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真题精读·素养精练(一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butshei

scookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthom

eeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodM

orningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Fin

n,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant，”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份)

,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywec

anmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceon

howtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadiff

erentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthef

amily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。《早安英国》的节目主持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目

——SaveMoney：GoodFood，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。24．WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A．Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B．Shehasstartedanewpro

gramme.C．Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D．Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“sheiscookingupastormin

herlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget”可知，苏珊娜·瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲地烹饪——向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美

味营养的饭菜，由此可知，这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目。25．HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A．Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B．Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C．

Heassistsherincookingmatters.D．Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“withthehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoredu

cefoodwaste”可知，苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议，也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。26．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A．Summarizethepr

eviousparagraphs.B．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C．Addsomebackgroundinformation.D．Introduceanewtopicf

ordiscussion.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一节目是仿照了SaveMoney：GoodHealth的风格，为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取有价值的建议，因此本段是介绍这个节

目的背景的。27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB．BalancingOurDailyDietC．MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD．CookingWel

lforLess解析：选D标题归纳题。全文介绍了SaveMoney：GoodFood这一档电视节目，旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，因此D项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Afewofmyteache

rsofferextrahelpafterclass.A．giveB．affordC．achieveD．add2．Lookingthroughthenewspaperseveryday,weare_used_toreadingterrifyingreportsaboutcrimes.A．aref

ondofB．areaccustomedtoC．areafraidofD．areaddictedto3．Thedeputyairportmanagersaidtherewasnoapparentexplanationforthecrash.A．s

ignB．reasonC．symbolD．influence4．Thegovernmentistakinganactiveroleinimprovingpublicschools.A．dutyB．affecti

onC．partD．aid5．Thejobgaveheranopportunitytogainvaluableexperience.A．expensiveB．richC．abundantD．useful6．Thelidistootight.Ican

'tloosenit.A．fastenedB．smallC．thinD．extraordinary答案：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thewindmadethegirl'swoolenscarftightly(tight)aroundher

neck.2．Irealizedknowledgeisvaluable(value)onlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.3．Eventhestudentswhousedtodislike(dislike)Engli

shhaveturnedouttobeinterestedinthesubject.4．Thissimplewayofhelpingpeopleisnowmakingabigdifference(different)tosociety.5．Forsometi

menow,worldleadershavebeenpointingoutthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction(reduce)．6．Noonehascomeupwithaconvincingex

planation(explain)ofwhydinosaursdiedout.7．It'simportanttospendyourtimeproductively(product)．8．SheisasuccessasaTVpresenter(present)butshedo

esn'thavemuchexperienceinmanagingaclothesshop.9．Itiswellworthmakinganefforttopromotethepublicawareness(aware)ofenvironmentalprotection.10

．Hebroughtupapractical(practice)planinthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.Ⅲ.选词填空role，present，value，

productive，inspire，celebration，advise，payoff，explain，bereducedto1．Inspiredbythespeech,thelittlegirlmadeuphermindto

workevenharder.2．Whenthemooncameup,theyoungpeoplebegantheircelebration.3．Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation(创新),y

ouneedtohandinareport,explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.4．Moreandmorepeopleareadvisedtogotoworkbybus.5．Socialnetworkss

uchasFacebookandTwitternowalsoplayamajorroleinbuildingnewfriendship.6．Believeitornot,therichmanshouldbe_reduce

d_tobeggingforaliving.7．Thehousesbeingbuiltatpresentforthelow-incomefamilieswillbecompletednextMay.8．Lastmonth,Iwasbusypreparingforthefinale

xamination,hopingthatIcouldperformwell.Finallyallmyeffortspaid_off.9．HeisaproductivecontemporaryChinesewriter,andhaspublisheddozensofshortstoriesre

latedtothecountryside.10．Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．众所周知，英国人习惯于靠左边开车。Asweallknow,En

glishpeopleare_used_to_drivingontheleft.2．媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着重要作用。Themediaplay_a_major_role_ininfluencingpeople'sopinions.3．如果我们要想在生活中有所作为，重要的一

点就是我们应该从小事做起。Ifwearetomake_a_differenceinlife,it'svitalthatwe(should)beginwithsmallthings.4．孩子们主动要求洗盘子。Thekidsoffered_to_do/washthedishes.5．她决心要把自己的

新想法付诸实践。She'sdeterminedtoputhernewideasinto_practice.6．你英语说得非常好，但应多注意书面英语。YouspeakEnglishverywell,butmore_attention_should_be_paid_toyour

writtenEnglish.真题精读·素养精练(二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,

butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)gr

oupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhad

justfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsett

lingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-sta

teandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagest

odisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languag

es.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,

oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages

;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccount

sforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpe

oplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft

.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)or

WadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世

界上语言多样性的发展变化以及现在很多语言面临消亡的威胁这一现象。28．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerela

rgeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Somelanguageexpertsbelieve...12,000languagesbetweent

hem.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能说12000种语言。由此可推断，狩猎时代的语言种类很多。29.Whichofthefollowingbestexpl

ains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful.D．Modern.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominan

tlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover”可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，这就暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful(强大的，

有影响力的)。30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800.B．About3,400.C．About2,400.D．About1,200.解析：选B数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“Atpresen

t,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6800种语言；再根据“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalfthe

world'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用人数少于6000。31.Whatisthemainid

eaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydet

ermineslanguageevolution.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知，随着社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类社会的发展使得世界上语言的种类越来越少。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核

心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Thedistributionofresourcesinthisareaislargelyuneven.A．unequalB．unbearableC．unbelievableD．uncertain2．Suchproblemsareau

niversalfeatureofoldage.A．particularB．commonC．separateD．familiar3．Therumorabouthimspreadthroughoutthetownamongthepeoplerapidly.A．leakedB．flowedC．c

irculatedD．floated4．I'mgoingtotake_overthecompanyoneday.A．workforB．setupC．getcontrolofD．engagein5．Theirgeneralpracticeinsuchcas

esistoofferadeal.A．specialB．fantasticC．extremeD．usual答案：1.A2.B3.C4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Greatchangeshavetakenplacerecently(recent)int

hismountainareainthepastfewyears.2．Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief(believe)thatyouarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield

.3．Therehavebeensignificantcomputerdevelopments(develop)duringthelastdecade.4．Cellphones,whicharenowuniversally(universe

)recognizedasamust,haveagreateffectonus.5．Ontheotherhand,somestudentsholdtheviewthatlaboreducation(educate)willt

akeuptheirtime,whichwillbespentstudying.6．MyinterestandskillinEnglish,communication(communicate)andteamwor

kcontributetomyapplicationforthejob.7．Healthandenvironmentalproblemshavebecomeincreasingly(increase)thefo

cusofattention.8．Whowillbeinchargeofthedistribution(distribute)offoodandclothingtothefloodvictims?9．Itisgenerally(genera

l)believedthatteacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersinclass.10．Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanc

eofsurvival(survive)．Ⅲ.选词填空spread，believein，universe，educate，communicate，increase，distribute，relative1．Thescientistexplained

inhisbookhowtheuniversecameintobeing.2．Ithinkwhenyouareintroubleyoushouldcommunicatewithyourparentsorfriendsfirst.3．Thedoctorsdistributedthe

medicinestothepeopleinthefloodedarealastmonth.4．Thepublicurgedthegovernmenttotakeimmediatemeasurestopreventtheforestfi

refromspreading.5．Hehadtogiveinasaresultofthepressurefromhisparentsandrelatives.6．Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheear

th'sgravityincreased.7．Thepeoplewhoworkherearewelleducatedandopen-minded.8．Cheerup!Youmustbelieve_inyourselfandyouwillgetsuccess

.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我认为李萍很适合这个职位。Ihold_the_belief_thatLiPingisquitesuitableforthepost.2．一般说来，一个运动员在赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。Generally_spea

king,_theharderanathletetrainsbeforeamatch,themorepossiblehe/shewillwin.3．尽量多用简单汉语与当地人交流，这样有助于你练习、掌握汉语。Trytocom

municate_with_the_nativesinsimpleChineseasmuchaspossible,whichwillhelpyoupracticeitandhaveagoodcommandofit.4．

然后，我们就把一些礼物，比如书和书包分发给他们。Thenwedistributedsomepresentssuchasbooksandschoolbagsto/amongthem.5．自从这个新的经理去年接管了这个公司之后，这些工人就没有定期拿到过工资。Theemployeeshav

enotbeenpaidregularlysincethenewmanagertook_over_this_companylastyear.6．她预定今晚发表一场演讲，希望我们所有人都参加。Sheisscheduledtogiv

e_a_speechtonight,hopingallofuswillattendit.真题精读·素养精练(三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·D篇)Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofo

urworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaft

ertheygooutofstyle.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythant

heneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleague

sattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitsli

fe—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsince

theearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthes

cenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Aswea

ccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhavea

TVineveryroomofthehouse，”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin199

2to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,oldde

sktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions

(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution(解决方案)?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexplor

edwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVvi

ewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.语篇解读：本文是一

篇说明文。研究表明，过时的电子设备比新设备要消耗更多的能源，而且危害环境。因此从环保的角度来看，文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时的设备。32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A．Theyareenvironment-friendly.B．

Theyarenobetterthantheold.C．Theycostmoretouseathome.D．Theygooutofstylequickly.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“theseoutdatedde

vicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings”可知，这些过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源，也就是说新的设备更节能、更环保。33.WhydidBabbitt'steamcondu

cttheresearch?A．Toreducethecostofminerals.B．Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C．Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D．Tofin

doutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing...”可知，Babbitt和她的团队进行这项研究的目的

是计算这些设备的用电量。34．Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A．Thebox-setTV.B．Thetablet.C．TheLCDTV.D．Thedesktopcomputer.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段

最后一句“Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsump

tionby44%.”可知，在平板电脑上观看更多的点播娱乐节目，而不是看电视和台式电脑，可以将能耗降低44%，由此可知，平板电脑消耗最少的能源。35．Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices

?A．Stopusingthem.B．Takethemapart.C．Upgradethem.D．Recyclethem.解析：选A推理判断题。文章通过科学家的研究表明，过时的旧电子设备会消耗更多的能源，不环保。由此推知，文章建议人们停止使用旧电子设备。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考

点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Itisdifficulttoget_rid_ofdeep-rootedhabits.A．competeB．removeC．continueD．wonder2．Ihopeyoucanfigure_outwhatIwrote

