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会计学1中考英语阅读理解解题指导考查事实细节：猜测生词含义：推理判断：归纳主旨大意：推测作者的态度、意图和目的：阅读理解考查题型第1页/共46页（一）事实性细节题对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找对原因、结果、事实的正确理解◼常用提问方式：1.Accordingtot

hepassage,who(what,why,where,when，howmany/much,howlong)….?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsis

(not)true?通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误第2页/共46页1.He/sheshouldhaveaninterestinmakingpizza.Moreimportantly,he/sheshouldhaveworke

xperienceinarestaurant.Theadtellsusthat______A.Theassistantmustbeaman.B.Theassistantmusthaveonceworkedinarestaurant.C.Puccipiz

zahasbranchesalloverChina.——————————————————B第3页/共46页事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在:1文中有原句；2找相关信息进行比对;3找近义词或同义句;4进行简单数学计算;在读文章时把这些信息划下来第4页/

共46页（二）猜测词义词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：◼1)Theword…..refersto_____◼2)Theunderlined…..probablymeans______

______第5页/共46页1、根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词常用的：be,becalled,mean，破折号或定语从句等来表示。Well,I’verelearnedit.IhopeIhavetimelefttoenjoythesuccess

esofothersandtotakepleasureintheday.That’stheheartofthewatermelon.“theheartofthewatermelon”refersto___.◼A.thebestpartofthewatermelon.◼B.thewr

iter’sbusylife◼C.thewriter’sdecisionofmakingmoney.◼D.thewriter’shopeofenjoyinglife.D第6页/共46页2、根据上下文情景和

逻辑进行判断Astheygoaroundtown,theyhelppeople.Whentheyfindlostchildren,theytakethechildrenhome.Iftheyseeafight,theyputanendtoitrightaway.Th

eyknowallthestreetsandroadswell.Oftenpeopleaskthemhowtogettoaplaceintown.Inthetext,“putanendto”means___◼A.stopB.cut

C.killD.flyA第7页/共46页◼Thereisaplaceonourearthwherehotwaterandsteamcomeupundertheground.ItisonalargeislandinthePacificOcean.TheislandisNorthIslandinNe

wZealand.◼Whatdoestheword“steam”meaninChinese?_________A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽Dand3、根据关联词来猜测第8页/共46页3、根据关联词来猜测◼表示因果关系的：◼表示同义关系的：◼表示反义关系的：because,as,si

nce,for,so,asaresult…and,like,justas…thesameas….but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)第9页/共46页演练1Abagisusefulandthew

ord“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases.Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag.”Itisthesameas“totellasecret”Nowwhensomeo

neletsoutasecret,he“letsthecatoutofthebag.”Q:Johnletsthecatoutofthebag”meanshe◼A.makeseveryoneknowasecret.◼B.t

hewomanboutacat.◼C.buysacatinthebag.◼D.sellsthecatinthebag.`A第10页/共46页实战演练2◼Ifyouwanttobeamusician,youusuallyhav

etomovetoanareathathasalotofjobs,suchasNewYorkCity.Thecostoflivingintheseareasisusuallyveryhigh.Thethir

ddisadvantageisthatyoucan’thaveastablefamilylife.Differentjobswilltakeamusiciantodifferentplaces,somostmusiciansareunabletohavearegularfamily.◼Wh

atdoestheunderlinedword“stable”meaninChinese?__________◼A.幸福的B.稳定的C.健康的B第11页/共46页（三）推理判断考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下

面哪些方式属于推理判断题？1)Wecaninfer(推断)fromthestorythat____2)What’sthepassagemainlyabout?3)Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_4)Accordingtothestory,wha

twouldhappennext?5)Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat√√__√√第12页/共46页1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。Secondly

,anewsstoryhastobeinterestingandunusual.Peopledon’twanttoreadstoriesabouteverydaylife.Asaresult,manystoriesareaboutsomekindofdangerandseemt

obe“bad”news.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanyoumostpossiblywatchonTV?_______A.Youoftenplayfootballwi

thyourfriendsafterschool.B.Yourteacherhasgotacold.C.Atigerinthecityzoohasrunoutandhasn’tbeencaught.D.Thebikeinfrontofyourhous

eislost.Cdangerbad第13页/共46页Whenyoucoughorsneeze,pleaseturnyourheadawayfromothersandcoveryourmouthwiththefullpartofyourhand.Af

terwards,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”ThisisaruleIsetformystudents.Itissosimple,butmanykidshaveneverbeentoldtodothis.Whatdoestheunderline

dword“this”mean?D第14页/共46页◼解题技巧：推断题在文章无法直接找到答◼案，须在正确理解文章字面意思的基础◼上，运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主旨句、◼主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作◼出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所第15页/共46页（四）归纳主旨

