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真题精读·素养精练(一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeve

rymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney

:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamily

aday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJa

ck,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant，”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemf

or26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Thee

ight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadv

iceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpens

e,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousin

spirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。《早安英国》的节目主

持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目——SaveMoney：GoodFood，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。24．WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A．Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B．Shehasstartedanewprogr

amme.C．Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D．Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“she

iscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget”可知，苏珊娜·瑞德在她的最新角色

中起劲地烹饪——向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，由此可知，这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目。25．HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A．Hebuyscookin

gmaterialsforher.B．Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C．Heassistsherincookingmatters.D．Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“withthehelpofchefMa

ttTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste”可知，苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议，也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。26．Whatdoesth

eauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C．Addsome

backgroundinformation.D．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一节目是仿照了SaveMoney：GoodHealth的风格，为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中

获取有价值的建议，因此本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB．BalancingOurDailyDietC．MakingYourselfaP

erfectChefD．CookingWellforLess解析：选D标题归纳题。全文介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一档电视节目，旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，因此D项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.

选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Afewofmyteachersofferextrahelpafterclass.A．giveB．affordC．achieveD．add2．Lookingthroughthen

ewspaperseveryday,weare_used_toreadingterrifyingreportsaboutcrimes.A．arefondofB．areaccustomedtoC．areafraidofD

．areaddictedto3．Thedeputyairportmanagersaidtherewasnoapparentexplanationforthecrash.A．signB．reasonC．symbolD．influence4．Thegovernmentistakinganact

iveroleinimprovingpublicschools.A．dutyB．affectionC．partD．aid5．Thejobgaveheranopportunitytogainvaluableexperience.A．expensiveB．richC．ab

undantD．useful6．Thelidistootight.Ican'tloosenit.A．fastenedB．smallC．thinD．extraordinary答案：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.

D6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thewindmadethegirl'swoolenscarftightly(tight)aroundherneck.2．Irealizedknowledgeisvaluable(value)

onlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.3．Eventhestudentswhousedtodislike(dislike)Englishhaveturnedouttobeint

erestedinthesubject.4．Thissimplewayofhelpingpeopleisnowmakingabigdifference(different)tosociety.5．Forsometimenow,worldleadershavebeenpointingo

utthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction(reduce)．6．Noonehascomeupwithaconvincingexplanation(explain)ofwhydinosaursdiedout.7．It'simportanttos

pendyourtimeproductively(product)．8．SheisasuccessasaTVpresenter(present)butshedoesn'thavemuchexperienceinman

agingaclothesshop.9．Itiswellworthmakinganefforttopromotethepublicawareness(aware)ofenvironmentalprotection.10．Hebroughtupapractical(practice)planin

themeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.Ⅲ.选词填空role，present，value，productive，inspire，celebration

，advise，payoff，explain，bereducedto1．Inspiredbythespeech,thelittlegirlmadeuphermindtoworkevenharder.2．Whenthemoo

ncameup,theyoungpeoplebegantheircelebration.3．Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation(创新),youneedtohandinareport,explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyouandwhatmat

erialsyouuse.4．Moreandmorepeopleareadvisedtogotoworkbybus.5．SocialnetworkssuchasFacebookandTwitternowalsoplayamajorroleinbuildingnewfriends

hip.6．Believeitornot,therichmanshouldbe_reduced_tobeggingforaliving.7．Thehousesbeingbuiltatpresentforthelow-incomefam

ilieswillbecompletednextMay.8．Lastmonth,Iwasbusypreparingforthefinalexamination,hopingthatIcouldperformwell.Finallyallmyeffortspaid_off.9．Heis

aproductivecontemporaryChinesewriter,andhaspublisheddozensofshortstoriesrelatedtothecountryside.10．Bornintoafamilywiththreebrot

hers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．众所周知，英国人习惯于靠左边开车。Asweallknow,Englishpeopleare_used

_to_drivingontheleft.2．媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着重要作用。Themediaplay_a_major_role_ininfluencingpeople'sopinions.3．如果我们要想在生活中有所作为，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事做起。Ifwearetomake_a

_differenceinlife,it'svitalthatwe(should)beginwithsmallthings.4．孩子们主动要求洗盘子。Thekidsoffered_to_do/washthedishes.5．她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。She's

determinedtoputhernewideasinto_practice.6．你英语说得非常好，但应多注意书面英语。YouspeakEnglishverywell,butmore_attention_should_be_paid_toyourwrittenEnglish

.真题精读·素养精练(二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimes

therehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)gro

upsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworld

hadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheir

languagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofu

niversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodis

appear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,80

0languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspoke

nbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePaci

ficperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisame

re6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesar

eclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),

ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchc

hanceofsurvival.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言多样性的发展变化以及现在很多语言面临消亡的威胁这一现象。28．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesin

hunter-gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywereclos

elyconnected.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Somelanguageexpertsbelieve...12,000languagesbetweenthem.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能说12000种语言。由此可推断，狩猎

时代的语言种类很多。29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful.D．Mode

rn.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,Spanish

andChineseareincreasinglytakingover”可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，这就暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项po

werful(强大的，有影响力的)。30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800.B．About3,400.

C．About2,400.D．About1,200.解析：选B数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6800种语言；再根据“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6

,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用

人数少于6000。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．H

umandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知，随着社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全

球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类社会的发展使得世界上语言的种类越来越少。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Thedistributionofresourcesin

thisareaislargelyuneven.A．unequalB．unbearableC．unbelievableD．uncertain2．Suchproblemsareauniversalfeatureofol

dage.A．particularB．commonC．separateD．familiar3．Therumorabouthimspreadthroughoutthetownamongthepeoplerapidly.A．leakedB．

flowedC．circulatedD．floated4．I'mgoingtotake_overthecompanyoneday.A．workforB．setupC．getcontrolofD．engagein5．Their

generalpracticeinsuchcasesistoofferadeal.A．specialB．fantasticC．extremeD．usual答案：1.A2.B3.C4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Greatchangeshavetakenplacerecently(rece

nt)inthismountainareainthepastfewyears.2．Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief(believe)thatyouarebetterthananyo

neelseonthesportsfield.3．Therehavebeensignificantcomputerdevelopments(develop)duringthelastdecade.4．Cellphones,whicharenowuniversally(un

iverse)recognizedasamust,haveagreateffectonus.5．Ontheotherhand,somestudentsholdtheviewthatlaboreducation(educate)willtakeuptheirtime,whic

hwillbespentstudying.6．MyinterestandskillinEnglish,communication(communicate)andteamworkcontributetomyapplicationfor

thejob.7．Healthandenvironmentalproblemshavebecomeincreasingly(increase)thefocusofattention.8．Whowillbeinchargeofthedistribution(distribute)offo

odandclothingtothefloodvictims?9．Itisgenerally(general)believedthatteacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputers

inclass.10．Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．Ⅲ.选词填空spr

ead，believein，universe，educate，communicate，increase，distribute，relative1．Thescientistexplainedinhisbookhowtheuniversecameintobeing.2．Ithinkwhenyo

uareintroubleyoushouldcommunicatewithyourparentsorfriendsfirst.3．Thedoctorsdistributedthemedicinesto

thepeopleinthefloodedarealastmonth.4．Thepublicurgedthegovernmenttotakeimmediatemeasurestopreventtheforestfirefr

omspreading.5．Hehadtogiveinasaresultofthepressurefromhisparentsandrelatives.6．Wewatched,amazedasfirebrok

eoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.7．Thepeoplewhoworkherearewelleducatedandopen-minded.8．Cheerup!Youmus

tbelieve_inyourselfandyouwillgetsuccess.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我认为李萍很适合这个职位。Ihold_the_belief_thatLiPingisquitesuitableforthepo

st.2．一般说来，一个运动员在赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。Generally_speaking,_theharderanathletetrainsbeforeamatch,themorepossiblehe/shewillw

in.3．尽量多用简单汉语与当地人交流，这样有助于你练习、掌握汉语。Trytocommunicate_with_the_nativesinsimpleChineseasmuchaspossible,whichwill

helpyoupracticeitandhaveagoodcommandofit.4．然后，我们就把一些礼物，比如书和书包分发给他们。Thenwedistributedsomepresentssuchasbooksandschoolbagsto/amongthem.5．自从这个新

的经理去年接管了这个公司之后，这些工人就没有定期拿到过工资。Theemployeeshavenotbeenpaidregularlysincethenewmanagertook_over_this_companylastyear.6．她预定今晚发表

一场演讲，希望我们所有人都参加。Sheisscheduledtogive_a_speechtonight,hopingallofuswillattendit.真题精读·素养精练(三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·D篇)Wemayth

inkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftert

heygooutofstyle.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythant

heneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleague

sattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsminer

alsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneratio

n.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartp

hones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldon

es.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse，”said

oneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—w

econtinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesarethewor

stdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe199

2to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution(解决方案)?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplac

edoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demanden

tertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，过时的电子设备比新设备要消耗更多的能源，而且危害

环境。因此从环保的角度来看，文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时的设备。32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A．Theyareenvironment-friendly.B．Theyarenobetterthantheold.C．T

heycostmoretouseathome.D．Theygooutofstylequickly.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“theseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatd

othesamethings”可知，这些过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源，也就是说新的设备更节能、更环保。33.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A．Toreducethecostofminerals.