!A．understandB．adduptoC．workoutD．guess3．Theprogramwouldgeneratealotofnewjobs.A．accommodateB．accompanyC．cultivateD．make4．Thewrite

rpersonallycontributed￡4,000totheearthquakefund.A．resultedB．increasedC．donatedD．discussed5．Televisionsbegantoreplaceradiosinm

ostfamilies'homes.A．taketheplaceofB．takeplaceC．refuseD．remind答案：1.B2.A3.D4.C5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thebooks

onthedesk,whosecoversareshiny(shine),areprizesforus.2．Whiletheywerejustchildren,theymadecontributionstotheenvironmental(en

vironment)protection.3．Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmoreenergetic(energy)．4．Afterhecametopower,_

everyonesaidhewasapowerfulleader,butnowhefeelssopowerlessthatheevencan'tsavehisdaughter.(power)5．Thisisasmallhouselessthan30squar

emeters,butalargefamilyofthreegenerations(generate)livesinit.6．Thegovernmentprovidesthemwithnotonlyf

oodandshelter,butalsothebasic(base)skillsfortheirliving.7．Thepurposeofeducationisnotonlytheaccumulationofknowledge.Anditalsomeansac

cumulatingintelligenceaswellasabilities.(accumulate)8．Allovertheworld,researchers(research)areracingagainstth

eclocktofigureouthowbesttofeedmorepeopleinafast-changingworld.9．Arrestedbythelatestelectronic(electricity)toys,the

littleboystoodinfrontofthewindows,withoutmoving.10．Ifyouwanttobepopular,aboveall,joininourclassactivitiesandmakeacontri

bution(contribute)toourclassifpossible.Ⅲ.选词填空figureout，getridof，track，showup，replace，research，electrical，contribute1．Twohundredpeopleshowed_upfort

hewedding,about50morethanwehadoriginallyplanned.2．ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!3．Fortunate

ly,hisconvincingvoicecontributedtohissuccessinasingingcompetitioninaprogramatCCTV,makinghimfamousthroughoutChina.4．ThefirsttimeIheardofStephen

Hawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontothescientificresearch.5．Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientists

havefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.6．ThereisaheateddebateaboutwhetherE-books

willreplacepaperbooksornot.7．We'removing,sowehavetoget_rid_ofalotofouroldfurniture.8．Wecan'tfigure_outwhyquiteanumberofinsects,bir

ds,andanimalsaredyingout.Ⅳ.补全句子1．一旦你学会利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活带来积极的贡献。Failurecanmake_a_positive_contribution_toyourlifeonceyoulearn

touseit.2．我们必须明白：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚至有时几乎不可能改掉。Wemustunderstandthatahabitisdifficultandsometimesalmostimpossibletoget_rid

_of_once_it_is_formed.3．很长时间我才弄清楚发生了什么。ItwasquitealongtimebeforeIfigured_out_what_had_happened.4．迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。Mi

kehasonlydriventothepubtoshow_off_his_new_car—heusuallywalks.5．微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。Asmilecanhelp

usget_throughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.真题精读·素养精练(四)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)ManyofusloveJulybe

causeit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'

sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC

,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularly

highinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherr

ies(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenba

nanasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removeth

eskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllas

tseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorsli

cedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenba

nanasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丰收的七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，并告诉我们这些果实富含的营养成分和可以制作成各种美食。

24．Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A．Theycontainprotein.B．TheyarehighinvitaminA.C．Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D．They

arerichinantioxidants.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares？”可知，樱桃很美味，故选C项。25．W

hyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A．Tomakethemsmellbetter.B．Tokeeptheircolour.C．Tospeeduptheirripening.D．Toimprovetheirnutrition.解析：选B细节理解题。根

据第三段中的“Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.”可知，往香蕉上挤一些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。26．Wh

atis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A．Adessert.B．Adrink.C．Acontainer.D．Amachine.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“theylovefeedingthefruitandfroze

nbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow”可知，画线词指的是一种机器(榨汁机)，因此选D。27．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook.B

．Ahealthmagazine.C．Aresearchpaper.D．Atravelbrochure.解析：选B文章出处题。从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月成熟的果实，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各

种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食，而这自然与健康饮食有关，因此本文应该摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Chinai

sabeautifulcountryabundantinminerals.A．confidentB．richC．shortD．impressive2．Hewasaniceenoughperson,butas_forhissuggestions,Ifoundthemunh

elpful.A．withregardtoB．aswellasC．inadditiontoD．incaseof3．Mostpeoplereadbookssimplyforpleasure.A．justB．neverC．neitherD．frequen

tly4．Thefireisconstantlyfedwithwood.A．tiredB．strengthenedC．suppliedD．eaten5．Takethemedicineright_away!Hadyoutakenityesterday,

youwouldbequiteallrightnow.A．slowlyB．inashorttimeC．fromtimetotimeD．atonce答案：1.B2.A3.A4.C5.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Wehaveab

undant(abundance)evidencetoprovehisguilt.2．Thecolourful(colour)lifeandfitting-instudyadduptoherunforgettableexperienceinAmerica.3．InChina,t

heprotection(protect)oftheenvironmentisoneofthebasicstatepoliciesofthegovernment.4．It'sreportedthatthecoachwillselecttwelvebasketballplayerstot

akepartinthesportsmeeting.Thefinalteamselection(select)willbemadetomorrow.5．Theplantsneedtherightamountofsunlightandraintogr

owandripen(ripe)．6．Herwordsleftalasting(last)impressiononme.7．Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimply(simple)becausepeopl

eexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?8．Trafficisbad,particularly(particular)inthecitycentre.Ⅲ.选词填空becauseof，asfor，purpose，remove，last，feed，rig

htaway，comeout1．Havingremovedfromhishometowntothecity,Johndidn'tknowwhattodoatfirst.2．Theyhadbeenworkingontheprogramforalmostoneweekbef

oreIjoinedthem,butstillnogoodresultshavecome_outsofar.3．IgotsofedupwithwaitingforhimtodoitthatIjustwentahea

danddiditmyself.4．Youdon'tlookwell.You'dbettergoandseeadoctorright_away.5．As_forthemillionsofdollarsTardarhasearned,theycomefromalltheproducts

,commercialsandabest-sellingbook.6．TodayAPECisplayingamoreimportantroleintheworldstage,whosepurposeistopromoteeconomiccooperationintheAsia-Pacificare

a.7．TheCivilWar,whichhaslastedfornearlyfiveyears,isfinallyatanend.8．Wedidn'tgototheSummerPalaceyesterdaybecause_ofthebadweather

.Ⅳ.补全句子1．为了阻止她去参加聚会，他故意假装生病。Inordertopreventherfromgoingtotheparty,hepretendedtobeillon_purpose.2．讨论了这个问题整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。Havingdis

cussedtheproblemallafternoon,theyfinallycame_up_withasolutiontoit.3．意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩帮助妈妈把包从肩上拿下来。Realizinghermommustbeverytiredaft

eraday'swork,thegirlhelpstoremove_the_bag_from_her_shoulder.4．就我而言，我不反对他的建议。As_for_me,_I'mnotopposedtohissuggestion.5．众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要的作

用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。Asisknowntousall,shoesplayanimportantroleinourlife,fortheycanprotect_our_feet_from_

being_hurt.真题精读·素养精练(五)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommon

SenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofman

ychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)

whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespe

ctivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2－8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentin

readingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechno

logyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading

.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatashar

edinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Dat

ashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspu

rchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andsc

hoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandp

lanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一份调查报告显示，尽管阅读在很多孩子的生活中仍然是很重要的一部分，但是进行趣味性阅读的青少年人数在减少。要想改变这种状况，父母应该在阅读方面起示范作用，帮助和鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。28．Wh

atistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A．Children'sreadinghabits.B．Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C．Children'safter-classactiviti

es.D．Parent-childrelationships.解析：选A推理判断题。第一段交代了CommonSenseMedia发布的报告内容，第二、三段说孩子们的趣味性阅读减少了，几乎不进行趣味性阅

读的人数增加了，第五、六段提到电子书的阅读以及父母的示范引领作用，从这些信息推断，这份报告研究的内容是孩子们的阅读习惯，因此选A。29．Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“chil

drenarereadingalotlessforfun”？A．Inparagraph2.B．Inparagraph3.C．Inparagraph4.D．Inparagraph5.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段中提出“为了乐趣而阅读

的儿童人数减少了”，第三段中通过一些数据来支持这一观点，故选B。30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A．E-booksareofpoorquality.B．Itcouldbeawa

steoftime.C．Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D．E-readersareexpensive.解析：选C推理判断题。第五段提到科技产品与阅读的关系，说这份报告几乎没有建议父母去了解电子读物和平板电

脑对阅读的影响，但是指出许多父母限制孩子阅读电子读物的原因是担心孩子看屏幕的时间增加。使用电子产品的时间增加自然会对健康造成危害。故选C。31．Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentor

eadmore?A．Actasrolemodelsforthem.B．Askthemtowritebookreports.C．Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D．Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“T

hemosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoread

ing.”可知，家长应该起模范带头作用，鼓励孩子多阅读，故选A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Youshouldn'tdeclinetohelpthemaninneed.A．intendB．refuseC．outli

neD．decrease2．IremaininLondonuntilMay.A．removeB．changeC．leaveD．stay3．Researchindicatesthateatinghabitsarec

hangingfast.A．statesB．showsC．explainsD．concludes4．Thereareabout300newproductson_show.A．onstrikeB．onholidayC．onexhibition

D．onduty5．Itwasevidentthatshewasseriouslyill.A．obviousB．vagueC．amazingD．useful6．Severalpaintersareworkingonahugepieceofclothwhichserves_asthescenery.

A．worksB．treatsC．actsasD．places答案：1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thepublisher(publish)expectedthebooktosel

l1,500copiesatleast.2．Shedeclinedto_have(have)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.3．Itisagreathonoraswellasapleasure(please)formeto

bepraisedbytheteacherpubliclybeforemyclassmates.4．Thereisnopointarguing(argue)aboutwhatledtotheaccident.Thepointiswhattodowiththevictimsofit.5．

Timeislimited(limit),soyoumustfinishitin30minutes.6．Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI'mconcerned,_

weshouldtalkwiththemandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)7．Thereisnoevidence(evident)tosupportthistheory.8

．“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashedtoday,Master？”askedtheservant(serve)politely.Ⅲ.选词填空showout，frequently，share，concerning，

pointout，unpleasant，indicate，remain1．Shetriedinvaintopoint_outtohimtheunfairnessofhisactions.2．Itmakesourschooldirtyan

dunpleasant,_anddoesharmtotheimageofourschool.3．Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewithinformationconcerningt

heclub.4．Whenandwheretoholdthemeetingremainstobediscussedfurther.5．Whenhedidn'tknowhowtogetoutofthebuilding,aboyshowedhimout.6．LookingbacktotheNat

ionalEnglishSpeakingCompetitionItookpartinseveraldaysago,Ihavealottosharewithyou.7．Thebell,indicatingtheendoftheclass,

interruptedourheateddiscussion.8．Callonthesememoriesfrequently,_especiallywhenfeelingsad,angryorstressed.

