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真题精读·素养精练(一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevi

sitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrec

ipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownho

me,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommyloca

lMexicantakeawayrestaurant，”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil

.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,fo

llowsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestwee

klyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamily

inneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报

道。《早安英国》的节目主持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目——SaveMoney：GoodFood，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。24．WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A．Shee

njoysembarrassingherguests.B．Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C．Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D．Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamil

y.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“sheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonati

ghtbudget”可知，苏珊娜·瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲地烹饪——向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，由此可知，这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目。25．HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A．Hebuyscooking

materialsforher.B．Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C．Heassistsherincookingmatters.D．Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“withthehelpof

chefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste”可知，苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议，也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。26．Whatdoesthe

authorintendtodoinparagraph4?A．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C．Addsomebackgroundinformation.D．Intr

oduceanewtopicfordiscussion.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一节目是仿照了SaveMoney：GoodHealth的风格，为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取有价值的建议，因此本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。27．Wh

atcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB．BalancingOurDailyDietC．MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD．Co

okingWellforLess解析：选D标题归纳题。全文介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一档电视节目，旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，因此D项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近

的正确选项1．Afewofmyteachersofferextrahelpafterclass.A．giveB．affordC．achieveD．add2．Lookingthroughthenewspa

perseveryday,weare_used_toreadingterrifyingreportsaboutcrimes.A．arefondofB．areaccustomedtoC．areafraidofD．areaddictedto3．Thedeputyairportmanagersaid

therewasnoapparentexplanationforthecrash.A．signB．reasonC．symbolD．influence4．Thegovernmentistakinganactiveroleinimprovingpublicschools.A

．dutyB．affectionC．partD．aid5．Thejobgaveheranopportunitytogainvaluableexperience.A．expensiveB．richC．abundantD．useful6．Thelidistootight.Ican'tlo

osenit.A．fastenedB．smallC．thinD．extraordinary答案：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thewindmadethegirl'swoolenscarf

tightly(tight)aroundherneck.2．Irealizedknowledgeisvaluable(value)onlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.3．Eventhestudentswh

ousedtodislike(dislike)Englishhaveturnedouttobeinterestedinthesubject.4．Thissimplewayofhelpingpeopleisnowmakingabigdifference(different)tosoci

ety.5．Forsometimenow,worldleadershavebeenpointingoutthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction(reduce)．6．Noonehascomeup

withaconvincingexplanation(explain)ofwhydinosaursdiedout.7．It'simportanttospendyourtimeproductively(product)．8．Sheisasuccessas

aTVpresenter(present)butshedoesn'thavemuchexperienceinmanagingaclothesshop.9．Itiswellworthmakinganefforttopromotethepublicawareness(aware)ofen

vironmentalprotection.10．Hebroughtupapractical(practice)planinthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.Ⅲ.选词填空role，present，value，productive，i

nspire，celebration，advise，payoff，explain，bereducedto1．Inspiredbythespeech,thelittlegirlmadeuphermindtoworkevenhar

der.2．Whenthemooncameup,theyoungpeoplebegantheircelebration.3．Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation(创新),youneedtohan

dinareport,explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.4．Moreandmorepeopleareadvisedtogoto

workbybus.5．SocialnetworkssuchasFacebookandTwitternowalsoplayamajorroleinbuildingnewfriendship.6．Believeitornot,therichmansh

ouldbe_reduced_tobeggingforaliving.7．Thehousesbeingbuiltatpresentforthelow-incomefamilieswillbecomplete

dnextMay.8．Lastmonth,Iwasbusypreparingforthefinalexamination,hopingthatIcouldperformwell.Finallyallmyeffortspaid_

off.9．HeisaproductivecontemporaryChinesewriter,andhaspublisheddozensofshortstoriesrelatedtothecountryside.10．Bornintoafamilywiththreebroth

ers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．众所周知，英国人习惯于靠左边开车。Asweallknow,Englishpeopleare_used_to_driving

ontheleft.2．媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着重要作用。Themediaplay_a_major_role_ininfluencingpeople'sopinions.3．如果我们要想在生活中有所作为，重要的一点就是我

们应该从小事做起。Ifwearetomake_a_differenceinlife,it'svitalthatwe(should)beginwithsmallthings.4．孩子们主动要求洗盘子。Thekidsoffered_to_do/washthedishes.5．她决心要把自己的新

想法付诸实践。She'sdeterminedtoputhernewideasinto_practice.6．你英语说得非常好，但应多注意书面英语。YouspeakEnglishverywell,butmore_attent

ion_should_be_paid_toyourwrittenEnglish.真题精读·素养精练(二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Langu

ageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunte

r-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexp

ertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeople

startedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcentur

ies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationan

dbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasE

nglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugel

yuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzo

neshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePaci

ficperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichme

ansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesare

closetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMex

ico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavem

uchchanceofsurvival.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言多样性的发展变化以及现在很多语言面临消亡的威胁这一现象。28．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesin

hunter-gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywereclose

lyconnected.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Somelanguageexpertsbelieve...12,000languagesbetweenthem.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能说1200

0种语言。由此可推断，狩猎时代的语言种类很多。29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful.D．Modern.解析：选

C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreas

inglytakingover”可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，这就暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful(强大的，有影响力的)。30.Howmany

languagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800.B．About3,400.C．About2,400.D．About1,200.解析：选B数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6800种语言；再根据“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld's

languagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用人数少于6000。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswill

becreated.B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolutio

n.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知，随着社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类社会的发展使得世界上语言的种类越来越少。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Thedistributio

nofresourcesinthisareaislargelyuneven.A．unequalB．unbearableC．unbelievableD．uncertain2．Suchproblemsareauniversalfeatureofoldage.A．particularB

．commonC．separateD．familiar3．Therumorabouthimspreadthroughoutthetownamongthepeoplerapidly.A．leakedB．flowedC．ci

rculatedD．floated4．I'mgoingtotake_overthecompanyoneday.A．workforB．setupC．getcontrolofD．engagein5．Theirgeneralpracticein

suchcasesistoofferadeal.A．specialB．fantasticC．extremeD．usual答案：1.A2.B3.C4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Greatchangeshavetakenplacerecently(recent)inthismoun

tainareainthepastfewyears.2．Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief(believe)thatyouarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.3．Thereh

avebeensignificantcomputerdevelopments(develop)duringthelastdecade.4．Cellphones,whicharenowuniversally(univer

se)recognizedasamust,haveagreateffectonus.5．Ontheotherhand,somestudentsholdtheviewthatlaboreducation(educ

ate)willtakeuptheirtime,whichwillbespentstudying.6．MyinterestandskillinEnglish,communication(communicate)andteamworkcontributetomyapplicationfort

hejob.7．Healthandenvironmentalproblemshavebecomeincreasingly(increase)thefocusofattention.8．Whowillbeinchargeofthedistribution(distribute)o

ffoodandclothingtothefloodvictims?9．Itisgenerally(general)believedthatteacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersinclass.10．Ifh

ecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．Ⅲ.选词填空spread，believein，universe，educate，communicate，increa

se，distribute，relative1．Thescientistexplainedinhisbookhowtheuniversecameintobeing.2．Ithinkwhenyouareintroubleyoushouldcommunicatewithyourparentsorfr

iendsfirst.3．Thedoctorsdistributedthemedicinestothepeopleinthefloodedarealastmonth.4．Thepublicurgedthegovernmenttotakeimmediatemeasurestopreventthe

forestfirefromspreading.5．Hehadtogiveinasaresultofthepressurefromhisparentsandrelatives.6．Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeou

tontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.7．Thepeoplewhoworkherearewelleducatedandopen-mi

nded.8．Cheerup!Youmustbelieve_inyourselfandyouwillgetsuccess.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我认为李萍很适合这个职位。Ihold_the_belief_thatLiPingisquitesuitableforthepost.2．一般说来，一个运动

员在赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。Generally_speaking,_theharderanathletetrainsbeforeamatch,themorepossiblehe/she

willwin.3．尽量多用简单汉语与当地人交流，这样有助于你练习、掌握汉语。Trytocommunicate_with_the_nativesinsimpleChineseasmuchaspossible,whichwillhelpyoupracticeitandh

aveagoodcommandofit.4．然后，我们就把一些礼物，比如书和书包分发给他们。Thenwedistributedsomepresentssuchasbooksandschoolbagsto/amongthem.5．自从这个新的经理去年接管了这个公司之后，这

些工人就没有定期拿到过工资。Theemployeeshavenotbeenpaidregularlysincethenewmanagertook_over_this_companylastyear.6．她预定今晚发表一场演讲，希望我们所有人都参加。Sheis

scheduledtogive_a_speechtonight,hopingallofuswillattendit.真题精读·素养精练(三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·D篇)Wemaythinkwe'reacult

urethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellafter

theygooutofstyle.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanthen

eweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstitut

eofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedto

whenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygenerati

on.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhom

esin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomt

elevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse，”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragen

umberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—we

continuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdevicesw

iththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to200

7window.Sowhat'sthesolution(解决方案)?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsum

ersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentert

ainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，过时的电子设备比新设备要消耗更多的能源，而且危害环境

。因此从环保的角度来看，文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时的设备。32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A．Theyareenvironment-friendly.B．Theyarenobetterthantheold.C．Theycostmoret

ouseathome.D．Theygooutofstylequickly.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“theseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings”可知，这些

过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源，也就是说新的设备更节能、更环保。33.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A．Toreducethecostofminerals.B．Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C．Tou

pdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D．Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareus

ing...”可知，Babbitt和她的团队进行这项研究的目的是计算这些设备的用电量。34．Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A．Thebox-setTV.B．Thetablet.C．TheLCDTV.D．Thedesktopcomputer.解析：

选B细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptio

nby44%.”可知，在平板电脑上观看更多的点播娱乐节目，而不是看电视和台式电脑，可以将能耗降低44%，由此可知，平板电脑消耗最少的能源。35．Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicde

vices?A．Stopusingthem.B．Takethemapart.C．Upgradethem.D．Recyclethem.解析：选A推理判断题。文章通过科学家的研究表明，过时的旧电子设备会消耗更多的能源，不环保。由此推知，文章建议人们停止使用旧电子设备。二

、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Itisdifficulttoget_rid_ofdeep-rootedhabits.A．competeB．removeC．continueD．wonder2．Ihope

youcanfigure_outwhatIwrote!A．understandB．adduptoC．workoutD．guess3．Theprogramwouldgeneratealotofnewjobs.A．accommodateB．accompanyC．cultivateD．make4．Th

ewriterpersonallycontributed￡4,000totheearthquakefund.A．resultedB．increasedC．donatedD．discussed5．Televisionsbegantoreplaceradiosinmostfamilies

