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1专题限时集训(十八)完形填空之说明文A(2018·运城市模拟)Readinggoodbooksisoneofthegreatestpleasuresinlife.It1ourhappinesswhenwearecheerful，andlessens

our2whenwearesad.Agoodbookmayabsorbourattentionso3thatforthetimebeingweforgetour4.Whatevermaybeourmainpurposeinreading，goodbooksshoul

dneverfailtogiveus5.Withagoodbookinourhandswewillneverbe6.Whetherthecharactersinthebookaretakenfromreallifeorarepurel

y7，theymaybecomeourcompanionsandmakeuslaugh.Thepeoplewemeetinbooksmay8useitherbecausetheyaresimilartoourclosefrien

dsorbecausetheypresent9typeswhomwearegladtowelcomeasnewacquaintances.Ourhumanfriendssometimes10us，butthefriendswemakeinbooksalwaysrespectus.Byt

urningthepageswecan11themwithoutanyfearofhurtingtheirfeelings.Whenourhumanfriends12us，goodbooksareal

waystheretogiveussympathyandencouragement.Oneofthemostvaluablegiftsfrombooksis13.Fewofuscantravelfarfromhome，14allofuscanleadvariedlivesthro

ughthepagesofbook.Whenwewishto15fromthedullrealitiesofeverydaylife，abookwillhelpuswhen16elsecan.Totravelbybookwedon'th

aveto17andsavealotofmoney.Throughbookswemaygetthethrillofadventurewithout18.Wecanclimbhighmountainsorcrossthehotsandsofthedesert，19，throughbooksthe

wholeworldisoursfortheasking.The20ofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要介绍一本好书可以给我们带来快乐、朋友、经验和指导。1．A.achievesB．reducesC．increases

D．threatensC[当我们高兴的时候，它增加(increases)我们的幸福；我们难过的时候，它降低我们的悲痛(sorrows)。]2．A.dutiesB．sorrowsC．chancesD．diseasesB[参见上题解析。]3．A.completely

B．naturallyC．frequentlyD．desperatelyA[一本好书会完全(completely)吸引我们，以至于我们忘记了周围的环境(surroundings)。]4．A.perfor

mancesB．prejudices2C．responsibilitiesD．surroundingsD[参见上题解析。]5．A.agreementB．treatmentC．enjoymentD．judgementC[无论

我们读书的目的是什么，好的书应该总是给我们享受(enjoyment)。]6．A.lonelyB．lazyC．tiredD．guiltyA[手中有一本好书从来都不会寂寞(lonely)。]7．A.averageB．imaginaryC．typicalD．fortun

ateB[无论书中的人物形象来自于真实生活还是虚构的(imaginary)，都会使我们发笑。]8．A.greetB．shockC．worryD．delightD[我们在书中遇到的人使我们高兴(delight)，要么是因为他们与我们亲密的朋友相似，要么

是因为他们呈现给我们不熟悉(unfamiliar)类型的人，我们很高兴把他们当作新的熟人。]9．A.uncertainB．unpracticalC．unfamiliarD．unnecessaryC[参见上题解析。]10．A

.makefunofB．takecareofC．catchsightofD．payattentiontoA[有时我们人类的朋友会取笑(makefunof)我们，但是书中的朋友会尊重我们。]11．A.orderB．con

trolC．believeD．ignoreD[通过翻书页我们可以忽略(ignore)它们，不用担心会伤害到他们的感情。]12．A.challengeB．abandonC．understandD．persuadeB[当我们人类的朋友遗弃(abandon)我们时，书中的朋友总是给我们以同情和鼓

励。故选B。]13．A.pleasureB．knowledgeC．experienceD．successC[书中最有价值的礼物之一就是经验(experience)。]14．A.butB．orC．ifD．so

A[我们很少能出远门。但是(but)我们都可以通过书了解丰富多彩的生活。]15．A.returnB．recoverC．graduateD．escapeD[当我们想从日常乏味的生活中逃脱(escape)时，如果没

有别的东西(nothing)的话，一本好书将会给我们帮助。]316．A.anythingB．nothingC．everythingD．somethingB[参见上题解析。]17．A.payB．stopC．guessD．raceA[在书中旅游不用花钱(pay)

。]18．A.reasonB．evidenceC．dangerD．instructionC[在书中我们可以没有危险(danger)地得到冒险的刺激。]19．A.HoweverB．ThereforeC．OtherwiseD．Anywa

yD[不管怎样(Anyway)，通过书整个世界我们都可以去询问。]20．A.purposesB．possibilitiesC．directionsD．suggestionsB[我们文学经历的可能性(possibility)

