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【例题】(2020〃山东卷)POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPri

zes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonigh

ts,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaE

arhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwi

nners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualif

ication.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboth

thefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdat

e.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two.B.Th

ree.C.Four.D.Six.2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout.优选例题阅读理解（应用文）大题优练1B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsideso

fthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】本文为应用文，内容为诗歌竞赛的规则和奖项。1.细节理解题。根据3GrandPrizes中第一句“TriptoWa

shington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据50HonorableMentions这一段“Judgeswi

llchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C

。3.细节理解题。由Rules中“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.”，写诗用词不能超过100词，故选B。（

一）TheOlympicMuseumfirstopenedtothepubliconJune23rd,1993.ItisagreatmuseumsetinextremelyattractivegroundsonthebanksofLakeGeneva.Into

tal,morethan3.5millionvisitorsofallagesandallwalksoflifehavecometothismuseumtoexperiencethemagicoftheOlympicGames.TheOlympi

cMuseum'srichcollectionsincludeitemsfromallovertheworld.Thecollectionsbegantotakeshapein1915,andhavecontinu

edtogrowanddevelopovertheyears.Followingalmosttwoyearsofrenovationwork,TheOlympicMuseumnowhasanadditional1,000squaremetersofexhibitionspace.The

restauranthasbeenmovedtothesouthsideofthemuseumtoofferabeautifulviewoverthelakeandtheAlps,OpeningTimes:9amto6pm:fromMay1sttoOctober14th

(MondaytoSunday)10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).ClosedonDecember25thandJanua

ry1stMuseumRates:TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmac

hines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.Adult:CHF18Childrenaged6-16(under6free):CHF10模拟优练Disabledpersons:CHF124．Whatis

thepurposeofvisitingTheOlympicMuseumformostpeople?A．Tofindmanynewinventions.B．ToenjoythebeautyofLakeGeneva.C．Tomeetpeopleofallage

sandwalksoflife.D．ToenjoythecollectionsaboutTheOlympicMuseum.5．WhenthemuseumopenonthedayafterEasterSunday?A．A

t11am.B．At10am.C．At9am.D．At8am.6．Wherecanwebuytheticketsofthemuseum?A．Onthewebsite.B．Intheticketmachineon

the2ndfloor.C．Inthethreeticketmachinesonthe1stfloor.D．Onthegroundfloorofthesouthsideofthemuseum.【答案】4．D5．B6．B【解析】4．推理判断题。根据第一段第三，四句

可知，总共有350多万来自各个年龄段和各行各业的游客来到这座博物馆，体验奥运会的魅力。奥林匹克博物馆丰富的收藏品包括来自世界各地的物品。推知，对于大多数人来说，参观奥林匹克博物馆的目的是欣赏有关奥林匹克博物馆的收藏品。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes中“10amto6pm

:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).(上午10时至下午6时:10月15日至4月30日(星期二至星期日)(

复活节星期一开放或有特别活动)。)”可知，复活节后的白天营业时间是从上午10点开始。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservatio

narerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.”门票可以直接在奥林匹克博物馆购买。不需要预订。有三个售票机，两个在一楼，一个在二楼。由此可知，我们可以在一楼的

两个售票机和二楼的一个售票机买票入场参观。故选B。（二）Enterthe17thAnnualKids’FishArtContestEachfall,OntariostudentsareinvitedtoentertheKids’F

ishArtContest．ThisfreeannualcontestletsyoushowoffyourartistictalentsandlearnaboutOntario’snativefishandtheirhabitats．Thecontestisopentoallstudents：

●whoareresidentsofOntario●currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool(orhomeschooled)●betweenthegradesof4-12ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResource

sandForestry’sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted．PrizesThereis1winnerforeachofthe3

categories：●gradesof4-6●gradesof7-9●gradesof10-12Thisyear’sprizesinclude：●afishingtripatBrennanHarbourResort●adayoffishingwithCanadia

nSportfishingTelevisionShowHost,ItaloLabignan●thewinningdesignsadvancetoaninternationalcompetitionKeydatesOpens:September3

0,2020Closes:December6,2020Announcementofwinners:March2021Howtoenter1.Prepareyourentry：●originalartwork●ashortessay2.Downloa

dandcompletetheentryform3.Mailyourentry,postmarkednolaterthanDecember6,2020To:OntarioMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestryKids’FishArtContest

PeterboroughONK9J3C7Do：●provideyourartisticinterpretationofthefishinitshabitat●submityouroriginal,han

d-donecreationDonot：●usephotographs,tracings,computer-generatedartwork●submitfreehandcopiesofotherpeople’swork●putanylettering,

signaturesorinitialsonthefrontofthedesignEssayWritea1-pageessayabout：●yourfish●itshabitat●howtoprotectitforfuturegenerationsIncludey

ournameandaddressonyouressay．7．Whoispermittedtosignupforthecontest?A．Cindy,a3graderfromOntario.B．Smith,a9-gradehomesch

ooler.C．Cristal,wholivesoutsideofOntario.D．Ann,whosemotherworkswiththecontest.8．Whenwillthewinningentriescomeout?C．