'homes.A．taketheplaceofB．takeplaceC．refuseD．remind答案：1.B2.A3.D4.C5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thebooksonthedesk,whosecover

sareshiny(shine),areprizesforus.2．Whiletheywerejustchildren,theymadecontributionstotheenvironmental(environment)protection.3．Ifind

thatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmoreenergetic(energy)．4．Afterhecametopower,_everyonesaidhewasapowerfulleader,butn

owhefeelssopowerlessthatheevencan'tsavehisdaughter.(power)5．Thisisasmallhouselessthan30squaremeters,butalargefamilyofthreegenerations(generate

)livesinit.6．Thegovernmentprovidesthemwithnotonlyfoodandshelter,butalsothebasic(base)skillsfortheirliving.7．T

hepurposeofeducationisnotonlytheaccumulationofknowledge.Anditalsomeansaccumulatingintelligenceaswellas

abilities.(accumulate)8．Allovertheworld,researchers(research)areracingagainsttheclocktofigureouthowbesttofeedmorepeopleinafast-

changingworld.9．Arrestedbythelatestelectronic(electricity)toys,thelittleboystoodinfrontofthewindows,withoutmoving.10．Ifyo

uwanttobepopular,aboveall,joininourclassactivitiesandmakeacontribution(contribute)toourclassifpossible.Ⅲ.选词填空figureout，getridof，track，showup，

replace，research，electrical，contribute1．Twohundredpeopleshowed_upforthewedding,about50morethanwehadoriginallyplanned.

2．ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!3．Fortunately,hisconvincingvoicecontributedtohissucc

essinasingingcompetitioninaprogramatCCTV,makinghimfamousthroughoutChina.4．ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisd

evotiontothescientificresearch.5．Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisa

stersandsobstories.6．ThereisaheateddebateaboutwhetherE-bookswillreplacepaperbooksornot.7．We'removing,sowehavetoget_rid_ofal

otofouroldfurniture.8．Wecan'tfigure_outwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.Ⅳ.补全句子1．一旦你学会利用失败，

那么失败就能为你的生活带来积极的贡献。Failurecanmake_a_positive_contribution_toyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.2．我们必须明白：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚

至有时几乎不可能改掉。Wemustunderstandthatahabitisdifficultandsometimesalmostimpossibletoget_rid_of_once_it_is_formed.3．很长时间我才弄清楚发生了什么。Itwasquitealong

timebeforeIfigured_out_what_had_happened.4．迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。Mikehasonlydriventothepubtoshow_off_his_new_car—heusuallyw

alks.5．微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。Asmilecanhelpusget_throughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.真

题精读·素养精练(四)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesa

ndstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutri

tionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberr

iescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(

抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresod

eliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeane

xcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingas

theyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoff

reshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthete

mperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve”creamydessert,tobeeatenright

away.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丰收的七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，并告诉我们这些果实富含的营养成分和可以制作成各种美食。24．Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A．Theycontainprotein.B．Theyar

ehighinvitaminA.C．Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D．Theyarerichinantioxidants.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares？”可知，樱桃很美味，

故选C项。25．Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A．Tomakethemsmellbetter.B．Tokeeptheircolour.C．Tospeeduptheirripening.D．Toimprovetheirnutritio

n.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.”可知，往香蕉上挤一些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。26．Whatis

“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A．Adessert.B．Adrink.C．Acontainer.D．Amachine.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“theylovefeedi

ngthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow”可知，画线词指的是一种机器(榨汁机)，因此选D。27．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abio

logytextbook.B．Ahealthmagazine.C．Aresearchpaper.D．Atravelbrochure.解析：选B文章出处题。从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月成熟的果实，说这些水果好

比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食，而这自然与健康饮食有关，因此本文应该摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考

点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Chinaisabeautifulcountryabundantinminerals.A．confidentB．richC．shortD．impressive2．Hewasaniceenoughperson,butas_fo

rhissuggestions,Ifoundthemunhelpful.A．withregardtoB．aswellasC．inadditiontoD．incaseof3．Mostpeoplereadbookssimplyforpleasure.A．justB．neverC．neit

herD．frequently4．Thefireisconstantlyfedwithwood.A．tiredB．strengthenedC．suppliedD．eaten5．Takethemedicineright_away!Hadyoutakenityesterday,youwouldb

equiteallrightnow.A．slowlyB．inashorttimeC．fromtimetotimeD．atonce答案：1.B2.A3.A4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Wehaveabundant(a

bundance)evidencetoprovehisguilt.2．Thecolourful(colour)lifeandfitting-instudyadduptoherunforgettableexperienceinAmerica.3．InC

hina,theprotection(protect)oftheenvironmentisoneofthebasicstatepoliciesofthegovernment.4．It'sreportedthatthecoachwillselecttwel

vebasketballplayerstotakepartinthesportsmeeting.Thefinalteamselection(select)willbemadetomorrow.5．Theplantsneedtherightam

ountofsunlightandraintogrowandripen(ripe)．6．Herwordsleftalasting(last)impressiononme.7．Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimply(simple)becausepe

opleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?8．Trafficisbad,particularly(particular)inthecitycentre.Ⅲ.选词填空becauseof，asfor，purpose，remove，last，feed，ri

ghtaway，comeout1．Havingremovedfromhishometowntothecity,Johndidn'tknowwhattodoatfirst.2．Theyhadbeenworkingontheprog

ramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,butstillnogoodresultshavecome_outsofar.3．IgotsofedupwithwaitingforhimtodoitthatIjustwentaheadanddi

ditmyself.4．Youdon'tlookwell.You'dbettergoandseeadoctorright_away.5．As_forthemillionsofdollarsTardarhasearned,theycomef

romalltheproducts,commercialsandabest-sellingbook.6．TodayAPECisplayingamoreimportantroleintheworldstage,whosep

urposeistopromoteeconomiccooperationintheAsia-Pacificarea.7．TheCivilWar,whichhaslastedfornearlyfiveyears,isfinallyatanend.8．Wedidn't

gototheSummerPalaceyesterdaybecause_ofthebadweather.Ⅳ.补全句子1．为了阻止她去参加聚会，他故意假装生病。Inordertopreventherfromgoingtotheparty,hepre

tendedtobeillon_purpose.2．讨论了这个问题整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。Havingdiscussedtheproblemallafternoon,theyfinallycame_up_withasolutiontoit.3．意识到妈妈工作一天后

肯定累了，小女孩帮助妈妈把包从肩上拿下来。Realizinghermommustbeverytiredafteraday'swork,thegirlhelpstoremove_the_bag_from_her_shoulder.4．就我而言，我

不反对他的建议。As_for_me,_I'mnotopposedtohissuggestion.5．众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。Asisknowntousall,shoe

splayanimportantroleinourlife,fortheycanprotect_our_feet_from_being_hurt.真题精读·素养精练(五)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷

Ⅱ·C篇)Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverth

epastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowpa

rentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom

8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatash

owsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2－8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromcloser

toanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocouns

el(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilll

imitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparent

sservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentread

ers,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendof

schoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerrea

dinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一份调查报告显示，尽管阅读在很多孩子的生活中仍然是很重要的一部分，但是进行趣味性阅读的青少年人数在减少。要想改变这种状况，父母应该在阅读方面起示范

作用，帮助和鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。28．WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A．Children'sreadinghabits.B．Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C．Children'safte

r-classactivities.D．Parent-childrelationships.解析：选A推理判断题。第一段交代了CommonSenseMedia发布的报告内容，第二、三段说孩子们的趣味性阅读减少了，几乎不进行

趣味性阅读的人数增加了，第五、六段提到电子书的阅读以及父母的示范引领作用，从这些信息推断，这份报告研究的内容是孩子们的阅读习惯，因此选A。29．Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“

childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”？A．Inparagraph2.B．Inparagraph3.C．Inparagraph4.D．Inparagraph5.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段中提出“为了乐趣而阅读的儿童人数减少了”，第三段中通过一

些数据来支持这一观点，故选B。30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A．E-booksareofpoorquality.B．Itcouldbeawasteoftime

.C．Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D．E-readersareexpensive.解析：选C推理判断题。第五段提到科技产品与阅读的关系，说这份报告几乎没有建议父母去了解电子读物和平板电脑对阅读的影响，但是指出许多父母限制孩子阅读电子读物

的原因是担心孩子看屏幕的时间增加。使用电子产品的时间增加自然会对健康造成危害。故选C。31．Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A．Actasrolemodelsforthem.B．Askthemtowritebook

reports.C．Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D．Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclea

revidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.”可知，家长应该起模范带头作用，鼓励孩子多阅读，故选A。二、素养

回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Youshouldn'tdeclinetohelpthemaninneed.A．intendB．refuseC．outlineD．decrease

2．IremaininLondonuntilMay.A．removeB．changeC．leaveD．stay3．Researchindicatesthateatinghabitsarechangingfast.A．

statesB．showsC．explainsD．concludes4．Thereareabout300newproductson_show.A．onstrikeB．onholidayC．onexhibitionD．onduty5．Itwas

evidentthatshewasseriouslyill.A．obviousB．vagueC．amazingD．useful6．Severalpaintersareworkingonahugepieceofclothwhichserves_a

sthescenery.A．worksB．treatsC．actsasD．places答案：1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thepublisher(publish)expect

edthebooktosell1,500copiesatleast.2．Shedeclinedto_have(have)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.3．Itisagrea

thonoraswellasapleasure(please)formetobepraisedbytheteacherpubliclybeforemyclassmates.4．Thereisnopoi

ntarguing(argue)aboutwhatledtotheaccident.Thepointiswhattodowiththevictimsofit.5．Timeislimited(limit),soyoumustfinishitin30minutes.6．

Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI'mconcerned,_weshouldtalkwiththemandtellthemourconcerns.(

concern)7．Thereisnoevidence(evident)tosupportthistheory.8．“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashedtoday,Master？

