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课时质量评价(十八)必修第三册Unit6DisasterandhopeA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AOneplacethathasleftalasting1.________(impress)onmeistheislandofLesvosinGreece.Iwentthere

for2.________holidaywithsomeofmyfriends.Wefeltthatwedeservedabitofsunandachance3.________(relax)afterhavingstudiedsohard.Strangely

enough,eventhoughIwentthereforawell­earnedrest,I4.________(actual)workedharderthanIhadeverdonebefore.Insteadofspendingmydaysonthebeachsunbathin

gandswimminginthesea,Iendedup5.________(help)thelocalsdealwiththeendlessarrivalofrefugees(难民),manyof6.________werestrugglingtogettothebeachafterthei

rboatshadturnedover.Anyway,thisholidayturnedouttobeoneofthemost7.________(forget)ofmylife,butforallthewrongreasons.Often,whenI'malonethesedays,I8.___

_____(disturb)bythememoriesofthefacesofparentswhocouldn'tfindtheirchildren,andthesoundofpeoplescreamin

g9.________help.10.________thepeopleofLesvosdidtohelpthesepeople,openingtheirhomestothemandsharingthefewpossessionstheythemselvesown

ed,wasabsolutelyamazing.IwascompletelytouchedbythegenerosityofthepeopleofLesvos.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在希腊莱斯沃斯岛度假期间和当地人一起帮助

难民的经历。1.impression考查名词。设空处作left的宾语，需用名词，由空前不定冠词可知，此处使用名词单数形式。故填impression。2.a考查固定搭配。go...foraholiday为固定搭配，表示“去„„度假”。故填a。3.torelax考查固定

搭配。achancetodosth.意为“做某事的机会”。故填torelax。4.actually考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰动词worked。故填actually。5.helping考查固定用法。endupdoingsth.为固定表达，意为“最终做某事”。故填helpin

g。6.whom考查定语从句。“manyof＋设空处”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词refugees，指人，先行词refugees在从句中作of的宾语，应使用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。7.unforgettable考查形容词。分析句子结构可知

，设空处应为形容词的最高级形式，所给词forget为动词，意为“忘记”，其形容词形式为forgettable(易被忘记的)，unforgettable(难忘的)。根据语境可知，设空处需填形容词unforgettable。故填unf

orgettable。8.amdisturbed考查一般现在时的被动语态。由“Often,whenI'malonethesedays”可知，此处需用一般现在时，又因I与disturb之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填amdisturbed。9.for考查介词。分析句子结构

可知，设空处应为介词。screamforhelp表示“大声喊救命”。故填for。10.What考查连接词。分析句子可知，“10.________thepeopleofLesvosdidtohelpthesepeople”为主语从句，设空处作主语从句中的宾语

，表物，应使用what引导。故填What。B(2021·广东六校联考)Floatingmountainsintheoceanarebetterknownasicebergs(冰山).Icebergsare1.________(mass)offreshwatericethath

avebrokenfromaglacier(冰川)orpolaricesheet.MosticebergsareformedaroundAntarcticaandGreenland.Icebergs2

.________(see)todaybeganthousandsandthousandsofyearsago.Theybeganasflakesofsnowfallingonland.Overtheyears,moreandmoresnowfell.Thesnowon3._____

___bottomwascrushed(压碎)becausesnowontopwaspackingitdown.Yearsof4.________(melt)andfreezingformedlayersoficethous

andsoffeetthick.Thesesheetsoficearecalledglaciers.Duringthewarmerweatherinspring5.________summer,piece

soficebreakofffromglaciers.Thebrokenpiecesoficefallintothewaterandbecomeicebergs.Icebergsvary6.________size.Thelargesticebergever

recordedwasthesizeofthestateofRhodeIslandintheUnitedStates.The7.________(tall)icebergstood550feetabovetheocean.That'saboutthesizeoftheWashingtonM

onumentinWashington,DC.Icebergscanbevery8.________(danger)toshipstravellingnearthembecauseonlyone-eighthofaniceb

erg9.________(be)abovewater.Thismeansthattherock-hardiceismuchlargerunderneath.Captainstaking10.________(they)shipsaroundanicebergmaymiscalculat

ethesizeoftheiceberg.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰山的一些特点以及注意事项。1.masses考查固定搭配。massesof为固定搭配，意为“许多的，大量的”，故填masses。2.seen考查过去分词作定语。分析句