Ⅳ.补全句子1．这名足球明星拒绝回答这位记者的问题。Thefootballstardeclined_to_answerthereporter'squestions.2．你打电话的时候我正要睡觉。Iwason_the_point_ofgoingtobed

whenyourang.3．就我个人而言，不花太多的时间玩智能手机是明智的。As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsma

rtphones.4．根据天气预报员所说，明天有暴风雨。According_totheweatherman,therewillbeastormtomorrow.5．我很满意自己的厨艺。看起来不错，闻起来也美

味。I'mverypleased_withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.真题精读·素养精练(六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·D篇

)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwithth

euncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconve

rsationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourself

amongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbe

nefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.S

malltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySouth

east.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk，”heexplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnec

twithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Oneg

roupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwit

htheirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingt

othewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband，”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell

-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesde

velopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在当

今社会，人们在公共场所或沉迷于智能手机，或与令人不安的沉寂作斗争，人们似乎都不愿意打破沉默与他人交流。作者在文中指出，我们应该从闲聊开始，学会与人交流，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedint

hefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicatio

nbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.解析：选C细节理解题。第一段指出，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在坐飞机的时候，我们和身边其他人一样认真地关注着智能手机，或者更糟的是，与令人不安的沉寂作斗争。因此第一段描述了“陌生

人之间缺少交流”这一现象，故选C。33．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners.B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusing

onatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectw

ithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”可知，Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。34．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk

?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeop

lefeelgood.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句“Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabe

ttercoffeeshopexperience.”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ConversationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallT

alkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项为本文最佳标题。二、素养回扣练，语篇中

的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurroundingthevillage.A．neighboringB．givinginC．circlingD．mounting2．Theshopkeeperstr

uggledwiththethief.A．foughtB．talkedC．curedD．pretended3．Thetwogirlsarenotlikelytotellonefromtheother.A．probableB．alikeC．wea

lthyD．effective4．IwassodisturbedbythenoisethatIcouldn'twork.A．contentedB．teasedC．annoyedD．delighted5．

It'svaluelesstogetangrywithyourself.A．worthlessB．invaluableC．pricelessD．useful6．Youmustbegettingsomethingof_valuefromit.A．valuableB．availableC．a

ffordableD．believable答案：1.C2.A3.A4.C5.A6.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Althoughweadorehisworktoday,VanGoghwasnotsuccessful(success)whilehewasalive.2．I'd

appreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtoadapttomynewsurroundings(surround)．3．Havinggotthenews,hestoodtheresilently(silence)forlong,hislipstre

mblingconstantly.4．Weshouldnotoverlookthispossibility(possible)thatwecan'tarriveontimebecauseoftheweather.5．Itissochallenging(challe

nge)ajobthatIcan'tfinishitonmyown.6．Theteenagerinsistedthathisparentswereselfish,whichmadehisparentsannoyed(annoy)．7．Doyouremembe

rthosetimeswhenyourmothertoldyoutoavoidtalkingtostrangers(strange)?8．Wehopeyouwouldtakeourideasintocon

sideration(consider)andwelookforwardtoattendingtheiPadclass.9．Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluable(value)time,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth.10．Wear

eworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.Ⅲ.选词填空surround，impossible，likely，challenge，annoy，considerate，valueless，so

ciety1．Ifyoubelongtothatshytypeofpeople,talkingtoastrangermayseemtobearealchallengeforyou.2．Myhusbandwhoisthreeyea

rsseniortome,isveryconsiderateandalwaysplacesmeinthefirstplace.3．Thepaintingwehadthoughttobeofgreatvalueturne

douttobevalueless.4．It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenotallofthemarefitforthem.5

．Thereisnodoubtthatwhatacleanerdoesishardercomparedwithanyotherjobinthesociety.6．Failureisannoying,_butwhatfailurecan

teachusmayneverbetaughtinotherways.7．Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.8．Hefoundthathisdaughterwassurroundedbylettersandpaper

sandthatshelookedveryworried.Ⅳ.补全句子1．有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichare_associated_with_smoking.2．为了获得受教育的机会，

他正跟很多困难作斗争。Togetaneducation,hewasstruggling_against/with_many_difficulties.3．毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致过分焦虑。Thereisnodoubtthatstayingu

pis_more_likely_toresultinover-anxiety.4．要求所有的文章与学生们的生活有关。Itisrequestedthatallthearticles(should)_be_related_tothestude

nts'life.5．据我所知，约翰接替汤姆成为学生会的主席。AsfarasIknow,Johnsucceeded_Tom_aschairmanoftheStudents'Union.真题精读·素养精练(七)训练日期：____

月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplace

sbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthem

outhoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoft

ime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野)．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897

,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.Dawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitiesli

keLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.

ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepat

h,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peo

plewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwas

nevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfou

nd.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgold

discoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.Tourismisno

wthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大城市——道森市的历史、发展与现状。24．Whatattractedtheearlysettlersto

NewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture.B．Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition.D．Itsfavourableclimate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段

第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplaces...NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是

它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere

.B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000g

otrich.”可知，在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B．

Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D．Theywereshortoffood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thecityw

ascrowded...newgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．T

heriseandfallofacity.B．ThegoldrushinCanada.C．Journeysintothewilderness.D．TourisminDawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介

绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．It'snotnaturalforachildof

hisagetobesoquiet.A．surprisingB．normalC．frighteningD．interesting2．Lifeintheseamaydependonthesetinycreatures.A．depressB．de

cideC．relyD．increase3．Peoplerushedtobuysharesinthecompany.A．preferredB．enjoyedC．appreciatedD．hurried4．Sensiblep

eopledon'tthinkitisusefultobuythingswhicharenotneededevenatalowprice.A．worthB．worthyC．worthlessD．worthwhile5．Believeitornot,weme

tonacoachtourinItaly.A．journeyB．stayC．flyingD．period答案：1.B2.C3.D4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Bereasonable(reason)!Wecan'tworklateeverynight.2．It

'snatural(nature)thattheymisstheirfamilyverymuch.3．Althoughcellphonescanbringusgreatconvenience(conv

enient),weshouldbewiseenoughtousethem.4．It'sreportedthatinChinamanychildreninmountainous(mountain)areasstillcan'tgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.5．W

ithnowarning(warn),hewasfiredbythecompany.6．Itisunfairthathegetsverylittlerewardforhisrewardingwork.(reward)7．Grandmadoesallhe

rownshoppingandcooking—Ihaveneverseenamoreindependent(depend)agedperson.8．Puttingasidehisdisappointment(disappoint

),hesmiledandpraisedthewinner.9．Thispositionisequallysuitable(suit)foraschool-leaverorforsomebodywhohasworkexperience.10．Eventhoughthefore

stparkisfaraway,alotoftourists(tour)visititeveryyear.Ⅲ.选词填空fallasleep，reward，naturally，worthy，reasonabl

e，tour，warn，rush1．WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththetheoryofevolution.2．Davidhunguphiscellphonean

drushedtohisson'sclassroom,onlytofindhimlisteningtotheteacherattentively.3．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable,_soallofusdidn'tacceptit.4．Havingbeenw

arnedbytheteacher,theydidn'tmakesuchmistakesagain.5．Lastweekend,myfriendandItookatourtoavillageinourneighboringcounty.6．Whenm

othercameback,Ipretendedtohavefallenasleep.7．SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivali

swellworthyofbeingexperienced.8．Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributionstoscience.Ⅳ.补全句子1．那个小女孩对于考试结果感到很失望，站在那里一言不发。Thelittlegirl,dis

appointed_attheexaminationresults,stoodtherewithoutsayingaword.2．据我所知，在那个小镇上购物很方便。AsfarasIknow,it_is_convenient_to_do_shoppinginthatsmallto

wn.3．第二天早上他醒来的时候发现自己身上盖着外套。Thenextmorninghewokeuptofind_himself_covered_withacoat.4．就我来说，我认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。Asform

e,Idon'tthinkitis_suitable_forparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.5．网络投票并不取决于竞争对手的长处，而是他们有多少社交网络资源。Onlinevot

ingdoesnotdepend_onthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourcestheyhave.真题精读·素养精练(八)训练日期：____月

____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenew

CCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Thei

reffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—which

isoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureD

epartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.

Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvis

itorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfect

lymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferent

ages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.Thiscreationattra

ctedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素)．Wang'sworksshowadeepunde

rstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,

saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditions.oncee

xisted，”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstoth

ethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated，”hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheori

esratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare，”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditio

nsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖

项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。28．Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare________.A．followingthelatestworldtrendB．gettingi

nternationalrecognitionC．workingharderthaneverbeforeD．relyingonforeignarchitects解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，说明中国的建筑设计师赢得了国

际的认同和肯定。故选B。29．WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A．Itshillyenvironment.B．Itslargesize.C．Itsuniquestyle.D．

Itsdiversefunctions.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.”和“Thecurves(曲线)

ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑设计风格独特，给人留下了深刻印象，故选C。30．WhatmadeWang's

architecturaldesignasuccess?A．Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B．ThebalanceofEastandWest.C．Theuseofpopulartechniques.D．Theharmonyofoldandnew.解

析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(

元素)．”和第六段第二句中的“Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。31．Whatshouldwedo

aboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A．Spreadthemtotheworld.B．Preservethematmuseums.C．Teachtheminuniversities.D．Recreatetheminpractice.解析：

选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中“becombinedwithpractice”和第二句中“therecreationoftraditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择

与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hehasretiredandleadsaneasylifenow.A．enduresB．playsC．describesD．lives2．Yourpresentationasastu

dentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.A．operationB．growthC．performanceD．character3．P

leasemake_an_efforttobepolite.A．endangerB．protectC．wantD．tryyourbest4．ThisparticularcustomhasitsoriginsinWales.A．

characteristicsB．celebrationsC．rootsD．rules5．Herbehavioriscreatingalotofproblems.A．leadingB．attractingC．explainingD．m

aking6．IfeltamazedwhenIheardthenews.A．familiarB．guiltyC．surprisedD．cautious7．Thebeautifulsceneryattractedmyattention.A

．ledB．performedC．countedD．caught8．Weallhaveuniqueskillsandgifts.A．goodB．skillfulC．specialD．wonderful答案：1.D2.C3.D4.C5.D6.