”askedtheservant(serve)politely.Ⅲ.选词填空showout，frequently，share，concerning，pointout，unpleasant，indicate，remain1．Shetriedinvaintopoint_outtohimtheunf

airnessofhisactions.2．Itmakesourschooldirtyandunpleasant,_anddoesharmtotheimageofourschool.3．Iamwritingtoseeifitispossiblefor

youtoprovidemewithinformationconcerningtheclub.4．Whenandwheretoholdthemeetingremainstobediscussedfurther.5．Whenhedi

dn'tknowhowtogetoutofthebuilding,aboyshowedhimout.6．LookingbacktotheNationalEnglishSpeakingCompetitionItookpartinseveraldaysago,Ihavealotto

sharewithyou.7．Thebell,indicatingtheendoftheclass,interruptedourheateddiscussion.8．Callonthesememoriesfreque

ntly,_especiallywhenfeelingsad,angryorstressed.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这名足球明星拒绝回答这位记者的问题。Thefootballstardeclined_to_answerthereporter'squ

estions.2．你打电话的时候我正要睡觉。Iwason_the_point_ofgoingtobedwhenyourang.3．就我个人而言，不花太多的时间玩智能手机是明智的。As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it'swisenottospendmuchtimep

layingwithsmartphones.4．根据天气预报员所说，明天有暴风雨。According_totheweatherman,therewillbeastormtomorrow.5．我很满意自己的厨艺。看起来不错，闻起来也美味。I'mverypleased_

withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.真题精读·素养精练(六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷

Ⅱ·D篇)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,struggling

withtheuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconv

ersationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considert

hatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tfor

getthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,dir

ectoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusin

essdealbeginswithsmalltalk，”heexplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunic

atewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninter

action(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsig

nificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterth

antalkingtoyourhusband，”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterfo

rourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abon

dwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.语篇解读：本文是一

篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场所或沉迷于智能手机，或与令人不安的沉寂作斗争，人们似乎都不愿意打破沉默与他人交流。作者在文中指出，我们应该从闲聊开始，学会与人交流，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。32.Whatphenomenonisdesc

ribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatience

withslowservice.解析：选C细节理解题。第一段指出，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在坐飞机的时候，我们和身边其他人一样认真地关注着智能手机，或者更糟的是，与令人不安的沉寂作斗争。因此第一段描述了“陌生人之间缺少交流”这一现象，故选C。33．Whatisimp

ortantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners.B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusines

sdeals.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”可知，Carducci认为

成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。34．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople'sconfid

ence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句“Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththe

irserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Conversation

CountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用

。故C项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurroundingthevillage

.A．neighboringB．givinginC．circlingD．mounting2．Theshopkeeperstruggledwiththethief.A．foughtB．talkedC．curedD．pret

ended3．Thetwogirlsarenotlikelytotellonefromtheother.A．probableB．alikeC．wealthyD．effective4．IwassodisturbedbythenoisethatIcouldn'

twork.A．contentedB．teasedC．annoyedD．delighted5．It'svaluelesstogetangrywithyourself.A．worthlessB．invaluab

leC．pricelessD．useful6．Youmustbegettingsomethingof_valuefromit.A．valuableB．availableC．affordableD．believable答案：1

.C2.A3.A4.C5.A6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Althoughweadorehisworktoday,VanGoghwasnotsuccessful(success)whilehewasalive.2．I'dappreciateitifyoucouldgivem

esomeadviceonhowtoadapttomynewsurroundings(surround)．3．Havinggotthenews,hestoodtheresilently(silence)fo

rlong,hislipstremblingconstantly.4．Weshouldnotoverlookthispossibility(possible)thatwecan'tarriveontimebecauseoftheweath

er.5．Itissochallenging(challenge)ajobthatIcan'tfinishitonmyown.6．Theteenagerinsistedthathisparentswereselfish,whichmadehisparent

sannoyed(annoy)．7．Doyourememberthosetimeswhenyourmothertoldyoutoavoidtalkingtostrangers(strange)?8．Wehopeyouwouldtakeourideasintoconsideration(c

onsider)andwelookforwardtoattendingtheiPadclass.9．Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluable(value)time,butalsodogreatharmtoourh

ealth.10．Weareworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.Ⅲ.选词填空surround，impossible，likely，

challenge，annoy，considerate，valueless，society1．Ifyoubelongtothatshytypeofpeople,talkingtoastrangermayseemtobea

realchallengeforyou.2．Myhusbandwhoisthreeyearsseniortome,isveryconsiderateandalwaysplacesmeinthefirstplace.3．Thepaintingwehadthoughttobeofgreat

valueturnedouttobevalueless.4．It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenotallofthemarefitforthem.5．Thereisnodoubtthatwhatacleanerdoesis

hardercomparedwithanyotherjobinthesociety.6．Failureisannoying,_butwhatfailurecanteachusmayneverbetaughtinotherway

s.7．Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.8．Hefoundthathisdaughterwassurroundedbylettersandpapersandthatshelookedv

eryworried.Ⅳ.补全句子1．有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichare_associated_with_smoking.2．为了获得受教育的机会，他正跟很多困难作斗争。Togeta

neducation,hewasstruggling_against/with_many_difficulties.3．毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致过分焦虑。Thereisnodoubtthatstayingupi

s_more_likely_toresultinover-anxiety.4．要求所有的文章与学生们的生活有关。Itisrequestedthatallthearticles(should)_be_related_tothe

students'life.5．据我所知，约翰接替汤姆成为学生会的主席。AsfarasIknow,Johnsucceeded_Tom_aschairmanoftheStudents'Union.真题精读·素养精练(七)训练日

期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriv

er.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkC

ity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.But

notallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒

野)．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.Dawsondidnotha

veanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhu

ndredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killi

ng63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesesta

yedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive

.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewer

enewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewhere

theCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大城市——道森市的历史、发展与现状。24．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture.B．

Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition.D．Itsfavourableclimate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplaces...NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearal

argeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25．Whatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgol

dinDawson?A．Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“O

fthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.”可知，在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26．Wha

twasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D．They

wereshortoffood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thecitywascrowded...newgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”可知，人

们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theriseandfallofacity.B．ThegoldrushinCanada.C．Journeysintothewilderness.D．TourisminDawso

n.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。二、

素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．It'snotnaturalforachildofhisagetobesoquiet.A．surprisingB．normalC．frighteningD．interesting

2．Lifeintheseamaydependonthesetinycreatures.A．depressB．decideC．relyD．increase3．Peoplerushedtobuysharesinthecompany.A．preferredB．enjoyedC．appreciate

dD．hurried4．Sensiblepeopledon'tthinkitisusefultobuythingswhicharenotneededevenatalowprice.A．worthB．worthyC．worthlessD．worthwhile5．Believeitornot,weme

tonacoachtourinItaly.A．journeyB．stayC．flyingD．period答案：1.B2.C3.D4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Bereasonable(reason)!Wecan'tworklateeverynight

.2．It'snatural(nature)thattheymisstheirfamilyverymuch.3．Althoughcellphonescanbringusgreatconvenience(convenient),wesh

ouldbewiseenoughtousethem.4．It'sreportedthatinChinamanychildreninmountainous(mountain)areasstillcan't

gotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.5．Withnowarning(warn),hewasfiredbythecompany.6．Itisunfairthathegetsverylittle

rewardforhisrewardingwork.(reward)7．Grandmadoesallherownshoppingandcooking—Ihaveneverseenamoreindependent(depend)agedperson.8．P

uttingasidehisdisappointment(disappoint),hesmiledandpraisedthewinner.9．Thispositionisequallysuitable(suit)foras

chool-leaverorforsomebodywhohasworkexperience.10．Eventhoughtheforestparkisfaraway,alotoftourists(tour)visititeveryyear.Ⅲ.选词填空fallasleep，reward，natura

lly，worthy，reasonable，tour，warn，rush1．WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththetheoryofevolution.2．Davidhunguphiscellphoneand

rushedtohisson'sclassroom,onlytofindhimlisteningtotheteacherattentively.3．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable,_soallofusdidn'tacceptit.4．Havingbee

nwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn'tmakesuchmistakesagain.5．Lastweekend,myfriendandItookatourtoavillageinourneighboringcounty.

6．Whenmothercameback,Ipretendedtohavefallenasleep.7．SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthyofbeingexp

erienced.8．Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributionstoscience.Ⅳ.补全句子1．那个小女孩对于考试结果感到很失望，站在那里一言不发。Thelittlegirl,disappoi

nted_attheexaminationresults,stoodtherewithoutsayingaword.2．据我所知，在那个小镇上购物很方便。AsfarasIknow,it_is_convenient_to_do_shoppinginthatsmalltown.3．第二

天早上他醒来的时候发现自己身上盖着外套。Thenextmorninghewokeuptofind_himself_covered_withacoat.4．就我来说，我认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。Asforme,Idon

'tthinkitis_suitable_forparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.5．网络投票并不取决于竞争对手的长处，而是他们有多

少社交网络资源。Onlinevotingdoesnotdepend_onthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingre

sourcestheyhave.真题精读·素养精练(八)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)Whilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesigns

oflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesea

rchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012

PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.W

angservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheu

niversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChin

eseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingspe

rfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Hea

skedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.Thiscreationattractedalot

ofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素)．Wang'sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftradit

ions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995Pr

itzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditions.onceexisted，”hesaid.“ManyChi

nesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendeveloping

andthatarestillbeingcreated，”hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetra

ditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare，”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshould

becombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2012年度建

筑界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。28．Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare________.A．followingthelatestworldtrendB．gettingin

ternationalrecognitionC．workingharderthaneverbeforeD．relyingonforeignarchitects解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国49岁的

建筑师王澍获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，说明中国的建筑设计师赢得了国际的认同和肯定。故选B。29．WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A．Itshillyenvironment.B．Itslargesize.

