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高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题八:动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态(tense)是一种动词形式,同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态,英语中有16种时态。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考
试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项:(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时;此外还列了被动语态,并将其作为单
独一项。2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题(语法填空)考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived;第71题(短文改错)考查了think变为过去时thought;第75题(短文改错)考查了被动语态,删掉been;第79题(短文改错)考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在
时的find。2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题(语法填空)考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态wasallowed;第74题(短文改错)考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have;77题(短文改错)考查了将using变为被动used。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题(语法填空)考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态areremoved;第74题(短文改错)考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。各种时态构成表:(以do为例)一、一般现在时:动词原形或第
三人称单数1.构成:使用动词原形,第三人称单数须有变化。(1)直接加“s”:work→works,take→takes(2)以辅音加“y”结尾,变“y”为“i”,再加“es”:carry→carries(3)以“o,s,x,ch,sh”结
尾的动词加“es”:go→goes,dress→dresses,watch→watches,finish→finishes2.功能:(1)表现在的事实、状态或动作。例如:①Ihaveadream.②Shelovesmusi
c.③Mary'sparentsgetupveryearly.(2)表习惯性动作或职业,常与often,sometimes,usually,always,everyweek,occasionally,frequently,seldom等时间副词连用。例如:①Ialwaystakeawalka
ftersupper.②Shewritestomeveryoften.③SheisanEnglishteacher.(3)表客观真理,格言警句或事实。例如:一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在do/doesis/am/aredoinghas/havedonehas/have
beendoing过去didwas/weredoinghaddonehadbeendoing将来shall/willdoshall/willbedoingshall/willhavedoneshall/willhavebeendoing过去将来woulddowou
ldbedoingwouldhavedonewouldhavebeendoing①Theearthmovesaroundthesun.②Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.③Twoandtwomakesfour.④Nomanbuter
rs.(4)表示将来发生的动作:A.在由when,after,before,as,assoonas,although,because,if,evenif,incase,till,until,unless,aslongas,where,whatever,wherever等引导的状语从句中用
一般现在时表将来发生的动作。例如:①I'lltellherwhenshecomestomorrow.②Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'llmeetyou.③Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-heade
d.④I'llberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.B.按时间表将要发生的动作或事件,用一般现在时表达将来时概念。例如:①Theplaybeginsat6:30thisev
ening.②Whendoestheplanetakeoff?③Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.④Accordingtothetimetable,thetrainstartsat9o’clock.二.一般过去时:动词
的过去式1.表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。例如:①Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.②IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.③Chinawasfounde
din1949.2.在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。例如:①Shetoldmeshewould’tgowithusifitrainedthenextday.②Theywouldnotleaveunti
lshecameback.③Hisgirlfriendpromisedtomarryhimonceheboughtherabighouse.三.一般将来时:shall/will+动词原形1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:①He
willgraduatefromthecollegenextyear.②Weshallfinishourworkasquicklyaspossible.2.将来时的其它结构。例如:I.is/am/aregoingtod
osth.(美国口语中常读作begonna)①I'mgoingtobuyanewcarthisfall.②Heisgoingtosellhishouse.注意:begoingto与will的对比:下列情况须用will①Iwillbesixteenyearsoldnextyear.②Itwillb
ethe20thofAugusttomorrow.③Whenhecomes,Iwillgivehimyourmessage.II.is/am/are+todosth.表示计划安排做某事或征求意见。例如:①AmItotakeoverhiswork?②Wearetomeetatthegate.III.