C7.D8.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．I'mafraidwecan'tattendtheparty,butthanksforyourinvitation(invite)anyhow.2．Aftertheymarried,theysettleddowninasmallvilla

ge,leading(lead)aquietlife.3．Thestudentsinourclassputonagoodperformance(perform)attheEnglishevening.4．Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortto_cut(cut

)downtheuseofenergyinourcountry.5．Today'sshoppingcartsarefivetimeslargerthanGoldman'soriginal(origin)model.6．Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccessla

yintryingtosurroundmyselfwithcreative(create)people.7．Theyhavemadeamazing(amaze)achievementsinthepastfewyears,shockingmanypeople.8

．Theydealwithhome,workandpersonalinterestsperfectly(perfect)．Ⅲ.选词填空abandoned，existence，unique，perform，leadto，award，traditional，attract1．I

nthepast,ItookpartinmanysocialactivitiesinwhichIperformedwellandgainedrichexperience.2．IfyouwouldpreferatraditionalEnglishschool,XUKEnglis

histheperfectplace.3．Thiskindoffriendlyandharmoniousatmosphereisuniquetoourcompany,andyoucan'texperienceitinanyotherplace.4．Th

isprogrammebecamemorepopularafterithadbeenawardedthebestTVShowoftheYear.5．Attractedbythemoviestarredinbyth

efamousactor,Idecidedtoseeitagain.6．Theorphanwasabandonedbyhiscruelparentsbecauseofhisdisabilitywhenb

orn.7．Asweallknow,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.8．Asisknowntous,thePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintoexistenceasaninde

pendentcountryin1949.Ⅳ.补全句子1．正在被讨论的这些问题不是美国特有的。Theissuesbeingdiscussedare_not_unique_totheUS.2．父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Parentsarrangeeverything

fortheirchildrenandspare_no_efforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.3．在办公室工作的人通常被称作白领。Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferred_to_as“whitecol

larworkers”．4．普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌症。It'sgenerallybelievedthattheoverfulltirednessled_tohiscancer.5．没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始存在的。

Nooneknowswhensuchacustomfirstcame_into_existence.真题精读·素养精练(九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·D篇)Adultsunderstandwhatitf

eelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?T

hegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrento

donateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasun

abletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyin

toherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor)．Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdo

wemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestm

yowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionfora

boutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball—simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit

,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedin

thesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjec

tworkedforbothofus.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过引导孩子主动捐献和变卖玩具以及与儿子玩球的事例说明了简单物品能够使我们获得快乐。32．Whatdothewords“mor

eismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Themore,thebetter.B．Enoughisenough.C．Moremoney,moreworries.D．Earnmoreandspendmore.解析：选A词

义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知，成人能够理解物质过剩的感受，可是当涉及孩子时，我们却会认为(孩子)拥有的东西越多越好。再根据第三句“ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslea

rnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.”可知，作者不认同前面的moreismore这种观点。故选A。33．WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A．Savingupforh

erholiday.B．Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.C．Addingthemoneytoherfund.D．Givingthemoneytoasickmother.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“

Shechosetosellafew...whenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)”可知，当我们许诺把卖掉这些物品的钱放到她学校基金里的时候，她才同意卖，故

选C。34．WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A．Totryoutanidea.B．Toshowaparent'slove.C．Totrainhisattention.D．Tohelphimstartahobby.解析：选A

推理判断题。根据第三段第三句中的“Yesterday,Isatwith...determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.”和第四句中的“Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoy”可知作者和儿子

玩耍是为了测试自己的理论：livemorewithless。故选A。35．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TakeItorLeaveItB．ALessonfromKidsC．LiveMorewithLessD．ThePleasureofGi

ving解析：选C标题归纳题。第一段最后一句中的“howtolivemorewithless”是文章中心句。下文逐层展开论述，最后得出论点的正确性。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的

正确选项1．Theroomwasfloodedwithautumnalsunlight.A．keptB．suppliedC．filledD．decorated2．Ioftendonatesomemoneytothepoorchildren.A．occupyB．

desireC．contributeD．charge3．Employeesaretrainedtodealwithemergencysituations.A．taughtB．requiredC．forbiddenD．advised4．Hewasdeterminedt

obecomeaworld-classplayer.A．resoluteB．firmC．competitiveD．detective5．Ittookthebuildersofthewatertowertwomonthst

ocompletethetask.A．finishB．refreshC．prohibitD．separate6．Thereisamovementtowardsgreaterfreedominfashi

onstyles.A．incidentB．accidentC．affectionD．trend答案：1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.DⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemur

derer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)2．Wedonatetotheschoolfundeveryyear.Thedonationisgiventothosewhosefa

miliesarepoor.(donate)3．Betty'smainstrengthisherability(able)tokeepcalmnomatterhowurgentthesituationis.4．Knowin

gtheimportanceofmakingtherightchoice(choose),hehastoselectcarefully.5．Asaresult,hehas_promised(promise)thattherelationshipbetweenhima

ndhisdevotedfanswillneverbreakup.6．Thehomingpigeonis_trained(train)oneitheroneortwolocationsusingfoodandwaterrewards.7．Hishardworkanddeterminatio

n(determine)accountedforhissuccess.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.9．Icouldn'ttotally(tot

al)agreewithhim,butwhathesaidwaspartlyreasonable.10．Hewassoabsorbed(absorb)incomputergamesthathedidn'trealizehismotherhadcomehome.Ⅲ.选词填空flood，assu

me，unable，choose，moving，determination，expect，complete1．It'sreportedthatnearly24millionchildrenaroundtheworldareunabletoatte

ndschoolbecauseofconflict.2．Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,ifadaptedfortelevision,wouldbeahit.3．Iftimepermi

ts,Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.4．Thedininghalltobecomplete

dnextmonthcanadmit1,000students.5．Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenatureth

atgotherintomedicalschool.6．Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.7．TheenvironmentofHongKong

issooutstandingthatitischosenasoneoftheworld'smostlivablecities.8．Aswewerereturninghome,Iwasfloodedwithnewideas.Ⅳ.补全句子

1．每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。EverytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heis_absorbed_in_readingnewspapers.2．只要我们有热情追随梦想，最终我们一定会成功。As_long_

aswehavetheenthusiasmtofollowourdream,wearesuretosucceedeventually.3．虽然汤姆很固执，但他们决定说服他一起去旅行。ThoughTomwasstubbor

n,theydetermined_to_persuadehimtotraveltogether.4．令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。Tomygreatentertainment,hepromised_to_ent

ertainustoicecream.5．你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexaminationand18ontheoral,makinga_total_of65.真题精读·素养精练(十)训练日期：____月____

日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·C篇)Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾

填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggest

sananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdow

npolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,and

thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebre

akdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzyme

s(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdown

theireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyet

hylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell，”sheexplains.“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistatth

eUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butco

mparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,wil

lbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandh

opesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofin

dustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学发现：一种吃塑料的虫子——大蜡螟。它胃中的酶能够分解塑料，

这为人们解决塑料污染问题提供了新的途径。43．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A．Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B．Theyarenewly

evolvedcreatures.C．Theycanconsumeplastics.D．Theywindupinlandfills.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“foundthatthewormsofthegreate

rwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene”和第二句中的“thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams”可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡螟蠕虫可以分解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然

也可以分解垃圾中的塑料，故选C。44．AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto__________.A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB．

findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC．confirmtheresearchfindingsD．increasethebreakdownspeed解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Thenextstep...Isitanenzymeproducedbythewo

rmitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)？”可知，接下来人们需要证实的就是酶是从哪里产生的。故选B。45．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemic

almight__________.A．helptoraisewormsB．helpmakeplasticbagsC．beusedtocleantheoceansD．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture解析：

选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply‘millionsofworms..

.’”可知，研究人员期望不仅仅能用大蜡螟蠕虫去清理塑料垃圾，也期望在某种工业流程中使用这种化学物质，故选D。46．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainastudyme

thodonworms.B．Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D．Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.解析：选C写作意图题。作者通过本文介绍了一项分解塑

料垃圾的研究，显然是为人们提供了一种分解塑料垃圾的新途径。故选C。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Forafee,theywillappearinyourTVcommercial,_atyourcorporateentertainmentevent,m

arketingpromotion,weddingorprivateparty.A．playB．newsC．advertisementD．shopping2．Don'tlose_heart—therearep

lentyofotherjobs.A．besadB．bediscouragedC．regretD．apologize3．Itbecameapparentthatitisgoingtorain.A．obviousB．averageC．lastingD．effective4．T

heydon'tallowpeopletofishinthelake.A．permitB．admitC．accomplishD．accompany5．Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermany

yearsofresearch.A．separatedB．relatedC．developedD．provided6．“Genius”isacomplicatedconcept,involvingmanyfactor

s.A．takingpartinB．connectingC．includingD．waving答案：1.C2.B3.A4.A5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thereweremanydeadfishfloatingintheriverbecauseoftheseriouspollut

ion(pollute)．2．Themomentwe'velearnedthatanartexhibitionistobeheldandthatyou'recollectingsuggestions(suggest)onitslocation,weallcametolife

.3．Ithasbeenconfirmed(confirm)thattheagreementistobesigned.4．We'llberesponsibleforyoursafety,butyouneedtotakeresponsibilityfo

ryouractions.(responsible)5．ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehad_lost(lose)herkeys.6．Apparently(apparent),theiPods,ifused

properly,arehelpfultoourstudy,especiallytoourEnglishlistening.7．Havinggotinvolved(involve)inatheft,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.8．Li

ttlejoycanequalthatofasurprising(surprise)endingwhenyoureadstories.9．Itismorecomplicatedthanwepreviously(previous)thought.10．Yo

udon'tneedanidentity,_andallyouneedisproperidentificationsothattheguardscanidentifyyou.(identify)Ⅲ.选词填空pollute，suggest，accountfor，comme

rcial，ataloss，allow，evolve，comparison1．Hecouldnotaccount_forhisabsencefromschool,sotheteacherphonedhisparents.2．Tobehones

t,I'mat_a_losshowtosolvethedifficultproblem.3．Notallofthemwereallowedtogothere.4．Comparisonmaymakesomethingappearmor

ebeautifulthanitiswhenseenalone.5．CommercialadvertisementisoneofthethingswehavetoputupwithwhenwatchingTV.6．Ifallvisit

orstotheFairyLakeParkdoasthecoupledid,thelakewillbeseverelypollutedandsoonturnedintoahugedustbin.7．Thethreespeciesevolvedfromasingleancestor.