B．Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C．Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D．Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.解析：选D细节理解题。根

据第二段第一句“Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing...”可知，Babbitt和她的团队进行这项研究的目的是计算这些设备的用电量。34．Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy

?A．Thebox-setTV.B．Thetablet.C．TheLCDTV.D．Thedesktopcomputer.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinst

eadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.”可知，在平板电脑上观看更多的点播娱乐节目，而不是看电视和台式电脑，可以将能耗降低44%，由此可知，平板电脑消耗最少的能源。35．Whatdoesthetextsug

gestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A．Stopusingthem.B．Takethemapart.C．Upgradethem.D．Recyclethem.解析：选A推理判断题。文章通过科学家的研究表明，过时的旧电子设备会消耗更多的能源，不环保。由此推知，文

章建议人们停止使用旧电子设备。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Itisdifficulttoget_rid_ofdeep-rootedhabits.A．compet

eB．removeC．continueD．wonder2．Ihopeyoucanfigure_outwhatIwrote!A．understandB．adduptoC．workoutD．guess3．Theprogramwouldgeneratealotofnewjobs.A．accommo

dateB．accompanyC．cultivateD．make4．Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡4,000totheearthquakefund.A．resultedB．increasedC．donatedD．discussed5．Television

sbegantoreplaceradiosinmostfamilies'homes.A．taketheplaceofB．takeplaceC．refuseD．remind答案：1.B2.A3.D4.C5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thebooksonthedesk,whosec

oversareshiny(shine),areprizesforus.2．Whiletheywerejustchildren,theymadecontributionstotheenvironmental(environment)pro

tection.3．Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmoreenergetic(energy)．4．Afterhecametopower,_everyonesaidhewasapowerfu

lleader,butnowhefeelssopowerlessthatheevencan'tsavehisdaughter.(power)5．Thisisasmallhouselessthan30squa

remeters,butalargefamilyofthreegenerations(generate)livesinit.6．Thegovernmentprovidesthemwithnotonlyfoodandshelter,butalsotheb

asic(base)skillsfortheirliving.7．Thepurposeofeducationisnotonlytheaccumulationofknowledge.Anditalsomeansaccumulatingintelligence

aswellasabilities.(accumulate)8．Allovertheworld,researchers(research)areracingagainsttheclocktofigureouthowbesttofeedmorepeoplei

nafast-changingworld.9．Arrestedbythelatestelectronic(electricity)toys,thelittleboystoodinfrontofthewindows,withoutmoving.10．Ifyo

uwanttobepopular,aboveall,joininourclassactivitiesandmakeacontribution(contribute)toourclassifpossible.Ⅲ.选词填空figur

eout，getridof，track，showup，replace，research，electrical，contribute1．Twohundredpeopleshowed_upforthewedding,about50morethan

wehadoriginallyplanned.2．ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!3．Fortunately,hisconvincingvoiceco

ntributedtohissuccessinasingingcompetitioninaprogramatCCTV,makinghimfamousthroughoutChina.4．ThefirsttimeIheardo

fStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontothescientificresearch.5．Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscan

spreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.6．ThereisaheateddebateaboutwhetherE-bookswillreplacepaperbooksornot.7．We'removing,sow

ehavetoget_rid_ofalotofouroldfurniture.8．Wecan'tfigure_outwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsa

redyingout.Ⅳ.补全句子1．一旦你学会利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活带来积极的贡献。Failurecanmake_a_positive_contribution_toyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.2．我们必须明白

：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚至有时几乎不可能改掉。Wemustunderstandthatahabitisdifficultandsometimesalmostimpossibletoget_rid_of_once_it_is_f

ormed.3．很长时间我才弄清楚发生了什么。ItwasquitealongtimebeforeIfigured_out_what_had_happened.4．迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。Mikehasonlydriventoth

epubtoshow_off_his_new_car—heusuallywalks.5．微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。Asmilecanhelpusget_throughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstranger

s.真题精读·素养精练(四)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhenn

ature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittl

epowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirs

eeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧

化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theya

resodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbasefor

thick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminpla

sticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,depend

ingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsome

berriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozen

bananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丰收的七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，并告诉我们这些果实富含的营养成分和可以制作成各种美食。24．Whatdoest

heauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A．Theycontainprotein.B．TheyarehighinvitaminA.C．Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D．Theyarerichinanti

oxidants.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares？”可知，樱桃很美味，故选C项。25．Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A．Tomakethem

smellbetter.B．Tokeeptheircolour.C．Tospeeduptheirripening.D．Toimprovetheirnutrition.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceontheb

ananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.”可知，往香蕉上挤一些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。26．Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagr

aph?A．Adessert.B．Adrink.C．Acontainer.D．Amachine.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbana

nasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow”可知，画线词指的是一种机器(榨汁机)，因此选D。27．Fromwhichisthetextprobablyt

aken?A．Abiologytextbook.B．Ahealthmagazine.C．Aresearchpaper.D．Atravelbrochure.解析：选B文章出处题。从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月成熟的果实，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有

的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食，而这自然与健康饮食有关，因此本文应该摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Chinaisabeautifulcountryabundantinminerals.

A．confidentB．richC．shortD．impressive2．Hewasaniceenoughperson,butas_forhissuggestions,Ifoundthemunhelpful.A．with

regardtoB．aswellasC．inadditiontoD．incaseof3．Mostpeoplereadbookssimplyforpleasure.A．justB．neverC．neitherD．frequently

4．Thefireisconstantlyfedwithwood.A．tiredB．strengthenedC．suppliedD．eaten5．Takethemedicineright_away!Hadyoutakenityesterday,youwouldbequiteallrightno

w.A．slowlyB．inashorttimeC．fromtimetotimeD．atonce答案：1.B2.A3.A4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Wehaveabundant(abundance)evidencetoprovehisguilt.2．Thecol

ourful(colour)lifeandfitting-instudyadduptoherunforgettableexperienceinAmerica.3．InChina,theprotection(prote

ct)oftheenvironmentisoneofthebasicstatepoliciesofthegovernment.4．It'sreportedthatthecoachwillselecttwelvebasketballplayerstotakepartinthespor

tsmeeting.Thefinalteamselection(select)willbemadetomorrow.5．Theplantsneedtherightamountofsunlightandraintogrowandripen(ripe)．6．Herwordsleft

alasting(last)impressiononme.7．Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimply(simple)becausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?8．Trafficisbad

,particularly(particular)inthecitycentre.Ⅲ.选词填空becauseof，asfor，purpose，remove，last，feed，rightaway，comeout1．Havingremovedfromhishometowntoth

ecity,Johndidn'tknowwhattodoatfirst.2．TheyhadbeenworkingontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,butstill

nogoodresultshavecome_outsofar.3．IgotsofedupwithwaitingforhimtodoitthatIjustwentaheadanddiditmyself.4．Youdon'tlookwell.You'dbettergoandseeadoct

orright_away.5．As_forthemillionsofdollarsTardarhasearned,theycomefromalltheproducts,commercialsandabest-sellingbook.6．TodayAPECisp

layingamoreimportantroleintheworldstage,whosepurposeistopromoteeconomiccooperationintheAsia-Pacificare

a.7．TheCivilWar,whichhaslastedfornearlyfiveyears,isfinallyatanend.8．Wedidn'tgototheSummerPalaceyesterdaybecause_ofth

ebadweather.Ⅳ.补全句子1．为了阻止她去参加聚会，他故意假装生病。Inordertopreventherfromgoingtotheparty,hepretendedtobeillon_purpose.2．讨论了这个问题

整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。Havingdiscussedtheproblemallafternoon,theyfinallycame_up_withasolutiontoit.3．意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩帮助妈妈把包从肩上拿

下来。Realizinghermommustbeverytiredafteraday'swork,thegirlhelpstoremove_the_bag_from_her_shoulder.4．就我而言，我不反对

他的建议。As_for_me,_I'mnotopposedtohissuggestion.5．众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。Asisknowntousall,shoesplayanimportantroleino

urlife,fortheycanprotect_our_feet_from_being_hurt.真题精读·素养精练(五)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)Teensandyoungerchildre

narereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,some

datainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyf

indings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand

27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2－8,remainlargelyt

hesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpe

rsession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-reade

rsandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatashar

edinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadf

requently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreo

ften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(

逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一份调查报告显示，尽管阅读在

很多孩子的生活中仍然是很重要的一部分，但是进行趣味性阅读的青少年人数在减少。要想改变这种状况，父母应该在阅读方面起示范作用，帮助和鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。28．WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A．Children'sreadingh

abits.B．Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C．Children'safter-classactivities.D．Parent-childrelationships.解析：选A推理判断题

。第一段交代了CommonSenseMedia发布的报告内容，第二、三段说孩子们的趣味性阅读减少了，几乎不进行趣味性阅读的人数增加了，第五、六段提到电子书的阅读以及父母的示范引领作用，从这些信息推断，这份报告研究的内容是孩子们

的阅读习惯，因此选A。29．Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”？A．Inparagraph2.B．I

nparagraph3.C．Inparagraph4.D．Inparagraph5.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段中提出“为了乐趣而阅读的儿童人数减少了”，第三段中通过一些数据来支持这一观点，故选B。30.Whydom

anyparentslimitelectronicreading?A．E-booksareofpoorquality.B．Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C．Itmayharmchildren'sh

ealth.D．E-readersareexpensive.解析：选C推理判断题。第五段提到科技产品与阅读的关系，说这份报告几乎没有建议父母去了解电子读物和平板电脑对阅读的影响，但是指出许多父母限制孩子阅读电子读物的原因是担心孩子看屏幕的时间增加。使用电子产品的时间增加自然会对

健康造成危害。故选C。31．Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A．Actasrolemodelsforthem.B．Askthemtowritebookreports.C．Setupreadinggroupsforthem.

D．Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowscleare

videnceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.”可知，家长应该起模范带头作用，鼓励孩子多阅读，故选A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与

画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Youshouldn'tdeclinetohelpthemaninneed.A．intendB．refuseC．outlineD．decrease2．IremaininLondonunti

lMay.A．removeB．changeC．leaveD．stay3．Researchindicatesthateatinghabitsarechangingfast.A．statesB．showsC．explainsD．concludes4．Thereareabout300newprodu

ctson_show.A．onstrikeB．onholidayC．onexhibitionD．onduty5．Itwasevidentthatshewasseriouslyill.A．obviousB．vagueC．amaz

ingD．useful6．Severalpaintersareworkingonahugepieceofclothwhichserves_asthescenery.A．worksB．treatsC．actsasD．places答案：1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6

.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thepublisher(publish)expectedthebooktosell1,500copiesatleast.2．Shedeclinedto_have(ha

ve)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.3．Itisagreathonoraswellasapleasure(please)formetobepraisedbytheteacherpubliclybeforemycla

ssmates.4．Thereisnopointarguing(argue)aboutwhatledtotheaccident.Thepointiswhattodowiththevictimsofit.5．Timeislimited

(limit),soyoumustfinishitin30minutes.6．Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI'mconcerned,_weshouldtalkwiththemandte

llthemourconcerns.(concern)7．Thereisnoevidence(evident)tosupportthistheory.8．“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashedtoday,Master？”askedtheservant

