【文档说明】高考英语二轮复习试题：专题六第四讲　怎样赚取“级差分”——句式要“活”句子要“鲜”练习 Word版含解析.doc，共(9)页，68.500 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

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第四讲怎样赚取“级差分”——句式要“活”，句子要“鲜”句式单一、缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分。精彩句式的合理使用会使文章极具可读性。考生在写作时应多运用一些高级句式和复合句，并注意句式的灵活多变，让文章读起来抑扬顿挫，让考生深厚的语言功底得以体现，让作文

跨上五档线！[写作技法指导]一、利用复合句式，提升文章档次(一)增加亮点的定语从句1.定语从句的应用可以非常有效地提升表达档次，在写作中如果我们可以把两个简单句合并为一个定语从句，就是从低级到高级的表达。①Besides,Iadviseyou

togotothebookstoretoborrowahistorybookandlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance.Itcanhelpyoubetterunderstandthepoemstobelearned.→Besides,I

adviseyoutogotothebookstoretoborrowahistorybookandlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance，whichcanhelpyoubetterunderstandthepoemstob

elearned.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②Youfindsomemistakesinthem.Youcancorrectanymistakes.→Youcancorrectanymistakesyoufindinthem.(201

6·全国卷Ⅰ)③Firstly，peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothings.Theydon’twanttodothings.→Firstly，peoplemayfeelforcedwhenasked

todothingsthattheydon’twantto.(2016·江苏卷)2．定语从句有多种形式，引导词也有若干，但最常运用、最能增加亮点的是as和which引导的非限制性定语从句以及“介词＋which”引导的定语从句。(1)在表达“正如„„”这一含义时，我们常用

as引导的非限制性定语从句。常见的句式有：①Asweallknow.../Asisknowntoall...②Ashepointedout...③Aswecanseefrom...④Asthefamoussayinggoes...Asyouknow,thesceneryalongt

heYangtzeRiverisamazing,withmanywell­knownsightseeingspots.(2017·北京卷)(2)which引导定语从句时，可以指代某个词，也可以指代整个主句。Iamwritingtoinviteyoutota

kepartintheChinesepaper­cuttingartexhibition，whichistobeheldintheartgalleryfrom8：00amto5：00pmnextSundayinourcitycenter.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)(3)“介词＋which”引导的定

语从句①Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek,duringwhichweinterviewedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveryaspectofschoollif

e.(2017·北京卷)②Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupports.(2016·江苏卷)(二)吸引眼球的状语从句在英语写作中，状

语从句是经常用到的句型，它的灵活运用使作文更具吸引力。①Severaldayslater,whenthevideowasplayedonthegraduationceremony,itwaswellreceived.(2017·北京卷)②Tobeginw

ith,thefinalexamofthistermisaroundthecornersoIambusypreparingforit.(2017·天津卷)③IfyouareinterestedintheChinesefolkart,pleaseem

ailme.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)④Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)(三)提升档次的名词性从句1.名词性从句包括主

语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。尤其what，that所引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。①WhatIwanttostressisthatIhavealreadybeenavolunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwill

beheldattheendofAugustinTianJin.(主语从句，表语从句)(2017·天津卷)②Ibelieve(that)thismagazinewillsurelybenefitus，and

Iamlookingforwardtoreadingit.(宾语从句)(2017·陕西检测)③Planningisgoodasitdecidesindetailhowwedowhatwewanttodo

.(宾语从句)(2016·浙江卷)④It’ssaidthatalargenumberofpaper-cutworksbyexpertsthroughoutChinawillbeonshow.(主语从句)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)

⑤Whatweneedmostarepopularsciencebooks.(主语从句)(浙江卷)2.在写作中我们如果能够把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句，或者把一个简单句扩展成为含有名词性从句的复合句，对写作都是一种质的升华。①Hesai

dalotatthemeeting.Hiswordswereveryattractive.→Whathesaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.②WiththehelpofHanMeimei,youcanlearnhowtomakeChineseknots.Wit

houtdoubt.→WiththehelpofHanMeimei,there’snodoubtthatyoucanlearnhowtomakeChineseknots.(2017·洛阳统考)二、常用8大句式，考场驾轻就熟1．强调句型强调句型的使用是为了突

出强调句子的某一成分，其构成为：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。在写作中，我们可以通过强调句型将句子提高到一个新的层次。①Itistheteacher’spraisethatcontribut

estomysuccess.(2015·湖南卷)②Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.(江西卷)③It’snotwh

atdifficultieswemeetonceinawhilethatshapedourlives,butwhatattitudeswetaketofacethem.(安徽卷)2．倒装句在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒

装和全部倒装。常见的有：(1)“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。①Onlywhenwearehealthyandenergeticcanwebecomepreparedforanyhardworkinourschoolworkandgetfruitfulresults.(2

