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专题强化练(三)阅读理解第一组A主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习建议用时:5’实际用时:正答率:/3I’dbeenaphotographerfor20years,butIfoundanewpathwhenIwasaskedtophotograp

hadoctorperformingaspineprocedure(脊椎手术).Whenthedoctorsaid,“Here,takeapictureofthis.”Therebeforemewasthespine.Irealizedthespine,whichhadneve

rseenlightandwasn’tmeanttoseelight,wasbathedinlightatthatmoment.Iwasinawe(敬畏).Iknewrightthenthatthiswaswh

ereIwantedtospendtherestofmylife.Icouldbecomeadoctormyself.IceasedreceivingcallswhileIwastrainingtobeadoctor.Ioftenworkedne

arlyahundredhoursaweek.Evenmymomstoppedcallingme.Iusedmyphoneonlyformedicalpurposes.Thenonedaymycellphonerang.I

didn’trecognizethenumber,butthecallwasfromWashington,D.C.Thiscall,Ithought,mustbeimportant.“Yes?”Iwhisperedinthehallway.“Hey,Max,”thevoicer

ose.“It’sTodd.”ToddJamesisaphotoeditoratNationalGeographic.Ihadn’tspokentohimin10years,certainlynotsinceI’dleftphotographytobecomeadoctor.“I

’vegotajobforyou.”Hewantedtosendmeallovertheworldtoshootstemcell(干细胞)research.“But...,”ItoldTodd.“I’vegotpatientsI

’vegottoseerightnow.I’llcallyouback.”ThatafternoonIranintothedirectorofmyprogram.Aftertalkingwithhim,Ic

alledToddrightaway.HefiguredIcoulddothestoryin23days—13shootsin13countries.Whileshootingthestemcellresearch,Iwonderedwhattospec

ializein.ThenIrealizedthatbeingaphotographerisseriousbusiness,butIhad20yearsofexperiencedoingit.Iwasamaster.However,itwouldtake20moreyearsbeforeIhadt

hemasteryIneededtohaveasadoctor.Ifinallymadethedecision.【语篇解读】作者离开摄影行业成为一名医生。在接到《国家地理》杂志图片编辑的邀请电话后,考虑到自己有20多年的摄影经验,作者决定重返这个行业。1.Whichofthefol

lowingbestexplains“ceased”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Stopped.B.Minded.C.Liked.D.Admitted.答案A解析词义猜测题。由下文内容“Ioftenworkednearlyahundredhoursaweek.Ev

enmymomstoppedcallingme.Iusedmyphoneonlyformedicalpurposes.”可知,作者在培训当医生的时候,停止接电话了。2.WhydidToddcalltheauthor?A.Tolookformedicalhelp.B.Toseekadvice

fromtheauthor.C.Toencouragetheauthortodoresearch.D.Toasktheauthortophotographagain.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知,To

dd给作者打电话的目的是让他再次从事摄影。3.Whatdecisiondidtheauthormakefinally?A.Returningtophotography.B.Tryingtobeamasterdoctor.C.Takinglotsofph

otosofdoctors.D.Improvinghisphotographicskills.答案A解析细节理解题。由最后一段最后三句可知,作者最终意识到他很精通摄影,但他还需要20年的时间才能掌握作

为一名医生所需要的技能,所以作者最终决定重返摄影行业。B主题语境:人与社会——历史典故建议用时:5’实际用时:正答率:/4Moolah.Benjamins.Stacks.Bigones.Cheddar.WehavealotoftermsformoneyintheU.S.Wh

ilethemeaningbehindsomeofthesetermsmayseemobvious,it’slessintuitiveforothers.“Bucks”isoneexampleofthelatter.Sowhydowecalldoll

ars“bucks”?Awidelyheldbeliefinvolvestheuseoftheword“buck”tomean“amaleanimal;especially,amaledeerorantelope.”Backinthe18th

century,EuropeansettlersandNativeAmericansoftentradedbuckskins,ordeerskins,asaformofcurrency.Oneoftheearliestreferencestobucksascur

rencyisa1748journalentryfromConradWeiser,aPennsylvaniaDutchpioneer,interpreteranddiplomat.Inhisjournal,hedescribe

dtherateforacaskofwhiskeyas“5bucks,”reportedlyinreferencetodeerskins.Thejournalalsocitedamanwhowas“robbe

dofthevalueof300bucks.”Apopulartheoryrelatestheterm“buck”totheuseofdeerskinsasacommodity(货物)ofexchange.Onedeerskinwasn’tnecessarily

theequivalentofone“buck,”asvariousfactorscoulddeterminethevalue,likethesize,quality,ageofthedeerandmore.Offici

alU.S.dollarsweren’tminteduntilseveraldecadesafterWeiser’sjournalentries,butitappearsbuckskinsandthewordbuckstuckaroundinthecurrency

arena.Yetanothertheoryrelates“buck”tothegameofpoker.Aknifewithabuckhornhandleinthe19thcenturyAmericanfrontier,waspassedaroundtoindic

atewhoseturnitwastodeal.Manybelievethebuckhornhandledknifeinpokeristhesourceofthephrase“passthebuck,”whichmeanstoshiftt

heresponsibilityforsomethingtosomeoneelse.Theideaisthataplayerwhodidnotwanttobethedealercouldpassthebuckhornknife,thatis“passthebuck,”a

ndmakethenextplayertakeuptheresponsibilityofdealing.Clearly,there’snostrongagreementontheoriginoftheword“buck”f

ordollar,butmostofuscanprobablyagreethatitmightbenicetohaveafewmoreinourbankaccounts.【语篇解读】人们有时候也将美元叫做buck,但许多人并不知道关于这种用法在历史上是有许多理论依