(serve)politely.Ⅲ.选词填空showout，frequently，share，concerning，pointout，unpleasant，indicate，remain1．Shetriedinvaint

opoint_outtohimtheunfairnessofhisactions.2．Itmakesourschooldirtyandunpleasant,_anddoesharmtotheimageofourschool.3．Iamwritingtoseeifitispossiblefo

ryoutoprovidemewithinformationconcerningtheclub.4．Whenandwheretoholdthemeetingremainstobediscussedfurther.5．Whenhedidn'tknowhowtogetoutofthe

building,aboyshowedhimout.6．LookingbacktotheNationalEnglishSpeakingCompetitionItookpartinseveraldaysago,Ihavealottosharewithyou.7．Thebell,indicatingt

heendoftheclass,interruptedourheateddiscussion.8．Callonthesememoriesfrequently,_especiallywhenfeelingsad,angryorstressed.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这名足球明星拒绝

回答这位记者的问题。Thefootballstardeclined_to_answerthereporter'squestions.2．你打电话的时候我正要睡觉。Iwason_the_point_ofgoingtobedwhenyourang.3．就我个人而言，不花太多的时间玩智能手机是明智的。A

s_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.4．根据天气预报员所说，明天有暴风雨。According_totheweatherman,therewil

lbeastormtomorrow.5．我很满意自己的厨艺。看起来不错，闻起来也美味。I'mverypleased_withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.真题精读·素养精练(六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发

现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·D篇)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,wors

e,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationali

ntelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sanno

yingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluableso

cialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswoul

dn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheS

hynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk，”hee

xplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina20

14study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegro

upwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsig

nificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband，”saysDunn.“Butinteract

ionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly

greatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smallta

lkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场所或沉迷于智能手机，或与令人不安的沉寂作斗争，人们似乎都不愿意打破沉默与他人交流。作者在文中指出，我们

应该从闲聊开始，学会与人交流，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpu

blicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.解析：选C细节理解题。第一段指出，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在坐飞机的时候，我们和身

边其他人一样认真地关注着智能手机，或者更糟的是，与令人不安的沉寂作斗争。因此第一段描述了“陌生人之间缺少交流”这一现象，故选C。33．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCa

rducci?A．Showinggoodmanners.B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thekey

tosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”可知，Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关

键在于学会与其他人沟通。34．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C．Itmatt

ersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句“Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserv

erreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Con

versationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了

闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurroundingthevillage.A．neighboringB．givinginC．

circlingD．mounting2．Theshopkeeperstruggledwiththethief.A．foughtB．talkedC．curedD．pretended3．Thetwogirlsarenotlikelytotellonefromtheot

her.A．probableB．alikeC．wealthyD．effective4．IwassodisturbedbythenoisethatIcouldn'twork.A．contentedB．teasedC．annoyedD．delighted5．It

'svaluelesstogetangrywithyourself.A．worthlessB．invaluableC．pricelessD．useful6．Youmustbegettingsomethingof_valuefromit.A．va

luableB．availableC．affordableD．believable答案：1.C2.A3.A4.C5.A6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Althoughweadorehisworktoday,VanGoghwasnotsuccessful(success)whilehe

wasalive.2．I'dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtoadapttomynewsurroundings(surround)．3．Havinggotthenews,hestoo

dtheresilently(silence)forlong,hislipstremblingconstantly.4．Weshouldnotoverlookthispossibility(possible)thatwecan'tarriveontimebecaus

eoftheweather.5．Itissochallenging(challenge)ajobthatIcan'tfinishitonmyown.6．Theteenagerinsistedthathisparentsweres

elfish,whichmadehisparentsannoyed(annoy)．7．Doyourememberthosetimeswhenyourmothertoldyoutoavoidtalkingtostrangers(strange)?8

．Wehopeyouwouldtakeourideasintoconsideration(consider)andwelookforwardtoattendingtheiPadclass.9．Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvalua

ble(value)time,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth.10．Weareworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.Ⅲ.选词填空surroun

d，impossible，likely，challenge，annoy，considerate，valueless，society1．Ifyoubelongtothatshytypeofpeople,talkingtoastrangermayseemtobearealchallengef

oryou.2．Myhusbandwhoisthreeyearsseniortome,isveryconsiderateandalwaysplacesmeinthefirstplace.3．Thepaint

ingwehadthoughttobeofgreatvalueturnedouttobevalueless.4．It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenotallo

fthemarefitforthem.5．Thereisnodoubtthatwhatacleanerdoesishardercomparedwithanyotherjobinthesociety.6

．Failureisannoying,_butwhatfailurecanteachusmayneverbetaughtinotherways.7．Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.8．Hefoun

dthathisdaughterwassurroundedbylettersandpapersandthatshelookedveryworried.Ⅳ.补全句子1．有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswh

ichare_associated_with_smoking.2．为了获得受教育的机会，他正跟很多困难作斗争。Togetaneducation,hewasstruggling_against/with_many_difficulties.3．毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致过

分焦虑。Thereisnodoubtthatstayingupis_more_likely_toresultinover-anxiety.4．要求所有的文章与学生们的生活有关。Itisrequestedthatallthearticles(should)_be_related_tothes

tudents'life.5．据我所知，约翰接替汤姆成为学生会的主席。AsfarasIknow,Johnsucceeded_Tom_aschairmanoftheStudents'Union.真题精读·素养精练(七)训练日期：____月____日一

、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver

.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargehar

bouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowly

overalongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒

野)．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.Da

wsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmount

ainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning

.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodug

forgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefooda

ndwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlin

gdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewherethe

Canadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.语篇解读：本文是一篇

说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大城市——道森市的历史、发展与现状。24．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture.B．Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition.D．It

sfavourableclimate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplaces...NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，纽约市吸引

早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B．Oneoutoffi

vepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.”可知，在最先的两万

名淘金者中，有4000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecity

toocrowded.B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D．Theywereshortoffood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中

“Thecitywascrowded...newgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27．Whatisthetextma

inlyabout?A．Theriseandfallofacity.B．ThegoldrushinCanada.C．Journeysintothewilderness.D．TourisminDawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段

介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．It'snotnaturalforachildofhisagetobesoquiet.A．surprisingB．

normalC．frighteningD．interesting2．Lifeintheseamaydependonthesetinycreatures.A．depressB．decideC．relyD．in

crease3．Peoplerushedtobuysharesinthecompany.A．preferredB．enjoyedC．appreciatedD．hurried4．Sensiblepeopledon'tthinkitisusefultobuythin

gswhicharenotneededevenatalowprice.A．worthB．worthyC．worthlessD．worthwhile5．Believeitornot,wemetonacoachtourinItaly.A．journeyB

．stayC．flyingD．period答案：1.B2.C3.D4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Bereasonable(reason)!Wecan'tworklateeverynight.2．It's

natural(nature)thattheymisstheirfamilyverymuch.3．Althoughcellphonescanbringusgreatconvenience(convenient),weshouldbewiseenoughtouseth

em.4．It'sreportedthatinChinamanychildreninmountainous(mountain)areasstillcan'tgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.5．Withnowarning(warn),hewasf

iredbythecompany.6．Itisunfairthathegetsverylittlerewardforhisrewardingwork.(reward)7．Grandmadoesallherownshoppingandcooking—Ihav

eneverseenamoreindependent(depend)agedperson.8．Puttingasidehisdisappointment(disappoint),hesmiledandpr

aisedthewinner.9．Thispositionisequallysuitable(suit)foraschool-leaverorforsomebodywhohasworkexperience.10．Eventhoughthefores

tparkisfaraway,alotoftourists(tour)visititeveryyear.Ⅲ.选词填空fallasleep，reward，naturally，worthy，reasonab

le，tour，warn，rush1．WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththetheoryofevolution.2．Davidhunguphiscellphoneandrushedtohisson'sclass

room,onlytofindhimlisteningtotheteacherattentively.3．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable,_soallofusdidn'tacceptit.4．Havingbeenwar

nedbytheteacher,theydidn'tmakesuchmistakesagain.5．Lastweekend,myfriendandItookatourtoavillageinourneighboringcounty.6．W

henmothercameback,Ipretendedtohavefallenasleep.7．SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellwo

rthyofbeingexperienced.8．Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributionstoscience.Ⅳ.补全句子1．那个小女孩对于考试结果感到很失望，站在那里一言不发。Thelittlegirl,d

isappointed_attheexaminationresults,stoodtherewithoutsayingaword.2．据我所知，在那个小镇上购物很方便。AsfarasIknow,it_is_conven

ient_to_do_shoppinginthatsmalltown.3．第二天早上他醒来的时候发现自己身上盖着外套。Thenextmorninghewokeuptofind_himself_covered_withacoat.4．就我来说，我

认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。Asforme,Idon'tthinkitis_suitable_forparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.5

．网络投票并不取决于竞争对手的长处，而是他们有多少社交网络资源。Onlinevotingdoesnotdepend_onthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourc

estheyhave.真题精读·素养精练(八)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinC

hinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theire

ffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNo

belPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChin

aAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreat

ions.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythec

omplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangc

ollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomaketh

ebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素)．Wang'swor

ksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcre

atedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxe

satmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditions.onceexisted，”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythi

nktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthataresti

llbeingcreated，”hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinese

traditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare，”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwi

se,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格

和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。28．Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare________.A．followingthelatestworldtrendB．gettinginternational

recognitionC．workingharderthaneverbeforeD．relyingonforeignarchitects解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，说明中国的建筑设计师赢得

了国际的认同和肯定。故选B。29．WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A．Itshillyenvironment.B．Itslargesize.C．Itsuniq

uestyle.D．Itsdiversefunctions.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.”和“Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildin

gsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑设计风格独特，给人留下了深刻印象，故选C。30．WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturalde

signasuccess?A．Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B．ThebalanceofEastandWest.C．Theuseofpopulartechniques.D．Theharmonyofoldandnew.解

析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChinesee

lements(元素)．”和第六段第二句中的“Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。31．WhatshouldwedoaboutChineset

raditionsaccordingtoWang?A．Spreadthemtotheworld.B．Preservethematmuseums.C．Teachtheminuniversities.D．Recreatetheminpractice.