8．Thedoctorsaidhemusthaveworkedtoohard,suggestingthatheshouldcombineworkwithpleasureandkeepbalancebetweenthem.Ⅳ.补全句子1．在我的新发明中我必须

考虑一些特定的因素。TherearecertainfactorsImust_take_into_accountonmynewinvention.2．关于如何学好英语，我的老师给了我一些有用的建议。Myteachergave_some_useful_suggestionstom

eonhowtolearnEnglishwell.3．我不想牵涉到谁该受责备的争论中去。Idon'twanttobe_involved_insomeargumentaboutwhoistoblame.4．已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。It_has_been_c

onfirmed_thatitisthemosteffectivetreatment.5．和逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事情而自豪。Compared_withtheescapeddriver,IamproudofwhatIdid.真题精读·素

养精练(十一)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·北京高考·D篇)PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasof

tenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforni

aDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroa

ds.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshou

ldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriver

lesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetteror

forworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverl

esscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemis

sions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethat

thosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsow

nindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanw

ork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmen

tandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendthesel

f-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealre

adyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectr

ic,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施

)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefiel

dedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)．Butdriverlesscar

ownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinki

ngnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemw

ehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsys

temsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文

。文章主要讨论了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。47．Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A．he

lpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsB．providebetterservicestocustomersC．causedamagetoourenvironmentD．makesomepeoplelosejobs解析：选A

细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety...offermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.”可知，人们对无人驾驶汽车的关注点在于其安全性以及有助

于减少交通拥堵等方面。故选A。48．Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?A．Safety.B．Sideeffects.C．Affordability.D．Management.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Pol

icymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabout...thecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.”并结合上文内容可知，作者希望政策的制定者要考虑这些无人驾

驶车辆的管理，不要扩大现有汽车管理运输系统中的最糟糕的方面，故选D。49．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Employed

.B．Replaced.C．Shared.D．Reduced.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainly”并结合下句中“asthepricesd

ropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。故选A。50．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutur

eofself-drivingcars?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“Thecarofthefutureis

coming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.”可知，无人驾驶车辆的时代马上来到，准备好迎接它的到来吧。由此推断作者对于这种新科技持积极乐观的态度。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Fredhadbeenhercompan

ionforthelastsixyearsofherlife.A．supporterB．enemyC．publisherD．friend2．Yourbookismoreinterestingthanmine,anddoyouwanttochangeitwithm

e?A．exchangeB．chargeC．replaceD．help3．Theboydidnotknowwhetheryesterday'spaperwasanimaginationtoo.A．instructionB．educationC．fictionD．indifferen

ce4．Acircusshowentertainedchildren.A．adoptedB．analyzedC．lockedD．amused5．Thedirectionsofurbandevelopmenthavebeenplanned.A．cityB．suburba

nC．socialD．sociable答案：1.D2.A3.C4.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Noofficialpermission(permit)hasbeengivenfortheeventtotakeplace.2．LiMingwasmycompanionwhenIw

asyoung,andIenjoyedhiscompanyverymuch.Istillrememberthatheoftenaccompaniedmetogotothesupermarket.(accompany)3．Onerecentprediction(pr

edict)isthatwithinthenext50years,itwillbepossibletolinkthehumanbraindirectlywithacomputer.4．ArrivinginLondon,shesu

ddenlyfellillbecauseshecouldn'tbearthechangeable(change)weather.5．Eatingproperlyandexercisingregularly(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlon

gerlife.6．Itseemsthatlivinggreenissurprisinglyeasyandaffordable(afford).Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.7．It'smu

chbettertoimpressthemwithyourimagination(imagine)bychoosingagiftthat'salittlebitdifferent.8．Iwillnottoleratethatsortofbehavi

orinmyclassandnoonewillbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)9．ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcardsweredesignedforentertainment(entertain)andeduc

ation.10．Youshouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakeanappointment(appoint)．Ⅲ.选词填空potential，debate，urban，regulate，imaginary，tolerate，appoint，a

ppealing1．Itissaidthatsometaxidriverspurposelyignorepassengers.Ithinkitreallyneedstoberegulated.2．Fictionreferst

obooksandstoriesaboutimaginarypeopleandevents,ratherthanbooksaboutrealpeopleandevents.3．Recentlyasurveycompar

ingpricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.4．Inspring,thesceneonthetopofthehillissoappealingthatitisbeyond

mywords.5．TheEXITsignscouldnotbeseenclearly,whichpresentedpotentialsafetyproblems.6．Iwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingal

ltheactivitiesonthatday.7．Theparentsdidn'ttoleratetheirkids'rudenessattheparty,nordidtheyallowthemsel

vestobedisobeyed.8．Thecountrylifewewereusedtohaschanged.Thedifferencesbetweenruralandurbanareasaredisappearing.Ⅳ.补全句子1．他们彼此讨论环境保护和经济增长。Theydebated_wi

th_each_other_ontheenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.2．我们约定我们会再一起去那儿。Wemade_an_appointmentthatwecangotheretogether

again.3．我们应该呼吁人们也要拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。Weshouldappeal_to_people_to_savethingsthatthenatureofferstousaswell.4．她在她的电话簿上查询了他的号码，以保

证她得到正确的号码。Shelookeduphisnumberinherphonebooktomake_sure_thatshehadgottherightnumber.5．我感到很累，闭上眼睛，想象躺在充满阳光的沙滩上。Feel

ingtired,Iclosedmyeyesandimagined_lying_on_a_beachinthesunshine.真题精读·素养精练(十二)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2018·天津

高考·D篇)Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,y

ou'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfasci

nation,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenb

ecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewstimulation(刺激)，newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimpl

e，althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtosee

andfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatwewe

regoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahe

ad.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessist

heobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a“

ruby-crownedkinglet”andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.

Thepressuresof“time”and“destination”arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-ground

withjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthe

y'dseen.“Oh,afewbirds，”theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereiti

s,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。跟儿童相比，成年人的观

察能力有所退化。那究竟是什么阻碍了我们重新学习观察周围世界的呢？作者给出了答案并告诉我们应该学会感受和观察大自然，开启生活的新层面。51．AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenarem

ore__________.A．anxioustodowondersB．sensitivetoothers'feelingsC．likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD．eagertoexploretheworldar

oundthem解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.(我们大多数人在孩提时代比成人后观察得更多。)”可知

，孩子们更渴望探索他们周围的世界，故答案为D。52．WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A．Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B．Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C．Tofollowtheteacher's

advice.D．Toadmitmistakeshonestly.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段中作者讲述了自己的一次经历——作者告诉学生们，他们要徒步旅行穿过山里的一条小溪，学生们就开始抱怨水太冷，不愿意往前走，但实际上这条小溪很浅，而且是温泉。作者想借此经历告诉我们不要匆忙下结论，故答

案为A。jumptoconclusions“匆忙下结论；贸然断定”。53．Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey________.A．areverypatientintheirobservationB．arereallyfascinated

bynatureC．careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD．questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知本段讲的是人们痴迷于给事物命名，这阻碍了我们对世界的认知。观鸟者看到一只鸟，知道它的名字后就

不再去注意它，也不再去了解它正在做什么。这表明他们只关心鸟的名字，故答案为C。54．Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A．Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.B

．Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C．Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D．Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.解析：选B细节理

解题。根据第五段的第一句可知，“时间”和“目的地”的压力阻挡了人们对大自然的感知，因为急着按时赶到目的地，人们无暇顾及沿途的风景，故答案为B。55．Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshoul

d__________.A．filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldB．getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC．openourmindtonewthing

sandideasD．tryourbesttoprotectnature解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations”可知，作者

建议我们下次散步时，不管在哪里，都应该欣赏周围的风景，聆听周边的声音，好好感受我们周围的世界，故答案为A。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hehasnotroubleinwritingthatcomposition.

A．needB．difficultyC．chanceD．use2．Iobservedsomethingunusualandcalledthepolice.A．noticedB．approachedC．de

fendedD．delayed3．MadagascaristhemostfascinatingplaceIhaveeverbeento.A．attractiveB．ridiculousC．fashionableD．fantastic4．Hehadbeenbeat

ensenseless.A．unconsciousB．unhappyC．unfairD．unfinished5．Noonehassuggestedhowthismightoccur.A．caterB．injureC．happenD．strike6．Ispottedhiminthecrowd.A．w

arnedB．disturbedC．discoveredD．interrupted答案：1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Iamnowwritingtomakeacomplaint(complain)ag

ainsttheserviceofyourhotel.2．Shouldthepresentunemploymentcontinue,thesocietywouldfaceamoretroublesome(trouble)situat

ion.3．Hehasbeenobservingthesituationofthatregionforalongtime,sohisobservationisbelievable.(observe)4．Withthefamouspyramids

,varioustemplesandsomefascinating(fascinate)museums,Cairoisafantasticchoiceifyoucancometothecity.5．ThosewhoenjoySichuancuisinesaythattheyn

otonlyenjoythetastebutalsowanttosatisfytheircuriosity(curious)．6．Asisoftenthecaseinnature,someplantsaresosensitive(sense)totemperaturethattheycanon

lysurviveincoolplaces.7．Notallarewillingto_do(do)suchwork,foritisquitehardforsomeofthem.8．Lucywas_admitted(admit)toBeijingUniversity,whileIhadnosuchl

uck.Ⅲ.选词填空spot，wonderful，curious，complain，unwilling，admit，pressure，distance1．Itseemedthatshewasangrywithme,andthereforeIwascurio

ustoknowwhathadhappened.2．Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheprojectbecauseoftherisk.3．Withgrowingpressuresbeingputonfri

endshipthesedays,it'simportanttomaketimeforourfriendship.4．Somestudentscomplainthattheyareloadedwithtoomuchhomework.5．Therailwaystat

ionisatadistanceoftwomilesawayfromourschool.6．Theviewfromthetopofthetowerwaswonderful.7．Twoyearsago,Iwasadmittedtoahighschool.8．Thenextmorni

ngI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我突然想起来，你煮的面条味道还真不错！It_occurred_to_me_thatthen

oodlesyoucookedtastedgood.2．他三天没睡觉了，难怪他疲惫不堪。Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.No_wonderthatheistiredout.3．美

