宣称夺去(生命)断言栏目导航栏目导航83．escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；

解脱①Heescapedfromtheprison.____②Theyweregladtoescapethecoldwinterforanotheryear.____③Ihadanarrowescape.____

④Forhertravelwasanescapefromtheboredomofhereverydaylife._________逃脱避开逃脱解脱；消遣栏目导航栏目导航9WordsAndPhrases知

识要点1fortunen．机会；运气(教材P26)fortunecookie幸运曲奇[例1]Mr.Parkerworkedinasmallcompanyfortwoyearsandthenhewentabroadtoseek/tryhisfortune.帕克先生在一

家小公司里工作了两年，然后就出国碰运气了。栏目导航栏目导航10[例2]Nowadaysmanyyoungpeopledreamofmakingafortuneinbigcities.现在许多年轻人梦想在大城市里发财。[造句]使他感到高兴的是，他有幸与一些世界顶级的运动员一起训练。

_________________________________________________________________________________Tohisjoy，hehad/hasthefortunetotrainwithsomeoftheworld'stopathletes.栏

目导航栏目导航11[知识拓展](1)makeafortune发财seekone'sfortune外出找出路tryone'sfortune碰运气(2)fortunateadj.幸运的befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.幸运地做某事(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地栏

目导航栏目导航12[即学即练]单句语法填空①Nowtherearemanyyoungmeninoursocietydreamingofmaking_fortunewithouthardwork.②Shewasfo

rtunateenough_______(find)ajobassoonasshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.③___________(fortune)，ayoungmanwhowasjustpassingbycameuptotheinj

ured.atofindFortunately栏目导航栏目导航13④Ihavehadthegood_______(fortunate)toworkwithsomebrilliantdirectors.⑤Shewas_____

____(fortune)enoughtofindajobassoonasshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.fortunefortunate栏目导航栏目导航14[小片段助记]Fortunately，Iwasfortunateenought

oattendthefilmfestivalinParis.IfIhadthefortunetomeetthefamousstar，whosoughthisfortuneinthebigcitywhenhewas

young.Iwouldaskhimtogivemeasignature.栏目导航栏目导航15知识要点2admitvt.&vi.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)(教材P28)Ihavetoadmitthatitdefini

telyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.我不得不承认再次回到这座城市感觉真是太好了。[例1]Headmittedstealingsomevegetables.他承认偷了菜。栏目导

航栏目导航16[例2]Theboywasveryhappybecausehewasadmittedintoakeyuniversity.这个男孩很高兴，因为他被重点大学录取了。[例3]Thetheateradmits1，000people.这个剧院可容纳一千人

。[造句]不得不承认的是，现在人们对残疾人的态度已经有了很大的改变。______________________________________________________________________________________Itisadmi

ttedthatnowadayspeople'sattitudetowardsthedisabledhaschangedalot.栏目导航栏目导航17[知识拓展](1)admit(doing/havingdone)sth.承认(做过)某事admit＋n.＋tobe...承认„„

是„„admitsb./sth.into/to允许某人/某物进入/加入beadmittedto/into...被录取，被接纳，被允许进入„„beadmittedas...作为„„被接受(2)admissionn.进入；入场费；承认栏目导航栏目导航18

[即学即练]单句语法填空①Allofmyclassmatesareworkinghardinordertobeadmitted_______akeyuniversity.②Whenthepolicequestionedhim，Georgeadmitted_______________

________(steal)thecar.③Uptillnow_________(admit)tocollegeisgainedbyexamonly.to/intostealing/havingsto

lenadmission栏目导航栏目导航19知识要点3occurvi.发生；出现(教材P28)Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.