解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中“becombinedwithpractice”和第二句中“therecreationoftraditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hehas

retiredandleadsaneasylifenow.A．enduresB．playsC．describesD．lives2．Yourpresentationasastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofr

eflectingonhowyoulearn.A．operationB．growthC．performanceD．character3．Pleasemake_an_efforttobepolite.A．enda

ngerB．protectC．wantD．tryyourbest4．ThisparticularcustomhasitsoriginsinWales.A．characteristicsB．celebrationsC．root

sD．rules5．Herbehavioriscreatingalotofproblems.A．leadingB．attractingC．explainingD．making6．IfeltamazedwhenIheardthenews.A．f

amiliarB．guiltyC．surprisedD．cautious7．Thebeautifulsceneryattractedmyattention.A．ledB．performedC．counte

dD．caught8．Weallhaveuniqueskillsandgifts.A．goodB．skillfulC．specialD．wonderful答案：1.D2.C3.D4.C5.D6.C7.D8.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．I'mafraidwecan'

tattendtheparty,butthanksforyourinvitation(invite)anyhow.2．Aftertheymarried,theysettleddowninasmallvillage,leading(lead)aqui

etlife.3．Thestudentsinourclassputonagoodperformance(perform)attheEnglishevening.4．Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortt

o_cut(cut)downtheuseofenergyinourcountry.5．Today'sshoppingcartsarefivetimeslargerthanGoldman'soriginal(origin)m

odel.6．Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccesslayintryingtosurroundmyselfwithcreative(create)people.7．Theyhavemadeamazing(amaze)ach

ievementsinthepastfewyears,shockingmanypeople.8．Theydealwithhome,workandpersonalinterestsperfectly(per

fect)．Ⅲ.选词填空abandoned，existence，unique，perform，leadto，award，traditional，attract1．Inthepast,Itookpartinmanysociala

ctivitiesinwhichIperformedwellandgainedrichexperience.2．IfyouwouldpreferatraditionalEnglishschool,XUKEnglishistheperfectplace.3．Thiskindoffrien

dlyandharmoniousatmosphereisuniquetoourcompany,andyoucan'texperienceitinanyotherplace.4．Thisprogrammebecamemorepopularafte

rithadbeenawardedthebestTVShowoftheYear.5．Attractedbythemoviestarredinbythefamousactor,Idecidedtoseeitagain.6．Theorphanwasaban

donedbyhiscruelparentsbecauseofhisdisabilitywhenborn.7．Asweallknow,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.8．Asiskn

owntous,thePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintoexistenceasanindependentcountryin1949.Ⅳ.补全句子1．正在被讨论的这些问题不是美国特有的。Theissuesbei

ngdiscussedare_not_unique_totheUS.2．父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenands

pare_no_efforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.3．在办公室工作的人通常被称作白领。Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferred_to_as“whitecollarworkers”．4．普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌

症。It'sgenerallybelievedthattheoverfulltirednessled_tohiscancer.5．没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始存在的。Nooneknowswhensuchacustomfirstcame_i

nto_existence.真题精读·素养精练(九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·D篇)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjec

ts.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnear

lierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ou

rdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoill

ness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousabou

tbecomingadoctor)．Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohel

pthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasit

wouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball—simple,

universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyen

oughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingt

ogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介

绍了作者通过引导孩子主动捐献和变卖玩具以及与儿子玩球的事例说明了简单物品能够使我们获得快乐。32．Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Themore,th

ebetter.B．Enoughisenough.C．Moremoney,moreworries.D．Earnmoreandspendmore.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知，成人能够理解物质过剩的感受，可是当涉及孩子时，我们却会认为(孩子)拥有的东西越多越好。

再根据第三句“ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.”可知，作者不认同前面的moreismore这种观点。故选A。33．Wha

tmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A．Savingupforherholiday.B．Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.C．Addingthemoneytoherfund.D．Giv

ingthemoneytoasickmother.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Shechosetosellafew...whenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)”可知，当我们许诺把卖掉这些物品的钱放到她学校

基金里的时候，她才同意卖，故选C。34．WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A．Totryoutanidea.B．Toshowaparent'slove.C．Totrai

nhisattention.D．Tohelphimstartahobby.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段第三句中的“Yesterday,Isatwith...determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.”和第四句中的“I

decidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoy”可知作者和儿子玩耍是为了测试自己的理论：livemorewithless。故选A。35．Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor

thetext?A．TakeItorLeaveItB．ALessonfromKidsC．LiveMorewithLessD．ThePleasureofGiving解析：选C标题归纳题。第一段最后一句中

的“howtolivemorewithless”是文章中心句。下文逐层展开论述，最后得出论点的正确性。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Theroomwasfloodedwithautumnalsunlight.A

．keptB．suppliedC．filledD．decorated2．Ioftendonatesomemoneytothepoorchildren.A．occupyB．desireC．contributeD．charge3．Employeesaretrainedtodealwi

themergencysituations.A．taughtB．requiredC．forbiddenD．advised4．Hewasdeterminedtobecomeaworld-classplayer.A．resoluteB．firmC．competitiveD．

detective5．Ittookthebuildersofthewatertowertwomonthstocompletethetask.A．finishB．refreshC．prohibitD．separate6．Thereisamovementtowardsgreater

freedominfashionstyles.A．incidentB．accidentC．affectionD．trend答案：1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itwasfirstassum

edthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)2．Wedonatetotheschoolfundeveryyear.Thedonationisg

iventothosewhosefamiliesarepoor.(donate)3．Betty'smainstrengthisherability(able)tokeepcalmnomatterhowurgentthesituationis.4．Knowingthei

mportanceofmakingtherightchoice(choose),hehastoselectcarefully.5．Asaresult,hehas_promised(promise)tha

ttherelationshipbetweenhimandhisdevotedfanswillneverbreakup.6．Thehomingpigeonis_trained(train)oneitheroneortwolocationsusingfood

andwaterrewards.7．Hishardworkanddetermination(determine)accountedforhissuccess.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thath

ecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.9．Icouldn'ttotally(total)agreewithhim,butwhathesaidwaspartlyreasonable.10．Hewassoabsorbed(absorb)inco

mputergamesthathedidn'trealizehismotherhadcomehome.Ⅲ.选词填空flood，assume，unable，choose，moving，determination，expect，complete1．It'srep

ortedthatnearly24millionchildrenaroundtheworldareunabletoattendschoolbecauseofconflict.2．Thedirectorwasfullyco

nvincedthatthismovingstory,ifadaptedfortelevision,wouldbeahit.3．Iftimepermits,Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhav

eabetterrelationship.4．Thedininghalltobecompletednextmonthcanadmit1,000students.5．Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkandd

eterminationaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.6．Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.7．Thee

nvironmentofHongKongissooutstandingthatitischosenasoneoftheworld'smostlivablecities.8．Aswewerereturninghom

e,Iwasfloodedwithnewideas.Ⅳ.补全句子1．每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。EverytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heis_absorbed_in_readingnewspapers.2．

只要我们有热情追随梦想，最终我们一定会成功。As_long_aswehavetheenthusiasmtofollowourdream,wearesuretosucceedeventually.3．虽然汤姆很固执，但他们决定

说服他一起去旅行。ThoughTomwasstubborn,theydetermined_to_persuadehimtotraveltogether.4．令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。Tomygreatentertainmen

t,hepromised_to_entertainustoicecream.5．你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexaminationand18on

theoral,makinga_total_of65.真题精读·素养精练(十)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·C篇)Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofpl

asticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytoge

tridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundt

hatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100wa

xwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewin

galonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andapplieditt

oplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomac

hs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—be

eswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,is

thereaswell，”sheexplains.“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversit

yofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithp

reviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedby

thewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplast

icsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍

了一项科学发现：一种吃塑料的虫子——大蜡螟。它胃中的酶能够分解塑料，这为人们解决塑料污染问题提供了新的途径。43．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A．Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B．They

arenewlyevolvedcreatures.C．Theycanconsumeplastics.D．Theywindupinlandfills.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“foundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcan

breakdownpolyethylene”和第二句中的“thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams”可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡螟蠕虫可以分解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然也可以分解垃圾中的塑料，故选C。44．Accordingt

oJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto__________.A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB．findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC．confirmtheresearchfindingsD．in

creasethebreakdownspeed解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Thenextstep...Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生

物)？”可知，接下来人们需要证实的就是酶是从哪里产生的。故选B。45．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight__________.A．helptoraisewo

rmsB．helpmakeplasticbagsC．beusedtocleantheoceansD．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Bu

tsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply‘millionsofworms...’”可知，研究人员期望不仅仅能用大蜡螟蠕虫去清理

塑料垃圾，也期望在某种工业流程中使用这种化学物质，故选D。46．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B．Tointroducethedietofas

pecialworm.C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D．Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.解析：选C写作意图题。作者通过本文介绍了一项分解塑料垃圾的研究，显然是为人们

提供了一种分解塑料垃圾的新途径。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Forafee,theywillappearinyourTVcommercial,_atyourcor

porateentertainmentevent,marketingpromotion,weddingorprivateparty.A．playB．newsC．advertisementD．shopping2．Don'tlose_hea

rt—thereareplentyofotherjobs.A．besadB．bediscouragedC．regretD．apologize3．Itbecameapparentthatitisgoingtorain.A．obviousB．average

C．lastingD．effective4．Theydon'tallowpeopletofishinthelake.A．permitB．admitC．accomplishD．accompany5．Hehasevolvedanewt

heoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.A．separatedB．relatedC．developedD．provided6．“Genius”isacomplicatedconcept,involvingmanyfactors.A．takingpart

inB．connectingC．includingD．waving答案：1.C2.B3.A4.A5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thereweremanydeadfishfloatingintheriverbecauseoftheseriouspollution(pol

lute)．2．Themomentwe'velearnedthatanartexhibitionistobeheldandthatyou'recollectingsuggestions(suggest)onitslocation,weallcametoli

fe.3．Ithasbeenconfirmed(confirm)thattheagreementistobesigned.4．We'llberesponsibleforyoursafety,butyouneedtotakere

sponsibilityforyouractions.(responsible)5．ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehad_lost(lose)herkeys.6．Apparen

tly(apparent),theiPods,ifusedproperly,arehelpfultoourstudy,especiallytoourEnglishlistening.7．Havinggoti

nvolved(involve)inatheft,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.8．Littlejoycanequalthatofasurprising(surprise)endingwhenyoureadstories.9．Itismorecompl

icatedthanwepreviously(previous)thought.10．Youdon'tneedanidentity,_andallyouneedisproperidentificatio

nsothattheguardscanidentifyyou.(identify)Ⅲ.选词填空pollute，suggest，accountfor，commercial，ataloss，allow，evolve，comparison1．Hecou

ldnotaccount_forhisabsencefromschool,sotheteacherphonedhisparents.2．Tobehonest,I'mat_a_losshowtosolvethedifficultpr

oblem.3．Notallofthemwereallowedtogothere.4．Comparisonmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhenseenalone.5