大意:主要包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等常见的提问方式有：(1）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(2)Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat_____(3)Whichofthefollowingexpressesthem

ainidea?(4)Thepassageismainlyabout______(5)Thebesttitleforthestoryis_______(6)Whichofthefollowingisthebes

ttitle?第16页/共46页Canyoufindthetopicsentence?1.Alllivingthingsontheearthneedotherlivingthingstolive.Noth

inglivesalone.Mostanimalsmustliveinagroup,andevenaplantgrowsclosetogetherwithothersofthesamekind.Sometimesonelivingthingkillsanother,onee

atsandtheotheriseaten.Eachkindoflifeeatsanotherkindoflifeinordertolive,andtogethertheyformafoodchain.Somef

oodchainsbecomebrokenupifoneofthelinksdisappears.第17页/共46页2.Readingisagoodhabit,buttheproblemis,there’stoomuchtoreadthesedays,andtoolittleti

metoreadeverywordofit.Therearehundredsofskillstohelpyoureadmoreinlesstime.HerearetwoskillsthatIthinkareespecial

lygood._______________________________________解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。第18页/共46页3.Doyo

uknowmoreandmoreChineseartistshavemaderegulardonationstocharityorputtheireffortsintocharityworkinChina?Herelet’sknowsomeofthem.◼W

hatisthepassagemainlyabout?_____◼A.Chinesecharitywork.◼B.CharityworkofsomeChineseartists.◼C.SomefamousChineseartists.

DOiidbChiB________________________________第19页/共46页（五）作者的意图、态度和目的题◼1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。◼常见的提问方式有：◼(1)What

isthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?◼(2)Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat______◼(3)Whatisthewriter’smainpoint?◼(4)Whatisthewriter’sattitud

etowards…?◼(5)Inthepassagethewritertriestotellusthat_______◼(6)Thewritersuggest(暗示)that__________◼(7)Thewriterwantstoprovethat___________题目都是围绕作者

的意图、目的和态度第20页/共46页解题技巧:正确理解文章中反映作者态度和观点的关键词，同时通过选项中的关键词来推断正确答案，学会根据作者使用的词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，要区别作者的态度和其他人的态度，不应把你自己的态度渗透其中。◼TodayIcanir

onprettywell.Iknowwheretostartonashirtandtherightwaytodothetrousers.NowwhenIthinkaboutit,Idon’tthinksheisanoldlady.Ithinshemighthavebeenaboutmyag

enow.Anyway,whenIiron,IthinkofherandsilentlythankherforallthethingsIlearned.◼Nowthewriter____________◼A.isstillafr

aidofthelady◼B.hatesthestrictlady.◼C.admiresthedisabledlady.◼D.isverygratefultothelady.D—————————————

———————————————————第21页/共46页Readthepassageandfinishtheexercises◼Happinessisimportantforeveryone.Mostpeoplewanttobehappybutfewknowhowtofindhappines

s.Moneyandsuccessdon’tbringlastinghappiness.Happinessdependsonourselves.Inotherwords,wemakeourownhappiness.◼Somepeoplebelievethatiftheyarewealthy,

theywillbeabletodoanythingtheywant,whichmeanshappiness.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplebelievethatholdingahighpositioninthegovernmentishappiness.Inthis

way,youhavenotonlymoney,butalsomanyotherthingswhichcan’tbeboughtbymoney.However,otherpeoplebelievethathavinglotsofmoneyisnot

happiness,norisholdingahighpositioninthegovernment.Thesepeoplevalue(重视)theirbeliefs,ortheirintelligence

