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【例题】(2020〃山东卷)POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3

GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotels

tayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyo

fAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowi

lleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualificati

on.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasingleshee

tofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,tel

ephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two.B.Th

ree.C.Four.D.Six.2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.As

pecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout.优选例题阅读理解（应用

文）大题优练1B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解

析】本文为应用文，内容为诗歌竞赛的规则和奖项。1.细节理解题。根据3GrandPrizes中第一句“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparenta

ndoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据50HonorableMentions这一段“Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachrecei

veaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。3.细节理解题。由Rules中“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemus

ing100wordsorfewer.”，写诗用词不能超过100词，故选B。（一）TheOlympicMuseumfirstopenedtothepubliconJune23rd,1993.Itisagreatmuseumsetinextremelyattractiv

egroundsonthebanksofLakeGeneva.Intotal,morethan3.5millionvisitorsofallagesandallwalksoflifehavecometo

thismuseumtoexperiencethemagicoftheOlympicGames.TheOlympicMuseum'srichcollectionsincludeitemsfromallovertheworld.Thecollect

ionsbegantotakeshapein1915,andhavecontinuedtogrowanddevelopovertheyears.Followingalmosttwoyearsofrenovationwork,TheOlympicMuseumnowhasana

dditional1,000squaremetersofexhibitionspace.TherestauranthasbeenmovedtothesouthsideofthemuseumtoofferabeautifulviewoverthelakeandtheAlps

,OpeningTimes:9amto6pm:fromMay1sttoOctober14th(MondaytoSunday)10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMond

ayorforspecialevents).ClosedonDecember25thandJanuary1stMuseumRates:TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Norese

rvationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.Adult:CHF18Childrenaged6-16(under6free):CHF

10模拟优练Disabledpersons:CHF124．WhatisthepurposeofvisitingTheOlympicMuseumformostpeople?A．Tofindmanynewinventions.B．ToenjoythebeautyofLakeGeneva.C．Tome

etpeopleofallagesandwalksoflife.D．ToenjoythecollectionsaboutTheOlympicMuseum.5．WhenthemuseumopenonthedayafterEasterSunday?A．At11

am.B．At10am.C．At9am.D．At8am.6．Wherecanwebuytheticketsofthemuseum?A．Onthewebsite.B．Intheticketmachineonthe2ndfloor.C．Inth

ethreeticketmachinesonthe1stfloor.D．Onthegroundfloorofthesouthsideofthemuseum.【答案】4．D5．B6．B【解析】4．推理判断题。根据第一段第三，四句可知，

总共有350多万来自各个年龄段和各行各业的游客来到这座博物馆，体验奥运会的魅力。奥林匹克博物馆丰富的收藏品包括来自世界各地的物品。推知，对于大多数人来说，参观奥林匹克博物馆的目的是欣赏有关奥林匹克博物馆的收藏品。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据

OpeningTimes中“10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).(上午10时至下午6时:

10月15日至4月30日(星期二至星期日)(复活节星期一开放或有特别活动)。)”可知，复活节后的白天营业时间是从上午10点开始。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Nores

ervationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.”门票可以直接在奥林匹克博物馆购买。不需要预订。有三个售票机，两个在一楼，一个在二楼。由此可知，我们可以在一楼

的两个售票机和二楼的一个售票机买票入场参观。故选B。（二）Enterthe17thAnnualKids’FishArtContestEachfall,OntariostudentsareinvitedtoentertheKids’FishArtContest．This

freeannualcontestletsyoushowoffyourartistictalentsandlearnaboutOntario’snativefishandtheirhabitats．Thecontestisopentoallstudents：●whoareresidentsofO

ntario●currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool(orhomeschooled)●betweenthegradesof4-12ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResources

andForestry’sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted．PrizesThereis1winnerforeachofthe3categories：●gradesof4-6●g

radesof7-9●gradesof10-12Thisyear’sprizesinclude：●afishingtripatBrennanHarbourResort●adayoffishingwith

CanadianSportfishingTelevisionShowHost,ItaloLabignan●thewinningdesignsadvancetoaninternationalcompetitionKeydatesOpe

ns:September30,2020Closes:December6,2020Announcementofwinners:March2021Howtoenter1.Prepareyourentry：●originalartwork●as

hortessay2.Downloadandcompletetheentryform3.Mailyourentry,postmarkednolaterthanDecember6,2020To:OntarioMinistryofNaturalResourc

esandForestryKids’FishArtContestPeterboroughONK9J3C7Do：●provideyourartisticinterpretationofthefishinitshabitat●submityouroriginal,han

d-donecreationDonot：●usephotographs,tracings,computer-generatedartwork●submitfreehandcopiesofotherpeople’swork●putanylettering,signatu

resorinitialsonthefrontofthedesignEssayWritea1-pageessayabout：●yourfish●itshabitat●howtoprotectitforfuturegener

ationsIncludeyournameandaddressonyouressay．7．Whoispermittedtosignupforthecontest?A．Cindy,a3graderfromOntario.B．S

mith,a9-gradehomeschooler.C．Cristal,wholivesoutsideofOntario.D．Ann,whosemotherworkswiththecontest.8．Whenw

illthewinningentriescomeout?C．March2021.B．December6,2020．A．September30,2020.D．December31,2020．9．Whatshouldparticipantsdoiftheywanttoenterthecontest?A

