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【例题1】Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividu

als.1Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?2Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsa

remixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersareto

ptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualt

alentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstoco

ordinate(协调)theiractions.3Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludet

hatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsontea

mperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakea

shothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,

“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”4Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),whenev

erapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.5AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemat

tertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.SportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearch

ers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.

F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballa

ndbasketball.【答案】BEGDF【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得优选例题七选五之议论文大题优练6多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。1.上文说大多数人认为建立一个伟大团队的最好

方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人。下文说公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项（运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。）切题，故选B。2.下文说他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。这些

都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项（最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。）切题，故选E。3.上文说为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场精彩的表现要求队员们行动相互协调的程度，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G

选项（这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。）切题，故选G。4.上文说一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现，该空承接上文，D选项（球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则）切题，故选D。5.下文说一支一流球队可能需要达到一种

平衡，不仅仅有最好的球员，也有一些有雅量的普通球员。该空引出下文，F选项（建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。）切题，故选F。【例题2】BuildingTrustinaRelationshi

pAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.6Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salac

koftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal

.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimes

peoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.7It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyou

there.8Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.9Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youa

rethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llh

aveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateve

rythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.10Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperienceto

allowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stop

regardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowl

edgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyo

u’reignoringwhathappened.【答案】BEACG【解析】本文为议论文，文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。6.空前一句：信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得性行为。选项B中的It代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。7.根据前句“Sometim

espeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.”可知他们因为曾经受过严重的伤害因此不能忍受背叛再次发生。可知选E。8.根据后句“Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoices

becauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.”可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己，因此选A。9.根据后句“Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcirc

umstance.”可知此段主要讲述不要把自己当成受害者。故选C。10.根据前一句“Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookate

verythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.”和后一句“Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperience

toallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.”可知看到事情的积极面，并不意味着你就要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。AFinancialEducation—AwarenessDile

mmaWhenitcomestofinancialeducation,themajorityoftoday’syouthwillregarditasanecessityforcertainspecificpeoplewhowanttomaketheircareerinthefinanc

ialworld.1Actually,elementaryfinancialeducationisamustforall,asmoneytransactionisanessentialpartofourday-to-daylife.Supposeyouhave$10

0inasavingaccountthatpayssimpleinterestattherateof2%peryear.Ifyouleavethemoneyintheaccount,howmuchwillyouhaveaccumulatedafter5years

:morethan$102,exactly$102,orlessthan$102?Thetestmightlooksimple,butonlyhalfofthepeoplesurveyedgavethecorrectanswer.2Thee

xplanationgoesasfollows:Peoplewithlowlevelsoffinancialliteracysufferfromthatlackofknowledgeateverystageo

ftheirlives.Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirreti

rement.3Onthecontrary,peoplewhohavealowerdegreeoffinancialliteracytendtoborrowmore,accumulatelessweal

th,andpaymoreinfeesrelatedfinancialproducts.Theyarelesslikelytoinvest,morelikelytoexperience模拟优练difficultywithdebt,andlesslikelytoknow

thetermsoftheirmortgagesandotherloans.Thus,thecostofthisfinancialignoranceisveryhigh.4Whatisthesolution?5Likereadi

ngandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschools.Likewise,parentsshouldengageinregular,constructiveconversat

ionsaboutmoneymatters.Thiswillgivetheirkidsasolidfoundationforfinancialwell-being,whichwillkeepongivingreturnsthroughoutthecou

rseoftheirlives.A.Financialeducationmuststartearly.B.However,theymissanimportantpoint.C.Whydoeseachofus

havetofaceafinancialchallenge?D.Whydoesfinancialliteracymattersomuchinoursociety?E.Richpeoplearegenerallybettereducatedonfinancialmanagement.F.Beside

s,thesepeoplehavemorethandoublethewealthofpeoplewhodon’t.G.Forexample,theyfrequentlymakelatecreditcard

payments,overspendtheircreditlimit,etc.【答案】BDFGA【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了金融教育意识的困境。今天的大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生

的必要条件。实际上，基础金融教育是所有人的必修课。1.上文提示：提到金融教育，今天的大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生的必要条件。下文提示：实际上，基础金融教育是所有人的必修课。故B项（然而，他们忽略了一个重要的问题。）串联上下文，符合题意。故选B。

2.根据下文“Theexplanationgoesasfollows”可知，此句是对一个问题的解释；再分析本段可知，本段主要讲述了金融知识对我们社会的重要性。故D项（为什么金融知识对我们的社会如此重要？）适合做本段主旨句。故选D。

3.根据上文“Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.”可知，受金融教育程度高的人更有

可能为退休做打算，这说的是受金融教育程度高的人的一个特点，F项（此外，这些人的财富是那些没有金融知识的人的两倍多。）是其另外一个特点。故F项是对上文的补充说明，符合题意。故选F。4.根据上文“Thus,thecostoft

hisfinancialignoranceisveryhigh.”可知，这种对于金融知识一窍不通的代价是非常高的。故G项（例如，他们经常延迟信用卡付款、超支信用额度等）是对上文的具体说明，符合题意。故选G。5.根据上文“Whatisthesolution