．CommercialadvertisementisoneofthethingswehavetoputupwithwhenwatchingTV.6．IfallvisitorstotheFairyLakePark

doasthecoupledid,thelakewillbeseverelypollutedandsoonturnedintoahugedustbin.7．Thethreespeciesevolvedfromasingleancestor.8．Thedoctorsaidhemusth

aveworkedtoohard,suggestingthatheshouldcombineworkwithpleasureandkeepbalancebetweenthem.Ⅳ.补全句子1．在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。Therearecert

ainfactorsImust_take_into_accountonmynewinvention.2．关于如何学好英语，我的老师给了我一些有用的建议。Myteachergave_some_useful_suggestionstomeonhowtolearnEnglishwell.3．我不想牵涉到

谁该受责备的争论中去。Idon'twanttobe_involved_insomeargumentaboutwhoistoblame.4．已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。It_has_been_confirmed_thatitisthemosteffectivetreatment.5．和逃逸的司

机相比，我为我所做的事情而自豪。Compared_withtheescapeddriver,IamproudofwhatIdid.真题精读·素养精练(十一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·D篇)Pre

paringCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializin

gintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttruly

self-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforc

ompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheir

vehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtoch

angeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregula

ted.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalki

ngabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordabl

emobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfri

endlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicle

s.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,

whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforpark

ing.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepubli

ctransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatD

avissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducec

arbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by205

0.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-

hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)．Butdriv

erlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouth

owtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnolo

gicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmorea

ffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。47．Accordingto

theauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A．helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsB．providebetterservicestocustomersC．

causedamagetoourenvironmentD．makesomepeoplelosejobs解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety...offerm

oreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.”可知，人们对无人驾驶汽车的关注点在于其安全性以及有助于减少交通拥堵等方面。故选A。48．Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A．Safety.B．Sideeffects.C．Affordability.D．Management.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabout...thecar-contr

olledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.”并结合上文内容可知，作者希望政策的制定者要考虑这些无人驾驶车辆的管理，不要扩大现有汽车管理运输系统中的最糟糕的方面，故选D。49

．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Employed.B．Replaced.C．Shared.D．Reduced.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“Thefirstcom

merciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainly”并结合下句中“asthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewi

ththetechnology”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。故选A。50．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutur

eofself-drivingcars?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejus

thavetoplanforit.”可知，无人驾驶车辆的时代马上来到，准备好迎接它的到来吧。由此推断作者对于这种新科技持积极乐观的态度。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Fredhadbeenherc

ompanionforthelastsixyearsofherlife.A．supporterB．enemyC．publisherD．friend2．Yourbookismoreinterestingthanmine,anddoyouwanttochangeitwithme

?A．exchangeB．chargeC．replaceD．help3．Theboydidnotknowwhetheryesterday'spaperwasanimaginationtoo.A．instructionB．educ

ationC．fictionD．indifference4．Acircusshowentertainedchildren.A．adoptedB．analyzedC．lockedD．amused5．Thedirectionsofu

rbandevelopmenthavebeenplanned.A．cityB．suburbanC．socialD．sociable答案：1.D2.A3.C4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Noofficialpermissi

on(permit)hasbeengivenfortheeventtotakeplace.2．LiMingwasmycompanionwhenIwasyoung,andIenjoyedhiscompanyverymuch.Istillrememberthatheoftenaccompaniedme

togotothesupermarket.(accompany)3．Onerecentprediction(predict)isthatwithinthenext50years,itwillbepossibletolinkthehumanbraindirectlywithacomput

er.4．ArrivinginLondon,shesuddenlyfellillbecauseshecouldn'tbearthechangeable(change)weather.5．Eatingproperl

yandexercisingregularly(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.6．Itseemsthatlivinggreenissurprisinglyeasyandaffordable(affo

rd).Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.7．It'smuchbettertoimpressthemwithyourimagination(imagine)bychoosingagiftthat'salittlebitdifferent.8．Iwillnottoler

atethatsortofbehaviorinmyclassandnoonewillbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)9．ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcards

weredesignedforentertainment(entertain)andeducation.10．Youshouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakeanapp

ointment(appoint)．Ⅲ.选词填空potential，debate，urban，regulate，imaginary，tolerate，appoint，appealing1．Itissaidthatsometaxidriverspurposelyign

orepassengers.Ithinkitreallyneedstoberegulated.2．Fictionreferstobooksandstoriesaboutimaginarypeopleandevents

,ratherthanbooksaboutrealpeopleandevents.3．Recentlyasurveycomparingpricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarkets

hascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.4．Inspring,thesceneonthetopofthehillissoappealingthatitisbeyondmywords.5．TheEXITsignscouldn

otbeseenclearly,whichpresentedpotentialsafetyproblems.6．Iwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheac

tivitiesonthatday.7．Theparentsdidn'ttoleratetheirkids'rudenessattheparty,nordidtheyallowthemselvestobedisobeyed.8．Thecountr

ylifewewereusedtohaschanged.Thedifferencesbetweenruralandurbanareasaredisappearing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．他们彼此讨论环境保护和经济增长。Theydebated_with_each_othe

r_ontheenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.2．我们约定我们会再一起去那儿。Wemade_an_appointmentthatwecangotheretogetheragain.3．我们应该呼吁人们也要拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。Weshoulda

ppeal_to_people_to_savethingsthatthenatureofferstousaswell.4．她在她的电话簿上查询了他的号码，以保证她得到正确的号码。Shelookeduphisnumberin

herphonebooktomake_sure_thatshehadgottherightnumber.5．我感到很累，闭上眼睛，想象躺在充满阳光的沙滩上。Feelingtired,Iclosedmyeyesandimagined_lying_on_a_beachinthesunshin

e.真题精读·素养精练(十二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·天津高考·D篇)Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwild

flowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthes

equestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curi

ositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewsti

mulation(刺激)，newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple，althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsom

ebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.Onechillynight

whenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwou

ldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyallad

mittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelyl

ookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a“ruby-crownedkinglet”andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepress

uresof“time”and“destination”arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithj

ustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.I

askedthemwhatthey'dseen.“Oh,afewbirds，”theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfol

dtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwi

llopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。跟儿童相比，成年人的观察能力有所退化。那究竟是什么阻碍了我们重新学习观察周围世界的呢？作者给出了答案并告诉我们应该学会感受和观察大自然，开启

生活的新层面。51．AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore__________.A．anxioustodowondersB．sensitivetoothers'feelingsC．

likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD．eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasad

ults.(我们大多数人在孩提时代比成人后观察得更多。)”可知，孩子们更渴望探索他们周围的世界，故答案为D。52．WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A．Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B．Tostopcomplaining

allthetime.C．Tofollowtheteacher'sadvice.D．Toadmitmistakeshonestly.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段中作者讲述了自己的一次经历——作者告诉学生们，他们要徒步旅行穿过山里的

一条小溪，学生们就开始抱怨水太冷，不愿意往前走，但实际上这条小溪很浅，而且是温泉。作者想借此经历告诉我们不要匆忙下结论，故答案为A。jumptoconclusions“匆忙下结论；贸然断定”。53．Thebirdwatchers'behaviorsh

owsthatthey________.A．areverypatientintheirobservationB．arereallyfascinatedbynatureC．careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD．questiontheaccuracyofthefield

guides解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知本段讲的是人们痴迷于给事物命名，这阻碍了我们对世界的认知。观鸟者看到一只鸟，知道它的名字后就不再去注意它，也不再去了解它正在做什么。这表明他们只关心鸟的名字，故答案为C。54．Whydothehikerstakenonoticeo

fthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A．Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.B．Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C．

Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D．Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句可知，“时间”和“目的地”的压力阻挡了人们对大自然的感知，因为急着按时赶到目的地

，人们无暇顾及沿途的风景，故答案为B。55．Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.A．filloursensestofeelth

ewondersoftheworldB．getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC．openourmindtonewthingsandideasD．tryourbesttoprotectn

ature解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations”可知，作者建议我们下次散步时，不管在哪里，都应该欣赏周围的风景，聆听周边的声音，好好感受我们周围的

世界，故答案为A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hehasnotroubleinwritingthatcomposition.A．needB．difficultyC．chanceD．use2．Iobservedsome

thingunusualandcalledthepolice.A．noticedB．approachedC．defendedD．delayed3．MadagascaristhemostfascinatingplaceIhaveeverbeento.A．attractiveB．ridiculousC

．fashionableD．fantastic4．Hehadbeenbeatensenseless.A．unconsciousB．unhappyC．unfairD．unfinished5．Noonehassuggestedhowthismigh

toccur.A．caterB．injureC．happenD．strike6．Ispottedhiminthecrowd.A．warnedB．disturbedC．discoveredD．interrupted答案：1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.

CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Iamnowwritingtomakeacomplaint(complain)againsttheserviceofyourhotel.2．Shouldthepresentunemploymentcontinue,thesocietywould

faceamoretroublesome(trouble)situation.3．Hehasbeenobservingthesituationofthatregionforalongtime,sohisobservatio

nisbelievable.(observe)4．Withthefamouspyramids,varioustemplesandsomefascinating(fascinate)museums,Cairoisafantasticchoiceifyoucancomet

othecity.5．ThosewhoenjoySichuancuisinesaythattheynotonlyenjoythetastebutalsowanttosatisfytheircuriosity(curious)．6．Asisoftenthecaseinnature,someplan

tsaresosensitive(sense)totemperaturethattheycanonlysurviveincoolplaces.7．Notallarewillingto_do(do)suchwork,foritisquitehardforsomeofthem

.8．Lucywas_admitted(admit)toBeijingUniversity,whileIhadnosuchluck.Ⅲ.选词填空spot，wonderful，curious，complain，unwilling，admit，pressure，distance1．Itseem

edthatshewasangrywithme,andthereforeIwascurioustoknowwhathadhappened.2．Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheprojectbecauseoftherisk.3．Withgrow

ingpressuresbeingputonfriendshipthesedays,it'simportanttomaketimeforourfriendship.4．Somestudentscomp

lainthattheyareloadedwithtoomuchhomework.5．Therailwaystationisatadistanceoftwomilesawayfromourschool.6．Theviewfromthetopofthetowerwaswonder

ful.7．Twoyearsago,Iwasadmittedtoahighschool.8．ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我突然想起来，你煮的面条味道还真不错！

It_occurred_to_me_thatthenoodlesyoucookedtastedgood.2．他三天没睡觉了，难怪他疲惫不堪。Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.No_wonderthatheistiredout.3．美国的高中生生活是