．Createtheirartworksbyhand.B．Puttheirnamesontheirartworks.C．Mailtheentryformtothecontestholder.D．EnsuretheirentriesarereceivedbyDecember6,20

20.【答案】7．B8．A9．A【解析】7．推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，比赛对符合以下条件的学生开放：①residentsofOntario②currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool（orhomescho

oled）③betweenthegradesof4-12④ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestry'sFishandWildlifeServicesBra

nchemployeesarenotpermitted，这四个条件，四个选项中只有B选项满足。故选B项。8．细节理解题。由文章Keydates这部分的“Announcementofwinners：March2021”，可知，宣布获胜者日期为Mar

ch2021。故选C项。9．细节理解题。由文章Howtoenter部分的“Do：submityouroriginal,hand-donecreation”，可知，参赛作品必须是亲手创作的。故选A项。（三）TheVisit

orOystercardAVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayforasingleadultjourneyinLondon.It’saplasticsmartcard.Youcanuseitonthebu

s,tube,tram,DLR,LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.It’smuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualtickets,insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregula

rpaperticket.HowtogetaVisitorOystercardYoucanbuyaVisitorOystercardonline.Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.Thecardcosts£5andyouchoose

howmuchmoneyyouwanttoaddtothecard.ThismeansyoucanstartusingthecardthemomentyouarriveinCentralLondon.HowdoestheVi

sitorOystercardwork?TheOystercardworksonapay-as-you-gosystem.Youstartbyaddingmoneytothecard.Thenyoutravel,thecostofthefarewillautomat

icallybedeductedfromyourVisitorOystercard.Forexample,ifyouadd£20tothecardandmakeatubejourneyof£2.30,youwil

lhave£17.70leftonthecard.Afewmorepoints:·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult.·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltim

es.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£6.80perday.·You’llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.PeakfaresapplyfromMondaytoFrid

ay(6:30am—9:30am;4:00pm—7:00pm),exceptforpublicholidays.·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,Oysterti

cketshoporVisitorCentre.·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.10．WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisit

orOystercard?A．Youcan’tuseitduringpublicholidays.B．Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome.C．YoucangetafreeOy

stercardifyouorderonline.D．Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon.11．Howmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetu

beseveraltimeswithaVisitorOystercard?A．£3.40.B．£6.80.C．£9.20.D.£17.712．WherecanyouaddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard?A．OntheInternet.B．Atabu

sstation.C．Atatubestation.D．Inconveniencestores.【答案】10．B11．B12．C【解析】10．细节理解题。第二段第二句Yourcardwillbedeliver

edbypost.可知,VisitorOystercard可以直接寄到你家。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubese

veraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£6.80perday.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。VisitorOyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分倒

数第二段ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.可知,可以在地铁站添加，故选C。（四）FourGre

atclassicalpiecesinspiredbyanimalsCatalogueoftheBirdsbyOliverMessiaenMessiaentranscribed13birdsongstopianopieces.Eac

hpieceiswrittenforaFrenchprovincewithatitleofbirdchosenforeachregion.Messiaenusesthe“colouroftones”atitsmostpowe

rful,wheredifferentsoundsinterconnectandlaythebirdsongamongthenaturemostbeautifully.TheCatandtheMousebyAaronCoplandWecanhearsovividly

differentplotsandthetuneiseasilyaccessibletoalllisteners.Coplandusesthepaceandrhythmsuccessfully,whichcreatestheanimationinth

emusic.Lotsofloudanddissonant(刺耳的)chordisfullyappliedintheentirepiece,givingthe“storytelling”naturetothemusic.TheMaidandth

eNightingalebyEnriqueGranadosInthemusic,themaidsingsamournfulsongtothenightingaleasherloverhasgonetofightanotherguyoutofje

alousy,andeventuallydies.Afterhermournful“song”ends,thelastpartofthepieceispurebirdsound.Granadosmainlyusesquickandlightsinglenotestopaintthem

elodiesofbirdsongs.CarnivaloftheAnimalsbyCamilleSaint-SansTheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthemostfamousworkfromSaint-Sa

ns.Interestingly,heforbadetheworktobepublishedduringhislifetimeashefeltitdidnotrepresenthimproperly.Thedifferentmusicaltechniquesa

ndthefastandlightrhythmofthefullsuitetrulymakethissetofworksthemosttypicalmusicforanimals.13．WhatcharacteristicdoTheCatandtheMouseandCarni

valoftheAnimalsshare?A．MournfulB．DynamicC．DiscouragingD．Peaceful14．Whichworkgainsitspopularityoutoft

hecomposer'sexpectation?A．CatalogueoftheBirdsB．TheCalandtheMouseC．TheMaidandtheNightingaleD．CarnivaloftheAnimals15．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourclass

icalpieces?A．EachpieceofCatalogueoftheBirdsisnamedafteraFrenchprovince.B．ThetuneofTheCatandtheMouseisacceptedbyalllistene

rs.C．TheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthefirsthitofSaint-Sans.D．ThecreationofthebirdsoundinTheMaidenandtheNightingaleisdifferentfromCatal

ogueoftheBirds.【答案】13．B14．D15．D【解析】13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，科普兰成功地运用了节奏和节奏，在音乐中创造了动画。说明这部作品展示了动态的这个特征。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段