is/am/areabouttodosth.即将做某事。例如:①Thetalkisabouttobegin.四.一般过去将来时:would+动词原形1.表示过去某时之后将出现的情况,通常用于宾语从句中。例如:①Hesaidthattheywouldmeetmeat
thestation.②Shetoldmethatshewouldcometoseeme.2.表示过去习惯性动作(不管什么人称都用would)。例如:①Wheneverhehadtime,Tomwouldgotoseehisgrandma.②Theoldcouplewouldgoforawalk
aftersupper.注意句型:was/wereabouttodosth.when……正要做某事,这时……=was/wereonthepointofdoingsth.when……(when引导的从句要用一般过去时)例如:①Hewasab
outtogooutwhenthetelephonerang.②Iwasabouttogoshoppingwhenitrained.③Shewasonthepointofhavingsupperwhenthelightwent
off.五.现在进行时:is/am/are+现在分词1.表示现在正在进行的动作。例如:①Thewaterisboiling.ShallImaketea?②Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.2.表现阶段正进行的动作。例
如:①Heistakingphysicsthissemester.②Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.③Don'tyouthinkyoueattoom
uch?You'reputtingonweight.3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动
作。例如:①Look!Thebusiscoming.②Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.③AliceisleavingforShanghaiwithhermother.4
.与always,forever,continually,constantly等副词连用,表示说话人带有感情色彩:赞赏或厌恶。例如:①Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.②Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.③T
heteacherisconstantlycriticizingherforbeinglate.六.过去进行时:was/were+现在分词1.表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。例如:①Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.②WhenIarrived,th
eywerewatchingTV.③Theyweredoinghouseworkthistimelastweek.2.用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。例如:①Shetoldmetowakehimupifshewassleeping.②Iask
edmyfriendtowarnmeaboutitaslongasIwasdrivingtoofast.3.过去某时将发生的事。例如:①TheytoldmethattheywereleavingforNewYork.②HewasgoingoutwhenIarrived.七.将来进行
时:shall/willbe+现在分词1.表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。例如:①Whatwillyoubedoingthistimetomorrow?②Iwillbehavingdinnerthistime
tomorrow.2.用将来进行时询问别人的计划、打算比用一般将来时更显礼貌。例如:①Willyoubehavingsupperwithusthisevening?②Willyoubecomingtoseeustomorrow?3.将来进行时表示对即将发生的动作的推测。例如:
①ShewillbearrivingatShanghaitomorrowmorning.②Thecarwillbegoingatthespeedof100milesanhour.八.现在完成时:have/has+过去分词1.表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生
的结果。常与yet,just,before,recently,lately,ever,never等表时间的副词搭配使用。例如:①Hehasn'tseenherlately.②Ihaven'tfinishedthebookyet.2.表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作,常
与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如:sofar(迄今为止),uptillnow(直到现在),foralongtime(很长时间),,inthepast/inthelastfewyears(在过去的几年里),thesedays(
这些日子)。例如:①Hehasworkedherefor15years.②IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.③TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime.④Sofar,Ihaven't
receivedasingleletterfrommybrother.3.某些非延续性动词(即:动作开始便终止的动词),在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。I.常见的非延续动词:die,arrive,join,leave,go,refuse,fail,fi
nish,buy,marry,divorce,awake,buy,borrow,lend等。II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时,而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。III.但若是用在否定句中,非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:①Shehasgoneawayf
oramonth.(误)②Shehasbeenawayforamonth(正)①Themanhasdiedfortwoyears.(误)②Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.(正)①Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?(误)②Howlonghave
youhadthebook.(正)4.几组对比:①HehasgonetoShanghai.他去上海了。②HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。①Shehasgone.她已走了。②Shei
sgone.她缺席了。(or她死了。)①Thedoorhasbeenclosed.门关上了。(动作)②Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。(状态)九.过去完成时:had+过去分词1.表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生或完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。例如:
①TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.②TheplayhadbegunbeforeIgottothetheaterwithmyboyfriend.2.过去完成时常用于hardly/scarcely...when,noso
oner...than(“一……就”)等固定句型结构中。例如:①Shehadhardly/scarcelygonetobedwhenthebellrang.=Hardly/Scarcelyhadshegonetobe
dwhenthebellrang.②Hehadnosoonerarrivedattherailwaystationthanhemetherparents.=Nosoonerhadhearrivedattherailwaysta
tionthanhemetherparents.注意:hardly/scarcely/nosooner在句首时要用部分倒装。3.intend(打算),mean(打算),plan(计划)hope(希望),want(想要)等动词的过去完成时用来表示“本打算/本