C．Itsuniquestyle.D．Itsdiversefunctions.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities

.”和“Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑设计风格独特，给人留下了深刻印象，故选C

。30．WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A．Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B．ThebalanceofEastandWest.C．T

heuseofpopulartechniques.D．Theharmonyofoldandnew.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“Thiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixture

ofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素)．”和第六段第二句中的“Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitec

ture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。31．WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A．Spreadthemto

theworld.B．Preservethematmuseums.C．Teachtheminuniversities.D．Recreatetheminpractice.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中“becombinedwithpractice”和第二句中“th

erecreationoftraditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hehasretire

dandleadsaneasylifenow.A．enduresB．playsC．describesD．lives2．Yourpresentationasastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflect

ingonhowyoulearn.A．operationB．growthC．performanceD．character3．Pleasemake_an_efforttobepolite.A．endangerB．protectC．wantD．try

yourbest4．ThisparticularcustomhasitsoriginsinWales.A．characteristicsB．celebrationsC．rootsD．rules5．Herbehavio

riscreatingalotofproblems.A．leadingB．attractingC．explainingD．making6．IfeltamazedwhenIheardthenews.A．familiarB．guiltyC．surprisedD．caut

ious7．Thebeautifulsceneryattractedmyattention.A．ledB．performedC．countedD．caught8．Weallhaveuniqueskillsan

dgifts.A．goodB．skillfulC．specialD．wonderful答案：1.D2.C3.D4.C5.D6.C7.D8.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．I'mafraidwecan'tattendtheparty,butthanksforyourin

vitation(invite)anyhow.2．Aftertheymarried,theysettleddowninasmallvillage,leading(lead)aquietlife.3．Thestudentsinourclassputonagoodperfor

mance(perform)attheEnglishevening.4．Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortto_cut(cut)downtheuseofenergyinourcountry.5．Today'sshoppingcartsar

efivetimeslargerthanGoldman'soriginal(origin)model.6．Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccesslayintryingtosurroundmyselfwithc

reative(create)people.7．Theyhavemadeamazing(amaze)achievementsinthepastfewyears,shockingmanypeople.8．Theydealwithhome,

workandpersonalinterestsperfectly(perfect)．Ⅲ.选词填空abandoned，existence，unique，perform，leadto，award，traditional，attrac

t1．Inthepast,ItookpartinmanysocialactivitiesinwhichIperformedwellandgainedrichexperience.2．Ifyouwouldpreferatradi

tionalEnglishschool,XUKEnglishistheperfectplace.3．Thiskindoffriendlyandharmoniousatmosphereisuniquetoourcompany,andyoucan'texperienceitina

nyotherplace.4．ThisprogrammebecamemorepopularafterithadbeenawardedthebestTVShowoftheYear.5．Attractedbythemoviestarredinbythefamou

sactor,Idecidedtoseeitagain.6．Theorphanwasabandonedbyhiscruelparentsbecauseofhisdisabilitywhenborn.7．Asweallknow,success

liesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.8．Asisknowntous,thePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintoexistenceasani

ndependentcountryin1949.Ⅳ.补全句子1．正在被讨论的这些问题不是美国特有的。Theissuesbeingdiscussedare_not_unique_totheUS.2．父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Pa

rentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandspare_no_efforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.3．在办公室工作的人通常被称作白领。P

eoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferred_to_as“whitecollarworkers”．4．普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌症。It'sgenerallybelievedthattheoverfulltirednessle

d_tohiscancer.5．没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始存在的。Nooneknowswhensuchacustomfirstcame_into_existence.真题精读·素养精练(九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷

Ⅲ·D篇)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?Thegoodnewsist

hatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentod

onateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayfo

rherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyi

ntoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor)．Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingof

bigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,dete

rminedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.I

expectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball—simple,

universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,c

ompletelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.Hehadmyf

ullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过引导孩子主动

捐献和变卖玩具以及与儿子玩球的事例说明了简单物品能够使我们获得快乐。32．Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Themore,thebetter.B．Enoughisenough.C．Moremoney,

moreworries.D．Earnmoreandspendmore.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知，成人能够理解物质过剩的感受，可是当涉及孩子时，我们却会认为(孩子)拥有的东西越多越好。再根据第三句“ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelp

myownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.”可知，作者不认同前面的moreismore这种观点。故选A。33．WhatmadeGeorgiaagreet

osellsomeofherobjects?A．Savingupforherholiday.B．Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.C．Addingthemoneytoherfund.D．Givingthemoneytoasickmother.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句

中的“Shechosetosellafew...whenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)”可知，当我们许诺把卖掉这些物品的钱放到她学校基金里的时候，她才同意卖，故选C。34．Whydidtheau

thorplaytheballwithShepherd?A．Totryoutanidea.B．Toshowaparent'slove.C．Totrainhisattention.D．Tohelphimstartahobby.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段第三句中的“Yesterda

y,Isatwith...determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.”和第四句中的“Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoy”可知作者和儿子玩耍是为了测试自己的理论：livemorewithless。故选A。35．Wha

tcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TakeItorLeaveItB．ALessonfromKidsC．LiveMorewithLessD．ThePleasureofGiving解析：选C标题归纳题。第一段最后一句中的“h

owtolivemorewithless”是文章中心句。下文逐层展开论述，最后得出论点的正确性。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Theroomwasfloode

dwithautumnalsunlight.A．keptB．suppliedC．filledD．decorated2．Ioftendonatesomemoneytothepoorchildren.A．occupyB．desireC．contribut

eD．charge3．Employeesaretrainedtodealwithemergencysituations.A．taughtB．requiredC．forbiddenD．advised4．Hewasdeterminedtobecomeaworld-classplayer.

A．resoluteB．firmC．competitiveD．detective5．Ittookthebuildersofthewatertowertwomonthstocompletethetask.A．finishB．refreshC．prohibitD．

separate6．Thereisamovementtowardsgreaterfreedominfashionstyles.A．incidentB．accidentC．affectionD．trend答案：1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.DⅡ.用所给词

的适当形式填空1．Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)2．Wedonatetotheschoolfundeveryye

ar.Thedonationisgiventothosewhosefamiliesarepoor.(donate)3．Betty'smainstrengthisherability(able)tokeepcalmnomatter

howurgentthesituationis.4．Knowingtheimportanceofmakingtherightchoice(choose),hehastoselectcarefully.5．Asaresult,hehas_promised(promise)

thattherelationshipbetweenhimandhisdevotedfanswillneverbreakup.6．Thehomingpigeonis_trained(train)oneitheroneortwoloc

ationsusingfoodandwaterrewards.7．Hishardworkanddetermination(determine)accountedforhissuccess.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivin

gtestnextweek.9．Icouldn'ttotally(total)agreewithhim,butwhathesaidwaspartlyreasonable.10．Hewassoabsorbed(absorb)incomputergamesthathedidn'trealizeh

ismotherhadcomehome.Ⅲ.选词填空flood，assume，unable，choose，moving，determination，expect，complete1．It'sreportedthatnearly24millionchildrenaroundthe

worldareunabletoattendschoolbecauseofconflict.2．Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,ifadaptedfortelevision,wouldbeahit.3．Iftimepermi

ts,Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.4．Thedininghalltobecompletednextmonthcanad

mit1,000students.5．Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.6．Whereunempl

oymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.7．TheenvironmentofHongKongissooutstandingthatitischosenas

oneoftheworld'smostlivablecities.8．Aswewerereturninghome,Iwasfloodedwithnewideas.Ⅳ.补全句子1．每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。Eve

rytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heis_absorbed_in_readingnewspapers.2．只要我们有热情追随梦想，最终我们一定会成功。As_long_aswehavetheenthusiasmtofollowourdr

eam,wearesuretosucceedeventually.3．虽然汤姆很固执，但他们决定说服他一起去旅行。ThoughTomwasstubborn,theydetermined_to_persuadehimtotraveltogether.4．令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。Tom

ygreatentertainment,hepromised_to_entertainustoicecream.5．你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。Yougot47pointsonthewrit

tenexaminationand18ontheoral,makinga_total_of65.真题精读·素养精练(十)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·C篇)Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproduc

emorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectiveway

togetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandE

nglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft10

0waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfi

rmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andapplied

ittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinC

urrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobre

akdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell，”sheexplains.“Thewaxworm

evolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvol

vedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefin

dsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymepr

oducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymet

obreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.

”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学发现：一种吃塑料的虫子——大蜡螟。它胃中的酶能够分解塑料，这为人们解决塑料污染问题提供了新的途径。43．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A．Theytakeplasticsa

stheireverydayfood.B．Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C．Theycanconsumeplastics.D．Theywindupinlandfills.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“foundthatt

hewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene”和第二句中的“thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligr

ams”可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡螟蠕虫可以分解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然也可以分解垃圾中的塑料，故选C。44．AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestu

dyisto__________.A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB．findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC．confirmtheresearchfindin

gsD．increasethebreakdownspeed解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Thenextstep...Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)？”可知，接下来人们需要证实的就是酶是从哪里

产生的。故选B。45．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight__________.A．helptoraisewormsB．helpmakeplasticbagsC．beusedtocleantheocean

sD．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialproc

ess—notsimply‘millionsofworms...’”可知，研究人员期望不仅仅能用大蜡螟蠕虫去清理塑料垃圾，也期望在某种工业流程中使用这种化学物质，故选D。46．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepa

ssage?A．Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B．Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D．Toproposenewmea

nstokeepeco-balance.解析：选C写作意图题。作者通过本文介绍了一项分解塑料垃圾的研究，显然是为人们提供了一种分解塑料垃圾的新途径。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意

思相近的正确选项1．Forafee,theywillappearinyourTVcommercial,_atyourcorporateentertainmentevent,marketingpromotion,weddingorprivatepa

rty.A．playB．newsC．advertisementD．shopping2．Don'tlose_heart—thereareplentyofotherjobs.A．besadB．bediscouragedC．regr

etD．apologize3．Itbecameapparentthatitisgoingtorain.A．obviousB．averageC．lastingD．effective4．Theydon'tallowpeopletofishinthelake.A．permitB．admi

tC．accomplishD．accompany5．Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.A．separatedB．relatedC．developedD．provided6．“Genius”isacomplicated

concept,involvingmanyfactors.A．takingpartinB．connectingC．includingD．waving答案：1.C2.B3.A4.A5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thereweremanydea

dfishfloatingintheriverbecauseoftheseriouspollution(pollute)．2．Themomentwe'velearnedthatanartexhibitionistobeheldandthatyou'recollectingsuggest

ions(suggest)onitslocation,weallcametolife.3．Ithasbeenconfirmed(confirm)thattheagreementistobesigned.4．We'llberesponsibleforyou

rsafety,butyouneedtotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.(responsible)5．ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehad_lost(lose)herkeys.