国的高中生生活是一个不错的选择，因为中国的学生对美国学生的学校生活非常好奇。ThelifeofAmericanhighschoolstudentsisagoodchoicebecauseChinesestudentsare_curious_abouttheschoollif

eofAmericanstudents.4．我们没时间进行体育活动、听音乐，更不用说电影、电视节目了。Wedon'thavetimeforsports,evenmusic,not_to_mentionfilmsandTVprograms.5

．她常常抱怨说在工作上得不到赏识。Sheoftencomplains_about/ofnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.真题精读·素养精练(十三)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇)PacificSci

enceCenterGuide◆VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStoreDon'tforgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'sStorewhileyoua

reheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightne

xttotheLaserDome.◆Hungry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspec

ials.ThecaféislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourbeforePacificScienceCentercloses.◆RentalInformationLock

ersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuilding1neartheInformationDeskandinBuilding3.Pushchairsandwheelchai

rsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.◆SupportPacificScienceCenterSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringa

passion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayeara

ndbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecann

otachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyo

ucansupportPacificScienceCenter.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章为游客提供了去太平洋科学中心的一些参观指南，并鼓励游客为该中心的发展捐款。21．Wherecanyoubuyasouve

niratPacificScienceCenter?A．InBuilding1.B．InBuilding3.C．AttheLaserDome.D．AttheDennyWayentrance.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“...ors

ouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome”可知，纪念品商店坐落于3号楼，故选

B。22．WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?A．Trainscienceteachers.B．Distributesciencebooks.C．Inspiresci

entificresearch.D．Takesciencetotheclassroom.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquir

y-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityevents”可知，太平洋科学中心把科学教育带入课堂，故选D。23．Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A．Toencouragedonations

.B．Toadvertisecomingevents.C．Tointroducespecialexhibits.D．TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.解析：选A写作意图题。根据最后一部分的标题“SupportPacificScienceCenter”和

“Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.”可知，该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，也就是捐款。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意

思相近的正确选项1．Hisapartmentisinareallygoodlocation.A．centerB．souvenirC．positionD．community2．AvisittotheWestLakeisan_unforgettableexperie

nce.A．animpressiveB．agratefulC．ameaningfulD．agenerous3．HelivedinParisfor3months,duringwhichhepicked_upsomeFrench.A．mindedB．learnedC．insp

iredD．rented4．Ihavenooptionbuttogo.A．operationB．educationC．snackD．choice5．In_addition_tothenamesonthelist,ther

earesixotherapplicants.A．DuringB．ExceptC．BesidesD．Becauseof6．Wilsonhasachievedconsiderablesuccessasanartist.A．amazedB．completedC．accomp

lishedD．required答案：1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C6.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Itisimportanttohaveasenseofbelonging(belong)．2．Sheisapassionate(passion)supporterofwomen'

srights.3．Youmustbeveryproudofyourachievement(s)(achieve)．4．Somebirdsmigrateseasonally(seasonal)．5．Sheneveragreedtothepub

licexhibition(exhibit)ofhersculptureswhileshewasstillalive.6．Ihungpostersinmylocker(lock),andfinallyfeltlike

Iwasathome.7．Wecan'tgoalongthatroadbecausethesignsays“NoEntry(entrance)”．8．Additionally(addition),therearegreatworksfromaroundtheworld,which

,Ithink,willcertainlyattractvisitors'eyes.Ⅲ.选词填空forgettable，locate，inadditionto，lock，belongto，enter，passionate，ac

hieve1．Hecouldn'thave_achievedhisambitionifithadn'tbeenforyourhelp.2．Telltheotherpeoplesomethingyouarepassionateabouta

ndwhy.3．In_addition_tobeingbeautiful,thegirlishard-working.4．Thelittlebabyhasbeenlockedinthecarfor10minutes.5．Gu'

anCounty,locatedinthesouthofBeijing,isalovelyplace.6．Idon'twanttobejustanotherforgettableactorinamovie.7．China,belonging_todev

elopingcountries,hasachievedgreatlyinenvironmentalprotection.8．SilencefellasIenteredtheroom.Ⅳ.补全句子1．我想知道你是否能去机场接他。Iamwo

nderingwhetheryoucanpick_him_upattheairport.2．此外，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。In_addition,_bydoingthepart-timejobIcangetsomepreciousexperie

ncesothatIcanbetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.3．钓鱼岛是中国的领土，这是不言而喻的。ItgoeswithoutsayingthattheDiaoyuIslandsb

elong_toChina.4．正当他在研究改进望远镜的方法的时候，牛顿做出了彻底改变人们对颜色的理解的发现。Whilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade_a_discoverywhichcompletelychanged

man'sunderstandingofcolour.5．只有以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难，我们才会实现梦想。Onlyifwedealwithandovercomelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectway,willweachieve_our_dr

eams.真题精读·素养精练(十四)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescue

andeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeh

eartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoun

dayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)andi

tseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeow

nerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditqu

icklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Thesea

dvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhat

newsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparents

hadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythe

greatestsightofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一个野生动物救助和教育机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头

鹰雏鸟的经历。24．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Effortsmadeinvain.B．Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C．Feelinguncerta

inabouthisfuture.D．Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段的“Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbrea

king;survivalisnevercertain.”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，因为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。也就是说，救助野生动物的努力可能会白费，因此答案为A。25．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown

?A．Torescueawoman.B．Totakecareofawoman.C．Tolookatababyowl.D．Tocureayoungowl.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMu

ttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)．..a2-to3-week-oldowl.”可知，这位女士给作者打求助电话是为了让他来看一看这只猫头鹰雏鸟。26．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A．Anewnest.B．Somefood.C．Arec

ording.D．Itsparents.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的“Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable...itquicklycalmeddown.”可知，作者做的鸟巢非

常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。27．Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A．It'sunexpected.B．It'sbeautif

ul.C．It'shumorous.D．It'sdiscouraging.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食；再结合第一段最后一句

“However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.”可判断，作者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Coalhasbeendisplacedbynaturalgasasamaj

orsourceofenergy.A．respondedB．takenplaceC．placedD．replaced2．Hehasaverybeautifulvoice.A．possibleB．attractiveC．socialD．certain3．Whattimedoesthe

planearrive_inNewYork?A．gettoB．reachforC．rescueD．continue4．Hewasathoughtfulfellow,gentleandencouraging.A．injuredB．inspiring

C．considerateD．careful答案：1.D2.B3.A4.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．He'sthepresidentofalargeinternationalorganizatio

n(organize)．2．Nothingintheworldcanreplace(place)persistence(坚持)!3．Heplantedsomeflowerstobeautify(beau

ty)thegarden.4．Lindacalledmeonherarrival(arrive)sothatIwouldknowshewassafeandsound.5．Turnoffthewatersupplybeforecarrying(carry)outr

epairs.6．We'rekeepingyouhereforyourownsafety(safe)．7．Thestudentsshouldtakeanactive(act)partinallkindsofusefulactivities.8．Sheearnsenoughmoneytoli

vecomfortably(comfortable)．9．Hiscalmness(calm)madehimsaveallthepassengersonboard.10．Bytakingpartintheseactivities(activity),studentsshowtheirspecia

ltalents.Ⅲ.选词填空active，encourage，carry，safely，calm，absence，hunger，advertise1．Toourrelief,uptonowtheinjuredinthecrashhavebeencarriedtothenearbyhospita

l.2．Theheavyrainmayhaveaccountedfortheabsenceofsomanystudentsthismorning.3．Iwouldliketoapplyforthepositionadvert

isedinyesterday'snewspaper.4．InsomepoorAfricanareas,manychildrendieofhungereveryyear.5．Ifailedagain,butmyparentsencouragedmeandtoldmethat

failureisthemotherofsuccess.6．Finally,herflightlandedontheairportsafely.7．Itisveryimportanttokeepcalmwhenanearthquake

breaksout.8．Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealth,whichisequaltophysicalhealth.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这些新设备将代替那些旧的。Thesenewfacilit

ieswilldisplace/replace_the_old_ones.2．令人吃惊的是，一间旧房子竟然被重新建得这么美。It'samazingthatanoldhouseshould_have_been_rebuilt_s

o_beautifully.3．这位47岁的男子在到达北墨西哥的一所医院时就被宣告死亡。The47-year-oldmanwaspronounceddeadon_arrivalatahospitalinnorthernMex

ico.4．我们可以绝对安全地观看狮子。Weareabletowatchthelionsin_complete_safety.5．让她很不自在的是，他问了她许多尴尬的问题。To_her_discomfort,_heaskedhermanyembarrassingque

stions.真题精读·素养精练(十五)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisa

ndNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalO

rganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.De

spitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations

.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudiencef

orjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”Mor

antellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttorecons

iderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoft

heproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomov

e,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran.Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforada

nceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'

stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutour

selvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimesw

elosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”语篇解读：本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑

战以及如何让爵士乐重新流行的设想。28．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Torememberthebirthofjazz.B．Toprotectculturaldiversity.

C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizat

ion)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立

为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为D。29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgrowing

faster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.解析：选C代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词that指代上段“Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thej

azzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。30．Whatcanweinfer

aboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually.B．Itremainsblackandwhite.C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D．Itchangesevery50years.解析：选C推理

判断题。根据第五段的内容尤其是“Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame”可知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才能吸引

更多的听众。31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRiseandFallofJazzC．TheSto

ryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay解析：选A标题归纳题。本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作本文标题最佳。二、素养回扣练，

语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Withannualrainfallclosetozero,Antarcticistechnicallyadesert.A．dailyB．monthlyC．yearly

D．weekly2．I'dliketoworkabroadtowidenmyhorizons.A．strengthenB．broadenC．lengthenD．deepen3．Healthproblemscanbesig

nificantlyreducedbycarefuldiet.A．greatlyB．anymoreC．officiallyD．formally4．Themedicineworksonhimwell.A．leavesB．lab

orsC．operatesD．functions5．Ithinkthatyou'llfindshe'sveryaccessible.A．approachableB．considerableC．understandableD．acceptable答案：1.C2.B3.A4