一个不错的选择，因为中国的学生对美国学生的学校生活非常好奇。ThelifeofAmericanhighschoolstudentsisagoodchoicebecauseChinesestudentsare_c

urious_abouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.4．我们没时间进行体育活动、听音乐，更不用说电影、电视节目了。Wedon'thavetimeforsports,evenmusic,not_to_mentionfilmsandTVprograms.5．她常常

抱怨说在工作上得不到赏识。Sheoftencomplains_about/ofnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.真题精读·素养精练(十三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放

练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇)PacificScienceCenterGuide◆VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStoreDon'tforgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'sStorewhileyouarehere

topickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.◆H

ungry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inad

ditiontoseasonalspecials.ThecaféislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourbeforePacificScienceCenterclos

es.◆RentalInformationLockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuilding1neartheInformationDeskandinBuilding3.P

ushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.◆Support

PacificScienceCenterSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearningin

science,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassr

oomsandcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportf

romindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.语篇解读：

本文是一篇应用文。文章为游客提供了去太平洋科学中心的一些参观指南，并鼓励游客为该中心的发展捐款。21．WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?A．I

nBuilding1.B．InBuilding3.C．AttheLaserDome.D．AttheDennyWayentrance.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“...orsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thesto

reislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome”可知，纪念品商店坐落于3号楼，故选B。22．WhatdoesPacificScienceCente

rdoforschools?A．Trainscienceteachers.B．Distributesciencebooks.C．Inspirescientificresearch.D．Takescien

cetotheclassroom.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassro

omsandcommunityevents”可知，太平洋科学中心把科学教育带入课堂，故选D。23．Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A．Toencouragedonations.B．T

oadvertisecomingevents.C．Tointroducespecialexhibits.D．TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.解析：选A写作意图题。根据最后一部分的标题“SupportPacif

icScienceCenter”和“Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.”可知，该

部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，也就是捐款。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hisapartmentisinareallygoodlocation.A．centerB．souvenirC．positionD．

community2．AvisittotheWestLakeisan_unforgettableexperience.A．animpressiveB．agratefulC．ameaningfulD．agenerous3．HelivedinParisfor3months,durin

gwhichhepicked_upsomeFrench.A．mindedB．learnedC．inspiredD．rented4．Ihavenooptionbuttogo.A．operationB．educationC．snackD．choice5．In_addition_

tothenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.A．DuringB．ExceptC．BesidesD．Becauseof6．Wilsonhasachievedconsiderablesuccessasanartist.A．amazedB．com

pletedC．accomplishedD．required答案：1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itisimportanttohaveasenseofbelonging(

belong)．2．Sheisapassionate(passion)supporterofwomen'srights.3．Youmustbeveryproudofyourachievement(s)(achieve)．4．Somebirdsmigr

ateseasonally(seasonal)．5．Sheneveragreedtothepublicexhibition(exhibit)ofhersculptureswhileshewasstillalive.6．Ihungpostersinmylocker(lock),andfinally

feltlikeIwasathome.7．Wecan'tgoalongthatroadbecausethesignsays“NoEntry(entrance)”．8．Additionally(addition),therearegreatw

orksfromaroundtheworld,which,Ithink,willcertainlyattractvisitors'eyes.Ⅲ.选词填空forgettable，locate，inadditionto，lock，belongto，enter，passionate，ac

hieve1．Hecouldn'thave_achievedhisambitionifithadn'tbeenforyourhelp.2．Telltheotherpeoplesomethingyouarep

assionateaboutandwhy.3．In_addition_tobeingbeautiful,thegirlishard-working.4．Thelittlebabyhasbeenlockedinthec

arfor10minutes.5．Gu'anCounty,locatedinthesouthofBeijing,isalovelyplace.6．Idon'twanttobejustanotherforgettableactor

inamovie.7．China,belonging_todevelopingcountries,hasachievedgreatlyinenvironmentalprotection.8．Silence

fellasIenteredtheroom.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我想知道你是否能去机场接他。Iamwonderingwhetheryoucanpick_him_upattheairport.2．此外，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展和变化

。In_addition,_bydoingthepart-timejobIcangetsomepreciousexperiencesothatIcanbetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.3．钓鱼岛是中国的领土，这是不言而喻的。

ItgoeswithoutsayingthattheDiaoyuIslandsbelong_toChina.4．正当他在研究改进望远镜的方法的时候，牛顿做出了彻底改变人们对颜色的理解的发现。Whilehewasi

nvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade_a_discoverywhichcompletelychangedman'sunderstandingofcolour.5．只有以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难，我们才会实现梦想。Onlyifwe

dealwithandovercomelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectway,willweachieve_our_dreams.真题精读·素养精练(十四)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2

017·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,d

isplacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.Igotarescuecallfromawoma

ninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenp

lacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputit

back,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasket

wasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.

Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresence

ofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossi

bleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnatures

mileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.And

itwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作

者作为一个野生动物救助和教育机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的经历。24．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Eff

ortsmadeinvain.B．Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C．Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.D．Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.解析：选

A推理判断题。根据第一段的“Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，因

为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。也就是说，救助野生动物的努力可能会白费，因此答案为A。25．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A．Torescueawoman.B．

Totakecareofawoman.C．Tolookatababyowl.D．Tocureayoungowl.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayou

ngowl(猫头鹰)．..a2-to3-week-oldowl.”可知，这位女士给作者打求助电话是为了让他来看一看这只猫头鹰雏鸟。26．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A．Anewnest.B．Somefood.C．Arecor

ding.D．Itsparents.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的“Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable...itquicklycalmeddown.”可知，作者做的鸟

巢非常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。27．Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A．It'sunexpected.B．It'sbeaut

iful.C．It'shumorous.D．It'sdiscouraging.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食；再结合第一段最后一句“However,whenitw

orks,itissimplybeautiful.”可判断，作者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Coalhasbeendispla

cedbynaturalgasasamajorsourceofenergy.A．respondedB．takenplaceC．placedD．replaced2．Hehasaverybeautifulvoice.A．possibleB．attractiveC．socialD．

certain3．Whattimedoestheplanearrive_inNewYork?A．gettoB．reachforC．rescueD．continue4．Hewasathoughtfulfellow,ge

ntleandencouraging.A．injuredB．inspiringC．considerateD．careful答案：1.D2.B3.A4.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．He'sthepreside

ntofalargeinternationalorganization(organize)．2．Nothingintheworldcanreplace(place)persistence(坚持)!3．Hepla

ntedsomeflowerstobeautify(beauty)thegarden.4．Lindacalledmeonherarrival(arrive)sothatIwouldknowshewassafeandsound.5．Turnoffthewatersupplybefo

recarrying(carry)outrepairs.6．We'rekeepingyouhereforyourownsafety(safe)．7．Thestudentsshouldtakeanactive(act)partinallkindsofusefulactivities.

8．Sheearnsenoughmoneytolivecomfortably(comfortable)．9．Hiscalmness(calm)madehimsaveallthepassengersonboard.10．Bytakingpartintheseactivities

(activity),studentsshowtheirspecialtalents.Ⅲ.选词填空active，encourage，carry，safely，calm，absence，hunger，advertise1．

Toourrelief,uptonowtheinjuredinthecrashhavebeencarriedtothenearbyhospital.2．Theheavyrainmayhaveaccountedfor

theabsenceofsomanystudentsthismorning.3．Iwouldliketoapplyforthepositionadvertisedinyesterday'snewspaper.4．InsomepoorAfricanareas,m

anychildrendieofhungereveryyear.5．Ifailedagain,butmyparentsencouragedmeandtoldmethatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.6．Finally

,herflightlandedontheairportsafely.7．Itisveryimportanttokeepcalmwhenanearthquakebreaksout.8．Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofs

ports,andpayattentiontomentalhealth,whichisequaltophysicalhealth.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这些新设备将代替那些旧的。Thesenewfacilitieswilldisplace/replace_the_old_ones.2．令人吃惊的

是，一间旧房子竟然被重新建得这么美。It'samazingthatanoldhouseshould_have_been_rebuilt_so_beautifully.3．这位47岁的男子在到达北墨西哥的一所医院时就被宣告死亡。The47-year-

oldmanwaspronounceddeadon_arrivalatahospitalinnorthernMexico.4．我们可以绝对安全地观看狮子。Weareabletowatchthelionsin_complete_safety.5

．让她很不自在的是，他问了她许多尴尬的问题。To_her_discomfort,_heaskedhermanyembarrassingquestions.真题精读·素养精练(十五)训练日期：____月____日一、

真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInterna

tionalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofja

zzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinues

toshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.

AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.

“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenera

tionandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigi

tal.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusicc

an'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran.Lastyear,Mor

anworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWalleri

sdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumans,gainingan

yinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Some

timeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttof

oster.”语篇解读：本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑战以及如何让爵士乐重新流行的设想。28．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Tor

ememberthebirthofjazz.B．Toprotectculturaldiversity.C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz.解析

：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,its

significance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为D。29．Whatdoestheunderlinedwo

rd“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwi

ththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.解析：选C代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词that指代上段“Despitethecelebrations,thou

gh,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于

老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。30．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually.B．Itremainsblackandwhite.C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D．

Itchangesevery50years.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段的内容尤其是“Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame”可知，

由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才能吸引更多的听众。31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Explo

ringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRiseandFallofJazzC．TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay解析：选A标题归纳题。本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的

杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作本文标题最佳。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Withannualrainfallclosetozer

o,Antarcticistechnicallyadesert.A．dailyB．monthlyC．yearlyD．weekly2．I'dliketoworkabroadtowidenmyhorizons.A．strengthenB．b

roadenC．lengthenD．deepen3．Healthproblemscanbesignificantlyreducedbycarefuldiet.A．greatlyB．anymoreC．officiallyD．form

ally4．Themedicineworksonhimwell.A．leavesB．laborsC．operatesD．functions5．Ithinkthatyou'llfindshe'sveryaccessible.A．approachableB．considera

bleC．understandableD．acceptable答案：1.C2.B3.A4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thejazzfestivalisheldannually(annual)inJuly.2．Hernov

elshavegainedinpopularity(popular)overrecentyears.3．Sheprovidedemotional(emotion)supportataverysorrowfultimeforme.4．Theaimofthep

olicyisthepreservation(preserve)ofpeace.5．Therearealotofdocumentsnotaccessible(access)tothepublic.6．It'saboutsix

metersinwidth(wide)．7．Thetrueartist(art)letsnothinggetbetweenhimselfandhiswork.8．Teachingmaterialsneedtobeculturally(cultur

e)appropriate.9．Methodsusedbyyoungerteachersdiffersignificantly(significance)fromthoseusedbyolderones.10．Heisatalente

dyoungmusician(music)．Ⅲ.选词填空musician，annually，significance，artistic，wide，accessible，preserve，emotional1．The

SpringFestivaliscelebratedannuallyinChina.2．Asweallknow,Beethovenisagreatmusician.3．Weattachednosignificancetohisstatement.4．Theyareverylikelytohave

artistictalent,oratleasttohavegreatinterestinart,architecture,anddesign.5．Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.

