【文档说明】高考英语二轮复习试题：专题六第四讲　怎样赚取“级差分”——句式要“活”句子要“鲜”练习 Word版含解析.doc，共(9)页，68.500 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

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第四讲怎样赚取“级差分”——句式要“活”，句子要“鲜”句式单一、缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分。精彩句式的合理使用会使文章极具可读性。考生在写作时应多运用一些高级句式和复合句，并注意句式的灵活多变，让文章读起来抑扬顿挫，让考生深厚的语言功底得以体现，让作文跨上五

档线！[写作技法指导]一、利用复合句式，提升文章档次(一)增加亮点的定语从句1.定语从句的应用可以非常有效地提升表达档次，在写作中如果我们可以把两个简单句合并为一个定语从句，就是从低级到高级的表达。①Besides,Iadviseyoutogoto

thebookstoretoborrowahistorybookandlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance.Itcanhelpyoubetterunderstandthep

oemstobelearned.→Besides,IadviseyoutogotothebookstoretoborrowahistorybookandlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance，whichcanhelpyoub

etterunderstandthepoemstobelearned.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②Youfindsomemistakesinthem.Youcancorrectanymistakes.→Youcancorrectanymi

stakesyoufindinthem.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)③Firstly，peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothings.Theydon’twanttodothings.→Firstly，people

mayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothingsthattheydon’twantto.(2016·江苏卷)2．定语从句有多种形式，引导词也有若干，但最常运用、最能增加亮点的是as和which引导的非限制性定语从句以及

“介词＋which”引导的定语从句。(1)在表达“正如„„”这一含义时，我们常用as引导的非限制性定语从句。常见的句式有：①Asweallknow.../Asisknowntoall...②Ashepointedout...③Aswecanseefrom...④Asthefamoussayingg

oes...Asyouknow,thesceneryalongtheYangtzeRiverisamazing,withmanywell­knownsightseeingspots.(2017·北京卷)(

2)which引导定语从句时，可以指代某个词，也可以指代整个主句。IamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartintheChinesepaper­cuttingartexhibition，whichistobeheldintheartgalleryfrom8：00amt

o5：00pmnextSundayinourcitycenter.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)(3)“介词＋which”引导的定语从句①Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek,duringwhichweintervie

wedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveryaspectofschoollife.(2017·北京卷)②Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtosee

ksupports.(2016·江苏卷)(二)吸引眼球的状语从句在英语写作中，状语从句是经常用到的句型，它的灵活运用使作文更具吸引力。①Severaldayslater,whenthevideowaspl

ayedonthegraduationceremony,itwaswellreceived.(2017·北京卷)②Tobeginwith,thefinalexamofthistermisaroundthecornersoIambusypreparingforit.(2

017·天津卷)③IfyouareinterestedintheChinesefolkart,pleaseemailme.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)④Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetor

eadandselectbooks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)(三)提升档次的名词性从句1.名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。尤其what，that所引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。①WhatIwanttostressisthatIhavealreadybeenav

olunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwillbeheldattheendofAugustinTianJin.(主语从句，表语从句)(2017·天津卷)②Ibelieve(that)thismagazinewillsurelybenefit

us，andIamlookingforwardtoreadingit.(宾语从句)(2017·陕西检测)③Planningisgoodasitdecidesindetailhowwedowhatwewanttodo.(宾语从句)(2016·浙江卷)④It’ssaidthatalarg

enumberofpaper-cutworksbyexpertsthroughoutChinawillbeonshow.(主语从句)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)⑤Whatweneedmostarepopularsciencebooks.(主语从句)(浙江卷)2.在写作中我们如果能够把两个简单句合并为

一个含有名词性从句的复合句，或者把一个简单句扩展成为含有名词性从句的复合句，对写作都是一种质的升华。①Hesaidalotatthemeeting.Hiswordswereveryattractive.→Whathesaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.②Withth

ehelpofHanMeimei,youcanlearnhowtomakeChineseknots.Withoutdoubt.→WiththehelpofHanMeimei,there’snodoubtthatyoucanlearnhowtomakeChineseknots.(

2017·洛阳统考)二、常用8大句式，考场驾轻就熟1．强调句型强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一成分，其构成为：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。在写作中，我们可以通过强调句型将句子提高到一个新

的层次。①Itistheteacher’spraisethatcontributestomysuccess.(2015·湖南卷)②Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosph

ere.(江西卷)③It’snotwhatdifficultieswemeetonceinawhilethatshapedourlives,butwhatattitudeswetaketofacethem

.(安徽卷)2．倒装句在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有：(1)“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。①Onlywhenwearehealthyandenergeticcanwebe

comepreparedforanyhardworkinourschoolworkandgetfruitfulresults.(2017·陕西九校联考)②Onlyinthiswaycanwestudentsstudyhappilyandeffectively.(2015