.D5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thejazzfestivalisheldannually(annual)inJuly.2．Hernovelshavegainedinpopularity(popular)overrecentyears.3．Sheprovidedemotion

al(emotion)supportataverysorrowfultimeforme.4．Theaimofthepolicyisthepreservation(preserve)ofpeace.5．Therearealotofdoc

umentsnotaccessible(access)tothepublic.6．It'saboutsixmetersinwidth(wide)．7．Thetrueartist(art)letsnothinggetbetweenhimselfandhis

work.8．Teachingmaterialsneedtobeculturally(culture)appropriate.9．Methodsusedbyyoungerteachersdiffersignificantly(significance)fromthoseusedbyold

erones.10．Heisatalentedyoungmusician(music)．Ⅲ.选词填空musician，annually，significance，artistic，wide，accessible，preserve，emotional1．T

heSpringFestivaliscelebratedannuallyinChina.2．Asweallknow,Beethovenisagreatmusician.3．Weattachednosignificancetohisstatement.4．Theyareverylikelytoh

aveartistictalent,oratleasttohavegreatinterestinart,architecture,anddesign.5．Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.6．Theyusuallypreservemeat

byputtingitintoice.7．Hisreadingisofverywiderange.8．Allofushavefeelingsandemotionalreactionstocertainthingsi

nlife.Ⅳ.补全句子1．学生除了学习之外，还需要有时间放松和参加文化活动。Studentsneedtohavetimeforrelaxationandcultural_activities,_aswellasforacademic

work.2．乡村音乐越来越流行了。Countrymusicisgrowingin_popularity.3．安患了抑郁症，还遇到一些其他的情感问题。Annsufferedfromdepressionandanumberofotheremotional_problems.4．我们通

常在从事能做到最好的工作时感受到更快乐和更有动力。Weusuallyfeelmorepleasureandmotivationtowork_onwhatwecandobest.5．敌人企图使历史倒退。他们注定会

失败。Theenemiesattempttoput_backtheclockofhistory.Theyareboundtofail.真题精读·素养精练(十六)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·B篇)IfirstmetPa

ulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsom

ebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.Thefriendshipth

atgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewas

anagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothechara

ctersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmak

ingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou're

fortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman'sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareserio

uslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachoth

erfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwh

atthedealwas,andwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，他们

虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。24．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestudiopowersd

idn'tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn'tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenthestudiodidn'twantmef

orthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.”可知，电影公司起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。故选C项。25．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhaveala

stingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheater.C．Theywerebothgoodactors.D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.解析：选D推理判

断题。根据文章第二段中的“Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.Bothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataret

ypicalofAmericanactors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Theirbelief.B．Theirc

areforchildren.C．Theirsuccess.D．Theirsupportforeachother.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldpu

tsomethingback”可知，尽管我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。27．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.B．Tore

memberafriend.C．Tointroduceanewmovie.D．Tosharehisactingexperience.解析：选B写作目的题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968”

以及最后一段中的“Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Hedidn'tshowhiswifeanyaffectiononthe

irweddinganniversary.A．angerB．funC．loveD．effect2．Shewasseriouslywoundedinthewar.A．badlyB．financiallyC．slightlyD．suddenly3．Lifeisn

ofunwithoutacompaniontoshareitwith.A．laughterB．moneyC．sadnessD．pleasure4．Thegreatvirtueofcampingisthatitischeap.A．advantageB．characterC．conseque

nceD．shortcoming答案：1.C2.A3.D4.AⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Itwasinthesestudios(studio)thatyoungpaintersfoundthesupportandstimulatin

g(刺激性的)competitionofpeers.2．WhentheygottoMontana,theyputdownrootsandbuiltalife.3．Fortunatelyforme,myfrien

dsawthatsomethingwasseriously(serious)wrong.4．“Whatdoyouwant？”hedemandedaggressively(aggressive)．5．Maryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatyp

ical(type)basketballplayer.6．Hetoldussofunny(fun)storiesthatwealllaughed.7．Hehadwonthegamebyvirtueof

hisstrengthofwill.8．Weweredeeplyaffected(affect)bythenewsofherdeath.Ⅲ.选词填空financial，take...seriously，haveaffectionfor，makefunof，aggress

ive，betypicalof，byvirtueof，beofgoodquality，focusone'sattentionon，root1．“Donotmake_fun_ofthedisabled，”saidthegentleman.2．Themanistryingtotrainhisdo

gtobemoreaggressive.3．Doyouknowaboutthefinancialconditionofthecompany?4．Youshouldn'ttakewhathesaidseriously.

5．Theloveofmoneyistherootofallevil.6．Hegotthejobby_virtue_ofhisgreaterexperience.7．Hewaslateagain.Itis_typic

al_ofhimtokeepeverybodywaiting.8．Youshouldbuythiscoat.Itis_of_good_qualityandwellworththeprice.9．MywifeDeborahandIwillalway

shave_affection_forourlovelyson.10．Theaudiencefocused_their_attention_onthespeaker.Ⅳ.补全句子1．大约五亿四千万人受二手烟的影响，每年造成10万人死亡。Around540millionpeopleare_

affected_bysecond-handsmoke,whichcauses100,000deathsperyear.2．有那么多人在盯着他，他感到很紧张。Withsomanypeoplefocusing_th

eir_eyes_onhim,hefeltverynervous.3．别太当真，她只是想跟你开个玩笑。Don'ttake_it_seriously;_shejustwantstoplayatrickonyou.4．她这个人就是爱忘事。Itis_typical_ofhe

rtoforgetwhattodo.5．夏天在海里游泳是多么有趣啊！What_fun_it_istoswimintheseainsummer!真题精读·素养精练(十七)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)Terraf

ugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—

namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetfore

ightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgas

andburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittoget

aTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow

.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneed

sarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomec

loserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialsto

makeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawa

shelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotso

flargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,areq

uirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。28．W

hatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D．Thedesigner

softheTransition.解析：选A段落大意题。第一段的第二句“Thevehicle...likeacar.”介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍了它的空中飞行速度、路

地行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。29．WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A．Itcausestrafficjams.B．Itisdifficulttooperate.C．Itisveryexpe

nsive.D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,0

00.”可知，该飞行汽车是非常贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在车道上。故选C项。30．Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A．Cautious.B．Favorable.

C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeitea

sierforthevehicletofly.”可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FlyingCaratAutoShowB．TheTransition'sFirstFlightC．P

ilots'DreamComingTrueD．FlyingCarClosertoReality解析：选D标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompletedi

tsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.”可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。二

、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．Watchoutforoncomingvehicles.A．passers-byB．trafficC．accidentsD．inventions2．Thedec

isionofwhatnameweshouldadoptfortheclubtookaverylongtime.A．determinationB．decorationC．embarrassmentD．discussion3．Successinmakingmo

neyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionofsuccessinlife.A．exampleB．resultC．standardD．deposit4．Hedepositedthebooksonthedeskandlefttheclassroom.A

．putB．toreupC．cutupD．gaveup5．Theyarebusyattachingalabeltoeachpieceofluggage.A．writingB．seekingC．stickingD．painti

ng答案：1.B2.A3.C4.A5.CⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Idon'tthinkhisdecision(decide)iswiseinreality.2．Theywouldbefarbetteroff,materially(m

aterial)andemotionally,iftheyallpulledtogether.3．Therewasaneatlyfolded(fold)pinksweateronthebackofthech

air.4．Duringourfirstwinterhere,wespentmorethan336dollarson828gallons(gallon)offueloil.5．Hewasaninventorwhoinvented(inv

ent)adevicetoletpeoplebreatheunderwater.6．In1995,acommitteewassetuptostandardize(standard)theTibetanlanguagea

ndnormalizesocialterms.7．Firstly,IfeelthatIamcompetenttomeetyourrequirements(require)．8．Ihatelisteningtohim;h

eneversticks(stick)tothepoint.Ⅲ.选词填空decide，beuptostandard，federal，material，invention，fold，deposit，stick，traf

ficjam，gallon1．Hehasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.2．Coca-ColawasalreadysellingamilliongallonsperyearbythetimeP

epsicametobe.3．TheshoppromisedtokeepthegoodsformeifIpaidadeposit.4．Unlessyourdivingequipmentis_up_to_standard,_donotuseit.5．Wewerestuckinatraffic_

jamonourwaytotheairport.Asaresult,wemissedtheearliestflight.6．GlobalcommunicationwastransformedbytheinventionoftheInternet.7．Onlywhenagricultureisf

ullydevelopedcanindustryhavesufficientmaterialsandmarkets.8．They'rereadytocutthefederalbudgetdeficit(亏损)forthenextyear.9

．Afterreadingitforhalfanhour,themanfoldedthenewspaperupandputitinhispocket.10．Hestuckastampontheenvelopandp

utitinthemailbox.Ⅳ.补全句子1．你能把花园里的椅子折叠起来放入储藏室去吗？Wouldyoufold_upthegardenchairsandputtheminthestoreroom?2．我们决不能放弃梦想，只有我们坚持自己的梦想，才能够克服

各种挑战。Onnoconditioncanwegiveupourdreams;onlyifwecanstick_to_our_dreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.3．信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。Believeitor

not,thereisnosuchthingasstandard_English.4．随着经济的发展，私家车越来越多，交通拥堵变得越来越严重。Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,therearemoreandmorepri

vatecarsandtraffic_jamsaregettingheavierandheavier.5．我到了应该自己做出人生抉择的时刻。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsuppose

dtomake_decisionsofmyown.真题精读·素养精练(十八)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·D篇)Whenaleafyplantisunderattack

,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsects

sendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobe

analarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.Scientistshavefoundt

hatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening？Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighb

orsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoa

renaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itapp

earsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspea

king,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustm

adeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinfor

mationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisiera

ndmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物在受到昆虫的攻击时是如何进行自我保护的，同时引出

世界比我们人类想象的要复杂得多这一观点。32．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsqu

ietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscang

et.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplant”可知，当植物受到攻击时，它会产生一些化学物质。故选D项。33．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A．The

attackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalen

emies.解析：选A句意理解题。根据第三段中画线部分后面的“Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.”可知，正吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐，也就是攻击者被攻击了。故选A项。34．Scientistsfin

dfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirnei

ghborswhennecessary解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty

.”可知，植物能保护自己抵抗昆虫。故选B项。35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefo

re.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“imaginedaworldfarbusier,noi

sierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.”可推知，世界比它显现出来的更加复杂。故选C项。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点

再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．ButthesearenotJane'sfeelings;sheisnotactingby_design.A．quietlyB．intentionallyC．effectivelyD．organically2．Forme,Kunmi

ngisatinybutconvenientcity.It'snot_noisy.A．quietB．smallC．popularD．crowded3．Farmershavealwayshadaparticularinterestintheweatherbecauseithasaneffec

tontheirworkandtheirproductsoftheirworkatallstages.A．influenceB．treatmentC．pressureD．urge4．ThereweretwolemontreesandIpaus

edtoenjoytheirperfume.A．blossomsB．fragranceC．shadeD．branches答案：1.B2.A3.A4.BⅡ.用一个适当的词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空1．Youareabsolutelyc

orrect.Theleaves(leaf)arefromamapletree.2．Icanbringmypicnicmatsowedon'tgetbitten(bite)byants.3．Atfirstglance,organic(organ)farminglooksmuchmoreex

pensiveforthefarmer.4．Whenwewalkedalonethestreet,wefoundtheairwassmelly(smell)andwentbackhome.5．TheUnitedStatesofAmericaiscalledUSAforshort.6．