据的。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intuitive”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Clear.B.Major.C.Cheap.D.Meaningful.答案A解析词义猜测题。由前

面句中的While和obvious可知,此处应表示虽然一些术语背后的意义很明显,但其他的术语却没有这么“清楚的”意思。5.Accordingtothetext,ConradWeiserwasthefirstto.A.workasaninterpreterB.berobb

edofbucksC.writeajournalentryD.refertobucksascurrency答案D解析细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知,ConradWeiser是第一个把buck作为货币的人。6.WhendidofficialU.S.dollarscomeintouse

?A.Intheyear1748.B.Decadesafter1748.C.BeforeWeiserwrotehisjournalentry.D.AssoonasWeiserwrotehisjournalentry.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句中的“untilseveraldecades

afterWeiser’sjournalentries”可知,美元是在Weiser完成日记账之后几十年才被制造出来。7.Inthe19thcentury,whoisthedealerinthegameofpoker?A.Anyonewhoplayedthegame.B.Anyonewhopa

ssedthebuckon.C.Thepersonwhogotthebuckhornknife.D.Thepersonwhowonthegameatlast.答案C解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的第二句可知,在19世纪,人们在玩纸牌游戏时拿到鹿角

柄的就是发牌员。此题易误选B项。当时人们在玩纸牌时,带有鹿角柄的刀子会在人们之间传递,当刀子传递给一个人时也就意味着把责任传递给他,因此拿到这把刀子的人才是发牌员。C主题语境:人与社会——名人传记建议用时:5’实际用时:正答率:/4Bornin1928inNanjing

,Jiangsu,YuGuangzhong,whospenthisyoungerdaysontheChinesemainlandbeforemovingtoTaiwaninhis20s,passedawayonDec14,2017.N

ostalgia(乡愁)—whichYuwroteinhis40stovoicehishomesicknessforhischildhoodmotherland—becamehismostwell-known

work,sinceitresonated(共鸣)withmanywhowerefarawayfromhome.ThepoemappearedinChineseschooltextbooksandwasadaptedintosongs.Ho

wever,thefactthatNostalgiabecamesofamousalsodisturbedYubecauseamongtheover1,000poemsthathe’dwritten,Nostalgiaseemedtobetheonlyonethatthepu

blicevertalkedaboutandappreciated.“I’dliketothinkofNostalgiaasmybusinesscard,butunfortunatelyitgottoobigthatitkeptpe

oplefromseeingtherealme,”Yuoncesaid,accordingtoChinaYouthDaily.Indeed,writingpoemsisonlyoneofYu’smanytalents.GreatChinesewriterLia

ngShiqiu(1903-1987)oncespokeofYu,“Hewritespoemswithhisrighthandandproses(散文)withhisleft.Thereishardlyanyonewhomatcheshisachievemen

tsatthetime.”Yuwasalsoatranslator.YuspokeFrench,German,Spanish,ItalianandRussian,andpublished13translationcollec

tions.Andheusedhistalentswell.Hespenthiswholelifeworking,eveninhis80s.YusaidinOctoberthatwheneverpeopleaskedwhetherhestillkeptthehabi

tofwritingup,hewouldalwaysanswer,“Whydon’tyouaskmeifI’mstillbreathing?”Tohim,writingwasaninseparable(不可分割的)partoflifethatshouldn’tbeaffectedbyageo

ranythingelse.NowthatYuhastakenhislastbreath,hiswritingcareerhasfinallybeenputtorest.Butthemanybookshewroteand

translatedwillcontinuetocarrythenostalgiapeoplehaveforhim.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了著名诗人余光中的生平和他的成就。8.HowoldwasYuGuangz

hongwhenhedied?A.86.B.87.C.88.D.89.答案D解析细节理解题。由第一段第一句“Bornin1928inNanjing...his20s,passedawayonDec14,2017.”可知,余光中去世时,享年89岁。故选D项。9.How

didLiangShiqiulikeYuGuangzhong?A.HespokehardlyofYuGuangzhong.B.HethoughthighlyofYuGuangzhong.C.Hewasindiffe

renttoYuGuangzhong.D.HewasveryfriendlytoYuGuangzhong.答案B解析细节理解题。由第四段梁实秋的话“Hewritespoemswithhisrighthandan

dproses(散文)withhisleft.Thereishardlyanyonewhomatcheshisachievementsatthetime.”可知,梁实秋对余光中给予很高的评价。故选B项。10.Whichofthefollowingdoes

notdescribeYuGuangzhong?A.Apoet.B.Awriter.C.Athinker.D.Atranslator.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,余光中是诗人;由第五段第一句“Yuwasalsoatranslator.”可知,余光中是翻译家;由最后一段第二句