,ortheirhealth.Theythinkthesecanmakethemhappy.第22页/共46页◼Hereareafewwaystohelpyoubehappier.◼Thefirstsecretofhappinessistoenjoythesim

plethingsinlife.Toooften,wespendsomuchtimethinkingaboutthefuture,forexample,gettingintocollegeorgettingagoodjobthatwedon’te

njoythepresent.Youshouldenjoylife’ssimplepleasures,suchasreadingagoodbook,listeningtoyourfavoritemus

ic,orspendingtimewithclosefriends.Peoplewhohaveclosefriendsusuallyenjoyhappierandhealthierlives.◼Thesecondsecretofhappinessisto

beactive.Manypeoplegodancingorplaysports.Peoplecanforgetabouttheirproblemsandonlythinkabouttheactivities.◼Finally,manypeoplefindhap

pinessinhelpingothers.Accordingtostudies,peoplefeelgoodwhentheyvolunteertheirtimetodomanymeaningfulthingsforotherpeo

ple.Ifyouwanttofeelhappier,dosomethingniceforsomeone.Youcanhelpafriendwithhisorherstudies,goshoppingtogetfoodforanoldneighbor,orsimplyhelparoundtheh

ouse.◼Nowmaybeyouknowhowtofindhappiness!第23页/共46页()1.Somepeoplewhoholdahighpositioninthegovernmentthinkthey

can________.()2.Theunderlinedword“wealthy”means________inthearticle.()3.Wecaninfer（推断）thatManypeoplefindithappy

to__________.()4.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.()5.Thewriterthinksthesecretofhappinessisthatpeople___

_____A考查事实细节A归纳主旨大意B推理判断D猜测生词C推测作者的意图、态度、目的第24页/共46页◼要充满自信◼要善于抓关键句和主题句◼要有文中信息支持点◼要扫读全文第25页/共46页HomeworkforToday1.Finishofftheotherpassag

esonthepaper.2.Guessthemeaningsofthenewwordsinpassages.第26页/共46页表示因果关系的：because,as,since,for,so,asaresult…表示同义关系的：and,like,justas…表示反义关系的：but,ho

wever,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。（3）.根据关联词猜词第27页/共46页1.Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwassofaint2.Tomisveryru

de,buthisbrotherisquitepolite.3.Sheisbeautiful,andherdaughterisasprettyasher.(昏暗的）(有礼貌的)(漂亮的)第28页/共46页点击中考◼Thereisaplac

eonourearthwherehotwaterandsteamcomeupundertheground.ItisonalargeislandinthePacificOcean.TheislandisNo

rthIslandinNewZealand.◼Whatdoestheword“steam”meaninChinese?_________◼A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽D第29页/共46页（4）根据生活经验及普通常识猜词1.Chinaisourmotherland.2.Ka

ngaroomothershavepouchestocarrytheirbabies.3.It'sreallycoldoutside,andmyhandsarebothnumb.(祖国)(育儿袋)(冻僵了的,麻木的,失去知觉的)第30页/共46页2.Doc

torsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.4.Theboyhadahappyfamilybefore.However,afterthewar,hebec

amehomeless.Exercises:Guessthemeaningofthenewwordsquickly.1.Wealthymeanshavinglotsofmoney.5.Youmuststopd

reamingandfacereality.(富裕的，有钱的）(有害的)(现实)3.Mymother-in-law,myhusband’smother,wasateacher.(婆婆)(无家可归的）第31页/共46页解题技巧◼1.根据作者使用的词语的褒贬去判断作者的态度，正确理解反映

作者态度和观点的关键词。◼2.要区别作者的态度和其他人的态度，不应把自己的态度渗透其中。第32页/共46页◼解题技巧：◼找主题句。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述、后分述的叙事方法，因此主题句大都在段首或篇首。◼用归纳法写文

章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。那么主题句往往就在段末或篇末。第33页/共46页2.逻辑推理型2)根据计算判断Ifeveryonesetstheirairconditioning(空调)at26℃,B

eijingwillsave400millionkilowatt-hours(千瓦时)ofelectricityinonesummer.That’sone-thirdofalltheusageofthecityintheseason,”saidaTVadvertiseme

nt.Beijingwilluse______millionkilowatt-hourselectricityinonesummer.A.1200B.800C.400一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：A第34页/共46页2.逻辑推理型1）根据常识判断Oned

ayweinvitedsomefriendstodinner.Whenitwasaboutsixo’clock,mywifefoundthatwehadlittlebread.Sosheaskedourfive-year-olddaughter,Kathy,tobuysome