子结构可知，空格处在句中作定语，因为Icebergs和动词see之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作后置定语，故填seen。3.the考查冠词。此处是特指底部的雪，要用定冠词，故填the。4.melting考查动词的-ing形式作宾语。分析句子结构可知，of为

介词，后面要用动词的-ing形式，故填melting。5.and考查连词。句中的spring和summer二者是并列的，故填and。6.in考查固定用法。insize为固定搭配，意为“在大小上，尺寸上”。故填in。7.tallest考查最高级

。根据语境可知，此处是指最高级，故填tallest。8.dangerous考查形容词作表语。分析句子结构可知，此处是形容词作表语，故填dangerous。9.is考查谓语动词。主语是one-eighthofaniceberg是单数。根据上下文可知使用一般现在时，故填is。1

0.their考查代词。修饰名词ships，要用形容词性物主代词，他们的船只，故填their。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。(现在分词短语作状语)Rushingoutofthehouse,hewasknoc

keddownbyacar.2.时间过得真快！一个星期以后你就要回到自己的国家了。(it＋be＋时间段＋before)Howtimeflies！Itwillbeaweekbeforeyougobacktoyourowncountry.3.沿路有一些高树。(完全倒装)

Alongtheroadaresometalltrees．4.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。(occur)Itoccurredtoherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschil

d.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Thesixthmassextinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It'shappeningnow,muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault,a

ccordingtoastudypublishedMonday.Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspeciesandpushedmanymoretothebrinkofextinctionth

roughwildlifetrade,pollution,habitatlossandtheuseoftoxicsubstances.ThefindingspublishedinthescientificjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofScie

nces(PNAS)showthattherateatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasacceleratedinrecentdecades.GerardoCeballosGonzález,aprofessorofecol

ogyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicoandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,saidapproximately173specieswentextin

ctbetween2001and2014.“173speciesis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormalextinctionrate，”hetoldCNNinanemail.Heandhi

steamfoundthatinthepast100years,morethan400vertebrate(脊椎动物的)specieswentextinct.Inthenormalcourseofevolution,suchextinctionswouldhavetakenupto10，000y

ears,theysaid.Massextinctionsarejustassevereastheirnamesuggests.TherehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsintheEarth'shistory

,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyear

sago,sawdinosaursdisappear.Thepasteventswerecausedbycatastrophicchangesoftheenvironment,includingmassi

vevolcaniceruptionsorcollisionwithanasteroid.Thesixthmassextinctiontheonehappeningnow—isdifferent:scientistssayit'scausedbyhuman

s.Theresearchersalsosaidthecurrentworldhealthemergencyshowspeople'srecklessness(鲁莽)towardsnaturecanseriouslyhurtthems

elves.Manyendangeredspeciesaredyinginlargenumbersduetothetradeinwildanimalsandplants.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph2mean?

A.Poisonous.B.Useful.C.Alternative.D.Environmentallyfriendly.2.Howdoesthewriterconvincereadersoftheseriousnessofthemassextinctions

?A.Bylistingreliablestatistics.B.Byimaginingapictureoftheextinctions.C.BymentioningsomenewsfromCNN.D.Byexplai

ningthehistoryoftheextinctions.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Totellthedifferencebetweenthefifthandsixthextinction.B.Toexplainthe

causeofthecoronaviruscrisis.C.Towarnhumanstogetridoftheirwrongactions.D.Toshowthewriter'sconcernabouttheendangeredspecies.4.Wh

atdoesthisarticlemainlytalkabout?A.Thechangesoftheenvironmentdoharmtowildlife.B.Thesixthmassextinctionismuchfasterthanex

pected.C.Massextinctionsarejustassevereastheirnamesuggests.D.Thecurrentcoronavirushasarisenfromtheillegaltrade.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明

文。文章介绍了第六次大灭绝正在到来，且比我们想象的来得快。同时文章分析了产生第六次大灭绝的原因，即人类的行为。1.A词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句话可知，人类已经使数百种物种灭绝，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘的方式是通过野生

动物贸易、污染、毁掉栖息地和toxicsubstances的使用。根据句意可知，此处表示“有毒物质”的使用。故选A。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者通过列出可靠的统计数据，使读者相信大规模灭绝的严重性。故选A。3.C写作意图