可知,余光中还是一名作家。故选C项。11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Nostalgiaisimportantforhiminhislife.B.Writing

isasimportantastranslation.C.Writingisthemostimportantpartinhislife.D.Histalentsarethemostimportantinhiswrit

ing.答案C解析推理判断题。由第六段第二句及第七段“Tohim,writingwasaninseparable(不可分割的)partoflifethatshouldn’tbeaffectedbyageora

nythingelse.”和最后一段第一句中的“hiswritingcareerhasfinallybeenputtorest”可知,对余老来说,写作是他的生命中最重要的。故选C项。D主题语境:人与自然——宇宙探索建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4Scientistshavefoundwhat

theybelievearepiecesofameteor(流星)thatfelltotheearthlastyear.TheobjectswerediscoveredoffthecoastoftheUnitedStatesinthePacificOcean.ThecrewoftheNautilu

s,aprivateresearchship,recoveredtherockparticles(颗粒).TheNautilusisoperatedbytheOceanExplorationTrust.Thegroupsaysitsaimatpresentistoexamineareas

oftheoceanthathaveneverbeenexploredbefore.ThesearchwaslaunchedafterUSgovernmentweatherstationsobservedalargemeteoriteexplodingsomemonthsago.T

heexplosionlituptheskyandsenttherockparticlestotheearth.ThemeteoritefallwasthelargestrecordedovertheUnitedStatesinatleast20years.Thete

amincludesscientistsfromNASA,theOlympicCoastNationalMarineSanctuaryandtheUniversityofWashington.Thescientistsexaminedwha

ttheybelieveweretwosmallmeteoritefragments.Furthertestingisneededbeforetheycanconfirmthatthematerialcamefr

omtheexplosion.TheNautilusisequippedwithtworemotelyoperatedvehicles(ROVs),calledHerculesandArgus.Theseroboticsubmarineshelpresearch

ersfindandcollectmaterialsfromtheseafloor.Thefactthattheparticleslandedintheocean,insteadofonland,meanslargerpiecesmayhavesurviv

edandcanbestudied.Forthisreason,scientistsdecidedtolaunchthefirstintentionalsearchformeteoritesfromtheoce

an,Untilthelatestresearch,scientistshadonlyaccidentallydiscoveredasmallnumberofmeteoritesfromdrillingoperations.Theobjectsrecoveredfromthebotto

mofthesealikelycamefromtherecentexplosionfortwomainreasons.First,meteoriteparticlesarebasicallymadeofglassymaterialsthatdonotte

ndtolastlonginseawater.Secondly,theycamefromwhatlookedlikeasmallholeontheseafloor.Someevidenceshowsthattheycamefromsom

ethingthatfell.【语篇解读】科学家们发现了他们认为是去年坠落地球的流星的碎片。这些物体是在美国太平洋沿岸发现的。12.WhatisthecurrentgoalofthecrewoftheOceanExplorationTrust?A.Tor

ecovertherockparticles.B.Toobservemovementsoftheuniverse.C.Tostudyunexploredplacesoftheocean.D.Toexaminecreatures

oftheexploredocean.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知,theOceanExplorationTrust的船员目前的目标是研究海洋中未被探索的地方。故选C项。13.Whatmainlycausedthestartofthesearchinth

esea?A.Somepiecesofameteor.B.Businessvalueofmeteors.C.Plentyofnaturalresources.D.Thebrainstormofresearchers.答案A解析推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知,一颗流星的碎片导致了在海中搜索的开始。故

选A项。14.Whydothescientistsprefertosearchformeteorsintheocean?A.Theycanfindmeteorsmoreeasily.B.Theymayfindbiggerrockpartic

les.C.Theyliketoexplorestrangeseaareas.D.Theyhavebettersubmarineequipment.答案B解析推理判断题。由第四段第三句可知,科学家更喜欢在海洋中寻找流星是因为他们可能会发现更大的岩石颗粒。故

选B项。15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Offercluesforthesearch.B.Givereasonstosupportaguess.C.Stresstheimportanceoftheevent.D.

Describetheprocessofthesearch.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一句可知,从海底发现的物体可能来自最近的爆炸,主要有两个原因。作者在最后一段是想给出支持猜测的理由。故选B项。第二组A主题语境:人与社会——特色餐厅建议用时:4’实际

用时:正答率:/3Doyouwanttogoouttoeatwithyourkids?HerearesomerestaurantsthataregoodforkidsindowntownLosAngeles.Gra

ndCafeTel:(213)356-4155Doyouneedaplacethatopensasearlyasyourkidswakeup?ThengotoGrandCafe.Familiescanorderbreakfastoffthemenuorenjoytheb

uffet.Becauseofthevariety,buffetsseemtobeaneasyoptionforfamilieswithpickyeaters.Therearemanyoptionsforthedifferentmoodsofallfa

milymembers.NickelDinerTel:(213)623-8301NickelDinerwaslistedinLosAngelesmagazineasoneof“LA’sBestNewRestaurants”.Thespaceissmall,butthemenuiswonder

fullylarge.Theatmosphereisquietandrelaxed,whichmakesiteasytobringthekids.OneofthemostattractivethingsaboutNickelDiner

isitsuniquemenuofbreakfastfoods.KulaTel:(213)290-9631Kulaisanexcitingsushibarandisabighitforlittlesushieaters.Kula

’sconceptincludesproviding“ahighstandardofnaturalorganicfoods”andtheyuse100%organicrice.Ifyourchildisnotasushieater,therearealsoman

yotheroptions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了几个适合带着孩子就餐的餐厅。1.WhowouldmostprobablygotoeatatGrandCafe?A.Peoplewholoveorganicfoods.B