.Oneday,Kathy’sparentsinvitedsomefriendsto________.A.havebreakfastB.havelunchC.havesupperD.haveaparty.C一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：第35页/共46页4.理解词句含义型Now

therearemanyhousesaroundthelake.peopleoftenusechemicalsintheirgardens.Theyuseotherchemicalsinsidetheirhousesforcleaningorki

llinginsects(昆虫).Therearealsomanybusinessmen.Businessmenusechemicalsintheirmachinesorshops.“Chemical”inthestorymeans______

_.D一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：第36页/共46页常用提问方式：◼Accordingto(根据)thepassage,weknowthat____◼Thetitle(标题)ofthepassagec

anbe________.◼Thewritertellsus_________.◼Fromthestorywecansee/learn/say_____◼Themainideaofthispassagei

s______.Whihib?一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：3.归纳主旨句第37页/共46页Thewaysofguessingthenewwordsincontext:第38页/共46页A.利用构词法进行猜测1.根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心)→ca

reful(小心的)→carefully(小心地);write(写)→rewrite(改写)。un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;re-:;-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;2.根据“合成词”猜测。如school+bag→schoolbagdown+stairs

→downstairs不无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人第39页/共46页Exercises:Matchthemeaningwiththenewwords.1.rebuild2.modernize3.man-made4.unsafe5.mis

understan-dingA.不安全的B.误解C.重建D.现代化E.人造的第40页/共46页1.Alotoftheworld’snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries.A.环境B.资源C.汽油2.The

oldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼镜3.Mymomwasalittleheavy.AndIwasalmostasplumpasmymom.A.丰满B.苗条C.强壮4.Childrenhav

eschoolbagswithtwostrapstocarrythem.A.口袋B.肩带C.纽扣Exercises:Choosetherightanswer.√√√√第41页/共46页二.阅读理解解题方法1.先看文章,再看试题.2.先看试题,

然后带着问题再看文章.(常用方法)三.阅读理解解题步骤1.扫读:即快速阅读,通览全文.发现关键句(特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句.2.细读:集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁,把握文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息(五个第42页/共46

页Mr.andMrs.Bellareveryforgetful.Forexample,Mr.BellsometimesgoestohisofficeforworkonSundaymorning,forhethinksitisMonday.AndMrs.Bellsome-tim

esforgettocooksupperforthefamily.OnesummertheyplannedtoflytoNewYorkfortheirholidays.Theygottotheairportonly

tenminutesbeforetheplanetookoff.Sotimewasshort.ButsuddenlyMrs.BellsaidshemusttellAlice,theirdaughter,nottoforgettolockthefrontdoorwhenshewent

toschool.AsAlicewasthenatschool,theycouldn’ttellheraboutitbytelephone.Sotheyhurriedtothepostoffice.Mrs.Be

llwroteashortnotetoAlicewhileMr.Bellboughtastampandanenvelo-pe.Soonthenotewasready.Theyputthestampontheenvelopeinahurryanddrop

peditintheletterbox.ButsuddenlyMrs.Bellbegantocry.Theshortnotewasstillinherhand.Shehadputtheplaneticketsin

theenvelope.第43页/共46页()(1).Theword“forgetful”means______.A.忘记B.健忘的C.难忘的()(2).HowdidtheyplantogotoNewYorkonesummer?A.byplaneB.bytrainC.bybus()(3).Be

causeAlicewasthenayschool,theyhadto________toAlice.A.phoneB.writeanoteC.sendaE-mail()(4).Whatdidtheydrop____intheletterbox?A.anoteB.theticketsC.the

money()(5).Themainideaofthispassageis______.A.Mr.andMrs.Bellareveryforgetful.B.Mr.andMrs.BellplannedtoflytoNe

wYork.C.Mr.andMrs.Bellareveryold.1.Readthearticlefor2minutes,andfindthekeysentenceofthearticle.BABBA第44页/共46页Summary阅读技巧：1

.浏览问题，通读全文2.抓住中心句（标题，首段，每段的首尾句，总---分---总,总---分）3.克服以下不良习惯：心读，一个词一个词的看，只读不记4.遇到生词要沉着冷静第45页/共46页