March2021.B．December6,2020．A．September30,2020.D．December31,2020．9．Whatshouldparticipantsdoiftheywantt

oenterthecontest?A．Createtheirartworksbyhand.B．Puttheirnamesontheirartworks.C．Mailtheentryformtothecon

testholder.D．EnsuretheirentriesarereceivedbyDecember6,2020.【答案】7．B8．A9．A【解析】7．推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，比赛对符合以下条

件的学生开放：①residentsofOntario②currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool（orhomeschooled）③betweenthegradesof4-12④ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalRes

ourcesandForestry'sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted，这四个条件，四个选项中只有B选项满足。故选B项。8．细节理解题

。由文章Keydates这部分的“Announcementofwinners：March2021”，可知，宣布获胜者日期为March2021。故选C项。9．细节理解题。由文章Howtoenter部分的“Do：submityouroriginal,hand-d

onecreation”，可知，参赛作品必须是亲手创作的。故选A项。（三）TheVisitorOystercardAVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayforasingleadultjourneyinLondon.It’saplasticsmar

tcard.Youcanuseitonthebus,tube,tram,DLR,LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.It’smuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualticket

s,insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregularpaperticket.HowtogetaVisitorOystercardYoucanbuyaVisitorOy

stercardonline.Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.Thecardcosts£5andyouchoosehowmuchmoneyyouwanttoaddtothecard.Thismeansyoucanstartusingthecardthemo

mentyouarriveinCentralLondon.HowdoestheVisitorOystercardwork?TheOystercardworksonapay-as-you-gosystem.You

startbyaddingmoneytothecard.Thenyoutravel,thecostofthefarewillautomaticallybedeductedfromyourVisitorOystercard.Forexample,ifyouadd£

20tothecardandmakeatubejourneyof£2.30,youwillhave£17.70leftonthecard.Afewmorepoints:·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenacco

mpaniedbyanadult.·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£6.80perday.·You’llpaymoredurin

gpeaktimes.PeakfaresapplyfromMondaytoFriday(6:30am—9:30am;4:00pm—7:00pm),exceptforpublicholidays.·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubest

ation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.10．WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisitorOys

tercard?A．Youcan’tuseitduringpublicholidays.B．Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome.C．YoucangetafreeOystercard

ifyouorderonline.D．Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon.11．Howmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubeseve

raltimeswithaVisitorOystercard?A．£3.40.B．£6.80.C．£9.20.D.£17.712．WherecanyouaddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard?A．OntheI

nternet.B．Atabusstation.C．Atatubestation.D．Inconveniencestores.【答案】10．B11．B12．C【解析】10．细节理解题。第二段第二句Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.可知,VisitorOysterc

ard可以直接寄到你家。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£

6.80perday.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。VisitorOyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分倒数第二段Reusethe

Oystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.可知,可以在地铁站添加，故选C。（四）FourGreatclassicalpiecesinspi

redbyanimalsCatalogueoftheBirdsbyOliverMessiaenMessiaentranscribed13birdsongstopianopieces.Eachpieceiswr

ittenforaFrenchprovincewithatitleofbirdchosenforeachregion.Messiaenusesthe“colouroftones”atitsmostpowerful,whered

ifferentsoundsinterconnectandlaythebirdsongamongthenaturemostbeautifully.TheCatandtheMousebyAaronCoplandWecanhearsovividlydifferentplotsandthetunei

seasilyaccessibletoalllisteners.Coplandusesthepaceandrhythmsuccessfully,whichcreatestheanimationinthemusic.Lotsofloudanddissonant(刺耳的)chordi

sfullyappliedintheentirepiece,givingthe“storytelling”naturetothemusic.TheMaidandtheNightingalebyEnriqueGranadosInthemusic,themaidsingsamou

rnfulsongtothenightingaleasherloverhasgonetofightanotherguyoutofjealousy,andeventuallydies.Afterhermournful“song”ends,the

lastpartofthepieceispurebirdsound.Granadosmainlyusesquickandlightsinglenotestopaintthemelodiesofbirdsongs.CarnivaloftheAnimals

byCamilleSaint-SansTheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthemostfamousworkfromSaint-Sans.Interestingly,heforbadetheworktobepublishedduri

nghislifetimeashefeltitdidnotrepresenthimproperly.Thedifferentmusicaltechniquesandthefastandlightrhythmofthefullsuitetrulymaketh

issetofworksthemosttypicalmusicforanimals.13．WhatcharacteristicdoTheCatandtheMouseandCarnivaloftheAnimalsshare?A．MournfulB．DynamicC．DiscouragingD．

