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Unit2Fitforlife能力提升题组训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018南昌高三二模)Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmateria

l:ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼).Describedins

ciencejournalNature,the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch,rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisaminimalsys

temwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots,”thestudy’sauthorswrote.

Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditi

ons.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepoten

tiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They’vetakeninspirationfromnatu

re,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelyso

ftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialpa

rts,suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplicatio

ns,suchassearch-and-rescueoperationsandexploration,”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTec

hnology’sCenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandthequalityoflife.”1.What’sthe

specialfeatureof“Octobot”?A.It’ssoft.B.It’smadeofmetal.C.It’sverysmall.D.Itlookslikeanoctopus.2.What’sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?A.They’reh

ardtocontrol.B.They’retooheavytomove.C.Theycan’tpredictconditions.D.Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime.3.OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOc

tobot’s.A.siliconebodyB.complexcomponentsC.precisemovementsD.flexiblepowersource语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,美国哈佛大学的科学家受到章鱼的启发,制造

了软体机器人。这种机器人可用于搜救、探险等行业,比常规机器人更安全。尽管软体机器人的开发和研究尚在早期阶段,但这种机器人的出现也许会为人的健康和生活品质的提高提供新的途径。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。

根据第二段的最后一句中的“TheOctobotisaminimalsystem...completelysoft,autonomousrobots”可知,Octobot的特点是柔软。2.D推理判断题。根据

第三段内容可知,传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行,此外,由于坚硬并沉重的金属部件,传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害,故可推知,传统机器人并非总是很好地运行。3.D细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Evenifeng

ineersbuildasiliconebody...suchasasourceofpower.”可知,即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体,但建造柔韧性强的关键部件仍面临巨大的挑战,如动力来源。所以制造软体机器人最大的挑战之一是柔韧性

强的动力来源。BIamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstoca

rrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharve

stedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.Ihadonetriplastye

arwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoW

ashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:“Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou—ther

earenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareur

gentlyneededforapatient—please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheld

forme,re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you’reconscious

lyawarethatinthatboxyou’vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“

courier”inParagraph1?A.providerB.deliverymanC.collectorD.medicaldoctor5.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hour

s?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.

D.Theicewon’tlastanylonger.6.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A.ToLondon.B.ToNewark.C.ToProvidence.D.ToWashington.语篇解读:作者讲述了自己一次运送干细胞的经历。表现了人们之

间的友爱。答案及剖析:4.B猜测词义题。根据下文的讲解内容“I’vedone89trips”“fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheyc

anbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost”等可知,作者是一个运送干细胞的人,因此courier与B项中的deliveryman同义。5.D细节理解

题。根据第一段中的“Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.”可知答案。6.B细节理解题。根据第

二段最后一句中的“Shearrangedforaflight...re-routed(改道)methroughNewark...”可知答案。Ⅱ.语法填空Thefirstpracticalcoolingsystemforuseinindustrywasinventedin19221.Will

isCarrierinNewYork,theUSA.Hecontinuedtoimprovehis2.(invent)and,in1928,developedthefirstairconditionerforhomeuse.In1939,elev

enyearslater,anAmericancarcompanyintroducedthefirstairconditionerforcars,whichmade3.possibleforpeopletodriveinamorecomfortableenvironment.After

WorldWarⅡ,manyAmerican4.(company)beganmakingairconditionersand,beginningin1950,manyhomesintheUSA5.(eq

uip)withcentralairconditioning.Centralairconditioningusesasingleunit6.(heat)orcoolawholehouse.Withthis,peoplecouldescapetheheato

fsummerandthecoldofwinternomatter7.theywereinthehouse.Inthe1970s,electricitybecamemoreandmoreexpensiv

e,sopeopledeveloped8.(good)airconditioners9.(save)money.Later,thecoolinggasinairconditionerswasfoundtopollutetheenvironm

ent,soengineers10.(work)toproduceairconditionersmorefriendlytotheenvironmentsincethe1980s.答案及剖析:1.by考查介词。该空前面的was

invented说明该句是被动语态,WillisCarrier是动作的执行者,故在其前加介词by。2.invention考查名词。形容词性物主代词his之后应用名词。3.it考查代词。it作形式宾语。4.companies考查名词。名词comp

any被many修饰,应用其复数。5.wereequipped考查时态、语态。由结构可知,该空是句子的谓语动词;叙述过去的事情应用一般过去时;且句子主语复数名词manyhomes与equip是被动关系。6.t

oheat考查非谓语动词。usesth.todo是固定结构,表示“用……做……”。7.where考查状语从句。结合句意,“不论人们在房子里的任何地方,他们都可以躲避冬季的寒冷和夏季的炎热”。8.better考查形容词。结合语境“electricitybecamemoreandmoreexp

ensive”可知电越来越贵,为了省钱,所以人们研制出了更好的空调。9.tosave考查非谓语。动词不定式表目的。10.havebeenworking考查时态和语态。句子中的时间状语sincethe1980s说明科学家们一直在工作以研发更环保型的空调,表

动作的持续性应用现在完成进行时;句子主语复数名词engineers与work是主动关系。Ⅲ.短文改错(2018安徽淮北高三三模)Dearteachersandstudents,Itisgreatpleasureformet

obeheretodayandsharemyexperienceoflearnEnglishwithyou.IspendalotoftimeonEnglishbecauseIbelieveEnglishisver

yimportantnowadays.Asforme,thefollowinglearningmethodsareveryeffect.First,Ialwayspreparelessonscarefulbeforeclass,soi

tiseasythatformetokeepupwiththeteacherinclass.Second,Ilistencloselyinclassanddoexerciseimmediatelyafterclass,whichhelpsmega

inadeepunderstandingofwhichIhavelearned.Third,IreadEnglishnovelsinmysparetimesothatIcanlearnmoreaboutwester

nculturesandenlargemyvocabulary.Beside,listeningtoEnglishsongshelpcorrectmypronunciation.ThemoreIlearnEnglish,th

eeasyitbecomes.IhopeyouwillenjoylearningEnglishaswell.答案:Dearteachersandstudents,Itisgreatpleasureforme

tobeheretodayandsharemyexperienceofEnglishwithyou.IspendalotoftimeonEnglishbecauseIbelieveEnglishisveryimportantnowadays.Asforme,thefollowingle

arningmethodsarevery.First,Ialwayspreparelessonsbeforeclass,soitiseasythatformetokeepupwiththeteacherinc

lass.Second,Ilistencloselyinclassanddoimmediatelyafterclass,whichhelpsmegainadeepunderstandingofIhavelearned.Third,IreadEn

glishnovelsinmysparetimesothatIcanlearnmoreaboutwesternculturesandenlargemyvocabulary,,listeningtoEnglishsongscorrectmypronunciation.ThemoreIlearnEng

lish,theitbecomes.IhopeyouwillenjoylearningEnglishaswell.剖析:pleasure当令人愉快的经历讲时是可数名词,需加冠词。在介词of后面跟动名词作宾

语。在系动词be后面用形容词作表语。副词修饰谓语动词prepare。“itbeadj.forsb.todosth.”是固定句式,it是形式主语,不定式作真正的主语。doexercises是固定搭配,指“做练习”。of后面跟宾语从

句,从句中缺少宾语,故用what。besides表示“另外,而且”,符合语境。beside是介词,是“在……旁边,在……附近”的意思。动名词作主语,谓语一般用单数。“the+比较级...the+比较级...”是固定句式。