.Peoplewhowanttoplaywhileeating.C.Peoplewhowanttoservethemselvesinarestaurant.D.Peoplewholoveaquieteatingenvironment

.答案C解析推理判断题。根据GrandCafe中的“Becauseofthevariety...moodsofallfamilymembers.”可知,由于多样性,自助餐似乎对有挑食的人的家庭是一个简单的选择。对于所有家庭成员的不同

情绪,有许多选择。故想要在餐馆里吃自助餐的人最有可能去GrandCafe馆吃饭,选C项。2.WhyisNickelDineragoodplacetobringkids?A.Becauseitoffersalotofoptions.B.Because

itsatmosphereissuitableforkids.C.Becauseitopensasearlyaskidswakeup.D.Becauseitservesspecialsandwiches答案B解析细节理解题。

根据NickelDiner中的“Theatmosphereisquietandrelaxed,whichmakesiteasytobringthekids.”可知,NickelDiner之所以是带孩子来的好地方是因

为它的氛围适合孩子们。故选B项。3.WhichofthefollowingaspectsofKulaismostattractivetoeaters?A.Itoffersveryhealthyfoods.B.Ithasmanyotheroptions.

C.Itoffersdifferentkindsofrice.D.Itallowskidstorunaround.答案A解析细节理解题。根据Kula中的“Kula’sconceptincludesproviding‘ahigh

standardofnaturalorganicfoods’andtheyuse100%organicrice.”可知,Kula的理念包括提供“高标准的天然有机食品”,他们使用100%的有机大米。故Kula最吸引食客的是它提供非常健康的食物

,选A项。B主题语境:人与社会——助人为乐建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4WhenRandyHeisswenthikingbehindhisPatagonia,Arizona,thelastthi

ngheexpectedtofindwasaChristmaslistfromalittlegirlacrosstheUS-Mexicoborder.“Ifoundthisballoononmymor

ningwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl,”HeisswroteonhisFacebookpage

.Whenhebroughtthelisthometohiswife,whospeaksfluentSpanish,theydeterminedthatthelittlegirlhadaskedforEnchant

imalstoys,clothes,artsuppliesandvariousothergifts.That’swhenHeisssetouttomakethelittlegirl’sChristmasdreamscometr

ue.HeisssaidhehadattemptedtosendChristmasletterstoSantaClausviaballoonwhenhewasakidbutneverreceivedaresponse.HeisssentaFac

ebookmessageonWednesdaytoXENY,aradiostationinNogales,toseeifitcouldhelphimtrackdownthegirlorherfamily.Helaterreceivedaresponsefromthes

tation,whichhaddeterminedtheauthoroftheletterwasan8-year-oldgirlnamedDayami,andthestationwantedtosetupameetingbetweenthetwoonThursday.

“Itjustchangedmyentireday,”HeisstoldtheWashingtonPost.“InsteadofgoingbacktomyofficeinBisbee,IwentwithmywifetoWalmart.”Thecoupleboughtalmosteve

rythingonDayami’slist.TheyalsobroughtafewgiftsforDayami’slittlesister,Ximena.Theytoldthechildrentheywere“ayudantesdeSanta,”orSanta

’shelpers.Heiss,60,saidtheexperiencewasveryhealingforhimandhiswife.Nineyearsago,thecouple’sonlysondied.“Beinga

roundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeenabsentinourlives,”Heisssaid.Wenowhavefriendsforlife.Foraday,thatborderfencewithitsco

ncertinawiremeltedaway.【语篇解读】RandyHeiss在亚利桑那州巴塔哥尼亚散步时,意外收到了来自边境的一个小女孩通过气球发来的圣诞礼物清单。4.HowdidDayamisendoutherChristmaswishes?A.BycallingHeiss.B.By

attachingthemtoaballoon.C.Bywritingtoaradiostation.D.BysendingaFacebookmessage.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段“Ifoundthisballoononmymorn

ingwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl”及下文可知小女孩就是Dayami,她是通过把愿望绑在气球上发送圣诞愿望的。故选B

项。5.WhendidHeissknowwhatthegirlexactlywanted?A.Afterthehelpofhiswife.B.Whenhefoundtheballoon.C.Aftertheirmeetingi

nAmerica.D.Whenhegotaresponsefromtheradiostation.答案A解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知,他是通过妻子的帮助知道女孩到底想要什么的。故选A项。6.WhatmightmakeHeissd

ecidetofulfillthelittlegirl’sChristmaswishes?A.Hisson’swill.B.Thegirlsrequestforhelp.C.Hissimilarunsuccessfulexperience.D.H

isdesiretomakefriendswiththegirl.答案C解析推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知,他小时候有和女孩相似的但不成功的经历,因此他决定帮助女孩实现愿望。故选C项。7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.T

hecouplegotoutofthepaincompletely.B.Theexperiencewasagreatrelieftothecouple.C.ThecouplewouldhelpmorechildrenfromMexico.D.T

herewillbenoborderbetweencountriesoneday.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一句可知,这段经历对Heiss和他的妻子来说是非常治愈的。因为他们九年前失去了唯一的儿子,因此这次经历对他们来说是一种很大的

