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【例题1】Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatherag

roupofthemosttalentedindividuals.1Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?2Theyfocusedonfootbal

l,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%ofthe

playersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’te

videntinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearcher

sexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.3Inbaseb

all,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependen

ceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectson

teamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimse

lfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“Thereis

noIinTEAM.”4Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameof

tug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.5AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,but

afewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtopta

lentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincip

leofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhirin

gthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】BEGDF【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简

单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得优选例题七选五之议论文大题优练6多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。1.上文说大多数人认为建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人。下文说公司花费数

百万雇佣顶级商业人士。该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项（运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。）切题，故选B。2.下文说他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项（最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。）切题，故选E。3

.上文说为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场精彩的表现要求队员们行动相互协调的程度，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项（这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。）切题，故选G。4.上文说一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表

现，该空承接上文，D选项（球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则）切题，故选D。5.下文说一支一流球队可能需要达到一种平衡，不仅仅有最好的球员，也有一些有雅量的普通球员。该空引出下文，F选项（建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。）切题

，故选F。【例题2】BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.6Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salack

oftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whethe

rwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrusta

nymore.7It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.8Ha

vingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell

-being.9Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepo

intinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadofl

ookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.10Instead,it’sahealthy

waytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsom

eone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartole

tithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesi

deofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.【答案】BEACG【解析】本文为议论文，文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。6.空前一句：信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得性行为。选项B中的It代指上文刚出现的trust。

故选B。7.根据前句“Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.”可知他们因为曾经受过严重的伤害因此不能忍受背叛再次发生。可知选E。8.根据后句“Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoum

akebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.”可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己，因此选A。9.根据后句“Ifyou’vebe

enbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.”可知此段主要讲述不要把自己当成受害者。故选C。10.根据前一句“Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopele

ssangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.”和后一句“Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkth

roughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.”可知看到事情的积极面，并不意味着你就要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。AFinancialEducation—Awaren

essDilemmaWhenitcomestofinancialeducation,themajorityoftoday’syouthwillregarditasanecessityforcertainspecificpeoplewhowanttomaketheircareerin

thefinancialworld.1Actually,elementaryfinancialeducationisamustforall,asmoneytransactionisanessentialpartofourday-to-daylife.Supposeyouha

ve$100inasavingaccountthatpayssimpleinterestattherateof2%peryear.Ifyouleavethemoneyintheaccount,howmuchwillyouhaveaccumulatedafte

r5years:morethan$102,exactly$102,orlessthan$102?Thetestmightlooksimple,butonlyhalfofthepeoplesurveyedgavethecorrectanswer.2Theexplanationgoes

asfollows:Peoplewithlowlevelsoffinancialliteracysufferfromthatlackofknowledgeateverystageoftheirlives.Researchersonthissubject

saypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.3Onthecontrary,peoplewhohavealowerdegreeoffinancialliteracyte

ndtoborrowmore,accumulatelesswealth,andpaymoreinfeesrelatedfinancialproducts.Theyarelesslikelytoinvest,

morelikelytoexperience模拟优练difficultywithdebt,andlesslikelytoknowthetermsoftheirmortgagesandotherloans.Thus,thecostofthisfina

ncialignoranceisveryhigh.4Whatisthesolution?5Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculu

minourschools.Likewise,parentsshouldengageinregular,constructiveconversationsaboutmoneymatters.Thiswillgivetheirkidsasolidfoundationforfinanc

ialwell-being,whichwillkeepongivingreturnsthroughoutthecourseoftheirlives.A.Financialeducationmuststartearly.B.However,theymissanimportantpoint.C.Why

doeseachofushavetofaceafinancialchallenge?D.Whydoesfinancialliteracymattersomuchinoursociety?E.Richpeoplearegenerallybettered

ucatedonfinancialmanagement.F.Besides,thesepeoplehavemorethandoublethewealthofpeoplewhodon’t.G.Forexampl

e,theyfrequentlymakelatecreditcardpayments,overspendtheircreditlimit,etc.【答案】BDFGA【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了金融教育意识的困

境。今天的大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生的必要条件。实际上，基础金融教育是所有人的必修课。1.上文提示：提到金融教育，今天的大多数年轻人都会把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界谋生的必要条件。下文提示：实际上，基

础金融教育是所有人的必修课。故B项（然而，他们忽略了一个重要的问题。）串联上下文，符合题意。故选B。2.根据下文“Theexplanationgoesasfollows”可知，此句是对一个问题的解释；再分析本段可知，本段主要讲述了金融知识对我们社会的重要性。故

D项（为什么金融知识对我们的社会如此重要？）适合做本段主旨句。故选D。3.根据上文“Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.”