?”可知，空格处应是对以上问题的解决办法，以及根据下文“Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschool

s.”可知，金融教育必须成为我们学校核心课程的一部分。故A项（金融教育必须及早开始。）承接上下文，符合题意。故选A。BMuchmeaningcanbeconveyedclearlywithoureyes,soitisoftensaidthate

yescanspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?6,butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hemayfeeluncomfortable.7.Ifyouarelookedatformoret

hannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardothers’stareswithyoutha

tway.Eyesdospeak,right?8.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.Ifamanglancesatawomanformorethan10seconds,h

isintentionsareobvious,thatis,hewishestoattractherattentiontomakeherunderstandthatheisadmiringher.Infact,continuouseye

contactoccursbetweenloversonly,whowillenjoylookingateachothertenderlyforalongtimetoshowaffectionthatwordscannotexpress.However,thenormaleyeco

ntactfortwopeopleengagedinconversationisthatthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerisattentive.9,asifhetr

iestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim,sincehebelieve

sinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.10.Evidently,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingtotherelationship

betweentwopeopleandthespecificsituation.A.QuitethecontraryB.ThesameisindailylifeC.Inabusyoumaylookata

strangerD.LookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtoberudeE.ThisshowsthelistenerisinterestedinyourspeechF.Ifaspe

akerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeakingG.Sometimesitdoesn’tmattertolookatsomeonetoolong【答案】CBDFA【解析】这是

一篇议论文。文章主要讲了许多含义可以通过我们的眼睛清楚地传达，所以人们常说眼睛会说话。作者列举了一些例子，来说明眼神交流应该根据两个人之间的关系和具体情况来进行。6.根据上文“Doyouhavesuchkindofe

xperience?”和下文“butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hemayfeeluncomfortable.”（但不要太久。如果他感觉到有人盯着他看，他可能会感觉不自在。）可知该空承上启下，C选项（在公共汽车上，

你可能会看着一个陌生人）切题，故选C。7.根据下文“Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisan

ythingwrongwithyou.”（如果你被过多地审视，你会不由自主上下打量自己，看看自己是否有什么问题。）该空引出下文，是日常生活中常有的事。B选项（日常生活也是如此）切题，故选B。8.根据下文“Butthings

aredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.”（但当你盯着异性看时，情况就不一样了。）可知，该空引出下文，与下文形成转折，D选项（盯着别人看太久似乎不礼貌）切题，故选D。9.下文“asifhetriestocont

rolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.”（就好像他试图控制你，你会感到不舒服。）可知，该空引出下文，F选项（如果说话的人一直看着你）切题，故选F。10.根据上文“Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthe

victim,sincehebelievesinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.”（一个不会说谎的人通常会

因为长时间盯着对方而暴露自己，因为他相信直视对方的眼睛是诚实交流的一种错误观念。）可知，A选项（恰恰相反）切题，故选A。CPolitenessisthepracticalapplicationofgoodmanners,thegoalofwhichistomakeallof

thepartiesrelaxedandcomfortable.It’saflexiblemanagementofwordsandactions,bywhichwemakeotherpeoplehaveabetteropinionofusa

ndthemselves.Itseekstobuildapositiverelationship.11.However,intherushofdailylifebeingpoliteissocialbehaviorthatwefindrarenowadays.12Theydo

n’teventakethetimetolookaround.Thishasledtothelossofsimplesocialrulessomemighttakeforgrantedandthatareparticularlypowerful.

13,peoplebecomelessandlessattentivetoothers’feelings,forhumaninteraction(互动)isalmostlost.Takeforinstanc

etherudenesswetoleratewhenapersonislookingathisphonewhentalkingtous.Beingpoliteisnotjustasimplesocialelegance.14.Thesedays“Please”an

d“ThankYou”areforgotten.Andnotmanypeopleareawarethatthesetwosimplewordscaneasilyopenorcloseanydoortous.Unfortunately,theyoftenforgettosaythes

ewords.Hopeisnotlost.Therearemanywayswecanimproveourbehaviortoachieveskillsinpoliteness.Therearesimplethingswecandotobec

onsideredasapoliteandwell-manneredperson.15,theywillrespectyouback.Justmakeachangeinourbehaviortostart.Usesimplewo

rdslike“Excuseme”,“Please”,and“Thankyou”everyday.Bekindtoreceivekindness.Careandpolitenesswillgetyoufarinallaspectsof

life.A.AstechnologyprogressesB.Peoplehavebecomemoreself-absorbedC.AslongasyoushowyourpolitenessforpeopleD.Sinceformanypeoplebe

ingpoliteremainsachallengeE.ManylanguageshavespecificmeanstoshowpolitenessF.Itaimstorespectaperson’sneedtobelikedandund

erstoodG.It’salsoaboutbeingkind,caringandrespectfultoanotherperson【答案】FBAGC【解析】这是一篇议论文。礼貌是良好礼仪的表现，但是随着生活节奏的加快人们对礼貌似乎有所

忘却，也能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在很多方面影响我们的生活。11.该空上句提到礼仪有助于建立积极的人际关系。F项（礼仪的目的是尊重一个人被爱和被理解的需要）与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选

F项。12.该空下句提到人们甚至不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B项（人们变得更加以自我为中心，更加自恋）与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。13.该空下句提到人们变得越来越不关心礼仪。A项（随着科技的进步）在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关

心和随着科学发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。故选A项。14.该空上句提到礼貌不仅仅是简单的社会礼仪。G项（它也关乎对人友善，关爱和尊重他人）和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的notjust和本句

的also可以看出两句联系紧密。故选G项。15.该空下句提到他们也会尊重你。C项（只要你尊重他人）和下句构成条件状语从句，且句该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。