安慰。故选B项。C主题语境:人与社会——艺术家建议用时:5’实际用时:正答率:/4FuYiyao,oneofChina’sleadinginkwashpainters,releasedhernewbookonDec

ember6inShanghai.Fufollowedthewordsofherfather,FuBaoshi(1904-1965),whowastherepresentativelandscapepainterofhistime,tostu

dyChineselanguageincollege.Shesetfootinpaintingcirclesduetoherstrongattachment(依恋)totheartandsincebecameanoutsta

ndingpainter.In1979,Fuwasoneofthefirstbatch(批)ofoverseasstudentssenttoJapanafterthecountrycarriedoutitsrefo

rmandopeninguppolicy.Shewasfamousforlarge-scaleinkwashpaintingandheldmanyexhibitionsaroundtheworld,helpingpromoteChinesepaintingw

orldwide.Fusaidthatheroriginaldreamwastobecomeanactress,butherfatherthoughtthatliteratureplaysanimportantroleinone’sgrowthandisalsoaquali

fication(资格)tostartpainting.Later,Fugraduallyunderstoodherfather’sdeeploveforher.AfterlivinginJapanfor40years,Fusaidshegenu

inelyunderstandsthesuperiorityofhermotherland’scultureandshewillconstantlypromotetheartofinkwashpainting.Shebelievesthatshehasobeyedbyherfather’swish

es.Speakingofheroriginalintentionofcreatingherbook,Fusaid,“Itisnotapureautobiography(自传)forIhavesharedmyreflect

ionsonlifeandartinanewform.”Meanwhile,thebookhasthreetypesofvisiontomeettheneedsofdifferentreaders.“IhavegotwhatIwantedintheprocessofstudyandcr

eation.Lovemayremainonlythreedays,butmyloveforChineseculturecanlastthousandsofyears,”Fuconcluded.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了中国水墨画家之一,著名水墨画

家傅抱石的女儿傅益瑶的成长经历及成就。8.WhydidFuYiyaobecomeafamouspainter?A.Becauseherfatherwasapainter.B.Becauseshelistenedtoherfather.C.B

ecauseshewascrazyaboutart.D.Becauseshestudiedpaintingincollege.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,傅益瑶痴迷于艺术是她成为杰出的

画家的原因。故选C项。9.What’sFu’spurposeofholdingmanyexhibitionsaroundtheworld?A.Toearnmoremoneybyherpaintings.B.Tobefamo

usforlarge-scaleinkwashpainting.C.Tohelpmorepeoplewhoneedhelpallovertheworld.D.TomakepeopleallovertheworldgettoknowChinesepainting.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后

一句可知,傅益瑶在世界各地举办了许多画展,其目的是在世界范围内推广中国绘画,也就是让世界各地的人来了解中国的绘画。故选D项。10.Whatdidherfatherthinkimportantinone’sgrowth?A.Literatu

re.B.Painting.C.Friendship.D.Gift.答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句中的“butherfatherthoughtthatliteratureplaysanimportantrolei

none’sgrowth”可知,她的父亲认为文学在一个人的成长中是非常重要的。故选A项。11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Fulovespaintingverym

uch.B.Fuloveshermotherlandverymuch.C.Fuloveshernewbookverymuch.D.FulovesChinesecultureverymuch.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一

段第二句中的“myloveforChineseculturecanlastthousandsofyears”可推知,傅益瑶是非常爱国的。故选B项。D主题语境:人与自然——环境保护建议用时:6’实际用时:正答率:/4Expertspredictthew

orldcouldrunoutofchocolatewithin40yearsbecausecacaoplantsarestrugglingtosurviveinwarmerclimates.Thetreescanonlygrowwithina

bout20degreesnorthandsouthoftheEquator(赤道)—andtheygrowunderspecificconditionssuchashighhumidity(湿度)andabundantrain.Thatmeanscacaoproductio

nareasaresettobepushedthousandsoffeetuphillintomountainousareawhichiscarefullypreservedforwildlifeby2050.Lastyearexpertsp

redictedthattheworldwasheadingfora“chocolatedeficit(赤字)”asshoppersindevelopingcountriesrushedtobuymorechocolate.ThetypicalWesternc

onsumereatsanaverageof286chocolatebarsayear—moreiftheyarefromBelgium,accordingtotheresearch.Sincethe1990s,morethanabill

ionpeoplefromChina,Indonesia,India,BrazilandtheformerSovietUnionhaveenteredthemarketforcocoa.Despitetheincreaseddemand,supplyhasnotk

eptupandstoresofcocoaaresaidtobefalling.DougHawkins,fromLondon-basedresearchfirmHardmanAgribusiness,saidproductionofcocoaisunders

train(面临压力)asfarmingmethodshavenotchangedforhundredsofyears.Somereportssuggestcocoagrowersintheworld’stopproducercountry,IvoryCoast,haveturnedtoill

egallyfarmingprotectedforeststomeetdemand—whatMr.Hawkinscalls“destructionbychocolate”.【语篇解读】有关专家预测由于全球气候变暖,可可树将难以生存,因此巧克力将在40年之内绝迹。12.What’

sthereasonthatchocolatecoulddisappearingwithin40years?A.Plentyofrain.B.Globalwarming.C.Morebadclimates.D.Peopleneedingmorechocolat

e.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“becausecacaoplantsarestrugglingtosurviveinwarmerclimates”可知,巧克力将在40年之内绝迹,原因是全球气候变暖。13.Whichoft

hefollowingdoesnotbelongtothegrowingconditionsofcacaoplants?A.Highwet.B.Enoughrain.C.Alotofsunlightandprotection.D.In20

degreesnorthandsouthoftheEquator.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段的“Thetreescanonlygrowwithinabout20degreesnorthandsouthoftheEquator”和“

highhumidity(湿度)andabundantrain”可知,可可树种植区域仅限距离赤道南北纬约20度的狭窄的雨林,喜生在湿度大、雨量充足的环境。故选C项。14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto

?A.Experts.B.Chocolatebars.C.Developingcountries.D.ThetypicalWesternconsumers.答案D解析词义猜测题。由本句的意思可知,they指上文的“典型西方国家的消费者”。故选D项。15.Wh

atdoesDougHawkinsthinkofproductionofcocoainhighdemand?A.Farmingmethodshaven’tchangedforhundredsofyears.B.Moreandmorepeoplelikeeatingchocolate

production.C.Lessandlesspeopleplantcacaoplantsallovertheworld.D.Morepeoplefromdevelopingcountrieslikeeatingchocolat

eproduction.答案A解析细节理解题。由第六段中的“asfarmingmethodshavenotchangedforhundredsofyears”可知,道格·霍金斯认为可可产品供应紧张是因为可可树种植方法几百年来一

成不变。故选A项。第三组A主题语境:人与自然——旅游建议用时:5’实际用时:正答率:/3(2019四川眉山一诊)KhotynFortressBuiltinthe13th-14thcentury,itliesontheri

ghtbankoftheDniesterRiverinKhotyn,ofwesternUkraine.ItisalsointhehistoricalnorthernBessarabiaregionwhichwassplitin1940betweenUkrainea

ndMoldova.AnditisneartotheOldKam’yanetsCastleofKamianets-Podilskyi,whichwasalsousedasafamousdefensivestructure.Itisconvenienttobookthehotel

snearbyitatlowprices,suchasPremierClub,ReikartzKamianets-Podilskyandsoon.Kamenets-PodolskCastleItliesintheKhmelntskyRegion,Ukraine.Thisarch

itecturaltreasureisoverathousandyearsoldanditcanbefoundinthecatalogueoftheBritishNationalMuseum.Itsarchitecturewhichunitesbestwest

ernandeasterntraditionsfitsintothenatureperfectly.Thecastleconsistsofminaretbuildings,atownhall,anOrthodoxchurchandaPolishCatholicchurch.I

tsbeautyhasbeenattractingtouristsfromallovertheworldformanyyears.VorontsovPalaceItisahistoricpalacelyi

ngatthefootoftheCrimeanMountainsnearthetownofAlupkainCrimea,Ukraine.ItisoneoftheoldestandlargestpalacesinCrimea,andoneofthemostpopulartouris

tattractionsonCrimea’ssoutherncoast.Theconstructionofthepalacebeganin1830,accordingtoaprojectbyEngli

sharchitectEdwardBlore(1789-1879)anditwassupposedtobethepalaceforPrinceMikhailVorontsovtospendsummer.MetropolitanPalaceItwasbuiltbetween

theyears1864-1882accordingtothedesignsoftheCzecharchitectJosefHlávka.Thepalace,whosebuildingsarenowpartofChernivtsiUniver

sity,Ukraine,wasdeclaredaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2011.【语篇解读】本文属于应用文,主要介绍了乌克兰境内的几处著名的城堡和宫殿。作者从它们的修建历史、地理位置以及特色等方面作

了介绍。1.WhatcanweknowaboutKhotynFortress?A.Itservedasdefencework.B.Itisopentothepublicforfree.C.ItistheoldestbuildinginUkraine.D.It

wasdividedintotwopartsin1940.答案A解析细节理解题。由KhotynFortress部分的“AnditisneartotheOldKam’yanetsCastleofKamianets-P

odilskyi,whichwasalsousedasafamousdefensivestructure.”可知,该城堡与OldKam’yanetsCastle临近,这个城堡也曾经被用作防御工事,由此推

知,KhotynFortress过去是作防御工事用的,故选A项。2.Whichhastheshortesthistory?A.Kamenets-PodolskCastle.B.KhotynFortress.C.V

orontsovPalace.D.MetropolitanPalace.答案D解析细节理解题。通过对比四个历史遗迹存在的时间长短可知,MetropolitanPalace修建于1864—1882年,比修建于18

30年的VorontsovPalace还要晚,因此选D项。3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelmagazine.B.Anarchitecturebrochure.C.