可知，受金融教育程度高的人更有可能为退休做打算，这说的是受金融教育程度高的人的一个特点，F项（此外，这些人的财富是那些没有金融知识的人的两倍多。）是其另外一个特点。故F项是对上文的补充说明，符合题意。故选F。4.根据上文“Thus,thecostofthisfinancialignoranc

eisveryhigh.”可知，这种对于金融知识一窍不通的代价是非常高的。故G项（例如，他们经常延迟信用卡付款、超支信用额度等）是对上文的具体说明，符合题意。故选G。5.根据上文“Whatisthesolution?”可知，空格处应是对以上问题的解决办法，以及根据

下文“Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschools.”可知，金融教育必须成为我们学校核心课程的一部分。故A项（金融教育必须及早开始。）承接上下文，符合题

意。故选A。BMuchmeaningcanbeconveyedclearlywithoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofexpe

rience?6,butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hemayfeeluncomfortable.7.Ifyouarelookedatformo

rethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardothers’stareswithyoutha

tway.Eyesdospeak,right?8.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.Ifamanglancesatawomanformorethan10seconds,his

intentionsareobvious,thatis,hewishestoattractherattentiontomakeherunderstandthatheisadmiringher.Infact,continuouseyecontactoccursbetweenloversonly,

whowillenjoylookingateachothertenderlyforalongtimetoshowaffectionthatwordscannotexpress.However,thenormaleyecontactfortwopeopleengagedinconver

sationisthatthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerisattentive

.9,asifhetriestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim,sinceheb

elievesinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.10.Evidently,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingt

otherelationshipbetweentwopeopleandthespecificsituation.A.QuitethecontraryB.ThesameisindailylifeC.Inabusyoumayl

ookatastrangerD.LookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtoberudeE.ThisshowsthelistenerisinterestedinyourspeechF.Ifaspeakerlooksaty

oucontinuouslywhenspeakingG.Sometimesitdoesn’tmattertolookatsomeonetoolong【答案】CBDFA【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了许多含义可以通过我们的眼睛清楚地传达，所以人们常说眼睛会说话

。作者列举了一些例子，来说明眼神交流应该根据两个人之间的关系和具体情况来进行。6.根据上文“Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?”和下文“butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hem

ayfeeluncomfortable.”（但不要太久。如果他感觉到有人盯着他看，他可能会感觉不自在。）可知该空承上启下，C选项（在公共汽车上，你可能会看着一个陌生人）切题，故选C。7.根据下文“Ifyouarelookedatformorethannec

essary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.”（如果你被过多地审视，你会不由自主上下打量自己，看看自己是否有什么问题。）该空引出下文，是日常生

活中常有的事。B选项（日常生活也是如此）切题，故选B。8.根据下文“Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.”（但当你盯着异性看时，情况

就不一样了。）可知，该空引出下文，与下文形成转折，D选项（盯着别人看太久似乎不礼貌）切题，故选D。9.下文“asifhetriestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.”（就好像他试图控制你，你会感到

不舒服。）可知，该空引出下文，F选项（如果说话的人一直看着你）切题，故选F。10.根据上文“Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim,si

ncehebelievesinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.”（一个不会说谎的人通常会因为长时间盯着对方而暴露自己，因为他相信直视对方的眼睛是诚实交流的一种错误观念。）可知，A选项（恰恰相

反）切题，故选A。CPolitenessisthepracticalapplicationofgoodmanners,thegoalofwhichistomakeallofthepartiesrelaxedandcomfortable.It’saflexiblemanagementofwordsa

ndactions,bywhichwemakeotherpeoplehaveabetteropinionofusandthemselves.Itseekstobuildapositiverelationship.11.H

owever,intherushofdailylifebeingpoliteissocialbehaviorthatwefindrarenowadays.12Theydon’teventakethetimetolookaround.T

hishasledtothelossofsimplesocialrulessomemighttakeforgrantedandthatareparticularlypowerful.13,peoplebeco

melessandlessattentivetoothers’feelings,forhumaninteraction(互动)isalmostlost.Takeforinstancetherudenesswetoleratewhena

personislookingathisphonewhentalkingtous.Beingpoliteisnotjustasimplesocialelegance.14.Thesedays“Please”a

nd“ThankYou”areforgotten.Andnotmanypeopleareawarethatthesetwosimplewordscaneasilyopenorcloseanydoortous.Unfortunately,theyoftenforg

ettosaythesewords.Hopeisnotlost.Therearemanywayswecanimproveourbehaviortoachieveskillsinpoliteness.Therearesimplething

swecandotobeconsideredasapoliteandwell-manneredperson.15,theywillrespectyouback.Justmakeachangeinourbehaviortostart.Usesimp

lewordslike“Excuseme”,“Please”,and“Thankyou”everyday.Bekindtoreceivekindness.Careandpolitenesswillgetyoufarinallaspectsoflife.A.Astec

hnologyprogressesB.Peoplehavebecomemoreself-absorbedC.AslongasyoushowyourpolitenessforpeopleD.Sinceformanypeoplebeingpoliterem

ainsachallengeE.ManylanguageshavespecificmeanstoshowpolitenessF.Itaimstorespectaperson’sneedtobelikedandunderstoodG.It’salsoabo

utbeingkind,caringandrespectfultoanotherperson【答案】FBAGC【解析】这是一篇议论文。礼貌是良好礼仪的表现，但是随着生活节奏的加快人们对礼貌似乎有所忘却，也

能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在很多方面影响我们的生活。11.该空上句提到礼仪有助于建立积极的人际关系。F项（礼仪的目的是尊重一个人被爱和被理解的需要）与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选F项。12.该空下句提到人们甚至

不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B项（人们变得更加以自我为中心，更加自恋）与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。13.该空下句提到人们变得越来越不关心礼仪。A项（随着科技的进步）在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关心和随着科学

发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。故选A项。14.该空上句提到礼貌不仅仅是简单的社会礼仪。G项（它也关乎对人友善，关爱和尊重他人）和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的notjust和本句的also可以看出两句联系

紧密。故选G项。15.该空下句提到他们也会尊重你。C项（只要你尊重他人）和下句构成条件状语从句，且句该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。