这是一个多么棒的城市啊——一个在1906年发生地震之后能够重新自建的城市。栏目导航栏目导航20[例1]Agoodideaoccurredtomeallatonce.突然我想到了一个好主意。[例2]Ithadneveroccurredtohimthatshemight

beagainsthim.他从没想到她会反对他。栏目导航栏目导航21[例3]Whendidtheaccidentoccur?事故是什么时候发生的？[造句]我突然想到，自上封信以来，已经有太长时间没收到华莱士的信了。_______________________

________________________________________________ItoccurredtomethatithadbeentoolongsinceIheardfromWallace.栏目导航栏目

导航22[知识拓展]sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起„„Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事栏目导航栏目导航23[提示]表达

“发生”之意时，occur与happen可以互换；另外occur，happen，takeplace，breakout，comeabout等表示“发生；爆发”的短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。栏目导航栏目导航24[即学即练]单句语法填空

①Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccident________(occur)．②Itoccurred__himthathehadleft

hiswalletathome.occurredto栏目导航栏目导航25[小片段助记]Itoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysinhisoffice.Sohewenttocatchthem.Onhiswaytohisoffice，hesawat

erribleaccidentoccurredinthemiddleoftheroad.栏目导航栏目导航26知识要点4seekvt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求；(向某人)请求(教材P28)Over300，000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtosee

ktheirfortune，...全球有三十多万人来这里寻求发展之路，„„[例1]Youmustseekpermissionfromthemanager.你需请求经理批准。栏目导航栏目导航27[例2]Theexplanationisnotfartos

eek.这种解释不难理解。[例3]Theyareseekingtomisleadus.他们竭力误导我们。[造句]我想是时候寻求法律援助了。______________________________________Ithinkit'st

imewesoughtlegalaid.栏目导航栏目导航28[知识拓展]seek(for/after)sth./sb.寻找某人/某物seekout挑选/找出seekone'sfortune寻找致富之路；碰运气seektodosth.试图做某事seekhap

piness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福、安逸、财富、成功栏目导航栏目导航29[即学即练]单句语法填空①He______(seek)forahousenearbybutfoundnone

suitable.②Weseek_______(help)allstudentsmakegreatprogressintheirEnglish.③Heisthemanwhoisalwaysseeking_________truth.soughttohelpfor/after栏目导航栏目导航3

0[小片段助记]Toseekhappiness，hesoughttoseekhisfortuneinthebigcity，wherehesoughtfor/afterapartnertohelphimruna

company.栏目导航栏目导航31知识要点5earnvt.&vi.赚；挣得；赢得；博得；赚得；使获得(教材P28)Toearnaliving，someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.为了谋生，有些人在唐人

街开了商店和餐馆。[例1]Henowearnshislivingasalorrydriver.他现在靠当卡车司机谋生。栏目导航栏目导航32[例2]Shedoesn'tearnmuchmoney，butsheenjoysthework.她赚的钱不多，但是她

喜欢这份工作。[例3]Everyoneshouldhavethemeanstoearntheirownliving.每个人都应该有自己谋生的手段。[造句]他的成就赢得了人们的尊重。____________________________________

___Hisachievementearnedrespectforhim.栏目导航栏目导航33[知识拓展](1)earnsb.sth.使某人赚得某物earnmoney＝makemoney赚钱earna/one'sliving＝makea/one'sliving谋生；维持生活earnareputa

tion赢得美名(2)earningsn.所得；收入；工资栏目导航栏目导航34[即学即练]单句语法填空①He______(earn)hislivingbysellingfruitwhenyoung.②Av

erageweekly________(earn)roseby1.5%inJuly.[小片段助记]Hisrichworkingexperienceearnedhimagoodchanceinthebigcomp

any，threeyearsago，nowhenotonlyearnshislivingbyworkingherebutalsohaveearned/earnsareputationinthefieldofhiswork.Besides，hisearnings

arerisingyearbyyear.earnedearnings栏目导航栏目导航35知识要点6selectvt.挑选；选择；选拔(教材P29)IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.