Aresearchpaperonhistory.D.Ageographytextbook.答案A解析推理判断题。本文介绍了乌克兰境内的4个著名城堡和宫殿,谈到了它们的地理位置、悠久的历史以及建筑特色。特别是

在介绍KhotynFortress时,作者还提到了该城堡附近的旅馆;在介绍Kamenets-PodolskCastle时,作者提到了该城堡每年吸引了众多旅游者;在介绍MetropolitanPalace时,作者提到了该宫殿是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产文化地。由

此可知,这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志,故选A项。B主题语境:人与社会——著名建筑建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4(2019四川眉山一诊)ProfessorSunJun,aged93in2018,hasdevotedhislifetoworkingonChina’

sgiantconstructionprojects,includingtheQinghai-Tibethighway,ThreeGorgesDam,andtheYangtzeRiverTunnel.Inhislatestproject,theTongjiU

niversityacademicservedasasenioradviserontheconstructionoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.UndertheguidanceofSun,XuWei,aprofessorinTongjiandSun’sst

udent,tookovertechnicalassistancefortheconstructionofthebridge.“EverytimeIsawSunandotherprofessorsworkingonthebridge,Ifeltatease,”saidLin

Ming,thegeneralprojectmanager.LininitiallyinvitedanexperiencedDutchcompanytoserveasthetechnicalassistantfortheprojec

t.ThecompanywantedtochargeUS$171million.HethenaskedforhelpfromXualongwithexpertsinTongjiUniversity.ThemethodsdevelopedbyTongjiUniversity

reducedtheimpactofthebridgeontheChinesewhitedolphin,whichisunderfirstclassstateprotection.Thekeychallengeduringtheconstructionofthe

bridgewasthe6.7-kmunderwatertunnel,theworld’slongestanddeepestunderseatunnel.DingWenqi,whowasnicknamedthe“tunnelexpert”,wasaskedtoensurethetu

besbeconnectedperfectly—evenundertheinfluencesoflandsubsidence(下沉),waterpressureandtidemovement.HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorwi

thTongji,developedamethodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakageandlandsubsidenceduringthed

iggingofthemostchallenging2-kmsectionofthetunnel.ThetunnelsectionoftheprojectwascompletedinMay2017.Sunwasin

vitedtovisitthenear-completedbridgeagaininFebruary2018.Theexpertsaidhefeltthemostrelaxedthistimesincemostofthechallengeshavebeenconquered.“

Inthenextstep,weshouldfocusonhowtomakethetwoartificialislandsmorebeautifulandattracttravelers,”Sunsaid.Xusaidallthestaffinhisofficetookagreatpri

deinwatchingtheTVnewsofthebridge’sofficialopeningonWednesday.【语篇解读】港珠澳大桥的建成离不开所有参与者的智慧与汗水。同济大学的专家们积极献策,他们反复研究、试验,攻破了港珠澳大桥建设的重重技术难关,创造了世界奇迹。4.What

isProfessorSun’scontributiontothebridge?A.HeworkedinTongjiUniversity.B.Hewasthegeneralprojectmanager.C.Hegavemuchadvi

ceontheproject.D.Hetookoverthetechnicalassistance.答案C解析推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知,他是港珠澳大桥的高级顾问,因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C项。5.

WhydidLinMingaskforhelpfromexpertsinTongjiUniversity?A.TheDutchcompanychargedtoomuch.B.Thetechnicalassista

nthadtoomuchtrouble.C.TongjiUniversitydidbestinthegiantprojects.D.Hefeltrelaxedtoseeprofessorsworkingonthebridge.答案A解析推理判断题。由第二段最后

两句可知,是因为荷兰公司要价太高,工程总经理才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A项。6.What’sthegreatesttroubleinbuildingthebridge?A.ProtectingtheChinesewhited

olphin.B.Constructingthelongest&deepestunderseatunnel.C.Controllingthewaterpressure.D.Preventingthetide.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知,同济大学开

发的方法减少了大桥对处于国家一级保护下的中华白海豚的影响。大桥建造过程中的一个关键挑战是6.7千米的海底隧道,这是世界上最长和最深的海底隧道,故选B项。7.Howdidtheexpertstopwaterleakinginbuildingtheunderseatunnel?A.Bykeeping

thetidemoving.B.Bydiggingdeepintothesea.C.Byincreasingthewaterpressure.D.Byfreezingthenearbyeartharoundthetunn

el.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段第四句可知,该专家通过冰冻隧道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D项。C主题语境:人与社会——意外急救建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4FridaywouldbeSamiaandSalem’swedding

day!Everyoneinthevillagewasexcitedandwasbusypreparingforthehappyevent.ThevillagerswereveryproudofSalemasheworkedlonghoursandcaredaboutth

epeopleinhisvillage.Whileotherswereenjoyingthepreweddingcelebrations,togetherwiththenurses,thegroomwasbusydeliveringababyinhisclinic.Thebrid

ewasinherroomhappilyarrangingherhairandmake-up,gettingreadyforthearrivalofherguests.Herfamilyandfriendshadexcitedlyprepared

thehenna(涂指甲花)party.GrandmaandMumwerebusyinthekitchenwiththefoodtheyhadmadeforthehennafeastforthedaybeforeF

riday.Samia’sfriendMariamwasmakingtheweddingcake.HerfriendShaikhawascollectingthebride’sdressfromtheta

ilor.At12noonthehennamakerarrived.Followingthetradition,shestarteddecoratingthebride’shands.Therewasanairofexcitementinthe

room.Grandmastartedsingingatraditionalfolksong.Suddenly,thebridefeltastrangetingling(麻刺感)inherhand.Itgrewworseandworse.Herhandbec

ameredandswollensoon.Grandmasaid,“Ohdear,Ithinkitbestthatyouwashyourhandsimmediately.”Asanemergencyfirstaider,Mariamsuggestedapplyingsomecol