计划/本希望/本想要做而没有”做的事。例如:①Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.②Theyhadplannedtoholdafootballm
atchlastweek,buttheyhadtocancelitbecauseofthebadweather.十.将来完成时:shall/willhave+过去分词。表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。例如:①Theywillhavebeenherefor5yearsnex
tFriday.②Bytheendofthismonth,hewillhavefinishedthebook.十一.现在完成进行时:have/has+been+现在分词1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,
并且还将持续下去。例如:①Ihavebeenwaitingforanhourbutshehasn'tcome.②Hehasbeenrunningafterherfor8years.③IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincesixy
earsago.2.表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,例如:①Shehasbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.3.表某种感情色彩。例如:①I'vebeenwantingtoseeyouforsomanyyears.②Who'
sbeentellingyousuchnonsense.现在完成时与现在完成进行时对比:现在完成时强调“结果”,而现在完成进行时强调“动作的延续”。例如:①Ihavethoughtofit.(我已想到了这一点。)②Ihavebeenthinkingofit.(我一直在
想这一点。)①Jimhaspaintedthedoor.(杰姆已将门油漆过了。)②Jimhasbeenpaintingthedoor.(杰姆一直在油漆门。)注意:表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。例如,我们可以说:I
haveknownhimforyears.但是不能说:Ihavebeenknowinghimforyears.这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love,like,hate等等。十二.过去完成进行时:h
adbeen+现在分词表示过去某个时间之前一直在进行的动作。例如:①ShesaidthatshehadbeentypingapaperbeforeIcamein.②Ihadbeenwaitingforhimbeforehearrived.十三.
过去将来进行时:wouldbe+现在分词表示从过去某时看将来某个时侯正在进行的动作。例如:①HeaskedmewhatIwouldbedoingwhenhecamethenextday.②Hesaidthathewouldbereadi
ngthebookallmorningtomorrow.十四.过去将来完成时:wouldhave+过去分词表示从过去某个时间看将来某时之前动作已经完成。例如:①Hesaidthattheywouldhavearrivedbyseve
no'clock.②Ithoughtshewouldhavetoldyousomethingbythen.十五.将来完成进行时:shall/willhavebeen+现在分词表示某一动作从某时间开始一直延续到
将来某一时间,是否继续下去由上下文决定。例如:①Bytheendofnextyear,wewillhavebeendoingbusinesswitheachotherfor20years.②Weshallh
avebeenstayinghereforfourweekswhenTomarrives.③Itwillhavebeenrainingforaweekifitdoesnotstoptomorrow.十六.过去将来完成进行时:wouldhavebeen+现
在分词表示从过去的某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来的某一时间。动作是否继续进行,由上下文决定。例如:①HesaidthatbytheendofthespringtermhewouldhavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears.②Shetoldmethatshe
wouldhavebeenteachinginthatuniversityfor10yearsbythatsummer.被动语态一.被动语态的构成:被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词本身没有意义,但有人称、单复数以及时态的变化。(不及物动词没有被动
语态)常见各种时态对应的被动语态:(以do为例)一般时态完成时态进行时态完成进行时态现在is/am/aredonehas/havebeendoneis/am/arebeingdone无过去was/weredonehadbeendonewas/werebeingdone无将来shall/willbe
doneshall/willhavebeendone无无过去将来wouldbedonewouldhavebeendone无无二.含有情态动词的被动语态:由情态动词must/can/could/may/might/should/would+bedone构成。例如:①Thetas
kmustbefinishedbeforethisweekend.②Heshouldbepunishedbecausehetoldlies.③Thebookmaybetakenawaybysomeone.三.被动语态的用法:1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或没
有必要指明谁是动作的执行者,被动语态中的介词短语bysb.通常省略。例如:①Thestreetsareswepteveryday.②Hiscarhasbeenstolen.③Riceisgrownin
manycountries.④Thiskindofadvertisementcanbeseeneverywhere.2.带双宾语的及物动词变成被动语态有两种变法,指人的间接宾语用作被动语态的主语更常见。例如:①Hegaveh
erabeautifulgiftyesterday.→Abeautifulgiftwasgiventoher(byhim).或者→Shewasgivenabeautifulgift(byhim).3.get+过去分词表被动,表示一种
结果或状态。常见结构有:getkilled/cheated/burnt/wounded/paid/hurt/lost/married/caught.例如:①Hegotkilledinthetrafficaccidentla
stweek.②Don’tgetcheatedbyherbeauty.③Hegotcaughtbythepolicebecauseheexceededthespeedlimit.4.havesthdone以及getsthdone(主要用于口语中)常常表示安排别人把事情做好或谈论意外的、不
好的事情。例如:①Ineedtohavemyhaircut.②Yourwatchisbroken,you’dbettergetitrepaired.③Ifyoudon’tgetoutofmyhouse,Iwillhaveyouarrested.④Wehadourmoneystol
enwhenwewereonholiday.⑤Joehadhislegbrokeninafight.5.havesthtobedone表示主动提出请求帮助别人做某事。例如:①Iamgoingshopping,doyouhaveanythingtobebought?②Iinten
dtospendmyholidayinourhometown,doyouhaveanythingtobetakentoyourparents?③Doyouhaveanythingtobetyped,sir?四.主动形式表被动意义:1.look,fe
el,taste,sound,smell,appear,seem,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,keep,grow等系动词+形容词或名词构成系表结构。例如:①Theicefeelscold.②Hisplanprovedpractical
.2.表示开始、结果、运动的动词,如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。例如:①Workbeganat7'clockthismorning.