可知，他生前禁止这本书出版，因为他觉得这本书不能很好地代表他。不同的音乐技巧和整组曲快、轻的节奏使这组作品成为最典型的动物音乐。所以，CarnivaloftheAnimals这本书的流行出乎作曲家的意料。故选D。15．

细节理解题。根据文章第一段，弥赛安将“色彩的音调”运用到最有力的地方，不同的声音相互连接，把鸟鸣置于大自然中最美丽的地方。和文章第三段，格拉纳多斯主要用轻快的单音来描绘鸟鸣的旋律。可知，《少女与夜莺》中鸟儿发出的声音与《鸟类目录》中不同。故选D。

（五）Oneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,Englandoffersalmostendlesspossibilitiesforvacation

ersseekingfunthingstodoandtopattractionstovisit.TowerofLondonBuiltin1078byWilliamtheConqueror,theWhiteTowerishomet

oamazingexhibits,suchasLineofKings,theworld'soldestvisitorattraction,establishedin1652.Oilierhighlightsincludethe

impressiveCrownJewelsexhibition,classicYeomanWarderTours.Ifyou'retravelingwithchildren,besuretocheckforspecialeven

tsforkids,including"KnightsSchool”andotherimmersiveprogramsthatprovidenfuninsightintothecastle'shistory.StonehengeStonehengeisEurope'sbest-

knownprehistoricmonument.It'ssopopularthatvisitorsneedtoreserveaticketinadvancetoguaranteeentry.Exhibiti

onsattheexcellentStonehengevisitorcentersetthestageforavisit,explainingthroughaudio-visualexperiencesa

ndmorethan250ancientobjectshowtheenormousstoneswereestablishedbetween3000and1500BC,andsharinginformationabo

utlifeduringthistime.TheBritishMuseumWithcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld’sfinest,theBritishMuseumholdsmorethan13millionartifact

sfromEgypt,Greece,theRomanEmpireandChina.ThemostfamousartifactsaretheElginMarblesfromtheParthenoninAthens.Besi

des,theAncientEgyptiancollectionisthelargestoutsideofCairo,andthehoardofRomansilver,unearthedinSuffolkin1942,isnothingshortofimpressive.Warw

ickCastleIfyou'relookingforatrulymemorableEnglishexcursionforthewholefamily,andonethatoffersafascinatinginsightintolifethroughexhibitions,y

oucouldn'tdomuchbetterthanvisitWarwickCastle.LocatedinthebeautifulcityofWarwickontheRiverAvon,thisimpressivefort

resshasdominatedthelandscapeandhistoryoftheregionformorethan900years.16．Wherecanvisitorsappreciateexhibitsfromdifferentcountri

es?A．Stonehenge.B．WarwickCastle.C．TowerofLondon.D．TheBritishMuseum.17．WhatdoweknowaboutthedestinationStonehenge?A．Itreflect

slifeofdifferentstages.B．Itismoresuitableforafamilytour.C．Touristshadbetterbookticketsinadvance.D．Childrencanenjoyspecialeventsforthe

m.18．Whatdothefourtouristdestinationshaveincommon?A．Wonderfulexhibits.B．Impressivelandscapes.C．Anextremelylonghistory.

D．Anaudio-visualexperience.【答案】16．D17．C18．A【解析】16．细节理解题。根据第三部分中“Withcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld'sfinest

,theBritishMuseumholdsmorethan13millionartifactsfromEgypt,Greece,theRomanEmpireandChina.(大英博物馆拥有世界上最好的文物收藏，收

藏了来自埃及、希腊、罗马帝国和中国的1300多万件文物)”可知，大英博物馆有许多不同国家的展品。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据第二部分中“It'ssopopularthatvisitorsneedtoreserveaticketinadvancetoguaranteeentry.(它非常受欢迎，

游客需要提前预订门票，以保证进入)”可知，进入巨石阵需要提前订票。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据第一部分中“OtherhighlightsincludetheimpressiveCrownJewelsexhibition,classicYeomanWarderTours.”第二段部分中“Ex

hibitionsattheexcellentStonehengevisitorcentersetthestageforavisit”第三段部分中“Withcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld'sfinest”以及第四部分中“and

onethatoffersafascinatinginsightintolifethroughexhibitions”可知，这四个旅游目的地的共同之处在于都陈列有精美的展览品。故选A。