6．Apparently(apparent),theiPods,ifusedproperly,arehelpfultoourstudy,especiallytoourEnglishlistening.7．Havinggotin

volved(involve)inatheft,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.8．Littlejoycanequalthatofasurprising(surpr

ise)endingwhenyoureadstories.9．Itismorecomplicatedthanwepreviously(previous)thought.10．Youdon'tneedanidentity,_andallyouneedi

sproperidentificationsothattheguardscanidentifyyou.(identify)Ⅲ.选词填空pollute，suggest，accountfor，commercial，ataloss，allow，evolve，compari

son1．Hecouldnotaccount_forhisabsencefromschool,sotheteacherphonedhisparents.2．Tobehonest,I'mat_a_losshowto

solvethedifficultproblem.3．Notallofthemwereallowedtogothere.4．Comparisonmaymakesomethingappearmorebeauti

fulthanitiswhenseenalone.5．CommercialadvertisementisoneofthethingswehavetoputupwithwhenwatchingTV.6．

IfallvisitorstotheFairyLakeParkdoasthecoupledid,thelakewillbeseverelypollutedandsoonturnedintoahugedust

bin.7．Thethreespeciesevolvedfromasingleancestor.8．Thedoctorsaidhemusthaveworkedtoohard,suggestingthatheshouldcombineworkwithplea

sureandkeepbalancebetweenthem.Ⅳ.补全句子1．在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。TherearecertainfactorsImust_take_into_accountonmynewinvention.2．关于如何学好英语，我的老师给了我一些有用的建议。

Myteachergave_some_useful_suggestionstomeonhowtolearnEnglishwell.3．我不想牵涉到谁该受责备的争论中去。Idon'twanttobe_involved_insomeargumentabou

twhoistoblame.4．已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。It_has_been_confirmed_thatitisthemosteffectivetreatment.5．和逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事情而自豪。Compared_withtheescapeddriver,Iam

proudofwhatIdid.真题精读·素养精练(十一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·D篇)PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsTheposs

ibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow

.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforco

mpaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companie

shavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywher

eonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetrans

formationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkin

gabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemob

ilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowew

anttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-dr

ivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselveso

rsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpaying

forparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenien

ceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUnivers

ityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbone

missionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheape

rtravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofse

lf-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)．Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseast

hepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtom

akesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemw

ehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,

andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和

面临的问题。47．Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A．helpdealwithtransportation-

relatedproblemsB．providebetterservicestocustomersC．causedamagetoourenvironmentD．makesomepeoplelosejobs解析：选A细节理解题。根

据第二段第一句“Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety...offermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.”可知，人们对无人驾驶汽车的关

注点在于其安全性以及有助于减少交通拥堵等方面。故选A。48．Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?A．Safety.B．Sideeffects.C．Affordability.D．Management.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最

后一段第一句“Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabout...thecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.”并结合上文内容可知，作者希望政策的制定者要考虑这

些无人驾驶车辆的管理，不要扩大现有汽车管理运输系统中的最糟糕的方面，故选D。49．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Employed.B．Repla

ced.C．Shared.D．Reduced.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcer

tainly”并结合下句中“asthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶

车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。故选A。50．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C

．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.”可知，无人驾驶车辆的时代马上来到，准备好迎接它

的到来吧。由此推断作者对于这种新科技持积极乐观的态度。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Fredhadbeenhercompanionforthelastsixyearsofherlife.A．supporterB．enemyC．pu

blisherD．friend2．Yourbookismoreinterestingthanmine,anddoyouwanttochangeitwithme?A．exchangeB．chargeC．replaceD．help3．Theboydidnotknowwhetheryesterday's

paperwasanimaginationtoo.A．instructionB．educationC．fictionD．indifference4．Acircusshowentertainedchildren.

A．adoptedB．analyzedC．lockedD．amused5．Thedirectionsofurbandevelopmenthavebeenplanned.A．cityB．suburbanC．socialD．sociable答案：

1.D2.A3.C4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Noofficialpermission(permit)hasbeengivenfortheeventtotakeplace.2．LiMingwasmycompanionwhenIw

asyoung,andIenjoyedhiscompanyverymuch.Istillrememberthatheoftenaccompaniedmetogotothesupermarket.(accompany)3．Onerecentprediction(pr

edict)isthatwithinthenext50years,itwillbepossibletolinkthehumanbraindirectlywithacomputer.4．ArrivinginLon

don,shesuddenlyfellillbecauseshecouldn'tbearthechangeable(change)weather.5．Eatingproperlyandexercisingregularly(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthier

andlongerlife.6．Itseemsthatlivinggreenissurprisinglyeasyandaffordable(afford).Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.7．It'smuchbettertoimpressth

emwithyourimagination(imagine)bychoosingagiftthat'salittlebitdifferent.8．Iwillnottoleratethatsortofbehaviorinmyclassandnoone

willbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)9．ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcardsweredesignedforentertainment(entertain)andeducation.10．You

shouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakeanappointment(appoint)．Ⅲ.选词填空potential，debate，urban，regulate，imaginary，tolera

te，appoint，appealing1．Itissaidthatsometaxidriverspurposelyignorepassengers.Ithinkitreallyneedstoberegulated.2．Fictionreferstobooksandstorie

saboutimaginarypeopleandevents,ratherthanbooksaboutrealpeopleandevents.3．Recentlyasurveycomparingpricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermark

etshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.4．Inspring,thesceneonthetopofthehillissoappealingthatitisbeyondmywords.5．TheEXIT

signscouldnotbeseenclearly,whichpresentedpotentialsafetyproblems.6．Iwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingal

ltheactivitiesonthatday.7．Theparentsdidn'ttoleratetheirkids'rudenessattheparty,nordidtheyallowthemselvestobedisobeyed.8．Thecountrylifewewereu

sedtohaschanged.Thedifferencesbetweenruralandurbanareasaredisappearing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．他们彼此讨论环境保护和经济增长。Theydebated_with_each_other_ontheen

vironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.2．我们约定我们会再一起去那儿。Wemade_an_appointmentthatwecangotheretogetheragain.3．我们应该呼吁人们也要

拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。Weshouldappeal_to_people_to_savethingsthatthenatureofferstousaswell.4．她在她的电话簿上查询了他的号码，以

保证她得到正确的号码。Shelookeduphisnumberinherphonebooktomake_sure_thatshehadgottherightnumber.5．我感到很累，闭上眼睛，想象躺在充满阳光的沙滩上。Feelingtired,Iclose

dmyeyesandimagined_lying_on_a_beachinthesunshine.真题精读·素养精练(十二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·天津高考·D篇)Giveyours

elfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisass

harpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.

Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweres

harptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewstimulation(刺激)，newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple，althoughittakesp

racticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeel

beforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocro

ssamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealm

ostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawareness

istheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides

,andsaid,a“ruby-crownedkinglet”andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepress

uresof“time”and“destination”arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-g

roundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dsee

n.“Oh,afewbirds，”theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait

.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenan

ewdimensiontoyourlife.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。跟儿童相比，成年人的观察能力有所退化。那究竟是什么阻碍了我们重新学习观察周围世界的呢？作者给出了答案并告诉我们应该学会感受和观察大自然，开启生活的新层面。51．Acc

ordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore__________.A．anxioustodowondersB．sensitivetoothers'feelingsC．likelytodevelopunpleasant

habitsD．eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.(我们大多数人在孩提时代比

成人后观察得更多。)”可知，孩子们更渴望探索他们周围的世界，故答案为D。52．WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A．Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B．Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C．To

followtheteacher'sadvice.D．Toadmitmistakeshonestly.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段中作者讲述了自己的一次经历——作者告诉学生们，他们要徒步旅行穿过山里的一条小溪，学生们就开

始抱怨水太冷，不愿意往前走，但实际上这条小溪很浅，而且是温泉。作者想借此经历告诉我们不要匆忙下结论，故答案为A。jumptoconclusions“匆忙下结论；贸然断定”。53．Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey_____

___.A．areverypatientintheirobservationB．arereallyfascinatedbynatureC．careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD．questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides解析：选C细节

理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知本段讲的是人们痴迷于给事物命名，这阻碍了我们对世界的认知。观鸟者看到一只鸟，知道它的名字后就不再去注意它，也不再去了解它正在做什么。这表明他们只关心鸟的名字，故答案为C。54．Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurr

oundingsduringthejourney?A．Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.B．Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C．Th

eforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D．Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句可知，“时间”和“目的地”的压力阻挡

了人们对大自然的感知，因为急着按时赶到目的地，人们无暇顾及沿途的风景，故答案为B。55．Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.A．filloursensestofeelthe

wondersoftheworldB．getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC．openourmindtonewthingsandideasD．tryourbesttoprotectnature解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“t

akeinallthesights,soundsandsensations”可知，作者建议我们下次散步时，不管在哪里，都应该欣赏周围的风景，聆听周边的声音，好好感受我们周围的世界，故答案为A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．He

hasnotroubleinwritingthatcomposition.A．needB．difficultyC．chanceD．use2．Iobservedsomethingunusualandcalledthe

police.A．noticedB．approachedC．defendedD．delayed3．MadagascaristhemostfascinatingplaceIhaveeverbeento.A．attractiveB．ridiculousC．fas

hionableD．fantastic4．Hehadbeenbeatensenseless.A．unconsciousB．unhappyC．unfairD．unfinished5．Noonehassuggestedhowthismightoccur.A．caterB．

injureC．happenD．strike6．Ispottedhiminthecrowd.A．warnedB．disturbedC．discoveredD．interrupted答案：1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Iamnow

writingtomakeacomplaint(complain)againsttheserviceofyourhotel.2．Shouldthepresentunemploymentcontinue,thesocietywouldfaceamoretroubl

esome(trouble)situation.3．Hehasbeenobservingthesituationofthatregionforalongtime,sohisobservationisbelievable.(observe)4．Withthefamouspyrami

ds,varioustemplesandsomefascinating(fascinate)museums,Cairoisafantasticchoiceifyoucancometothecity.5．ThosewhoenjoySich

uancuisinesaythattheynotonlyenjoythetastebutalsowanttosatisfytheircuriosity(curious)．6．Asisoftenthecaseinnature

,someplantsaresosensitive(sense)totemperaturethattheycanonlysurviveincoolplaces.7．Notallarewillingto_do(do)suchwork,foritisquiteha

rdforsomeofthem.8．Lucywas_admitted(admit)toBeijingUniversity,whileIhadnosuchluck.Ⅲ.选词填空spot，wonderful，curious，complain，unwilling，admit，pressure，di

stance1．Itseemedthatshewasangrywithme,andthereforeIwascurioustoknowwhathadhappened.2．Theyareunwillingtoinvest

anymoremoneyintheprojectbecauseoftherisk.3．Withgrowingpressuresbeingputonfriendshipthesedays,it'simportanttomaketimeforourfriendship.4．Som

estudentscomplainthattheyareloadedwithtoomuchhomework.5．Therailwaystationisatadistanceoftwomilesawayfromourschool.6．Theviewfromthetopo

fthetowerwaswonderful.7．Twoyearsago,Iwasadmittedtoahighschool.8．ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupfor

lostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我突然想起来，你煮的面条味道还真不错！It_occurred_to_me_thatthenoodlesyoucookedtastedgood.2．他三天没睡觉了