题。根据最后一段内容可知，现在正在进行的第六次大灭绝和人类的错误行为有关。人类的活动导致许多濒危物种正在大量死亡。最终人类也会伤害到自己。综合分析，最后一段的目的是警告人类去除他们的错误行为。故选C。4.B主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Thesixthmasse

xtinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It'shappeningnow，muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault”可知，第

六次大灭绝正在到来，而且比我们预期的还要快。再根据文章最后一段可知，第六次大灭绝是由人类造成的，并且最终会危害到人类。综合分析，本篇文章讲述的是由于人类行为导致的第六次大灭绝的到来，且比我们预期来得快。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Thereare

nowsixfiresburningatemergencylevelsinAustralia.1Thesmokeissointenseandsothickthatitcanbeseenfromspace.2，000homeshavebeendestroyed.

Sixmillionhectaresoflandcharred,leadingtodeathofthenation'swildlife.2Theyarelightningstrikes,windsandpeoplewhosetfiredeliberately.Butoneofthebigges

treasonsthey'vebecomesoextremeisthesamereasonasEastAfrica'sflood.BushfiresinAustraliaareanaturalpartofthecountry'secosystem.3EvenNe

wSouthWales,withthelargestpopulation,isusedtobreakingout.In1974,firesburned3.5millionhectares,andin2003,another2millionhectareswerelosttofire

.Butthefiresthatstartedin2019areevenworse:4.9millionhectaresinNewSouthWaleshaveburnedalready—andit'sonlygoingtogrow.4Forstarters,astheworldisgettingw

armerfromclimatechange,soisAustralia.2019wasitshottestyearonrecord,withpartsofthecountryreaching45degreesCelsiu

sinDecember.2019wasalsoitsdriest—theplaceshereingrayhaveseenhistoricdroughts.5Throughouttheyear,otherla

rge­scaleclimatedriversaffectAustralia'sweather,anditslikelinesstoburn.OneofthemostinfluentialistheInd

ianOceanDipole(偶极子),ortheIOD.TheIODisabigtemperaturegradientthataffectsthesurfacewaterintheIndianOcean,fromtheedgeofAfr

icatotheedgeofAustralia.A.Thisisjustheartbreaking.B.Sowhyisthisfireseasonsoawful?C.Their“fireseason”variesacrossregions.D.Thefireseasonisa

wfulbecauseoftheunknownreason.E.Theecosystemofthecountryneedstobeimproved.F.Theserecord-breakingbushfiresinAus

traliahavebeenstartedbythefollowing.G.Together,thatprovidestheperfectconditionsforbushfirestostartandspreadquickly.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说

明文。目前澳大利亚有6处火灾处于紧急状态。2000座房屋被毁。600万公顷土地被烧焦，导致该国野生动物大量死亡。文章分析了造成澳大利亚这些破纪录的森林大火的原因，以及此次火灾尤其严重的原因。1.A根据上文“T

herearenowsixfiresburningatemergencylevelsinAustralia.”可知，目前澳大利亚有6处火灾处于紧急状态。以及后文“Thesmokeissointenseandsothickthatitcanbeseenfromspace.2，000home

shavebeendestroyed.Sixmillionhectaresoflandcharred,leadingtodeathofthenation'swildlife.”可知，本句应当是对这次火灾的

评价，这次澳大利亚火灾损失严重，令人心碎。故A选项符合上下文语境，故选A。2.F根据后文可知，本段在分析造成此次澳大利亚大火的原因。故F选项符合上下文语境，故选F。3.C根据前文“BushfiresinAustraliaareanaturalpartofthecou

ntry'secosystem.”以及后文“EvenNewSouthWales,withthelargestpopulation,isusedtobreakingout.”可知，本句是在说明澳大利亚的火灾频发季节是因地区而不同的。故C选项符合上下文语境，故选

C。4.B后文内容是在分析此次澳大利亚火灾这么严重的原因。故B选项符合上下文语境，故选B。5.G本句承接上文进行总结，正是上述的这些条件促使了森林大火的爆发和迅速蔓延。故G选项符合上下文语境，故选G。Ⅲ.应用文写作假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天

津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。1.提出邀请并简述原因；2.