几乎是没有限制的。]B(2018·河北省衡水中学模拟)Doyoueverfeellikeyouarestudyingamadrushofonesubjectafteranother?Whenthingshappenatsucha21pace，itiseasytolo

sesightofwhatyouarelearning.Itisimportantto22everynowandthentothinkaboutwhatyou'vebeenlearning.Selfreflectionme

ansstoppingthemadrushand23yourselfsoyourbraincanevaluatewhatithasalready24.Somepeopleprefertodotheirselfreflections25，whileotherskeepajourn

al.Eithermethodcanwork，dependingonwhatyourownpersonal26is.Schooltextbooksareoftendividedintounits.Th

iscanmakeit27forsomeonetobegintheprocessofselfreflection.Watchforthetimeswhenyoucompleteaunitofstudy.Sometimesyouareremindedthattheuniti

s28becausethereissomekindoftestorquiz.Usethesenatural29asopportunitiestostopandreflect.Youshouldfinda30place—anywhe

rewithoutnoiseisOK.Thiscanevenbesittingatyourdeskatschoolwhenyoufinishsomething31andtheotherstudentsarestillworking.Ifyouarego

ingtotakenotes，takeoutyourjournal.Writedownsomenotesonthingsthatyou32learnedinthisunit.Letyourmindthinkaboutthe

notesyouhavewrittenandmakesome33.Sometimesjustpausingtothinkdeeplyallowsyourbraintomakeconnections34newinformationcanqu

icklyappearwhenyou35itagain.Next，thinkaboutthingsthatyoustillwonderabout.36maybeyoulearnedaboutacertainbodysy

stem，butyoudon't37howitworkswiththeotherbodysystems.Maybeyoulearnedanewwaytosolveamathproblem，butyou'renotsurewhentouseit.Writing4downyour

38willhelpyouremembertocontinueseekinganswersthenexttimeyou39thesametopic.Selfreflectionisanessentials

killfora40student.Ifyouhavenevertakenthetimetoreflect，tryitnow.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要介绍自我反思的定义，来帮助学生学习。21．A.steadyB．fastC．relaxingD．uniqueB[根据前文的“a

madrushofonesubjectafteranother”判断，此处应表示“快速的”，故选B。]22．A.changeB．checkC．stopD．exerciseC[根据前文的learn可推断，此处应是停一下，故选C。]

23．A.calmingB．enjoyingC．behavingD．helpingA[根据前文的学习那么快，此处应是让自己平静下来。故选A。]24．A.dealtB．forgottenC．foundD．receivedD[此处表示“大脑能评估它接收的东西”，故选D。]25．A.person

allyB．mentallyC．slowlyD．directlyB[与下文的“keepajournal”相对应，此处应是记在心里，故选B。]26．A.paceB．gradeC．skillD．styleD[两种方法都有效，这取决于你个人的风格，故选D。]27

．A.quickB．necessaryC．easyD．hardC[教科书被分成几部分，应该是使得自我反思很容易，故选C。]28．A.finishedB．dividedC．interruptedD．co

veredA[通过后面的“testorquiz”可知，应是这部分完成了，故选A。]29．A.breaksB．testsC．unitsD．periodsA[根据前文的complete和testorquiz等判断，此处应是稍作停顿，故选A。]30．A.safeB．fami

liarC．quietD．comfortableC[根据下文的“withoutnoise”可知此处应表示“安静的”，故选C。]31．A.correctlyB．finallyC．earlyD．independentlyC[通过句中的“youfinishsomething”和“theotherstud

entsarestill5working”相比较可知，你完成得早，故选C。]32．A.activelyB．newlyC．rapidlyD．carefullyB[此处表示对新学的东西做一下回顾，故选B。]33．A.choi

cesB．decisionsC．connectionsD．improvementsC[这里指让新旧知识相连，下一段的connections是提示，故选C。]34．A.incaseB．sothatC．evenifD．asthoughB[空后是前一分句的结果，故选B。]35．A.seekB．s

hareC．showD．needD[此处表示“如果你再需要的时候”，故选D。]36．A.IngeneralB．OfcourseC．ForexampleD．AsusualC[下文是前面观点的例子，故选C。]37．A.knowB．doubtC．believeD．re

memberA[但是你不知道它是如何工作的，故选A。]38．A.opinionsB．methodsC．worriesD．questionsD[既然有疑问，就可以把问题(questions)写下来，故选D。后面的answers也是提示。]39．A.comeacrossB．getthrou

ghC．thinkofD．takeawayA[此处指下一次你遇到同样的问题时，故选A。]40．A.talentedB．successfulC．seriousD．youngB[根据文意，自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能

，故选B。]CTheSilverLine，createdin2013，isafree,24-hourtelephonehelpline.Itoffersinformation，friendshipandadviceto41people.“It'softene

asiertospeaktoa42，andnicetoknowyoucan43dayornight，”saysBolton，whohasnofamilynearby.Shecalledthehelplineafteritwas44b

yothers.NewfiguresshowthatAugustwasthecharity's45month，receivingmorethan45,000calls.Summercanbea(n)46timeforthoseleftbehindduringth

eholidayseason，47familiarfacesareawayforholidays，fromtheshopkeepertothebusdriverorevenfamilymembers.Two-thirdsofthecallsare48at6night