6．Theyusuallypreservemeatbyputtingitintoice.7．Hisreadingisofverywiderange.8．Allofushavefeelingsandemotionalreactionstocertainthingsinlife.

Ⅳ.补全句子1．学生除了学习之外，还需要有时间放松和参加文化活动。Studentsneedtohavetimeforrelaxationandcultural_activities,_aswellasforacademicwork.2．乡村音乐越来越流行了。Coun

trymusicisgrowingin_popularity.3．安患了抑郁症，还遇到一些其他的情感问题。Annsufferedfromdepressionandanumberofotheremotional_probl

ems.4．我们通常在从事能做到最好的工作时感受到更快乐和更有动力。Weusuallyfeelmorepleasureandmotivationtowork_onwhatwecandobest.5．敌人企图使历史倒退。他们注定会失败。Theenemiesattempttoput_bac

ktheclockofhistory.Theyareboundtofail.真题精读·素养精练(十六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)IfirstmetPaulNewmanin19

68,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedso

mebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.Thefriendshipth

atgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasan

agedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharacterswewerego

ingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeacho

ther—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyo

u'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman'sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriously

ill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachothe

rfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn'tta

lkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，他们虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。24．Whywasthestud

iounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestudiopowersdidn'tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn'tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommended

someoneelse.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.”可知，电影公司起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Pau

l一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。故选C项。25．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheater

.C．Theywerebothgoodactors.D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharacte

rsweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题

意。26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Theirbelief.B．Theircareforchildren.C．Theirsucc

ess.D．Theirsupportforeachother.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,you

shouldputsomethingback”可知，尽管我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。27．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthete

xt?A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.B．Torememberafriend.C．Tointroduceanewmovie.D．Tosharehisactingexperience.解析：选B写作目的题。根据全文内容，尤其

是第一段中的“IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968”以及最后一段中的“Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点

再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hedidn'tshowhiswifeanyaffectionontheirweddinganniversary.A．angerB．funC．loveD．effe

ct2．Shewasseriouslywoundedinthewar.A．badlyB．financiallyC．slightlyD．suddenly3．Lifeisnofunwithoutacompaniontoshareitwith.A．laughterB．mo

neyC．sadnessD．pleasure4．Thegreatvirtueofcampingisthatitischeap.A．advantageB．characterC．consequenceD．shortcoming答案

：1.C2.A3.D4.AⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Itwasinthesestudios(studio)thatyoungpaintersfoundthesupportandstimul

ating(刺激性的)competitionofpeers.2．WhentheygottoMontana,theyputdownrootsandbuiltalife.3．Fortunatelyforme,myfriendsawthatsomethingwasseriously(ser

ious)wrong.4．“Whatdoyouwant？”hedemandedaggressively(aggressive)．5．Maryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatypical(type)basketballplayer.6．Hetoldussofu

nny(fun)storiesthatwealllaughed.7．Hehadwonthegamebyvirtueofhisstrengthofwill.8．Weweredeeplyaffected(affect)bythenewsofherdeath.Ⅲ.选词填空fina

ncial，take...seriously，haveaffectionfor，makefunof，aggressive，betypicalof，byvirtueof，beofgoodquality，focusone'sa

ttentionon，root1．“Donotmake_fun_ofthedisabled，”saidthegentleman.2．Themanistryingtotrainhisdogtobemoreaggressiv

e.3．Doyouknowaboutthefinancialconditionofthecompany?4．Youshouldn'ttakewhathesaidseriously.5．Theloveofmoneyistherootofallevil.6．Hegotthejobby_vi

rtue_ofhisgreaterexperience.7．Hewaslateagain.Itis_typical_ofhimtokeepeverybodywaiting.8．Youshouldbuythiscoat.Itis_o

f_good_qualityandwellworththeprice.9．MywifeDeborahandIwillalwayshave_affection_forourlovelyson.10．Theaudiencefocused_

their_attention_onthespeaker.Ⅳ.补全句子1．大约五亿四千万人受二手烟的影响，每年造成10万人死亡。Around540millionpeopleare_affected_bysecond-handsmo

ke,whichcauses100,000deathsperyear.2．有那么多人在盯着他，他感到很紧张。Withsomanypeoplefocusing_their_eyes_onhim,hefeltverynervous.3．别太当真，她只是想跟你开

个玩笑。Don'ttake_it_seriously;_shejustwantstoplayatrickonyou.4．她这个人就是爱忘事。Itis_typical_ofhertoforgetwhattodo.5．夏天在海里游泳是多么

有趣啊！What_fun_it_istoswimintheseainsummer!真题精读·素养精练(十七)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)TerrafugiaIn

c.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenext

year.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400

feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallo

nsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumbe

rswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'se

xpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingto

makeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingth

eflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcras

hteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagot

ocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terraf

ugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfi

ndrelativelyeasytomeet.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。28．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．

ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D．ThedesignersoftheTr

ansition.解析：选A段落大意题。第一段的第二句“Thevehicle...likeacar.”介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍了它的空中飞行速度、路地行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。29．WhyistheTrans

itionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A．Itcausestrafficjams.B．Itisdifficulttooperate.C．Itisveryexpensive.D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.解析：选

C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.”可知，该飞行汽车是非常贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在车道上。故选C项。30．Wha

tisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A．Cautious.B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Thegovernmentha

salreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.”可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Flyi

ngCaratAutoShowB．TheTransition'sFirstFlightC．Pilots'DreamComingTrueD．FlyingCarClosertoReality解析：选D标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythat

itsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithint

henextyear.”可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Watchoutforoncomingvehicles.A．pass

ers-byB．trafficC．accidentsD．inventions2．Thedecisionofwhatnameweshouldadoptfortheclubtookaverylongtime.A．determinationB．decorationC．emb

arrassmentD．discussion3．Successinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionofsuccessinlife.A．exampleB．resultC．stan

dardD．deposit4．Hedepositedthebooksonthedeskandlefttheclassroom.A．putB．toreupC．cutupD．gaveup5．Theyarebusyattachingalabelt

oeachpieceofluggage.A．writingB．seekingC．stickingD．painting答案：1.B2.A3.C4.A5.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Idon'tthinkhisdecision(d

ecide)iswiseinreality.2．Theywouldbefarbetteroff,materially(material)andemotionally,iftheyallpulledtoget

her.3．Therewasaneatlyfolded(fold)pinksweateronthebackofthechair.4．Duringourfirstwinterhere,wespentmorethan336dollarson828gallons(gallon)offue

loil.5．Hewasaninventorwhoinvented(invent)adevicetoletpeoplebreatheunderwater.6．In1995,acommitteewassetuptostandardi

ze(standard)theTibetanlanguageandnormalizesocialterms.7．Firstly,IfeelthatIamcompetenttomeetyourrequirements(requir

e)．8．Ihatelisteningtohim;heneversticks(stick)tothepoint.Ⅲ.选词填空decide，beuptostandard，federal，material，invention，fold，deposit，s

tick，trafficjam，gallon1．Hehasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.2．Coca-Col

awasalreadysellingamilliongallonsperyearbythetimePepsicametobe.3．TheshoppromisedtokeepthegoodsformeifIpaidadeposit.4．Unlessyourdivingequipmen

tis_up_to_standard,_donotuseit.5．Wewerestuckinatraffic_jamonourwaytotheairport.Asaresult,wemissedtheearliestflight.6．Globalc

ommunicationwastransformedbytheinventionoftheInternet.7．Onlywhenagricultureisfullydevelopedcanindustryhavesufficientmat

erialsandmarkets.8．They'rereadytocutthefederalbudgetdeficit(亏损)forthenextyear.9．Afterreadingitforhalfanhour,themanfoldedthenew

spaperupandputitinhispocket.10．Hestuckastampontheenvelopandputitinthemailbox.Ⅳ.补全句子1．你能把花园里的椅子折叠起来放入储藏室去吗？Wouldyoufold_uptheg

ardenchairsandputtheminthestoreroom?2．我们决不能放弃梦想，只有我们坚持自己的梦想，才能够克服各种挑战。Onnoconditioncanwegiveupourdreams;onl

yifwecanstick_to_our_dreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.3．信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandard_English.4．随着经济的发

展，私家车越来越多，交通拥堵变得越来越严重。Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,therearemoreandmoreprivatecarsandtraffic_jamsaregettingheavierandheavier.5．我到了应该自己做出人生抉择

的时刻。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomake_decisionsofmyown.真题精读·素养精练(十八)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·D篇)Whenaleafyplant

isunderattack,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutapart

icularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whatthepla

ntspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhen

beingattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening？Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmell

ychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalene

miestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthes

echemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbe

causetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorw

assendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“ov

erhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsag

o,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物在受到昆虫

的攻击时是如何进行自我保护的，同时引出世界比我们人类想象的要复杂得多这一观点。32．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．I

tsendsoutcertainchemicals.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesec

hemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplant”可知，当植物受到攻击时，它会产生一些化学物质。故选D项。33．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A．Theattackersget

attacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.解析：选A句意理解题。根据第三段中画线部分后面

的“Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.”可知，正吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐，也就是攻击者被攻击了。故选A项。34．Scientistsfindfromthe

irstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighborswhenn

ecessary解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.”