我选了一家广东餐馆，这家餐馆用精美的瓷盘呈上食物。[例1]Hehasn'tbeenselectedforthenationalteam.他未能入选进国家队。栏目导航栏目导航36[例2]Hewasselected

astherepresentativeofthecompanytoattendthemeeting.他被选为公司代表来参加这个会议。[造句]选出来的琥珀呈现出漂亮的蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。____________________

________________________________________________________Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellowbrowncolourlikehoney.栏目

导航栏目导航37[知识拓展](1)selectsb.todosth.挑选某人做某事selectsb./sth.as/tobe...挑选某人/物作„„(2)selectionn.挑选；选择栏目导航栏目导

航38[即学即练]单句语法填空①Weselectedher____________(represent)usatthemeeting.②Thethree__________(select)presentedabovearetypicalexample

s.③Theplayers________(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummergame.torepresentselectionsselected栏目导航栏目

导航39知识要点7claimn．&vt.夺取(生命)；主张；宣称；认领；索取；夺去；断言(教材P29)Over3，000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffirestha

toccurredafterit.在1906年的旧金山地震中有3000多人被夺去生命，并且震后还发生了一系列的火灾。栏目导航栏目导航40[例1]Weagreetoacceptallyourclaim.我方同意

接受贵方的所有索赔。[例2]Wewillseethosewhoclaimtobeleadersforthepeace.我们将看到那些声称自己带来和平的领导人。[造句]据称有些医生每周工作80小时。___________________________________

________________Itisclaimedthatsomedoctorsareworking80hoursaweek.栏目导航栏目导航41[知识拓展](1)claimtodo...声称做„„Itisclaimedthat...据称„„

(2)makeaclaim声称；断言栏目导航栏目导航42[即学即练]单句语法填空①Inhealth­foodstores，you'llfinddozensofproductsthatclaim_____(do)wondersforyourbrain.②Heclai

medhimself_____(be)theownerofthecar.③Hemade_claimthathewouldbeelectedaspresidentofthecompany.todotobea栏目导航栏

目导航43知识要点8apartfrom除了„„外(还)；此外(教材P29)Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers，itishometomanyethnicminoritygroups.(云南)除了是花的王国以

外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。[例1]Apartfromtheboringfightbetweenthetwoheroes，itisareallygoodmovie.除了两个主人公之间乏味的打斗以外，这部电影还真的不错。栏目导航栏目导航44[例2]Apartfrombein

gapainter，sheisalsoayogacoach.除了是位画家，她还是个瑜伽教练。[造句]除了以上提到的结构，你也学会了下面的词组。_________________________________

_______________________________________________________Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearne

dthefollowingphrases.栏目导航栏目导航45[知识拓展](1)apartfrom具有下列三层含义：①相当于aswellas/inadditionto。指“除„„之外(还)；此外；加之”，强调

“另外还有”；②相当于asidefrom。指“除了„„外”；③相当于exceptfor。指“除了„„外(都)；要不是”，是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take...apart将„„拆开tellsb./sth.apart把某人/某物区分开栏目导航栏目导航46[即学即

练]完成句子①除了自然和文化奇观外，杭州也因为美食烹饪而出名。__________naturalandculturalwondersHangzhouisalsofamousforitsculinary

(烹饪的)delights.②除了结尾以外，这真的是一部好电影。__________theending，it'sareallygoodfilm.③他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。Theyaresoalike，andit'sdifficul

tto_______________．ApartfromExceptfortellthemapart栏目导航栏目导航47知识要点9escapevt.&vi.逃脱；逃走；避开n．逃脱；逃跑；解脱(教材P29)Aftervis

itingthesouthernpartofYunnan，IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestdistrictofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.参观云南南部之后，我不得不承

认它是中国躲避寒冷冬天的最好的地区。栏目导航栏目导航48[例1]Wherecanwegotoescapethecrowds?我们到哪里才能躲开这些人群？[例2]Thethiefjumpedintoacarandmadehise

scape.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。栏目导航栏目导航49Hethe去年从那座监狱逃脱了。他差一点被警察发现后击毙，但是幸运的是，他总算死里逃生了。[造句]据报道一名旅客非常幸运地在空难中逃生。___________

