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1课时分层作业(十四)[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Doyouknowhowmanyofthemjoinedintheresearchproject?2．Theprisonerbrokeawayfromthepolicemenwhowereholdingh

im.3．Heisaclerkbelonging(belong)tothiscompany.4．Thearmy'sdutyistodefendthecountryagainst/fromtheenemyrathertha

ntoinvadeothercountries.5．Withthehousessurrounded(surround)，thethiefcouldn'tescapeandwascaughtbythepolicemen.6．Itisevident(evide

nce)thatsmokingisharmfultohealth.7．Idon'tlikethewaythathelaughedatme.8．Westilldonotknowtheexactlocation(locate)ofthecras

h.9．Thiswasnomeanachievement(achieve)forthegovernment.10．Thesetruthscausealotofindividuals(individual)muchpsychicpain.Ⅱ.完成句子1．我借给你的那本书是我弟弟的。T

hebookIlentyoubelongstomybrother．2．尽管并不是每个人都应该参加，但是你能收拾一下和我们一起去野营吗？Eventhoughnoteveryoneshouldjoinin，canyoupac

kandjoinusincamping?3．除了和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛之外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。Aswellasgoingtothemoviesandfootballmatches

withmyfriends，Ispendalotoftimewithmypets.4．作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。Asyoungmen，weshouldlearntostandupwherewefall．5．人们说它是加拿大最美丽的

城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。PeoplesayitisCanada'smostbeautifulcity，surroundedbymountainsandthePacificOcean.2[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ

.阅读理解EveryAugust，Spain'scountrysidecomesalivewithfeasts.Buthardlyanyoneactuallyliveshere.Peoplecomeoneweekayeartopartyint

hevillagesoftheirancestors.Duringtheother51weeks，villagesaredeserted.“Therewasatimewhenthisplacewasgrowing！Butnotanymore.”saysFelixSa

cristan，who's55andunemployed，livinginhislategrandfather'shouse.“Theonlyonesleftaretheelderly.Therearelotsofabandon

edhomes.Itmakesforcheaphousing，”hesays.LikemuchofSpain'scentralMesetaTablePlateau，thislandisdustyandt

heclimateissevere.Peoplesayit'slikeninemonthsofwinterandthreemonthsofburninghell.“Thislandusedtobeforcereals(谷物)，butit'sdifficul

ttogrowanythingelse，”Sacristansays.“Andwhowantstobeafarmerthesedaysnow，anyway？”InnorthernEurope，theIndustrialRevolutionpulled

peopletobigcitiescenturiesago.ButinSpain，thatmigrationhappenedmuchlater.ThefirstwaveoccurredaftertheSpanishCivilWarinthelate1930s；thesecond，af

terSpain'smilitarygoverningendedinthelate1970s.Nowthere'sbeenathirdleaving，duringtherecenteconomiccrisis.Butit'snotjustonSp

ain'sseverecentralland.Evenvillagesinthecountry'smostfertilenorthwestregion，Galicia，arebeingdepopulated．TheGalicianlandscapeoncesupportedSpain'sh

ighestpopulation，andhalfofallSpanishvillagesarelocatedthere.Nownearlyhalfofthesevillagesareabandoned.“SomeoftheplacesI'mfindinghavebe

enemptyfor50or60years，”Adkinson，aBritish­bornrealestate(房地产)agentwhosearchesthecountrysideforabandonedpropertiesandtriestomatchthemupwithforei

gnbuyers，says.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了西班牙农村的变迁，曾经富3饶的土地养活了许多人口，但是经过几次从农村到城市的迁徙，许多土地和房屋已经被荒弃。1．Thetextmainlytel

lsaboutthepresentsituationof．A．thecultureinSpainB．theagingprobleminSpainC．oldbuildingsinSpainD．countrysi

delifeinSpainD[主旨大意题。本篇文章开头就提到西班牙农村的生活状况，第三段还提到农村的三次移民，这都是围绕西班牙农村生活展开的，故选D。]2．WhatisthelandwhereFelixSacristanliveslike?A．Itisasricha

sever.B．Itispollutedbyrubbish.C．Itishardtofarmforaliving.D．Itisfrozenthroughouttheyear.C[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Fel

ixSacristan所说的话“Thislandusedtobeforcereals(谷物)，butit'sdifficulttogrowanythingelse”和“Andwhowantstobeafarmerthesedaysnow，anyway？

”(这块土地过去是被用来种植谷物的，但是现在很难种植其他东西。现在谁还想当农民呢？)可知，现在种庄稼很难谋生。故选C。]3．Theunderlinedpart“beingdepopulated”inPa

ragraph3isclosestinmeaningto“”．A．sufferingdisastersB．gainingattentionC．producingmoreD．reducingresidentsD[词义猜测题。D项

意思是居民减少。从文中第三段后面几句：甚至在该国最肥沃的西北地区——加利西亚„„，西班牙一半的村庄位于那里，它曾经养活着西班牙最多的人口，现在那里将近一半的村庄也被荒弃了。故选D。]4．Whichofthefollowingcanwelearnfromthetext?A．

