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1课时分层作业(十四)[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Doyouknowhowmanyofthemjoinedintheresearchproject?2．Theprisonerbrokeawayfromthepolicemenwhowereholdinghim.3．Heisacl

erkbelonging(belong)tothiscompany.4．Thearmy'sdutyistodefendthecountryagainst/fromtheenemyratherthantoinvadeothercountries.5．Withthehousessurroun

ded(surround)，thethiefcouldn'tescapeandwascaughtbythepolicemen.6．Itisevident(evidence)thatsmokingisharmfult

ohealth.7．Idon'tlikethewaythathelaughedatme.8．Westilldonotknowtheexactlocation(locate)ofthecrash.9．Thisw

asnomeanachievement(achieve)forthegovernment.10．Thesetruthscausealotofindividuals(individual)muchpsychicpain.Ⅱ.完成句子1．我借给你的那本书是我弟弟

的。ThebookIlentyoubelongstomybrother．2．尽管并不是每个人都应该参加，但是你能收拾一下和我们一起去野营吗？Eventhoughnoteveryoneshouldjoinin，canyoupackandjoinusi

ncamping?3．除了和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛之外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。Aswellasgoingtothemoviesandfootballmatcheswithmyfriends，Ispendalotoftimewithmypets.4．作为年轻人，我们应

该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。Asyoungmen，weshouldlearntostandupwherewefall．5．人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。PeoplesayitisCanada'smostbeautifulcity，surroundedb

ymountainsandthePacificOcean.2[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解EveryAugust，Spain'scountrysidecomesalivewithfeasts.Buthardlyanyoneactua

llyliveshere.Peoplecomeoneweekayeartopartyinthevillagesoftheirancestors.Duringtheother51weeks，villagesared

eserted.“Therewasatimewhenthisplacewasgrowing！Butnotanymore.”saysFelixSacristan，who's55andunemployed，livinginhislategrandfather

'shouse.“Theonlyonesleftaretheelderly.Therearelotsofabandonedhomes.Itmakesforcheaphousing，”hesays.LikemuchofSpain'scentralMesetaTablePlateau，thislan

disdustyandtheclimateissevere.Peoplesayit'slikeninemonthsofwinterandthreemonthsofburninghell.“Thislandusedtobeforcereals(谷物)，butit'sdifficulttogro

wanythingelse，”Sacristansays.“Andwhowantstobeafarmerthesedaysnow，anyway？”InnorthernEurope，theIndustrialRevolutionpulledpeopletobigcitiescenturiesag

o.ButinSpain，thatmigrationhappenedmuchlater.ThefirstwaveoccurredaftertheSpanishCivilWarinthelate1930s；thesecond，afterSpain'smilitarygoverningended

inthelate1970s.Nowthere'sbeenathirdleaving，duringtherecenteconomiccrisis.Butit'snotjustonSpain'sseverecentralland.Evenvillagesinthecountry'smos

tfertilenorthwestregion，Galicia，arebeingdepopulated．TheGalicianlandscapeoncesupportedSpain'shighestpopulatio

n，andhalfofallSpanishvillagesarelocatedthere.Nownearlyhalfofthesevillagesareabandoned.“SomeoftheplacesI'mfindinghavebeene

mptyfor50or60years，”Adkinson，aBritish­bornrealestate(房地产)agentwhosearchesthecountrysideforabandonedpropertiesandtriestomatchthemupwithforei

gnbuyers，says.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了西班牙农村的变迁，曾经富3饶的土地养活了许多人口，但是经过几次从农村到城市的迁徙，许多土地和房屋已经被荒弃。1．Thetextmainlytellsab

outthepresentsituationof．A．thecultureinSpainB．theagingprobleminSpainC．oldbuildingsinSpainD．countrysidelifeinSpainD[主旨大意题。本篇文章开头就提到

西班牙农村的生活状况，第三段还提到农村的三次移民，这都是围绕西班牙农村生活展开的，故选D。]2．WhatisthelandwhereFelixSacristanliveslike?A．Itisasrichasever.B．Itispollutedbyrubbish.C．Itis

hardtofarmforaliving.D．Itisfrozenthroughouttheyear.C[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中FelixSacristan所说的话“Thislandusedtobeforcereals(谷物)，butit'sdifficulttogrowany

thingelse”和“Andwhowantstobeafarmerthesedaysnow，anyway？”(这块土地过去是被用来种植谷物的，但是现在很难种植其他东西。现在谁还想当农民呢？)可知，现在种庄稼很难谋生。故选C。]3．T

heunderlinedpart“beingdepopulated”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“”．A．sufferingdisastersB．gainingattentio

nC．producingmoreD．reducingresidentsD[词义猜测题。D项意思是居民减少。从文中第三段后面几句：甚至在该国最肥沃的西北地区——加利西亚„„，西班牙一半的村庄位于那里，它曾经养

活着西班牙最多的人口，现在那里将近一半的村庄也被荒弃了。故选D。]4．Whichofthefollowingcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Villagesgotemptysuddenlyin