________________________________________________________________________________Itwasreportedthatonepassengerwasfortunatetoesc

apebeingkilledintheplanecrash.[例3]Hetheescapedfromtheprisonlastyear.Hewasalmostfoundandshotbythepolic

e，butluckilyhehadaescapedeath/narrowescape.栏目导航栏目导航50[知识拓展](1)escapefrom...从„„逃脱；逃避escapedoing/beingdonesth.逃避(被)做某

事escapedeath死里逃生anarrowescape九死一生(2)escapedadj.逃跑了的栏目导航栏目导航51[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hehad_narrowescapeintheexplosion.②Aliceescaped____________(kill)inth

ebigfire.③Everypossiblemeanshasbeenused，butthewordsstillescape____hismemory.④Withthecaptureofthe_______(

escape)tiger，everyonefeltrelieved.abeingkilledfromescaped栏目导航栏目导航52SentencePatterns重点句式1manysittingontopofbighills独立主格结构(教材P28)Therearesomanybe

autifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills，...有太多漂亮的老建筑物——好多都坐落在群山之上，„„栏目导航栏目导航53句式分析：manysittingontopofb

ighills为独立主格结构，相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句，即manyofwhichsitontopofbighills.栏目导航栏目导航54[例1]Helayonhisback，hishandscrossingunderhishead.他双手交叉放在头下面，仰面

躺着。[例2]Timepermitting，we'llhaveadictationtoday.如果时间允许的话，今天我会听写。[造句]树叶到处飘落，我突然意识到秋天来临了。___________________

____________________________________________________Leavesfallinghereandthere，Isuddenlynoticeautumnisdrawingupon.栏目导航栏目导航55[知识拓展]

独立主格结构小结：(1)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；但有时分词(短语)有自己的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中作状语。栏目导航栏目导航56(2)独立主格结构形式归纳：①名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)②名词/代词

＋过去分词(表示被动和已经完成)③名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)④名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)⑤with＋名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/介词短语/副词栏目导航栏目导航5

7[即学即练]单句语法填空①Themeeting_____(be)over,peoplewentbackhome.②Muchtime_____(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworke

rsaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.③Shestoodtherechattingwithherfriend,withherchild_______(play)beside

her.beingspentplaying栏目导航栏目导航58重点句式2can'twait！等不及想做(某事)(教材P29)can'twait！我等不及想(去了)!句式分析：本句是Ican'twaittogotoaja

zzbarintheRichmondDistrict的省略形式，句意“我迫不及待想去列治文区的一个爵士乐酒吧”。can'twaittodosth./forsth.某人等不及想做某事。栏目导航栏目导航59[例1]Wecan'twaittohaveatry.我们等不及想要尝试一下。[例2]They

can'twaitforaviewofthatsinger.他们等不及想要看看那位歌手了。[造句]我们迫不及待地想见到他。______________________________Wecanhardlywaittoseehim.栏目导航栏目导航6

0[知识拓展]canhardlywaittodosth.canneverwaittodosth.急于想做某事can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住要干某事栏目导航栏目导航61[即学即练]完成句子①Thechildren_______________(迫

不及待地)togoswimming.②Whenthetermiscomingtoanend，manystudentscan't________(迫不及待想)theirvacation.③He_________________(禁不住要拿出)outofphonefromhisbagas

soonashesatdownonthetable.canhardlywaitwaitforcan'thelptaking栏目导航栏目导航621．(教材P28)Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown，butisnowacentreforart，music

，andfood.[分析]本句为并列句，but连接两个并列句。usedto意为“过去常常”后跟动词原形。[译文]这个区过去是这个城市的贫民区，但是现在是艺术、音乐和美食的中心。栏目导航栏目导航632．(教材P28)In

thesameyear，goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco，whichstartedagoldrush.[分析]本句为复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句。which代指前面的g

oldwasdiscovered...这件事。[译文]同年，在旧金山附近发现了金矿，于是开始了淘金热。栏目导航栏目导航643．(教材P28)ThemuseumdidareallygoodjobofshowinghowAmericawasbuiltbyimmigrantsfromdifferent

countriesandcultures.[分析]本句为复合句。how引导的从句作showing的宾语。[译文]这家博物馆特别好地向我们展示了来自不同国家和文化的移民是如何建设美国的。栏目导航栏目导航65教材高考1.The

museumdidareallygoodjobofshowinghowAmericawasbuiltbyimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandcultures.(2019