②Theshopclosesat6p.meveryday.3.形容词easy,hard,fit,nice,dangerous,difficult等后面接动词不定式,且不定式和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例如
:①Thiskindofwaterisfittodrink.②Thetextiseasytounderstand.4.某些动词如read,write,sell,wash,clean,lock,open,dry等在表示主语的某种性质时,常用主动表被动。例如:①T
heclotheswasheswell.②Yourpenwritessmoothly.5.其他的主动表被动的情况。例如:①Thebookisworthreading.②Mybikeneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.=Mybikenee
ds/wants/requirestoberepaired.③Whoistoblame?高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·时态与语态考点规律分析:动词时态考点主要涉及一般现在时与一般过去的区别,其命题方式通常是在一个一般现在时的
背景下误用某个一般过去时;或者反过来,在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某个一般现在时。从所涉及的动词来看,主要涉及be和have两个常用动词。有时也涉及其他时态,如一般将来时,现在完成时等,但很少见。语法填空主要涉及动词的时态及语态的变化。时态语态单句改错之真题
训练:1.Weweredrivingalonganarrowroadwhenthecarstop…2.…andhadreturnedtothecar!Billisstandingatthesideofthecar.3.Twomonthsagoth
eywerebackinAmerica.LastSunday,policecarshurrytothe…4.Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.5.Also,scientistsanddoctorshadlea
rnedhowtodealwithmanydiseases.6.Anyonemayborrowbooks,anditcostnothingtoborrowthem.7.Ifthebookyouwillwantisout,youmayaskfor
ittobecalledbackforyou.8.Ihadalwayswantedtoreturntothevillageaftermovingawayanditisreallygreattoseemostofmyoldfriendsagain.9.Theyofferedme
coffeeandotherdrinks.Wehaveagoodtimetalkingandlaughingtogether.10.IlearnaboutyoufrommyEnglishteacher,MissFang.11.Myfa
vouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourschoolfootballteam.12.Iamhappywithanyprogrammebuttheothersspentalotoftimearguingandtherewasnowayofsettlingthe
matterexceptbysellingtheset.13.I’dlikeverymuchtocomebutIhadanexaminationonMondaymorning.Itisavery…14.Irememberedherwo
rdsandcalmdown.15.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimeto…16.Hesaidheisbusy.17.OnthewayupIwa
sbusytakingpicturessincethescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.18.Buthisparentsthinkgoingtocollegeismor
eimportantthanplayingsportsandcollegewastheonlyplaceforasmartboylikehisson.19.AtonceIapologizeandcontrolledmyselfatmybesttillthedinnerstarte
d.20.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass,butafterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.21.Shestoppedtolookoutofth
ewindowandfindacloudofsmokecomingoutofherneighbor’shouse.22.Wewerelivinginabigfamily.Wetreateachotherasbrothersandsisters.23.Iamalwaysyoungw
henIwasstayingwiththem.24.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.