·湖南卷)③Onlywithjointeffortscanwehelptoconstructanenergy-savingsociety.(2)none，neither，nor，not，never，hardly，little，

seldom等否定词，以及由no构成的否定短语如atnotime，bynomeans等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。①Visitingthisexhibition,notonlywillweenjoythefolka

rtworks,butalsowewilllearnalot.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)②Notonlydoesitaffectourdailylife,butitalsoputspeople’slive

satrisk.(2015·江苏卷)③Notuntiltheriverwasseriouslypolluteddidthelocalgovernmentrealizetheproblem.(3)在so/such...that...结构中，当so/such...位于句首时，其后的句子用

部分倒装。SoexcitedwasIthatIcouldn’twaittotrymyhandatridingit.(福建卷)(4)here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，onthewall，intheroom等表示地点、时间或方位的副

词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。Inthatpicture,aroundthetablewiththreebooksonitsitthreestudents.(2015·上海卷)3．省略句省略句的应用可以使句子更简洁、明快。写作中主要用到

的有状语从句的省略和不定式to后成分的省略。①As(itis)scheduled，weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.(2016·天津卷)②While(wewere)vis

itingtheartexhibition，wediscussedthegreatartists’works.(2016·天津卷)4.虚拟语气写作中虚拟语气的使用可以使表达更委婉，更具可读性。写作中常见的有以下几种：(1)wish型虚拟语气Iwishthatyoucouldgrasp

thisopportunitytolearntraditionalChineseculturefurther.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)(2)ifonly型虚拟语气IfonlyIcouldgobackandresetmygoals.

(2015·重庆卷)(3)(should)do型虚拟语气TomasterMandarin,Istronglysuggestyou(should)practicewithChinesepeople.(2015·四川卷)(4)It’s(h

igh/about)time(that)．..型虚拟语气Itishightimethatbothchildrenandparentstook/shouldtakeactiontomakesmallchanges.(福建卷)5．非谓语动词写作中非谓语动词的应

用标志着写作水平上升了一个档次，写作中常用到的是非谓语动词作状语和定语。(1)非谓语动词作状语①Tomaketheclassgosmoothly,youaresupposedtoknowaboutthehistory

ofTangDynastyinadvance.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②SoI’mwritingyoualetter,hopingtogetyourguideandsuggestions.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)③Ifeelproudknowin

gyourinterestinChinesehistory.(2016·北京卷)④AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsf

oragreenerearth.(2016·北京卷)⑤Facedwithdifficulties,weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.(山东卷)(2)非谓语动词作定语①Iamsureitisworthwhiletolearnthep

oemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseum,locatedinthenorthofourcity

.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)③Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.(2016·北京卷)6．with复合结构with复合结构可以使文章简洁紧凑，一篇文章如果能恰当地使用一两个with复合结构，可以使文章增色不少。①Pa

per­cuttingisatraditionalartforminChinawithahistoryofmorethan1，500years.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)②Inthepicture,wecanseea

boyinwornclothesandhewassittingatashabbywoodentablewithapileofbooksonit.(2015·福建卷)③WithEnglishwordsgettingpopularinbothmediaanddailylife,aChines

edictionaryhasincluded239ofthem.(江苏卷)7.并列句型并列句型是用连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来，在这一句型中要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就近原则”。写作中常用到的有以下几种：(1)while表示对比关系，意为“然而，可是”Itisbenef

icialtosomepeople，whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.(2016·江苏卷)(2)notonly...but(also)．..“不仅„„而且„„”①Bydoingso，Icannotonlysh

aregoodideaswithothersbutalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.(2015·浙江卷)②Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife，butmayal

sothreatenpeople’slives.(2015·江苏卷)(3)not...but...“不是„„，而是„„”①Tobehonest，voterssometimesfeelannoyed，notbecausetheyhatevoting

，butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.(2016·江苏卷)②So，fromnowon，let’snotwasteourtimeonunimportantthings

buthaveaheart-to-heartchatwithourparentsonceinawhile.(重庆卷)8．it句型it的应用可以使句子更平衡，更符合英语习惯。常见的有以下几种：(1)it作形式主语①Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhel

pthoseinneed,butitismoreimportanttobesincereandearnest.(2016·江苏卷)②Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingo

ntherighttrack.(2015·江苏卷)(2)it作形式宾语①IconsideritquiteinterestingtolearnthepoemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②

Soonafter,therearetwoentrancestotheparkingplaces,makingiteasierforustoenteritnow.(北京卷)(3)it在某些固定句式中的应用①Iwouldappreciateitifyoucou

ldreplytomeatyourearliestconvenience.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)②Whenitcomestotheeffect,itwillhelpyoutoenhancethesenseofkeepingfitbuti

tmaycauseyoutobeoverlyanxious.(2015·广东卷)[应用落实体验]A(2017·漳州模拟)假设你是李华，临近高考了，你给初中英语老师MissLi写一封感谢信，内容要点如下：1．感谢她给你的帮助；2.你为高