Thisaccidentmayhavebeencausedbyanintentional(intention)criminalact.7．Ihadtomakeimportantdecisionsthatwouldaffe

ct(effect)mefortherestofmylife.8．Aftergraduatingfromakeyuniversity,hetookuphisjobasanindustrialdesigner

(design)．9．Themarketplacewasjammedwithanoisy(noise)crowdofbuyersandsellers.Ⅲ.选词填空giveout，sendout，pump，organic，beshortof

，noisy，intention，haveaneffecton，bydesign，smelly1．Theship'sradiosent_outsignalsforhelp.2．Themothergotangryassoonasshesawthesedirtyandsme

llyclothes.3．Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.4．Lifeinthevillageistooprimitiveforme;ifyouwantanywateryouhavetopumpitu

pfromawell.5．Theatmosphereofyourclassroomcanhave_an_effect_ontheattitudeofyourstudents.6．Booksrangefromlearninglanguagestocomputerscience

,fromorganicchemistrytolaw.7．Don'tbesonoisy!Thechildrenareasleepinthebedroomnow.8．Ihavenointentionofcomingtothisterribleplac

eagain!9．Jimmyhithislittlebrotherintheeye,buthedidn'tdoitby_design.10．Imuststopabit.Iam_short_ofbreath.Ⅳ.补全句子1．老师要求孩子们在上课时

不要发出任何噪声。Theteacheraskedthechildrennottomake_any_noiseinclass.2．学生们正在街上向大家分发传单。Studentsaregiving_outleafletstoeveryoneonthestre

et.3．总之，条条道路通罗马，我坚信努力总会有回报。In_short,_everyroadleadstoRome,andIdobelievehardworkpaysoff.4．你认为他没出现是偶然地还是故意地？Doyouthinkthathe

didn'tturnupbyaccidentorby_design?5．想一想给你带来最深刻影响的电影、书籍、老师及朋友。Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathave_an_effect_onyoumos

tdeeply.真题精读·素养精练(十九)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·B篇)MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweepingu

ppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75-yearhistory.Thistime,however

,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipme

ntinpreparationforthebuilding'send.ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthe

movieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechose

themoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown.Bradford

saidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.Headdedthatthetheater'slocation(位置)wasalsoareason.“Thisused

tobethecenteroftown，”hesaid.“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses.”Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturn

ingtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.Bradford

soldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterisloca

ted.Thetheateraudiencesaidgood-byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhadshownitslastmovie.Thethea

terwillbemissed.语篇解读：本文讲述的是拥有75年历史的广场剧院在放映完最后一部电影后即将关闭以及观众对它的不舍之情。24．Inwhatwaywasyesterday'scleanupatthePlazaspecial?A．Itmaderoomforne

wequipment.B．Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater.C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.D．Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.解析：选B推

理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish，anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheatere

quipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send.”可推断出，工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭作准备，这是这次清扫工作特别的地方。故选B。25．WhywasTheLastPic

tureShowputon?A．Itwasanall-timeclassic.B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C．Theaudiencerequestedit.D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.解析：选D细

节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.”可知，剧院的老板选定了TheLastPictureShow这

部电影，是因为他认为这部电影很适合。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable”都表示“合适的”。故选D。26．Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?A．Itwillberepaired.B．Itwillbet

urnedintoamuseum.C．Itwillbeknockeddown.D．Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment.解析：选C推理判断题。第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。27．

Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience?A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.C

．Theyaresupportiveofthecityofficials.D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Thoughthemovieis30yearso

ld，mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.”可知，观众含泪观看最后一部电影，想向剧院告别；再结合最后一段最后一句“

Thetheaterwillbemissed.”可以推断出观众对剧院恋恋不舍，与剧院告别让他们感到很悲伤。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．HeisanemployeeofFujiBank.A．crewB

．colleagueC．bossD．staffmember2．Herbrightclotheswerenotappropriateforafuneral.A．remarkableB．automaticC

．suitableD．casual3．Chestpainscanbeawarningsignalofheartproblems.A．indicationB．markC．explanationD．knowledge4．Thetruckswaitedatthewareho

usetopickuptheirloads.A．workhouseB．storehouseC．basementD．garage5．ThewholefamilygatheredtogetheratRay'shome.A．joinedB．a

ssembledC．dismissedD．departed答案：1.D2.C3.A4.B5.BⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Shestressedtheimportanceofcarefulpreparations(prepare)．2．Thereisintensecompetitio

n(compete)nowbetweenschoolstoattractstudents.3．We'remostly(most)outonSundays.4．Sheisstillfinancially(financial)depen

dentonherparents.5．Shesignaled(signal)thatitwastimetoleave.6．Thesetting(set)ofthestoryisahotelinParisduringthewa

r.7．Somehighofficials(office)fromtheStateCouncilwillcometovisitourcity.8．Tiredastheyare,therescuersarestillinsearcho

fthemissing(miss)peopleintheflashfloods.Ⅲ.选词填空abandon，prepare，remove，mostly，end，financial，anniversary，local，appropriate，compete1．Theweatherhasbeenmos

tlywarminourcity.2．TokyoandNewYorkaremajorfinancialcentres.3．Theydecidedtoendtheirrelationshipbecauseofsomequarrels.4．Thecollegepreparesstud

entsforacareerinbusiness.5．Weshouldtakeappropriatemeasurestoimproveourlearningefficiency.6．Schoolsshouldnotcompetewith

eachotherorattempttopoach(窃取)pupils.7．Heremovedhishandfromhershoulder.8．Everyevening,thelocalpeoplewalkaroundthepark.9．Thestudysh

owedadeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeingabandonedtothecareofstrangers.10．Theycelebratetheirweddinganniversaryannuall

y.Ⅳ.补全句子1．这个国家正为改革做准备。Thecountryis_making_preparationsforreform.2．在他们十周年结婚纪念日，他给她买了一枚钻戒。Heboughtheradiamondringontheir_tenth_w

edding_anniversary.3．她是一名财政专家。Sheisan_expert_in_finance.4．他对我们示意去跟随他。Hesignaled_to_ustofollowhim.5．当地方言很难懂。Itwasdifficulttounderstandth

e_local_dialect.真题精读·素养精练(二十)训练日期：____月____日一、真题回放练，每练一次都有新发现(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇)Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroduce

dtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomoreth

an170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhum

andevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.Theywentfarthernorthintothedeep

forestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulatio

ns—majorfoodsources(来源)forthewolf—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityin

thepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'sred

foxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark'sbeavers.Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowston

ePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausethey

fearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU．S.

FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebatecontinueso

verhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfo

xeshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertorein

troducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在争议了几年之后黄石国家公园终于把灰狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内的生态平衡。28．Whatisthetextma

inlyabout?A．WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.B．PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.C．Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolve

s.D．ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要谈了将灰狼重新引入黄石国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选D。29．What

doestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean?A．Tested.B．Separated.C．Forcedout.D．Trackeddown.解析：选C词义猜测题。由第二段第一句话可知，曾经在黄石公

园里到处都能看见灰狼，下文提到但后来由于人类的发展灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了，因此可以推出，displaced意为“被迫离开”，故选C。30．Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A．Damagetoloc

alecology.B．Adeclineinthepark'sincome.C．Preservationofvegetation.D．Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.解析：选A推理判

断题。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速增长，消耗了大量的植被，减少了植物种类，同时丛林狼的数量增多，园内很多的红狐被猎杀，而河狸也被赶出了公园，由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的生态环境产生了损害。故选A。31．Wh

atistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Uncaring.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“av

aluableexperiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。故选B。二、素养回扣练，语篇中的核心考点再复现Ⅰ.选择与画线部分意思相近的正确选项1．We'reinterest

edinthesourceofthesenews.A．reasonB．developmentC．originD．spread2．Vegetationpatternschangedwhengoatswereintroducedtotheisland.A．broughtB．transpor

tedC．presentedD．shown3．Theunexpectednewsknockedhimback.A．excitingB．unbelievableC．shockingD．unforeseen4．Allwenee

dtodoisproducingmore,consumingless,orboth.A．eatingB．wastingC．harmingD．destroying5．Thereisaneedforgreaterdiversityandchoiceineducation.A．varietyB．op

tionC．opportunityD．access答案：1.C2.A3.D4.B5.AⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Health-consciousconsumers(consume)wantmoreinformationaboutthefoodtheybuy.2．

PricesareoftenhigherinHawaiithaninthecontinental(continent)UnitedStates.3．Wehopetoshowourdiversity(diverse)andourrighttochoose.4．Thedecisionwasma

deinmyabsence(absent),whichmademeveryannoyed.5．Theweathergradually(gradual)improved.6．Historiansuseawiderangeofprimaryandsecondary

sources(source)fortheirresearch.Ⅲ.选词填空vegetation，consumption，reintroduce，diverse，expect，comeback，bio

logy，resource，comeup，oppose1．Itisreportedthatwaterconsumptiondecreasedduringthewinter.2．Indiahasalwaysbeenoneofthemostreligiouslydiv

ersecountries.3．Iexpecttoseemyunclewhohasbeenabroadforyears.4．Wehaven'tmetforalongtime,soletmereintroducemyself.5．Wemustmakethemostefficient

useoftheavailablefinancialresources.6．Thequestionisboundtocome_upatthemeeting.7．Helostthelastelectionbuthopestomakeacomeback

nexttime.8．Howfarishumannaturedeterminedbybiology?9．Ourancestorswouldhavedependedonthewaterandvegetationthatgrewaroundthelake.10．Shouldw

eopposethepresidentorjustnotsupportthepresident?Ⅳ.补全句子1．蒂姆，让我把你介绍给我叔叔的秘书玛丽·沃勒吧。Tim,letmeintroduce_you_tomyuncle'ssecretary,Ma

ryWaller.2．不要对他期望太大。Donotexpect_too_muchofhim.3．乔第二天一整天都不在家。Joewas_absent_fromthehouseallthenextday.4．她想出了增加销售量的一个新方法。Shecame

_up_withanewideaforincreasingsales.5．他似乎没有注意到我在场。Hehardlyseemedtonotice_my_presence.