提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；3.请求对方回复。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：越剧ShaoxingOpera；《梁山伯与祝英台》ButterflyL

overs；天津大剧院TianjinGrandTheatreDearChris，Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.______________________________________________________________________________

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_______Yours，LiJin【参考范文】DearChris，Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.AShaoxingOperanamedButterflyLoverswillbeonshowinTianjinGrandTheatre,whichw

asjustcompleted,at2：00pmonAugust5th.ItisbecauseIknowyoulikethecultureofChina,especiallydrama,thatIwouldliketoinvit

eyoutoadmireit.Asweallknow,ButterflyLoversisatraditionaldrama,tellingabouttwoyoungpeople'smovinglovestory.Afterwatchingit,shall

wevisitsomeplacesnearby,suchastheartmuseum,inwhichlotsofrichartwillappealtoyouenormously?Iwouldbeverygladifyoucome.Look

ingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiJinⅣ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。RescueinaBottleCurtisWhitsonhadrafted(乘筏)downtheArroy

oSeco,ariverincentralCalifornia,severaltimesbefore.Thisyear,CurtisWhitsonknewthewater­fallwascoming.Hefiguredhewouldgetoutofhisraftintotheshallowwat

er,getdowntherocksalongropesoneithersideofthefalls,andcontinueonhisway,ashehadonaprevioustrip.Butthisyearwasdifferent.Heavysnowandsprin

grainshadturnedtheusuallymanageablefallsintosomethingfierce.Andthisyear,insteadofhisfriends,Whitson'scompanionswerehisgirlfriend

,KrystalRamirez,andhis13­year­oldson,Hunter.Asthethreeofthemapproachedthefallslateintheafternoonofthethird

dayoftheircampingtrip,Whitsoncouldtellfromtheincreasingroarofwaterinthenarrowingcanyon(峡谷)thattheywereinserioustrouble.Therewasnowaythey'dbeablet

ogetdowntherocksasplanned.“Thewaterwasjustroaringthroughtherewithtremendousforce，”recallsWhitson,45.Theyhadnosmartphoneservice,andthey

hadn'tseenasinglepersoninthepastthreedays.AndWhitsonknewthatthey'dbesharingthegroundtherewithrattlesnakesandmountainlions.Ashewasthinkingwhattodo,W

hitsonhitonabitofluck—heheardvoicescomingfromtheothersideofthefalls.Heyelled,butthesoundoftherushingwaterdrownedhimout.“Wehavetogetthesepe

opleamessage，”Whitsonthought.Hegrabbedastickandpulledouthispocketknifetocarve“Help”init.Thenhetiedaropetoitsothepeoplewouldknowitwasn'tjus

tanystick.Hetriedthrowingitoverthefalls,butitfloatedawayinthewrongdirection.“We'vegottodosomething！”Whitsonyelledtohisson.“H

avewegotanythingelse？”Thenhespottedhiswaterbottle.Whitsongrabbeditandcarved“Help！”onit.Ramirezalsoremindedhimthathehadapenandpaperinhisbackpack

.Whitsonknewitwasaslimhope.Buthewrote“6－1519：00Wearestuckhere@thewaterfall.Gethelpplease”andpushedthenoteintothebottle.Thistime,h

isthrowoverthewaterfallwasperfect.“Allright,that'sallwecando，”WhitsontoldHunter.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Ittook30minutestogetbackupstreamto

thebeachwherethey'dhadlunch.__________________________________________________________________________________

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thehelicopterreturned.__________________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________【参考范文】Ittook30minutestogetbackupstreamtothebeachwherethey'dhadlunch.Withnoexpectationthattheirmess

ageinthebottlewouldfinditswaytoanyone,theypreparedtospendasafenightthere.Astheeveningworeon,theydecidedtheyprobab

lyweren'tgoingtogetrescuedthatnight,sotheypulledouttheirsleepingbags.Beforeturningin,Ramirezaddedwoodtothefiretokeepthemountainlionsaway

.However,justaftermidnight,theyheardahelicopterhoveringabovethem.Wildwithjoy,theywavedandyelledlikecr

azy.Unfortunately,thedarknessdrownedeverything.Thehelicoptercircledandgotback.Thefirstrescuewasinvain.Thenextmornin

g,thehelicopterreturned.Afterthethreewerespotted,thehelicopterloweredacrewmemberonacable.Therescuersl

iftedthemoutofthemountain.Itwasnotlongbeforetheyweretakentosafety.Thatwasamomentofpurehappinessasthethreechattedwiththerescuew

orkers.JustatthattimeWhitsonlearnedthatahikerspottedthebottlewiththemessageaskingforhelp.Anditwasexactlythatbottlethatsavedth

emall!Together,theywereamazedattheunlikelihoodofitall.