考做的准备；3.你对大学的展望以及上大学后的打算。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMissLi，Longtimenosee.Thankyouforyourkindhelpwithmystudy.Timeflies

，IamSeniorThreenow._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua[考生作文]Dear__Miss__Li，Long__time__no__see.Thank__you_

_for__your__kind__help__with__my__study.Time__flies，I__am__Senior__Three__now.BecauseIamdevotedtomystudyeveryday，Ihavelearn

edmuchknowledge.ItwilldefinitelypromisemeagoodperformanceinmyCollegeEntranceExamination.IhopethatIcanbeadmittedin

tomydreamuniversity，onewithgoodequipmentandlearnedprofessors，whocanoffermeguidancewhenIamindifficulty.Ofcourse，therewillbeexamsincollegetoch

eckmystudy.Iwon’tburymyselfinbooksthewholeday.Instead，I’llbeactiveandjoinmanyassociationswhereIcandevelopmysoc

ialskillsandmypotential.IfirmlybelievethatIcanmakemycollegelifemorecolorfulonlywhenIhaveacommonground.Yours，Li__Hua[我来提升]将文中加黑句式升级1．D

evoted__to__my__study__every__day，I__have__learned__much__knowledge，which__will__definitely__promise__me__a__good__performance__in__my__College__E

ntrance__Examination.(用过去分词作状语和非限制性定语从句合并句子)2．I__firmly__believe__that__only__when__I__have__a__commo

n__ground__can__I__make__my__college__life__more__colorful.(用onlywhen引起的倒装句改写)[积累练习]将下列句子按要求进行升级1．I’vealwayslongedforthedays.Iwi

llbeabletobeindependentthen.→I’ve__always__longed__for__the__days__when__I__will__be__able__to__be__independent.(用定语从句合并句子)2．Thisismydecision.Allofu

saretostartat6o’clocktomorrowmorning.→My__decision__is__that__all__of__us__are__to__start__at__6__o’clock__tomorro

w__morning.(用表语从句合并句子)3．Weallknowthatourfriendswilllendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelp.→As__we__all__know,__our__friends__will__lend__us__a__he

lping__hand__when__we__need__help.(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)→What__we__all__know__is__that__our__friends__will__lend__u

s__a__helping__hand__when__we__need__help.(用主语从句改写句子)B(2017·大连八中、二十四中联合模拟)近年来，雾霾多次发生，引起人们对空气质量的广泛关注。假如你是校学生会主

席李华，请根据下面的写作要点，写一篇英语倡议书。1.陈述雾霾的危害；2．分析雾霾的原因；3．提出几点倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：雾霾smogDearfellowstudents，Thesmogtheseda

yshascausedwidespreadconcernaboutairquality.__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________Let’stakeimmediateactiontofightagainstsmog.Yours，LiHua[考生作文]Dear__fellow__students，The__smo

g__these__days__has__caused__widespread__concern__about__air__quality.Therearemoretrafficaccidentsandmorepeop

learesufferingfrombreathingproblemsbecauseofsmog.TherearesomereasonsforsmoginChina.Firstofall，toomanycarsgiv

eoffwastegasinthestreet.Secondly，alotoffossilfuellikecoal，petrolandnaturalgasisconsumedinfactories，whichproducestoomu

chcarbondioxide.Itistimeforustofightagainstsmog.Wehadbetterwalkorridetoschooltoreducetheconsumptionoffossi

lfuel.Weshouldplantmoretreestoabsorbpoisonousgasintheair.Itcanhelpimprovetheairqualitytopersuadepeoplearoun

dustogiveupsmoking.Let’s__take__immediate__action__to__fight__against__smog.Yours，Li__Hua[我来提升]将文中加黑句式升级1．It’s__hi

gh__time__that__we__fought/should__fight__against__smog.(用“It’shightimethat...”句型改写句子)2．More__trees__should__be

__planted__to__absorb__poisonous__gas__in__the__air，and__people__around__us__should__be__persuaded__to__gi

ve__up__smoking，both__of__which__can__help__improve__the__air__quality.(用被动语态和定语从句合并句子)[积累练习]将下列句子按要求进行升级1．Theteacher’

swordstouchedus.Wedecidedtoworkhard.→Touched__by__the__teacher’s__words,__we__decided__to__work__hard.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)2．Sinceyouha

verealizedthatyourtimeislimited,you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.→Having__realized__that__your__time_

_is__limited,__you’ll__have__to__study__for__your__goals__without__anger__or__hesitation.(用现在分词的完成式作状语改写句子)3．Asthesocietydevelopsrapidly，i

t’snecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishandcomputer.→With__the__society__developing__rapidly,__it’s__necess

ary__for__us__to__have__a__good__knowledge__of__English__and__computer.(用with的复合结构改写句子)