可知，植物能保护自己抵抗昆虫。故选B项。35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbef

ore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“imaginedaworldfarbusier,no

isierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.”可推知，世界比它显现出来的更加复杂。故选C项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思

相近的正确选项1．ButthesearenotJane'sfeelings;sheisnotactingby_design.A．quietlyB．intentionallyC．effectivelyD．organically2．Forme,Kunmingisatinybutconve

nientcity.It'snot_noisy.A．quietB．smallC．popularD．crowded3．Farmershavealwayshadaparticularinterestintheweatherbecauseithasaneffectonthei

rworkandtheirproductsoftheirworkatallstages.A．influenceB．treatmentC．pressureD．urge4．ThereweretwolemontreesandIpausedtoenjoyth

eirperfume.A．blossomsB．fragranceC．shadeD．branches答案：1.B2.A3.A4.BⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Youareabso

lutelycorrect.Theleaves(leaf)arefromamapletree.2．Icanbringmypicnicmatsowedon'tgetbitten(bite)byants.3．

Atfirstglance,organic(organ)farminglooksmuchmoreexpensiveforthefarmer.4．Whenwewalkedalonethestreet,wefoundtheairwassmelly(smell)and

wentbackhome.5．TheUnitedStatesofAmericaiscalledUSAforshort.6．Thisaccidentmayhavebeencausedbyanintentional(intention)criminala

ct.7．Ihadtomakeimportantdecisionsthatwouldaffect(effect)mefortherestofmylife.8．Aftergraduatingfromak

eyuniversity,hetookuphisjobasanindustrialdesigner(design)．9．Themarketplacewasjammedwithanoisy(noise)crowdofbuyersandsellers

.Ⅲ.选词填空giveout，sendout，pump，organic，beshortof，noisy，intention，haveaneffecton，bydesign，smelly1．Theship'sradiosent_

outsignalsforhelp.2．Themothergotangryassoonasshesawthesedirtyandsmellyclothes.3．Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.4．Lifeinthevillageistooprimit

iveforme;ifyouwantanywateryouhavetopumpitupfromawell.5．Theatmosphereofyourclassroomcanhave_an_effect_ontheattitudeofyourstudents.6．Booksr

angefromlearninglanguagestocomputerscience,fromorganicchemistrytolaw.7．Don'tbesonoisy!Thechildrenareasleepinthebedr

oomnow.8．Ihavenointentionofcomingtothisterribleplaceagain!9．Jimmyhithislittlebrotherintheeye,buthedidn'tdoitby_design.10．Imus

tstopabit.Iam_short_ofbreath.Ⅳ.补全句子1．老师要求孩子们在上课时不要发出任何噪声。Theteacheraskedthechildrennottomake_any_noiseinclass.2．学生们正在街上向大家分发传单。Studentsaregivin

g_outleafletstoeveryoneonthestreet.3．总之，条条道路通罗马，我坚信努力总会有回报。In_short,_everyroadleadstoRome,andIdobelievehardworkpaysoff.4．你认为他没出现是偶然地还是故意地？Doyouthin

kthathedidn'tturnupbyaccidentorby_design?5．想一想给你带来最深刻影响的电影、书籍、老师及朋友。Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfrie

ndsthathave_an_effect_onyoumostdeeply.真题精读·素养精练(十九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTh

eater,employeeswerebusysweepinguppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75-y

earhistory.Thistime,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandoth

ertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send.ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis3

0yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBr

adfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterisprepari

ngtoclosedown.BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.Headdedthattheth

eater'slocation(位置)wasalsoareason.“Thisusedtobethecenteroftown，”hesaid.“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandware

houses.”Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereaband

onedbecauseoffinancialproblems.Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwher

ethetheaterislocated.Thetheateraudiencesaidgood-byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhadshownitslastmo

vie.Thetheaterwillbemissed.语篇解读：本文讲述的是拥有75年历史的广场剧院在放映完最后一部电影后即将关闭以及观众对它的不舍之情。24．Inwhatwaywasyesterday'scleanupatthePlazaspecial?A．It

maderoomfornewequipment.B．Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater.C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.D．Itmarkedthe75thannivers

aryofthetheater.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish，anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparation

forthebuilding'send.”可推断出，工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭作准备，这是这次清扫工作特别的地方。故选B。25．WhywasTheLastPictureSho

wputon?A．Itwasanall-timeclassic.B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C．Theaudiencerequestedit.D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.解析：选D细节理解题

。根据第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.”可知，剧院的老板选定了TheLastPictureShow这部电影，是因为他认为这部电影很适合。原文中的“appropriate”和D选

项的“suitable”都表示“合适的”。故选D。26．Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?A．Itwillberepaired.B．Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum.C．Itwillbeknockeddown.D．It

willbesoldtothecitygovernment.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。27

．Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience?A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.C．Theyaresu

pportiveofthecityofficials.D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Thoughthemovieis30yearsold，mostofthe250

seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.”可知，观众含泪观看最后一部电影，想向剧院告别；再结合最后一段最后一句“Thethe

aterwillbemissed.”可以推断出观众对剧院恋恋不舍，与剧院告别让他们感到很悲伤。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．HeisanemployeeofFujiBank.A．cre

wB．colleagueC．bossD．staffmember2．Herbrightclotheswerenotappropriateforafuneral.A．remarkableB．automaticC．suitableD．c

asual3．Chestpainscanbeawarningsignalofheartproblems.A．indicationB．markC．explanationD．knowledge4．Thetruckswaitedatthewarehousetopickuptheirloads.

A．workhouseB．storehouseC．basementD．garage5．ThewholefamilygatheredtogetheratRay'shome.A．joinedB．assembledC．dismissedD．departed答案：1.D2.C

3.A4.B5.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Shestressedtheimportanceofcarefulpreparations(prepare)．2．Thereisintensecompetition(compete)nowbetweenschoolstoattr

actstudents.3．We'remostly(most)outonSundays.4．Sheisstillfinancially(financial)dependentonherparents.5．Shesi

gnaled(signal)thatitwastimetoleave.6．Thesetting(set)ofthestoryisahotelinParisduringthewar.7．Somehighofficia

ls(office)fromtheStateCouncilwillcometovisitourcity.8．Tiredastheyare,therescuersarestillinsearchofthemissing(miss)peopleintheflashfloods.

Ⅲ.选词填空abandon，prepare，remove，mostly，end，financial，anniversary，local，appropriate，compete1．Theweatherhasbeenmostlywarminourcity.2．TokyoandNewYorkaremaj

orfinancialcentres.3．Theydecidedtoendtheirrelationshipbecauseofsomequarrels.4．Thecollegepreparesstudent

sforacareerinbusiness.5．Weshouldtakeappropriatemeasurestoimproveourlearningefficiency.6．Schoolsshouldnotcompete

witheachotherorattempttopoach(窃取)pupils.7．Heremovedhishandfromhershoulder.8．Everyevening,thelocalpeoplewalkaround

thepark.9．Thestudyshowedadeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeingabandonedtothecareofstrangers.10．Theycelebratetheirweddinganniver

saryannually.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这个国家正为改革做准备。Thecountryis_making_preparationsforreform.2．在他们十周年结婚纪念日，他给她买了一枚钻戒。Heboughtheradiamondringontheir_tenth_wedding_anniv

ersary.3．她是一名财政专家。Sheisan_expert_in_finance.4．他对我们示意去跟随他。Hesignaled_to_ustofollowhim.5．当地方言很难懂。Itwasdifficulttoundersta

ndthe_local_dialect.真题精读·素养精练(二十)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNa

tionalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.Graywolveso

ncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopme

nt.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wherethe

rewerefewerhumansaround.Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations—majorfoodsources(来源)forthewolf

—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Inthe

absenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'sredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark'sbeavers.As

earlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontro

ltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearsc

omingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowsto

ne.Today,thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacom

eback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthe

countryaswell.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在争议了几年之后黄石国家公园终于把灰狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内的生态平衡。28．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.B．Plantdiv

ersityintheYellowstonearea.C．Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.D．ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要谈了

将灰狼重新引入黄石国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选D。29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean?A．Tested.B．Separa

ted.C．Forcedout.D．Trackeddown.解析：选C词义猜测题。由第二段第一句话可知，曾经在黄石公园里到处都能看见灰狼，下文提到但后来由于人类的发展灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了，因此可以推出，displaced意为“被迫离开”，故选C。30．Whatdidthedis

appearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A．Damagetolocalecology.B．Adeclineinthepark'sincome.C．Preservationofvegetation.D．Anincreaseintheva

rietyofanimals.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速增长，消耗了大量的植被，减少了植物种类，同时丛林狼的数量增多，园内很多的红狐被猎杀，而河狸也被赶出了公园，由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的生态环境产生了损害

。故选A。31．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Uncaring.

解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“avaluableexperiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．We'rein

terestedinthesourceofthesenews.A．reasonB．developmentC．originD．spread2．Vegetationpatternschangedwhengo

atswereintroducedtotheisland.A．broughtB．transportedC．presentedD．shown3．Theunexpectednewsknockedhimback.A．excitingB．unbe

lievableC．shockingD．unforeseen4．Allweneedtodoisproducingmore,consumingless,orboth.A．eatingB．wastingC．harming

D．destroying5．Thereisaneedforgreaterdiversityandchoiceineducation.A．varietyB．optionC．opportunityD．access答案：1.C2.A3.D4.B5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Health

-consciousconsumers(consume)wantmoreinformationaboutthefoodtheybuy.2．PricesareoftenhigherinHawaiithaninthecontinental(continent)United

States.3．Wehopetoshowourdiversity(diverse)andourrighttochoose.4．Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence(absent),whichmademe

veryannoyed.5．Theweathergradually(gradual)improved.6．Historiansuseawiderangeofprimaryandsecondarysources(so

urce)fortheirresearch.Ⅲ.选词填空vegetation，consumption，reintroduce，diverse，expect，comeback，biology，resource，comeup，oppose1．Itisreportedthatwaterconsum

ptiondecreasedduringthewinter.2．Indiahasalwaysbeenoneofthemostreligiouslydiversecountries.3．Iexpecttoseemyunclew

hohasbeenabroadforyears.4．Wehaven'tmetforalongtime,soletmereintroducemyself.5．Wemustmakethemostefficientuseoftheavailablefinancia

lresources.6．Thequestionisboundtocome_upatthemeeting.7．Helostthelastelectionbuthopestomakeacomebacknexttime.8．Howfarishuma

nnaturedeterminedbybiology?9．Ourancestorswouldhavedependedonthewaterandvegetationthatgrewaroundthelake.10．Shouldweopposethepresidentorjustnotsuppor

tthepresident?Ⅳ.补全句子1．蒂姆，让我把你介绍给我叔叔的秘书玛丽·沃勒吧。Tim,letmeintroduce_you_tomyuncle'ssecretary,MaryWaller.

2．不要对他期望太大。Donotexpect_too_muchofhim.3．乔第二天一整天都不在家。Joewas_absent_fromthehouseallthenextday.4．她想出了增加销售量的一个新方法。Shecame_up_withane

wideaforincreasingsales.5．他似乎没有注意到我在场。Hehardlyseemedtonotice_my_presence.