017·陕西九校联考)②Onlyinthiswaycanwestudentsstudyhappilyandeffectively.(2015·湖南卷)③Onlywithjointeffortscanwehelptoconstructanenergy-savingsoci

ety.(2)none，neither，nor，not，never，hardly，little，seldom等否定词，以及由no构成的否定短语如atnotime，bynomeans等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。①Visitingthisexhibition,notonly

willweenjoythefolkartworks,butalsowewilllearnalot.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)②Notonlydoesitaffectourdailylife,butitalsoputspeople’slivesatrisk.(2015·江苏卷)

③Notuntiltheriverwasseriouslypolluteddidthelocalgovernmentrealizetheproblem.(3)在so/such...that...结构中，当so/such...位于句

首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。SoexcitedwasIthatIcouldn’twaittotrymyhandatridingit.(福建卷)(4)here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，onthewall，intheroom等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于

句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。Inthatpicture,aroundthetablewiththreebooksonitsitthreestudents.(2015·上海卷)3．省略句省

略句的应用可以使句子更简洁、明快。写作中主要用到的有状语从句的省略和不定式to后成分的省略。①As(itis)scheduled，weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.(2016·天津卷)②While(we

were)visitingtheartexhibition，wediscussedthegreatartists’works.(2016·天津卷)4.虚拟语气写作中虚拟语气的使用可以使表达更委婉，更具可读性。写作中常见的有以下几

种：(1)wish型虚拟语气IwishthatyoucouldgraspthisopportunitytolearntraditionalChineseculturefurther.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)(2)ifonly型虚拟语气IfonlyIcouldgobackandresetmygoal

s.(2015·重庆卷)(3)(should)do型虚拟语气TomasterMandarin,Istronglysuggestyou(should)practicewithChinesepeople.(2015·四川卷)(4)It’s(high/about)ti

me(that)．..型虚拟语气Itishightimethatbothchildrenandparentstook/shouldtakeactiontomakesmallchanges.(福建卷)5．非谓语动词写作中非谓语动词的应用标志着写作水平上升了一个档次，写作中常用到的是非谓语动词作状

语和定语。(1)非谓语动词作状语①Tomaketheclassgosmoothly,youaresupposedtoknowaboutthehistoryofTangDynastyinadvance.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②SoI

’mwritingyoualetter,hopingtogetyourguideandsuggestions.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)③IfeelproudknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.(2016·

北京卷)④AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.(201

6·北京卷)⑤Facedwithdifficulties,weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.(山东卷)(2)非谓语动词作定语①Iamsureitisworthwhiletolearnthepoemswrittenint

heTangDynastywithyou.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseum,locatedinthenorthofourcity.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)③Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomak

ebetteruseofusedmaterials.(2016·北京卷)6．with复合结构with复合结构可以使文章简洁紧凑，一篇文章如果能恰当地使用一两个with复合结构，可以使文章增色不少。①Paper­cuttingisatrad

itionalartforminChinawithahistoryofmorethan1，500years.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)②Inthepicture,wecanseeaboyinwornclothesandhewassittingatash

abbywoodentablewithapileofbooksonit.(2015·福建卷)③WithEnglishwordsgettingpopularinbothmediaanddailylife,aChinesedictionaryhasi

ncluded239ofthem.(江苏卷)7.并列句型并列句型是用连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来，在这一句型中要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就近原则”。写作中常用到的有以下几种：(1)while表示对比关系，意为“然而，可是”Itisbeneficialto

somepeople，whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.(2016·江苏卷)(2)notonly...but(also)．..“不仅„„而且„„”①Bydoingso，Icann

otonlysharegoodideaswithothersbutalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.(2015·浙江卷)②Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife，butmayalsothreatenpeople

’slives.(2015·江苏卷)(3)not...but...“不是„„，而是„„”①Tobehonest，voterssometimesfeelannoyed，notbecausetheyhatevoti

ng，butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.(2016·江苏卷)②So，fromnowon，let’snotwasteourtimeonunimportantthingsbuthaveaheart-

to-heartchatwithourparentsonceinawhile.(重庆卷)8．it句型it的应用可以使句子更平衡，更符合英语习惯。常见的有以下几种：(1)it作形式主语①Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhelpthoseinneed,butitismorei

mportanttobesincereandearnest.(2016·江苏卷)②Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgo

ingontherighttrack.(2015·江苏卷)(2)it作形式宾语①IconsideritquiteinterestingtolearnthepoemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②Soona

fter,therearetwoentrancestotheparkingplaces,makingiteasierforustoenteritnow.(北京卷)(3)it在某些固定句式中的应用①Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplytome

atyourearliestconvenience.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)②Whenitcomestotheeffect,itwillhelpyoutoenhancethesenseofkeepingf

itbutitmaycauseyoutobeoverlyanxious.(2015·广东卷)[应用落实体验]A(2017·漳州模拟)假设你是李华，临近高考了，你给初中英语老师MissLi写一封感谢信，内容要点如下：1．感谢她给你的帮助；2.你为高考做