VillagesgotemptysuddenlyinSpain.B．Somerichpeoplearemovingtocountryside.C．Spanishhaveexperiencedseveralmigrations.4D．Workingasar

ealestateagentinSpainisveryeasy.C[推理判断题。第三段提到三次人口迁徙：第一次发生在二十世纪三十年代末；第二次发生在二十世纪七十年代末；第三次就是现在(最近的经济危机时)。所以答案为C项。]Ⅱ.完形填空TheBritishIslesconsisto

ftwolargeislands.OneiscalledIrelandand1Britain.Britain，orGreatBritain，isthelargeroneofthesetwoislands，anditis2intothreeparts：Scotland，

WalesandEngland.TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles3bytheQueen.ItismadeupofScotland，WalesandEngland，t

hatis，the4ofBritain，andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland，thenorthernpart.The5ofIrelandisself-governing.The6nameoftheUnitedKingdomis7

“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”．Englandis8andricherthanScotland，WalesandNorthernIreland，a

ndhasthemost9oftheUnitedKingdom，sopeopleoftenusethe10“England”and“English”whenthey11“Britain”and“British”．Thissometimesma

kestheScotsandtheWelshalittle12．TheScotsinparticulararevery13oftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshtoodonot14themselve

sasEnglish，andhaveacultureand15alanguageoftheirown.IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801，butforfortyyearsthe“I

rish16”wasthegreatestheadacheoftheUnitedKingdom.17，Irelandwasdividedintotwo：NorthernIrelandstill18totheUnitedKingdom，andin1922therestofIreland19tofou

ndanIrishFreeState，latercalledEireandnowtheRepublicofIreland.TheRepublicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain，andisnotno

wevenasupporteroftheCommonwealthofNations.UnlikethemajorCommonwealthcountries，itdidnotliftafingerto20BritishintheSecondWorldWarandnowwantst

hewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国的地理概况、组成部分及历史渊源等。1．A.theoneB．theother5C．anotherD．otherB[由上文中的“twolargeislands.Oneiscall

edIreland”可知，此处为两个中的另一个，应选B。]2．A.dividedB．cutC．brokenD．separatedA[bedividedinto意为“被分成„„”；cutinto意为“打断，侵犯”；breakinto意为“破门而入”；separate常和fro

m搭配，意为“分离，分开”。]3．A.watchedoutB．takenupC．defendedagainstD．ruledoverD[由该句并结合常识可知，“TheUnitedKingdom”就是“theBr

itishIsles”中被女王统治的那一部分。]4．A.halfB．partC．mostD．wholeD[由第一段最后一句可知，Britain是由Scotland，Wales和England三部分组成，所以说以上三部分就是整个的Britain。]5．A.smallerB．biggerC．r

estD．islandC[爱尔兰分为两部分，北部为英国统治，其他部分自治。]6．A.correctB．trueC．fullD．lastC[此处指英国的全称。fullname“全名”。]7．A.soB．thereforeC．likelyD．perhapsB[由上文可知theUnitedKin

gdom包括Scotland，Wales，England以及NorthernIreland，又因Scotland，Wales和England就是指整个Britain，因此theUnitedKingdom又被称为“TheUnitedKingdo

mofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”。]8．A.meanerB．widerC．poorerD．largerD[England比其他的地方更大(larger)，更富有。]69．A.collegesB．o

fficialsC．citiesD．populationD[只有人口最多，再加上面积最大和人民最富有，才能使人们提起Britain和British这两个词时常用England和English来代替。D项符合语境。]10．A.wordsB．namesC．spellingsD．pronun

ciationsA[参见上题解析。]11．A.sayB．coverC．showD．writeA[表示当人们说Britain和British时，常常用England和English这两个单词来代替。]12．A.angryB．cautiou

sC．enjoyableD．lonelyA[因为Wales和Scotland都属于Britain，所以这样做自然让威尔士人和苏格兰人都有点生气(angry)。]13．A.proudB．tiredC．fondD．carefulA[根据语境可知，此处指尤其是苏格兰人

，他们以自己是不同的民族而自豪。beproudof意为“为„„自豪或骄傲”，符合语境。]14．A.respectB．rankC．electD．regardD[此处表示威尔士人也不把自己看作(regard)

英格兰人。]15．A.everB．evenC．seldomD．neverB[威尔士人有自己的文化，甚至有自己的语言。]16．A.CountryB．QuestionC．DiseaseD．RepublicB[由下文中的“thegreatestheadache”

可推出答案为B。]17．A.FinallyB．HoweverC．MeanwhileD．Instead7A[爱尔兰最终被分为两部分。finally意为“最后”。]18．A.returnsB．belongsC．refersD．ad

dsB[belongto意为“属于”，NorthernIreland仍旧属于theUnitedKingdom。]19．A.turnedawayB．runawayC．brokeawayD．keptawayC[1922

年爱尔兰剩余的部分脱离了出来。词组breakaway表示“脱离”。]20．A.uniteB．rejectC．fightD．helpD[爱尔兰共和国在二战中一点都没有帮助英国人。由“liftafinger”可知此处指帮助(help)。]