，难怪他疲惫不堪。Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.No_wonderthatheistiredout.3．美国的高中生生活是一个不错的选择，因为中国的学生对美国学生的学校生活非常好奇。ThelifeofAmericanhighschools

tudentsisagoodchoicebecauseChinesestudentsare_curious_abouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.4．我们没时间进行体育活动、听音乐，更

不用说电影、电视节目了。Wedon'thavetimeforsports,evenmusic,not_to_mentionfilmsandTVprograms.5．她常常抱怨说在工作上得不到赏识。Sheoftencomplain

s_about/ofnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.真题精读·素养精练(十三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇)Pac

ificScienceCenterGuide◆VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStoreDon'tforgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'sStorewhileyouareheretopic

kupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.◆Hun

gry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontose

asonalspecials.ThecaféislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourbeforePacificScienceCentercloses

.◆RentalInformationLockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuilding1neartheIn

formationDeskandinBuilding3.PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired

.◆SupportPacificScienceCenterSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandte

chnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassrooms

andcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgenerouss

upportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScie

nceCenter.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章为游客提供了去太平洋科学中心的一些参观指南，并鼓励游客为该中心的发展捐款。21．WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScience

Center?A．InBuilding1.B．InBuilding3.C．AttheLaserDome.D．AttheDennyWayentrance.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“...orsouv

enirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome”可知，纪念品商店坐落于3号楼，故选B。22．WhatdoesPa

cificScienceCenterdoforschools?A．Trainscienceteachers.B．Distributesciencebooks.C．Inspirescientificresearch.D．Takesciencetotheclassroom.解析：选

D细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandc

ommunityevents”可知，太平洋科学中心把科学教育带入课堂，故选D。23．Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A．Toencouragedonation

s.B．Toadvertisecomingevents.C．Tointroducespecialexhibits.D．TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.解析：选A写作意图题。根据最后一部分的标题“SupportPacificScienceCente

r”和“Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.”可知，该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，也就是捐款。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再

复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hisapartmentisinareallygoodlocation.A．centerB．souvenirC．positionD．community2．AvisittotheWestLakeisan_unforgettableexp

erience.A．animpressiveB．agratefulC．ameaningfulD．agenerous3．HelivedinParisfor3months,duringwhichhepicked_upsomeFrench.A．mindedB．le

arnedC．inspiredD．rented4．Ihavenooptionbuttogo.A．operationB．educationC．snackD．choice5．In_addition_tothenamesonthelist,therearesi

xotherapplicants.A．DuringB．ExceptC．BesidesD．Becauseof6．Wilsonhasachievedconsiderablesuccessasanartist.A．amazedB．completedC．accompli

shedD．required答案：1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itisimportanttohaveasenseofbelonging(belong)．2．Sheisapassionate(passion)supporterofwomen'srights

.3．Youmustbeveryproudofyourachievement(s)(achieve)．4．Somebirdsmigrateseasonally(seasonal)．5．Sheneveragreedtothepublicexhi

bition(exhibit)ofhersculptureswhileshewasstillalive.6．Ihungpostersinmylocker(lock),andfinallyfeltlikeIwasathome.7．Wecan'tgoalongthat

roadbecausethesignsays“NoEntry(entrance)”．8．Additionally(addition),therearegreatworksfromaroundtheworld,which,Ithink,willcertainlyat

tractvisitors'eyes.Ⅲ.选词填空forgettable，locate，inadditionto，lock，belongto，enter，passionate，achieve1．Hec

ouldn'thave_achievedhisambitionifithadn'tbeenforyourhelp.2．Telltheotherpeoplesomethingyouarepassionateaboutandwhy.3．In_addition_tobeingb

eautiful,thegirlishard-working.4．Thelittlebabyhasbeenlockedinthecarfor10minutes.5．Gu'anCounty,locatedinthesouthofBeijing,is

alovelyplace.6．Idon'twanttobejustanotherforgettableactorinamovie.7．China,belonging_todevelopingcountries,hasac

hievedgreatlyinenvironmentalprotection.8．SilencefellasIenteredtheroom.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我想知道你是否能去机场接他。Iamwonderingwhetheryoucanpick_him_u

pattheairport.2．此外，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。In_addition,_bydoingthepart-timejobIcangetsomepreci

ousexperiencesothatIcanbetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.3．钓鱼岛是中国的领土，这是不言而喻的。Itgoeswithoutsaying

thattheDiaoyuIslandsbelong_toChina.4．正当他在研究改进望远镜的方法的时候，牛顿做出了彻底改变人们对颜色的理解的发现。Whilehewasinvestigatingwayst

oimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade_a_discoverywhichcompletelychangedman'sunderstandingofcolour.5．只有以正确的方式处理

和克服大量的困难，我们才会实现梦想。Onlyifwedealwithandovercomelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectway,willweachieve_our_dreams.真题精读·素养精练(十四)训练日期：____月__

__日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBai

leyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybe

autiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isaw

a2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputi

tback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranches

intothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywer

eabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourch

icktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthes

piritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyand

active.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprob

ablycontinuetodoso.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一个野生动物救助和教育机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的经历。24．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworkacc

ordingtoparagraph1?A．Effortsmadeinvain.B．Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C．Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.D．Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.解析：选A推理判断题。根据

第一段的“Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，

因为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。也就是说，救助野生动物的努力可能会白费，因此答案为A。25．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A．Torescueawoman.B．Totake

careofawoman.C．Tolookatababyowl.D．Tocureayoungowl.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)．..a2-to

3-week-oldowl.”可知，这位女士给作者打求助电话是为了让他来看一看这只猫头鹰雏鸟。26．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A．Anewnest.B．Somefood.C．Arecording.D．Itsparents

.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的“Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable...itquicklycalmeddown

.”可知，作者做的鸟巢非常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。27．Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A．It'sunexpecte

d.B．It'sbeautiful.C．It'shumorous.D．It'sdiscouraging.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食；再结合第一段最后一句“

However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.”可判断，作者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Coalhasbeendisplacedbyn

aturalgasasamajorsourceofenergy.A．respondedB．takenplaceC．placedD．replaced2．Hehasaverybeautifulvoice.A．possibleB．attractiveC．socialD．certa

in3．Whattimedoestheplanearrive_inNewYork?A．gettoB．reachforC．rescueD．continue4．Hewasathoughtfulfellow,gentleande

ncouraging.A．injuredB．inspiringC．considerateD．careful答案：1.D2.B3.A4.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．He'sthepresidentofalargeinternationalorganization(organize

)．2．Nothingintheworldcanreplace(place)persistence(坚持)!3．Heplantedsomeflowerstobeautify(beauty)thegarden.4．Lindacalledmeonherarrival(arr

ive)sothatIwouldknowshewassafeandsound.5．Turnoffthewatersupplybeforecarrying(carry)outrepairs.6．We'rekeepingyou

hereforyourownsafety(safe)．7．Thestudentsshouldtakeanactive(act)partinallkindsofusefulactivities.8．Sheearnsenoughmoneytolivecomfortably(comfortabl

e)．9．Hiscalmness(calm)madehimsaveallthepassengersonboard.10．Bytakingpartintheseactivities(activity),stu

dentsshowtheirspecialtalents.Ⅲ.选词填空active，encourage，carry，safely，calm，absence，hunger，advertise1．Toourrelief,uptonowtheinjured

inthecrashhavebeencarriedtothenearbyhospital.2．Theheavyrainmayhaveaccountedfortheabsenceofsomanystudentsthismorning.3．Iwouldl

iketoapplyforthepositionadvertisedinyesterday'snewspaper.4．InsomepoorAfricanareas,manychildrendieofhungereveryyear.

5．Ifailedagain,butmyparentsencouragedmeandtoldmethatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.6．Finally,herflightlandedontheairportsafely.7．Itisver

yimportanttokeepcalmwhenanearthquakebreaksout.8．Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealth,whichisequaltophysicalhealt

h.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这些新设备将代替那些旧的。Thesenewfacilitieswilldisplace/replace_the_old_ones.2．令人吃惊的是，一间旧房子竟然被重新建得这么美。It'sam

azingthatanoldhouseshould_have_been_rebuilt_so_beautifully.3．这位47岁的男子在到达北墨西哥的一所医院时就被宣告死亡。The47-year-oldmanwaspronounceddeadon_arrivalatahospitalinno

rthernMexico.4．我们可以绝对安全地观看狮子。Weareabletowatchthelionsin_complete_safety.5．让她很不自在的是，他问了她许多尴尬的问题。To_her_discomfort,_heaskedhermanyembarrassin

gquestions.真题精读·素养精练(十五)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrl

eanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraisea

warenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,in

theU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMora

n'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,maket

hemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporte

rNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteany

more.It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusi

ccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthe

same，”saysMoran.Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindt

hatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'stherecontextualization.Inmusic,where

doestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecor

dgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues

.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”语篇解读：本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑战以及如何让爵士乐重新流行的设想。28．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Toremembe

rthebirthofjazz.B．Toprotectculturaldiversity.C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz.解析：选D

细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmus

ic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价

值的认识，故答案为D。29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgr

owingfaster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.解析：选C代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词that指代上

段“Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.”的内容，即爵

士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。30．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually.B．Itremainsblackandwhit

e.C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D．Itchangesevery50years.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段的内容尤其是“Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnott

hesame”可知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才能吸引更多的听众。31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRis

eandFallofJazzC．TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay解析：选A标题归纳题。本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤

其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作本文标题最佳。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Withannualrainfallclosetozero,Antarcticistechn

icallyadesert.A．dailyB．monthlyC．yearlyD．weekly2．I'dliketoworkabroadtowidenmyhorizons.A．strengthenB．broadenC．lengthenD．deepen3．Healthproblemscanb

esignificantlyreducedbycarefuldiet.A．greatlyB．anymoreC．officiallyD．formally4．Themedicineworksonhimwell.A．leavesB．laborsC．operatesD．functions

5．Ithinkthatyou'llfindshe'sveryaccessible.A．approachableB．considerableC．understandableD．acceptable答案：1.C2.B3.A4.D

5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thejazzfestivalisheldannually(annual)inJuly.2．Hernovelshavegainedinpopularity(popular)overrecentyears