的准备；3.你对大学的展望以及上大学后的打算。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMissLi，Longtimenosee.Thankyoufo

ryourkindhelpwithmystudy.Timeflies，IamSeniorThreenow._________________________________________________________________________

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___Yours，LiHua[考生作文]Dear__Miss__Li，Long__time__no__see.Thank__you__for__your__kind__help__with__my__s

tudy.Time__flies，I__am__Senior__Three__now.BecauseIamdevotedtomystudyeveryday，Ihavelearnedmuchknowledge.Itwilldefini

telypromisemeagoodperformanceinmyCollegeEntranceExamination.IhopethatIcanbeadmittedintomydreamuniversity，onewithgoodequipment

andlearnedprofessors，whocanoffermeguidancewhenIamindifficulty.Ofcourse，therewillbeexamsincollegetochec

kmystudy.Iwon’tburymyselfinbooksthewholeday.Instead，I’llbeactiveandjoinmanyassociationswhereIcandevelopmysocialskillsand

mypotential.IfirmlybelievethatIcanmakemycollegelifemorecolorfulonlywhenIhaveacommonground.Yours，Li__Hua[我来提升]将文中加黑

句式升级1．Devoted__to__my__study__every__day，I__have__learned__much__knowledge，which__will__definitely__promise__me__a__good__performance__in__my__Co

llege__Entrance__Examination.(用过去分词作状语和非限制性定语从句合并句子)2．I__firmly__believe__that__only__when__I__have__a__common__ground__can__I

__make__my__college__life__more__colorful.(用onlywhen引起的倒装句改写)[积累练习]将下列句子按要求进行升级1．I’vealwayslongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobeindepe

ndentthen.→I’ve__always__longed__for__the__days__when__I__will__be__able__to__be__independent.(用定语从句合并句子)2．Thisismydecision.Allofusaretostartat6

o’clocktomorrowmorning.→My__decision__is__that__all__of__us__are__to__start__at__6__o’clock__tomorrow__morning.(用表语从句合并句子)3．Weallknowtha

tourfriendswilllendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelp.→As__we__all__know,__our__friends__will__lend__us__a__helping__han

d__when__we__need__help.(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)→What__we__all__know__is__that__our__friends__will__lend

__us__a__helping__hand__when__we__need__help.(用主语从句改写句子)B(2017·大连八中、二十四中联合模拟)近年来，雾霾多次发生，引起人们对空气质量的广泛关注。

假如你是校学生会主席李华，请根据下面的写作要点，写一篇英语倡议书。1.陈述雾霾的危害；2．分析雾霾的原因；3．提出几点倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：雾霾smo

gDearfellowstudents，Thesmogthesedayshascausedwidespreadconcernaboutairquality.___________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________________Let’stakeimmediateactiontofightagainstsmog

.Yours，LiHua[考生作文]Dear__fellow__students，The__smog__these__days__has__caused__widespread__concern__about__air__quality

.Therearemoretrafficaccidentsandmorepeoplearesufferingfrombreathingproblemsbecauseofsmog.Therearesomerea

sonsforsmoginChina.Firstofall，toomanycarsgiveoffwastegasinthestreet.Secondly，alotoffossilfuellikecoal，petrolandnatural

gasisconsumedinfactories，whichproducestoomuchcarbondioxide.Itistimeforustofightagainstsmog.Wehadbetterwalkorridetoschoolto

reducetheconsumptionoffossilfuel.Weshouldplantmoretreestoabsorbpoisonousgasintheair.Itcanhelpimprovetheairqualitytopersuadepeoplearoundust

ogiveupsmoking.Let’s__take__immediate__action__to__fight__against__smog.Yours，Li__Hua[我来提升]将文中加黑句式升级

1．It’s__high__time__that__we__fought/should__fight__against__smog.(用“It’shightimethat...”句型改写句子)2．More__trees__should__be__pl

anted__to__absorb__poisonous__gas__in__the__air，and__people__around__us__should__be__persuaded__to__give__up__smoking，both__of__which__can__

help__improve__the__air__quality.(用被动语态和定语从句合并句子)[积累练习]将下列句子按要求进行升级1．Theteacher’swordstouchedus.Wedecidedtoworkhard.→Touched__by__the__teacher’s__wor

ds,__we__decided__to__work__hard.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)2．Sinceyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited,you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangero

rhesitation.→Having__realized__that__your__time__is__limited,__you’ll__have__to__study__for__your__g

oals__without__anger__or__hesitation.(用现在分词的完成式作状语改写句子)3．Asthesocietydevelopsrapidly，it’snecessaryforustohaveagoo

dknowledgeofEnglishandcomputer.→With__the__society__developing__rapidly,__it’s__necessary__for__us__to__have__a__good__knowledge__of__Engli

sh__and__computer.(用with的复合结构改写句子)