25(2017·全国Ⅰ,73)....butonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.时态语态单句改错之模拟训练:1.JustnowJimtellsmehismotherwasill.2.Iphonetheotherstudentsamomentago.3.W
eoftenplayedtogetherwhenwearechildren.4.WhatareyoudoingwhenIcalledyou?5.Iseeyouinthepark.Youweretalkingtoaprettygirl.6.Shedoesn’thearthedoorbell
,forshewaswatchingTV.7.We’llstayathomeplayingcardsifitwillraintomorrow.8.Pleaseletmeknowifyouwillhaveanytrouble.9.Hehurthisbackwhenheisplayingfootba
llwithhisclassmates.10.I’llwritetohimwhenIfinishedthebook.11.Charlesworkedhardsinceleavingschool.12.Infact,IamverythinwhenIwasyoung.13.He’sk
indtome.Thoughheisverybusy,hestillcametoseeme.14.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Howdidyoulikeourcity?15.Asisknowntousall,theearthturnedaroundthesun.16.I’m
interestedinEnglish,soIspokeitbetterthantheothersdo.17.Don’tworryaboutit.IpromiseyouIcometohelpyou.18.Noweve
rythingisdear.Evenasmallpieceofbreadcostoneyuan.19.Remembertoturnoffthelightsbeforeyouwillleave.20.Iforg
ettotellhimthenews.Shallwetelephonehimnow?时态语态单句改错之提升训练:1.Hesaidthathewillseeyouoffattheairportthenextday.2.Whenhewillcomeback,I’l
lletyouknow.3.Hesaidthathehashadthebikefortwoyears.4.IworkonafarminNorthChinainthe1970s.5.Anewbridgewasbeingb
uiltinourcityatpresent.6.IfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIleftschool.7.IfeelregretfulnowthatIdon’tstudyhardwhenIwasinmyhighschool.8.IfIamyou,Iwoulddoit.9
.Shebuysabikeyesterday.10.Icomehereintwodays.11.Idon’tthinkwemetbefore.12.Hetaughtheresincehecametothistown.13.Shesaidshewouldca
llmebutIdidn’theardfromhersofar.14.IamtiredbecauseIhadbeenworkingallday.15.Look!Herethebuscoming.16.Imeethiminothertime.17.Bythistimetomo
rrowwehavefinishedthework.18.SometimesIwillgetupateightinthemorning.19.Wehavetocancelthematchifitwillra
intomorrow.20.Ididn’tseenmybestfriendfornearlytwoyears.时态语态单句语法填空之真题训练:1.(2016·全国Ⅰ,62)I______________(allow)togetupcloset
othesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.2.(2016·全国Ⅱ,43)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow___________(be)oftenacceptable.3.(2016·全
国Ⅲ,42)Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight___________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.4.(2016·
全国Ⅲ,49)Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand____________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.5.(2016·北京,21)Jac
k___________(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.6.(2016·北京,25)I_____________(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltryto
finishitattheweekend.7.(2016·北京,30)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswill_________(reward)succes
sintheend.8.(2016·四川,阅读D)Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepand___________(cause)themicetosleeplonger.9.(2016·四川,61)Thegiantpanda____________(
love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.10.(2016·浙江,14)Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse,Idecidedtoapplyfo
rtheonethat___________(reflect)myinterest.11.(2017·全国Ⅰ,64)Whenfatandsalt________________(remove)fromfood,thefo
odtastesasifismissingsomething.学习札记:参考答案及解析时态语态单句改错之真题训练:1.stop改为stopped2.is改为was3.hurry改为hurried4.第二个is改为