-timeandweekends，whennootherservicesare49.84percentofolderpeoplesayitisverydifficultto50loneliness，eventomembersoftheir51

becausetheydonotwishtobecomea“burden”．Arecentstudyfoundthatalmostthree-quartersofolderpeopleintheUKare

52，andmorethanhalfhave53spokentoanyoneabouthowtheyfeel.PeoplecancalltheSilverLine54，orbereferredbyarelativeorotherhe

lplines，Helplinestafftrytolearncallers'55firstandthensuggestinformationor56voluntarysupport，aimingtoreconnectthemwiththeircommunitie

s.“Foracharity，tryingtogaindonations(捐款)fromthepublicisa57task，”saysSophieAndrews，chiefleaderoftheSilverLine，“Olderpeopleareregardedasbeingres

ponsibleforeconomicfall.”To58this，Andrewswantsagreaterunderstandingoftheirmentalhealth59.“Beingoldermeansyouarest

illexposedtomentalhealthissues，butyourabilitytochangeyoursituationis60.”【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个为老年人服务的热线电话。41．A.disabledB．homelessC．poorD．olderD[根据下文中多

处出现的olderpeople可知，这个热线电话主要是为“老年人(olderpeople)”服务的。]42．A.neighborB．strangerC．friendD．doctorB[根据下文中“theydonotwishtobecomea‘burden’”和Helplinestaff可知，

老年人不愿意成为家人的负担，反而觉得和“陌生人(stranger)”聊天更容易一些。]43．A.comeB．talkC．callD．visitC[根据下文中的“calledthehelpline”可知，不管白天黑夜都可以

给这个热线服务“打电话(call)”。]44．A.mentionedB．servedC．ignoredD．blamedA[根据语境可知，有人“提到过(mentioned)”这个热线电话后，Bolton便给这个热线打电话

。]45．A.happiestB．busiestC．hottestD．worstB[根据下文中的“receivingmorethan45,000calls”可知，八月份是这个慈善机构“最忙的(busie

st)”一个月。]46．A.difficultB．meaningfulC．unforgettableD．relaxingA[根据文中的“thoseleftbehindduringtheholidayseason”和“familiar7facesareaw

ayforholidays”可知，八月份对于这些留守的老年人来说“很艰难(difficult)”，因为每当“这时(when)”人们都去度假了，留下老年人们孤零零的。]47．A.ifB．orC．whenD．thoughC[参见上题解析。]48．A

.missedB．paidC．canceledD．receivedD[根据上文中的“24-hourtelephonehelpline”可知，这个热线服务电话是全天候服务的，很多电话在半夜或周末“打进来(receive

d)”。]49．A.standardB．officialC．usefulD．availableD[根据上文中的“atnight-timeandweekends”和“nootherservices”可知，没有任何其

他服务在半夜和周末是“可获得的(available)”。]50．A.avoidB．recoverfromC．admittoD．valueC[根据句中的“theydonotwishtobecomea‘burden’”可知，老年人不愿意“承认(admitto

)”自己的孤独，不想成为负担，甚至对自己的“家人(family)”也不愿意说。]51．A.familyB．hospitalC．charityD．teamA[参见上题解析。]52．A.healthyB．wealthyC．lonelyD．unfortunateC[根据上文中的loneliness可知

，老年人很“孤单(lonely)”。]53．A.everB．neverC．oftenD．sometimesB[根据上文中的“donotwishtobecomea‘burden’”和loneliness可知，很多老年人

“从来没有(never)”和别人说过他们的感受。]54．A.earlyB．freelyC．directlyD．frequentlyC[根据下文中的“orbereferredbyarelativeoroth

erhelplines”可知，老年人可以“直接(directly)”拨打热线服务电话，或由其他热线电话转接。]55．A.needsB．interestsC．jobsD．habitsA[根据下文中的“andthensuggestinformation”可

知，热线电话工作人员首先要了解打电话求助者的“需求(needs)”，然后才给出建议。]56．A.privateB．widespreadC．localD．internationalC[根据下文中的“reconnectthemwiththeircommunit

ies”可知，工作人员会向8求助者提供信息或者“当地的(local)”志愿服务，将他们与自己所在的社区联系起来。]57．A.simpleB．hardC．dangerousD．pleasantB[根据下文中的“

Olderpeopleareregardedasbeingresponsibleforeconomicfall”可知，公众的对老年人的处境并不理解，这使得慈善机构获得社会基金的支持是一项很“艰难(hard)”的任务。]58．A.changeB．supportC．kn

owD．findA[根据下文中的“wantsagreaterunderstandingoftheirmentalhealth”可知，Andrews想“改变(change)”这一现状。]59．A.suggestionsB．examinatio

nsC．plansD．experiencesD[根据下文中的“Beingoldermeans...”可知，Andrews呼吁人们理解老年人的“经历(experiences)”。]60．A.doubtedB．developedC．provedD．reducedD[根据上

文中的“youarestillexposedtomentalhealthissues，butyourability...”可知，衰老意味着仍然存在心理健康问题，但改变这一状况的能力却“下降了(reduced)”。]