.3．Sheprovidedemotional(emotion)supportataverysorrowfultimeforme.4．Theaimofthepolicyisthepreservation(preserve)ofpeace.5．Thereareal

otofdocumentsnotaccessible(access)tothepublic.6．It'saboutsixmetersinwidth(wide)．7．Thetrueartist(art)letsnothinggetbe

tweenhimselfandhiswork.8．Teachingmaterialsneedtobeculturally(culture)appropriate.9．Methodsusedbyyoungerteachersdiffersignificantly(significance)f

romthoseusedbyolderones.10．Heisatalentedyoungmusician(music)．Ⅲ.选词填空musician，annually，significance，artistic，wide，accessible，preserve，emo

tional1．TheSpringFestivaliscelebratedannuallyinChina.2．Asweallknow,Beethovenisagreatmusician.3．Weattachednosignificance

tohisstatement.4．Theyareverylikelytohaveartistictalent,oratleasttohavegreatinterestinart,architecture,anddesign.5．Theisl

andisonlyaccessiblebyboat.6．Theyusuallypreservemeatbyputtingitintoice.7．Hisreadingisofverywiderange.8．Allofushavefeel

ingsandemotionalreactionstocertainthingsinlife.Ⅳ.补全句子1．学生除了学习之外，还需要有时间放松和参加文化活动。Studentsneedtohavetimeforrelaxationandcultural_act

ivities,_aswellasforacademicwork.2．乡村音乐越来越流行了。Countrymusicisgrowingin_popularity.3．安患了抑郁症，还遇到一些其他的情感问题。Annsufferedfromdepressionanda

numberofotheremotional_problems.4．我们通常在从事能做到最好的工作时感受到更快乐和更有动力。Weusuallyfeelmorepleasureandmotivationtowork_onwhatwecandobest.5．敌人企图使历史倒退。他们注定会失败。T

heenemiesattempttoput_backtheclockofhistory.Theyareboundtofail.真题精读·素养精练(十六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)IfirstmetPaul

Newmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedso

mebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.Thefriendshiptha

tgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughthere

wasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintot

hecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggr

essive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyo

u'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman'sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,

andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustog

ether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospit

al.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.语篇

解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，他们虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。24．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestud

iopowersdidn'tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn'tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenthestudiodidn'twantmefor

thefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.”可知，电影公司起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。故选C项。25．WhydidP

aulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheater.C．Theywerebothgoodactors.D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.解析

：选D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.Bothofushadthequalitiesandvir

tuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。26．Whatdoestheunderlined

word“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Theirbelief.B．Theircareforchildren.C．Theirsuccess.D．Theirsupportforea

chother.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingba

ck”可知，尽管我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。27．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.B．Torememberafriend.C．Tointroduceane

wmovie.D．Tosharehisactingexperience.解析：选B写作目的题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968”以及最后一段中的“Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.”可知，该篇文

章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hedidn'tshowhiswifeanyaffectionontheirweddinganniversary.A．angerB．funC．loveD．effect2．

Shewasseriouslywoundedinthewar.A．badlyB．financiallyC．slightlyD．suddenly3．Lifeisnofunwithoutacompaniontoshareitwith.A．laughterB．mon

eyC．sadnessD．pleasure4．Thegreatvirtueofcampingisthatitischeap.A．advantageB．characterC．consequenceD．shortcoming答案：1.C2.A3.D4.AⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正

确形式填空1．Itwasinthesestudios(studio)thatyoungpaintersfoundthesupportandstimulating(刺激性的)competitionofpeers.2

．WhentheygottoMontana,theyputdownrootsandbuiltalife.3．Fortunatelyforme,myfriendsawthatsomethingwasser

iously(serious)wrong.4．“Whatdoyouwant？”hedemandedaggressively(aggressive)．5．Maryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatypical(type)bask

etballplayer.6．Hetoldussofunny(fun)storiesthatwealllaughed.7．Hehadwonthegamebyvirtueofhisstrengthofwill.8．Weweredeeplyaffected(affect)bythenewsofhe

rdeath.Ⅲ.选词填空financial，take...seriously，haveaffectionfor，makefunof，aggressive，betypicalof，byvirtueof，beofgoodquality，focusone'sattentionon，root1

．“Donotmake_fun_ofthedisabled，”saidthegentleman.2．Themanistryingtotrainhisdogtobemoreaggressive.3．Doyouknowaboutthefinancialconditi

onofthecompany?4．Youshouldn'ttakewhathesaidseriously.5．Theloveofmoneyistherootofallevil.6．Hegotthejobby_virtue_ofhisgreaterexperie

nce.7．Hewaslateagain.Itis_typical_ofhimtokeepeverybodywaiting.8．Youshouldbuythiscoat.Itis_of_good_qualitya

ndwellworththeprice.9．MywifeDeborahandIwillalwayshave_affection_forourlovelyson.10．Theaudiencefocused_their_attention_onthespeaker.Ⅳ.补全句子1．大约五亿四

千万人受二手烟的影响，每年造成10万人死亡。Around540millionpeopleare_affected_bysecond-handsmoke,whichcauses100,000deathsperyear.2．有那么多人在盯

着他，他感到很紧张。Withsomanypeoplefocusing_their_eyes_onhim,hefeltverynervous.3．别太当真，她只是想跟你开个玩笑。Don'ttake_it_seriously;_shejus

twantstoplayatrickonyou.4．她这个人就是爱忘事。Itis_typical_ofhertoforgetwhattodo.5．夏天在海里游泳是多么有趣啊！What_fun_it_istos

wimintheseainsummer!真题精读·素养精练(十七)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascomplet

editsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwh

eelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhouronthe

roadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputd

owna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransiti

ontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.An

ditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1

930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarar

eality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransition

isnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisio

nfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerw

ouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindr

elativelyeasytomeet.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。28．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicdataoftheTransition

.B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D．ThedesignersoftheTransition.解析：选A段落大意题。第一段的第二句“Thevehicle...like

acar.”介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍了它的空中飞行速度、路地行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。29．WhyistheTransitionunli

kelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A．Itcausestrafficjams.B．Itisdifficulttooperate.C．Itisveryexpensive.D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第

二段中的“Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.”可知，该飞行汽车是非常贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在车道上。故选C项。30．Whatisthegovernment's

attitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A．Cautious.B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Thegovernmenthasalreadyp

ermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.”可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。31．Whatisthebes

ttitleforthetext?A．FlyingCaratAutoShowB．TheTransition'sFirstFlightC．Pilots'DreamComingTrueD．FlyingCarClosertoReality解析：选D标题归纳题。根据全文内

容，尤其是第一段中的“TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyc

losertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.”可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近

的正确选项1．Watchoutforoncomingvehicles.A．passers-byB．trafficC．accidentsD．inventions2．Thedecisionofwhatnameweshouldadoptfortheclubtookaverylongtime.A．dete

rminationB．decorationC．embarrassmentD．discussion3．Successinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionofsuccessinlife.A．exampleB．resultC．standardD．dep

osit4．Hedepositedthebooksonthedeskandlefttheclassroom.A．putB．toreupC．cutupD．gaveup5．Theyarebusyattachingalabeltoeachpieceo

fluggage.A．writingB．seekingC．stickingD．painting答案：1.B2.A3.C4.A5.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Idon'tthinkhisdecision(decide)iswisein

reality.2．Theywouldbefarbetteroff,materially(material)andemotionally,iftheyallpulledtogether.3．Therewasaneatlyfolded(fold)pinkswe

ateronthebackofthechair.4．Duringourfirstwinterhere,wespentmorethan336dollarson828gallons(gallon)offueloil.5．Hewasaninventorwhoinvented(invent)adevice

toletpeoplebreatheunderwater.6．In1995,acommitteewassetuptostandardize(standard)theTibetanlanguageandnormalizesocialterms.7．Firstly,Ifeel

thatIamcompetenttomeetyourrequirements(require)．8．Ihatelisteningtohim;heneversticks(stick)tothepoint.Ⅲ.选词填空decide，beuptostanda

rd，federal，material，invention，fold，deposit，stick，trafficjam，gallon1．Hehasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.2．Coca-Col

awasalreadysellingamilliongallonsperyearbythetimePepsicametobe.3．TheshoppromisedtokeepthegoodsformeifIpaidadeposit.4．Unlessyourdi

vingequipmentis_up_to_standard,_donotuseit.5．Wewerestuckinatraffic_jamonourwaytotheairport.Asaresult,wemissedtheea

rliestflight.6．GlobalcommunicationwastransformedbytheinventionoftheInternet.7．Onlywhenagricultureisfullydevelopedc

anindustryhavesufficientmaterialsandmarkets.8．They'rereadytocutthefederalbudgetdeficit(亏损)forthenextye

ar.9．Afterreadingitforhalfanhour,themanfoldedthenewspaperupandputitinhispocket.10．Hestuckastampontheenvelopandputitinthemailbox.Ⅳ.补全句

子1．你能把花园里的椅子折叠起来放入储藏室去吗？Wouldyoufold_upthegardenchairsandputtheminthestoreroom?2．我们决不能放弃梦想，只有我们坚持自己的梦想，才能够克服各种挑战。Onnoconditioncanwegiveupourdr

eams;onlyifwecanstick_to_our_dreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.3．信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。Believeitornot,thereisnosu

chthingasstandard_English.4．随着经济的发展，私家车越来越多，交通拥堵变得越来越严重。Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,therearemoreandmoreprivatecarsandtraffic_jamsaregetting

heavierandheavier.5．我到了应该自己做出人生抉择的时刻。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomake_decisionsofmyown.