was5.had改为have6.cost改为costs7.去掉will8.is改为was9.have改为had10.learn改为learned11.was改为is12.am改为was13.had改为have14.calm改为calmed15.did改为do16.is改
为was17.passes改为passed18.was改为is19.apologize改为apologized20.talked改为talk21.find改为found22.treat改为treated23.am改为was24.using改为used[beusedfor“被用来做”,为固定
短语。]25.goes改为went时态语态单句改错之模拟训练:1.tell改为told,因句中有表过去的时间状语justnow(刚刚)。2.phone改为phoned,因句中有表过去的时间状语amomentago。3.are改为were,因主句谓语为
一般过去时。4.are改为were,因从句谓语为一般过去时。5.see改为saw,因下文用了weretalking。6.doesn’t改为didn’t,因下文用了waswatching。7.去掉if从句中的will,因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表
示将来意义。8.去掉will,因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。9.is改为was,因主句中的hurt为一般过去时。10.finished改为finish,或在finished前加have。即在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来意义,但这里也可用现在完成时表示完成。11.w
orked前加has,句中的since表示“自从……以来一直……”,即表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间,故用现在完成时。12.am改为was,根据从句中的一般过去时可知am应改为was。13.came改为comes,根据前面的两处一般现在时可知。14.did改为do,根据前面的现在完成时可知“你
”现在还在我们城市,故后面一句问的是“你”现在对我们城市的看法。15.turned改为turns。本句叙述的是客观真理,故用一般现在时。16.spoke改为speak。全句叙述的是现在的情况。17.come前加will,根据句意,此处应是将来时态。18.cost改为costs,句子讲述的是现在
的一般情况。19.去掉will,时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。20.forget改为forgot,根据句意,此题的“忘记”应是指过去忘记。时态语态单句改错之提升训练:1.will改为would。宾
语从句要用过去将来时态。2.willcome改为comes。时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。3.has改为had。宾语从句需用过去完成时。4.work改为worked。此句要用一般过去时态。5.was改为is。从atpresent可知,此句用现在进行时。6.finish
前加had。离开学校是过去时态,在此之前完成就应用过去完成时。7.don’t改为didn’t。定语从句表示的是过去时态。此句要用一般过去时。8.am改为were。此句为虚拟语气,要用过去时。9.buys改为bought。从yeste
rday可知,要用一般过去时。10.come改为willcome。从inthetwodays可知,谓语动词要用一般将来时。11.met前加have。Before是表示过去,应用现在完成时态。12.tau
ght改为hastaught。表示过去已经开始持续到现在,而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态,应用现在完成时态来表示。13.didn’t改为haven’t。sofar迄今为止,用于现在完成时态。14.had改为have。从a
m可看出是现在时,其句中给出allday,应用现在完成进行时态。15.coming改为comes。Here,there放在句首构成倒装时,其时态只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。16.meet改为met。inothertimes从前,所以谓语动词要用
一般过去时态。17.have前加shall。强调在将来某时刻为止时完成是某动作,应用将来完成时态。18.去掉will。Sometimes有时,暗示句子要用一般现在时。19.willrain改为rains。If引导的条件状语从句,要用一般现在时表将来。20.didn’t改为
haven’t。Fornearlytwoyears暗示谓语动词要用现在完成时。时态语态单句语法填空之真题训练:1.wasallowed[根据语境及allowsbtodosth这一固定句式可知,我应该是被允许接近这些可爱的动物。]2.is[考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词
短语leavingtheless...,动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式,且这里说的是一个客观事实,故要用is。]3.bemade[考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。]4.were[考查时态。此处were是与wouldremind并
列的谓语动词。]5.wasworking[考查时态。句意:杰克正在实验室里工作这时突然停电了。此题考查到句型bedoing...when...结构。由occurred可知停电是发生在过去的某一具体时刻,故用wasworking。]6.
haveread[考查时态。句意:我已经读完这本英文小说的一半了,我会争取在周末读完。前一分句表示到现在已经完成的动作,与现在有联系,故用现在完成时。]7.berewarded[考查时态和语态。句意:学生们一直努力学习他们的功课,他们的努力终将得到
成功的回报。由句意可知,reward这一动作发生在havebeenworking之后,故用将来时态,reward和efforts之间为被动关系,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。]8.caused[考查时态,和前面的quickened并列关系。]9.isl
oved[全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫。这里用一般现在时表示现状,panda与love之间为被动关系。]10.reflected[考查时态。句意:当最后决定选一门课程时,我决定申请那个反映兴趣的课程。主句用的一般过去时,从句也如此。]11.areremoved[考查被动语态。句意:当脂肪和盐从食
物中被去掉。分析可知,fat、salt与remove之间是被动关系,而且是一般现在时]