Spain.B．Somerichpeoplearemovingtocountryside.C．Spanishhaveexperiencedseveralmigrations.4D．Workingasareale

stateagentinSpainisveryeasy.C[推理判断题。第三段提到三次人口迁徙：第一次发生在二十世纪三十年代末；第二次发生在二十世纪七十年代末；第三次就是现在(最近的经济危机时)。所以答案为C项。]Ⅱ.完

形填空TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.OneiscalledIrelandand1Britain.Britain，orGreatBritain，isthelargeroneofthesetwoisl

ands，anditis2intothreeparts：Scotland，WalesandEngland.TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles3bytheQu

een.ItismadeupofScotland，WalesandEngland，thatis，the4ofBritain，andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland，thenorthernpart.The5ofI

relandisself-governing.The6nameoftheUnitedKingdomis7“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”．Englandis8andricherthanScotland，Wa

lesandNorthernIreland，andhasthemost9oftheUnitedKingdom，sopeopleoftenusethe10“England”and“English”whenthey11“Britain”and“British”．Thi

ssometimesmakestheScotsandtheWelshalittle12．TheScotsinparticulararevery13oftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshtoodonot

14themselvesasEnglish，andhaveacultureand15alanguageoftheirown.IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801，butforfort

yyearsthe“Irish16”wasthegreatestheadacheoftheUnitedKingdom.17，Irelandwasdividedintotwo：NorthernIrela

ndstill18totheUnitedKingdom，andin1922therestofIreland19tofoundanIrishFreeState，latercalledEireandnowtheRepublicofIreland.TheRepu

blicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain，andisnotnowevenasupporteroftheCommonwealthofNations.UnlikethemajorCom

monwealthcountries，itdidnotliftafingerto20BritishintheSecondWorldWarandnowwantsthewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.【语篇

解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国的地理概况、组成部分及历史渊源等。1．A.theoneB．theother5C．anotherD．otherB[由上文中的“twolargeislands.OneiscalledIreland”可知，此处为两个中的另一个，应选B。]2．A.dividedB

．cutC．brokenD．separatedA[bedividedinto意为“被分成„„”；cutinto意为“打断，侵犯”；breakinto意为“破门而入”；separate常和from搭配，意为“分离，分开”。]3．A

.watchedoutB．takenupC．defendedagainstD．ruledoverD[由该句并结合常识可知，“TheUnitedKingdom”就是“theBritishIsles”中被女王统治的那一部分。]4．A.halfB．partC．mostD．wholeD[由第一段

最后一句可知，Britain是由Scotland，Wales和England三部分组成，所以说以上三部分就是整个的Britain。]5．A.smallerB．biggerC．restD．islandC[爱尔兰分为两部分，北部为英国统治，其他部分自治。]6．A.c

orrectB．trueC．fullD．lastC[此处指英国的全称。fullname“全名”。]7．A.soB．thereforeC．likelyD．perhapsB[由上文可知theUnitedKingdom包括Scotland，Wales，England以及N

orthernIreland，又因Scotland，Wales和England就是指整个Britain，因此theUnitedKingdom又被称为“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”。

]8．A.meanerB．widerC．poorerD．largerD[England比其他的地方更大(larger)，更富有。]69．A.collegesB．officialsC．citiesD．populationD[只有人口最多，再加上面积最大和人民最富有，

才能使人们提起Britain和British这两个词时常用England和English来代替。D项符合语境。]10．A.wordsB．namesC．spellingsD．pronunciationsA[参见

上题解析。]11．A.sayB．coverC．showD．writeA[表示当人们说Britain和British时，常常用England和English这两个单词来代替。]12．A.angryB．cautiousC．enjoyableD．lonelyA[

因为Wales和Scotland都属于Britain，所以这样做自然让威尔士人和苏格兰人都有点生气(angry)。]13．A.proudB．tiredC．fondD．carefulA[根据语境可知，此处指尤其是苏格兰人，他们以自己是

不同的民族而自豪。beproudof意为“为„„自豪或骄傲”，符合语境。]14．A.respectB．rankC．electD．regardD[此处表示威尔士人也不把自己看作(regard)英格兰人。]15．A.everB．evenC．seldomD．n

everB[威尔士人有自己的文化，甚至有自己的语言。]16．A.CountryB．QuestionC．DiseaseD．RepublicB[由下文中的“thegreatestheadache”可推出答案为B。]17．A.FinallyB．HoweverC．MeanwhileD．Instead7A[

爱尔兰最终被分为两部分。finally意为“最后”。]18．A.returnsB．belongsC．refersD．addsB[belongto意为“属于”，NorthernIreland仍旧属于theUnitedKingdom。]19．A.turnedawayB．run

awayC．brokeawayD．keptawayC[1922年爱尔兰剩余的部分脱离了出来。词组breakaway表示“脱离”。]20．A.uniteB．rejectC．fightD．helpD[爱尔兰共和国在二战中一点都没有帮助英国人。由“

liftafinger”可知此处指帮助(help)。]