真题精读·素养精练(十八)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·D篇)Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twos

cientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmelltha

tneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpt

hroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.Scientistshavefoundthatallkinds

ofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening？Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsrea

ct.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattra

ctdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecom

eslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,rel

ativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientis

tsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjustha

ppenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworld

farbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物在受到昆虫的攻击时是如何进

行自我保护的，同时引出世界比我们人类想象的要复杂得多这一观点。32．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsq

uietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparti

cularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplant”可知，当植物受到攻击时，它会产生一些化学物质。故选D项。33．Wha

tdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．

Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.解析：选A句意理解题。根据第三段中画线部分后面的“Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.”可

知，正吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐，也就是攻击者被攻击了。故选A项。34．Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstin

sectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighborswhennecessary解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemic

alstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.”可知，植物能保护自己抵抗昆虫。故选B项。35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfastertha

never.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremore

imaginative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.”可推知，世界比它显现出

来的更加复杂。故选C项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．ButthesearenotJane'sfeelings;sheisnotactingby_design.A．quietlyB．intent

ionallyC．effectivelyD．organically2．Forme,Kunmingisatinybutconvenientcity.It'snot_noisy.A．quietB．smallC

．popularD．crowded3．Farmershavealwayshadaparticularinterestintheweatherbecauseithasaneffectontheirworkandtheirprodu

ctsoftheirworkatallstages.A．influenceB．treatmentC．pressureD．urge4．ThereweretwolemontreesandIpausedtoenjo

ytheirperfume.A．blossomsB．fragranceC．shadeD．branches答案：1.B2.A3.A4.BⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Youareabsolutelycorrect.Theleaves(le

af)arefromamapletree.2．Icanbringmypicnicmatsowedon'tgetbitten(bite)byants.3．Atfirstglance,organic(organ)farmin

glooksmuchmoreexpensiveforthefarmer.4．Whenwewalkedalonethestreet,wefoundtheairwassmelly(smell)andwentback

home.5．TheUnitedStatesofAmericaiscalledUSAforshort.6．Thisaccidentmayhavebeencausedbyanintentional(intention)criminalact.7．Ihadtomakeimportantdecis

ionsthatwouldaffect(effect)mefortherestofmylife.8．Aftergraduatingfromakeyuniversity,hetookuphisjobasanindustrialdesigner(design)．9．Themarketp

lacewasjammedwithanoisy(noise)crowdofbuyersandsellers.Ⅲ.选词填空giveout，sendout，pump，organic，beshortof，noisy，i

ntention，haveaneffecton，bydesign，smelly1．Theship'sradiosent_outsignalsforhelp.2．Themothergotangryassoonasshesawthesedirtyandsmelly

clothes.3．Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.4．Lifeinthevillageistooprimitiveforme;ifyouwantanywateryouhavetop

umpitupfromawell.5．Theatmosphereofyourclassroomcanhave_an_effect_ontheattitudeofyourstudents.6．Booksrangefromlearninglang

uagestocomputerscience,fromorganicchemistrytolaw.7．Don'tbesonoisy!Thechildrenareasleepinthebedroomnow.8．Ihavenointentionofcomi

ngtothisterribleplaceagain!9．Jimmyhithislittlebrotherintheeye,buthedidn'tdoitby_design.10．Imuststopabit.Iam_short_ofbreath.Ⅳ.补全句子1．老师要求孩子们在上课

时不要发出任何噪声。Theteacheraskedthechildrennottomake_any_noiseinclass.2．学生们正在街上向大家分发传单。Studentsaregiving_outleafletstoeveryoneonthestreet.3．总之，条条道路通罗马，

我坚信努力总会有回报。In_short,_everyroadleadstoRome,andIdobelievehardworkpaysoff.4．你认为他没出现是偶然地还是故意地？Doyouthinkthathed

idn'tturnupbyaccidentorby_design?5．想一想给你带来最深刻影响的电影、书籍、老师及朋友。Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathave_an_effe

ct_onyoumostdeeply.真题精读·素养精练(十九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayattheP

lazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweepinguppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75-yearhistory.This

time,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovings

eatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send.ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Though

themovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethe

moviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown.Bradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersint

hecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.Headdedthatthetheater'slocation(位置)wasalsoareason.“Thisusedtobethecenteroftown，”hesaid.“N

owtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses.”Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturni

ngtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.Bradfordsoldthebuilding

andlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.Thethe

ateraudiencesaidgood-byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhadshownitslastmovie.Thetheaterwillbemissed.

语篇解读：本文讲述的是拥有75年历史的广场剧院在放映完最后一部电影后即将关闭以及观众对它的不舍之情。24．Inwhatwaywasyesterday'scleanupatthePlazaspecial?A．Itmaderoomfornewequipment.B．Itsignaledthe

closedownofthetheater.C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.D．Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Aso

negroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish，anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'sen

d.”可推断出，工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭作准备，这是这次清扫工作特别的地方。故选B。25．WhywasTheLastPictureShowputon?A．Itwasanall-tim

eclassic.B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C．Theaudiencerequestedit.D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBr

adfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.”可知，剧院的老板选定了TheLastPictureShow这部电影，是因为他认为这部电影很适合。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suit

able”都表示“合适的”。故选D。26．Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?A．Itwillberepaired.B．Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum.C．Itwillbeknocked

down.D．Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。27．Whatcan

weinferabouttheaudience?A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.C．Theyaresupportiveoft

hecityofficials.D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Thoughthemovieis30yearsold，mostofthe250seatswerefilledwi

thteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.”可知，观众含泪观看最后一部电影，想向剧院告别；再结合最后一段最后一句“Thetheaterwillbemissed.

”可以推断出观众对剧院恋恋不舍，与剧院告别让他们感到很悲伤。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．HeisanemployeeofFujiBank.A．crewB．colleagueC．b

ossD．staffmember2．Herbrightclotheswerenotappropriateforafuneral.A．remarkableB．automaticC．suitableD．casual3．Chestpainscanbeawarningsignalofhea

rtproblems.A．indicationB．markC．explanationD．knowledge4．Thetruckswaitedatthewarehousetopickuptheirloads.A．wor

khouseB．storehouseC．basementD．garage5．ThewholefamilygatheredtogetheratRay'shome.A．joinedB．assembledC．dismissedD．departed答

案：1.D2.C3.A4.B5.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Shestressedtheimportanceofcarefulpreparations(prepare)．2．Thereisintensecompetition

(compete)nowbetweenschoolstoattractstudents.3．We'remostly(most)outonSundays.4．Sheisstillfinancially(financial)dependentonherpar

ents.5．Shesignaled(signal)thatitwastimetoleave.6．Thesetting(set)ofthestoryisahotelinParisduringthewar.7．Somehighofficials(office)fr

omtheStateCouncilwillcometovisitourcity.8．Tiredastheyare,therescuersarestillinsearchofthemissing(miss)peopleint

heflashfloods.Ⅲ.选词填空abandon，prepare，remove，mostly，end，financial，anniversary，local，appropriate，compete1．Theweatherhasbeenmostlyw

arminourcity.2．TokyoandNewYorkaremajorfinancialcentres.3．Theydecidedtoendtheirrelationshipbecauseofsomequarrels.4．Thecollegepr

eparesstudentsforacareerinbusiness.5．Weshouldtakeappropriatemeasurestoimproveourlearningefficiency.6．Schoolsshouldnotcompetewitheachotheroratt

empttopoach(窃取)pupils.7．Heremovedhishandfromhershoulder.8．Everyevening,thelocalpeoplewalkaroundthepark.9．Thestudyshowed

adeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeingabandonedtothecareofstrangers.10．Theycelebratetheirweddinganniversaryannually.

Ⅳ.补全句子1．这个国家正为改革做准备。Thecountryis_making_preparationsforreform.2．在他们十周年结婚纪念日，他给她买了一枚钻戒。Heboughtheradiamondringontheir_tenth_wedding

_anniversary.3．她是一名财政专家。Sheisan_expert_in_finance.4．他对我们示意去跟随他。Hesignaled_to_ustofollowhim.5．当地方言很难懂。Itwasd

ifficulttounderstandthe_local_dialect.真题精读·素养精练(二十)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)Afterye

arsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtot

hepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuc

hofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpractica

llydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhum

ansaround.Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations—majorfoodsources(来源)forthewolf

—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopul

ationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'sredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark'sbeavers.Asearlyas1966,b

iologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletoco

ntroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30year

scomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedeba

tecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacomeb

ack.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpart

softhecountryaswell.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在争议了几年之后黄石国家公园终于把灰狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内的生态平衡。28．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WildliferesearchintheUn

itedStates.B．PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.C．Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.D．ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全

文可知，本文主要谈了将灰狼重新引入黄石国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选D。29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean?A．Tested.B．Sepa

rated.C．Forcedout.D．Trackeddown.解析：选C词义猜测题。由第二段第一句话可知，曾经在黄石公园里到处都能看见灰狼，下文提到但后来由于人类的发展灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了，因此可以推出，displaced意为“被迫离开”，故选C。3

0．Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A．Damagetolocalecology.B．Adeclineinthepark'sincome.C．Preservatio

nofvegetation.D．Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速增长，消耗了大量的植被，减少了植物种类，同时丛林狼的数量增多，园内很多的红狐被猎杀，而河狸也被赶出了公园，由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的

生态环境产生了损害。故选A。31．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．

Uncaring.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“avaluableexperiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．We'reinterestedi

nthesourceofthesenews.A．reasonB．developmentC．originD．spread2．Vegetationpatternschangedwhengoatswereintro

ducedtotheisland.A．broughtB．transportedC．presentedD．shown3．Theunexpectednewsknockedhimback.A．excitingB．unbelievableC．shockin

gD．unforeseen4．Allweneedtodoisproducingmore,consumingless,orboth.A．eatingB．wastingC．harmingD．destroying5．Thereisaneedforgreaterdiversityandchoic

eineducation.A．varietyB．optionC．opportunityD．access答案：1.C2.A3.D4.B5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Health-consciousconsumers

(consume)wantmoreinformationaboutthefoodtheybuy.2．PricesareoftenhigherinHawaiithaninthecontinental(continent)UnitedStates.

3．Wehopetoshowourdiversity(diverse)andourrighttochoose.4．Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence(absent),whichmademeveryannoyed.5．Theweathergradually(gra

dual)improved.6．Historiansuseawiderangeofprimaryandsecondarysources(source)fortheirresearch.Ⅲ.选词填空vegetation，consumption，reintroduce，dive

rse，expect，comeback，biology，resource，comeup，oppose1．Itisreportedthatwaterconsumptiondecreasedduringthewinter.2．Indiaha

salwaysbeenoneofthemostreligiouslydiversecountries.3．Iexpecttoseemyunclewhohasbeenabroadforyears.4．Wehaven'tmetforalongtime,soletmereintroducemyse

lf.5．Wemustmakethemostefficientuseoftheavailablefinancialresources.6．Thequestionisboundtocome_upatthemeeting.7．Helostthelastel

ectionbuthopestomakeacomebacknexttime.8．Howfarishumannaturedeterminedbybiology?9．Ourancestorswouldhavedependedont

hewaterandvegetationthatgrewaroundthelake.10．Shouldweopposethepresidentorjustnotsupportthepresident?Ⅳ.补全句子1．蒂姆，

让我把你介绍给我叔叔的秘书玛丽·沃勒吧。Tim,letmeintroduce_you_tomyuncle'ssecretary,MaryWaller.2．不要对他期望太大。Donotexpect_too_muchofhim.3．乔第二天一整天都不在家。Joewas_absent_fromthe

houseallthenextday.4．她想出了增加销售量的一个新方法。Shecame_up_withanewideaforincreasingsales.5．他似乎没有注意到我在场。Hehardlyseemedtonotice_my_pres

ence.