·全国卷Ⅰ)Asonofimmigrants，ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.栏目导航栏目导航662.Over3，000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFran

ciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafterit.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco­authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系

列)oflifestylebooks.栏目导航栏目导航673.explorethediverseculturesoftheworld(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristar

tschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.4.AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYun

nan，IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestdistrictofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappi

ngherontheshoulder.栏目导航栏目导航685.IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Ateam

ofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0－25dropsofwa

terorjuiceasareward.栏目导航栏目导航69Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．WhenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia，youmaynotbesurprisedatthe_________(dive

rse)ofitscultureandcustoms.2．OfthefirstpeopletogotoCalifornia，the________(minor)weresuccessfulinfindinggoldthen.3．Thiswasaterribleprisonf

romwhichnoone_______(escape)atthattime.diversityminorityescaped栏目导航栏目导航704．Ninepersons____________(claim)theirlivesinth

ecarcrashandtheothertwoalsodiedonthewaytothehospital.5．HewenttoAmericatotryhis_______(fortunate)whenhewas

young.6．Headmitted___________________(take)mybookbymistakeinthelibraryyesterday.wereclaimedfortunetaking/havingtaken栏目导航

栏目导航717．Theheavystorm________(occur)onthedistrictdoinggreatdamagetothelocalhouses.8．He________(select)apairofshoesfromtheshopandleft.9．Youcan

refertothese________(diagram)whenyoudoyourhomework.10．Mr.Smithmadea_______(journal)fromParistoNewYork.occurredselecteddiagramsjour

ney栏目导航栏目导航72Ⅱ.语境填空headto；seekone'sfortune；earnaliving；seriesof；apartfrom；usedto；infact；walkaround；can'twa

ittodo；itoccurstosb.1．_____________himthathehadlefthiskeysonthedesk.2．Hewantedto________________inBeijing，so

helefthishometown.Itoccuredtoseekhisfortune栏目导航栏目导航733．Theteacher_________Mark'sdeskandaskedhimtoanswerthequestion

.4．To_____________，theyoungmanhadtoworkinthedayandnight.5．Hebought_________bookswrittenbythefamousnovelist，Rolin.headedtoear

nalivingseriesof栏目导航栏目导航746．__________Englishandmaths，healsolearnsChineseandhistoryintheschool.7．He_______swimintheriverwhenhewasy

oung.8．_______，hedoesn'tlikeplayingfootballinhissparetime.9．He_____________inthesupermarketlookingforsomethingheneede

dtobuy.10．I_________________thefamousscientist，whohasbeendevotedtotheEducationcauseofChina.ApartfromusedtoInfactwalkedaroundcan'twaittosee栏目导航栏目

导航75Ⅲ.课文语法填空SanFranciscoisagreatcity，whichwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethat1.________(occ

ur)in1906.Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings－many2._______(sit)ontopofbighills，offeringgreatviewsofthecity

，theocean，andtheGoldenGateBridge.MissionDistrictistheoldestpartofthecity，3._____usedtobeapoorarea，butnowisacentreofa

rt，music，andfood.Infact，anartmovementcalledthe“MissionSchool”startedhere.It4.__________(influence)bygraffitiartandcomicart.occurredsittingwhichisinfl

uenced栏目导航栏目导航76In1848，AmericagotCalifornia5.____Mexico，andgoldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco.Thedreamof6._______(seek)theirfortunequicklyattra

ctedpeoplefromallovertheworld，soSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.Infact，fewachievedtheirdreamof7.________(become)rich.8._______(earn)aliving，so

meopened9.__shopsandrestaurants，somefoundjobsonfarms，andotherswenttobuildtherailway.Itisthoseimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandcu

ltures10.____builtAmerica.fromseekingbecomingToearnupthatThankyouforwatching!