Peaceful14．Whichworkgainsitspopularityoutofthecomposer'sexpectation?A．CatalogueoftheBirdsB．TheCalandtheMouseC．TheMaidandth

eNightingaleD．CarnivaloftheAnimals15．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourclassicalpieces?A．EachpieceofCatalogueo

ftheBirdsisnamedafteraFrenchprovince.B．ThetuneofTheCatandtheMouseisacceptedbyalllisteners.C．TheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthefirsthitofS

aint-Sans.D．ThecreationofthebirdsoundinTheMaidenandtheNightingaleisdifferentfromCatalogueoftheBirds.【答案】13．B14．D15．D【解析】13．

推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，科普兰成功地运用了节奏和节奏，在音乐中创造了动画。说明这部作品展示了动态的这个特征。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，他生前禁止这本书出版，因为他觉得这本书不能很好地代表他。不同的音乐技巧和整组曲快、轻的节奏使这组作品成为最典型的动物音乐。所以

，CarnivaloftheAnimals这本书的流行出乎作曲家的意料。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据文章第一段，弥赛安将“色彩的音调”运用到最有力的地方，不同的声音相互连接，把鸟鸣置于大自然中最美丽的地方。和文章第三段，格拉纳多斯主要用轻快的单

音来描绘鸟鸣的旋律。可知，《少女与夜莺》中鸟儿发出的声音与《鸟类目录》中不同。故选D。（五）Oneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,Englandoffersalmostendlesspo

ssibilitiesforvacationersseekingfunthingstodoandtopattractionstovisit.TowerofLondonBuiltin1078byWilliamtheConqueror,theWhiteTowerishometoamazing

exhibits,suchasLineofKings,theworld'soldestvisitorattraction,establishedin1652.Oilierhighlightsinclude

theimpressiveCrownJewelsexhibition,classicYeomanWarderTours.Ifyou'retravelingwithchildren,besuretocheckfo

rspecialeventsforkids,including"KnightsSchool”andotherimmersiveprogramsthatprovidenfuninsightintothecastle'shistory.StonehengeStonehengeisE

urope'sbest-knownprehistoricmonument.It'ssopopularthatvisitorsneedtoreserveaticketinadvancetoguaranteeentry.Exhibitionsattheexcellen

tStonehengevisitorcentersetthestageforavisit,explainingthroughaudio-visualexperiencesandmorethan250anc

ientobjectshowtheenormousstoneswereestablishedbetween3000and1500BC,andsharinginformationaboutlifeduringthistime.TheBritis

hMuseumWithcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld’sfinest,theBritishMuseumholdsmorethan13millionartifactsfromEgyp

t,Greece,theRomanEmpireandChina.ThemostfamousartifactsaretheElginMarblesfromtheParthenoninAthens.Besides,theAncientEgyptiancollectionisthelargestou

tsideofCairo,andthehoardofRomansilver,unearthedinSuffolkin1942,isnothingshortofimpressive.WarwickCastleIfyou're

lookingforatrulymemorableEnglishexcursionforthewholefamily,andonethatoffersafascinatinginsightintolifethroughexhibitions,youcouldn'tdom

uchbetterthanvisitWarwickCastle.LocatedinthebeautifulcityofWarwickontheRiverAvon,thisimpressivefortresshasdominatedthelandscapeandhi

storyoftheregionformorethan900years.16．Wherecanvisitorsappreciateexhibitsfromdifferentcountries?A．Stonehenge.B．WarwickCastle.C．Towero

fLondon.D．TheBritishMuseum.17．WhatdoweknowaboutthedestinationStonehenge?A．Itreflectslifeofdifferentstages.B．Itismoresu

itableforafamilytour.C．Touristshadbetterbookticketsinadvance.D．Childrencanenjoyspecialeventsforthem.18．Whatdothefourtouristdestinationsh

aveincommon?A．Wonderfulexhibits.B．Impressivelandscapes.C．Anextremelylonghistory.D．Anaudio-visualexperience.【答案】16．D17．C18．A【解析】16．细节理解题。根据第三部分中“

Withcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld'sfinest,theBritishMuseumholdsmorethan13millionartifactsfromEgypt,Greece,theRomanEmpireandChina.(

大英博物馆拥有世界上最好的文物收藏，收藏了来自埃及、希腊、罗马帝国和中国的1300多万件文物)”可知，大英博物馆有许多不同国家的展品。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据第二部分中“It'ssopopularthatvisitorsneedtoreserveaticketina

dvancetoguaranteeentry.(它非常受欢迎，游客需要提前预订门票，以保证进入)”可知，进入巨石阵需要提前订票。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Otherhighlightsincludetheimpres

siveCrownJewelsexhibition,classicYeomanWarderTours.”第二段部分中“ExhibitionsattheexcellentStonehengevisitorcentersetthes

tageforavisit”第三段部分中“Withcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld'sfinest”以及第四部分中“andonethatoffersafascinatinginsightintolifethrough

exhibitions”可知，这四个旅游目的地的共同之处在于都陈列有精美的展览品。故选A。