dcreamonSamia’shandandranoffandreturnedwithsomeinherhand.Neitheroftheseworked.MumtookcontrolandphonedSalembutinvain.Withouthesitat

ion,shetookSamiatothehospitalurgentlywithDadandotherfriends.DrAhmedlookedatherhandandsaid,“You’vehadanallergicreac

tiontothehenna.Tomorrowisyourwedding.Whataboutdrawingthehennausingbodycolors?”Everyonesmiled.【语篇解读】S

amia和Salem将在星期五举行婚礼,在婚礼的前一天,按照传统,新娘Samia需要涂指甲花,但是在涂指甲花的过程中,她对指甲花染料过敏,导致紧急情况的发生,好在她母亲冷静处理,最后化险为夷。8.Wha

twasSalemdoingthedaybeforethewedding?A.Workingwiththenurses.B.Decoratingthebride’shands.C.Preparingforthewedd

ingcake.D.Visitingthetailorfortheweddingsuit.答案A解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,在婚礼的前一天,新郎Salem还在诊所和护士一起接生一个小宝宝。因此,选A项。9.Whate

venttookplaceinthevillageonThursday?A.Celebratingaweddingceremony.B.Holdingababy’sbirthdayparty.C.Havingafeastparty.D.Orderingtheweddingdress.答案C解析细

节理解题。由第二段中的“GrandmaandMumwerebusyinthekitchenwiththefoodtheyhadmadeforthehennafeastforthedaybeforeFriday.”可知,星期四,即Samia和Salem婚礼的前一天,遵循传统风俗,新娘需要涂

指甲花,然后有一个很大的宴会,Samia的奶奶和妈妈在为这个宴会做准备。故选C项。10.WhydidMariamrunawaywhenshesawwhathappenedtoSamia?A.Togets

omewater.B.Tocallafirstaider.C.ToinformSamia’smother.D.Tofetchsomecream.答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“MariamsuggestedapplyingsomecoldcreamonSamia’sh

andandranoffandreturnedwithsomeinherhand.”可知,Mariam是急救医生,她建议将冷的奶油涂在Samia的手上,于是跑开去拿奶油,而且很快拿了一些回来。故选D项。11.HowdidSamia’smoth

erfeelfacingtheemergency?A.Regretful.B.Calm.C.Powerful.D.Nervous.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“MumtookcontrolandphonedSalembuti

nvain.Withouthesitation,shetookSamiatothehospitalurgently...”可知,在大家不知所措的时候,是Samia的妈妈控制了局面,在给新郎Salem打电话无果的情况下,她毫不犹豫地与Sa

mia的父亲和其他朋友紧急将她送到医院。在整个过程中,她显得干练、冷静,故选B项。D主题语境:人与环境——电子垃圾建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4TheUnitedNations(UN)warnedthatwastefromdisca

rded(废弃的)electronicslikemobilephones,laptopsandrefrigeratorsispilingupworldwide,anditurgedfarbetterrecyclingoftheoftenhaz

ardousrubbish.Afull44.7milliontonsofe-wastewasproducedaroundtheworldin2016,up8%fromtwoyearsearlier,andthat’sequalto4,500EiffelTowers,accordingt

oareport.By2021,theworldwilllikelybefilledwithafull52.2milliontonsofsuchwaste,whichtodayconsistsmainlyoffridges,washingmachinesandoth

erdomesticappliances,butalsoincreasinglymobilephonesandcomputers.Atthesametime,thiswaste,whichcancauseseriousriskstohuma

nhealthandtheenvironment,israrelyrecycledorproperlydiscarded,withmostofitendingupatdumpsites(垃圾站)orinincinerators(焚化炉),accordingtothe

report.Only20%ofalle-waste,or8.9milliontons,producedlastyearwasdocumentedasproperlyrecycled.Perhapsthemostpromisingwaytoreducinge-wasteisas

ystemwhereconsumersnolongerpurchasedevices,butinsteadonlytheservicestheyprovide,RuedigerKuehrofUNU’sSustainableCyclesProgrammetoldAFP.【语篇解

读】本文主要介绍了现在电子产品带来大量垃圾,这种会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害的垃圾很少被回收或妥善处理。12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazardous”inthefirstp

aragraphmean?A.Harmful.B.Beneficial.C.Unmanageable.D.Easy-going.答案A解析词义猜测题。由第四段第一句中的“Atthesametime,thiswaste,whichcancauseseriousriskst

ohumanhealthandtheenvironment,israrelyrecycledorproperlydiscarded”可知,这种垃圾是有害的。hazardous的意思是“有害的”。故选A项。13.Ho

wwase-wastearoundtheworldin2016?A.Theamountofe-wastewaslessthanthatin2014.B.Theamountofe-wastewasmorethanthatin2014.C.Theamountofe-w

astewasashighasEiffelTower.D.Theamountofe-wastewasthesameasthatin2014.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“e-wastewasproducedaroundtheworldi

n2016,up8%fromtwoyearsearlier”可知,2016年全球产生的电子垃圾,要比两年前多。故选B项。14.Ifpeopledon’trecycleorproperlyhandlemuche-wasteinfuture,.A.itwillcostpeopleal

otofmoneyB.itwillbringriskstopeople’slifeC.itwilltakeupalotofplacesintheworldD.itwilldoharmtohumanhealthandtheenvironment答案D解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知,如果人们不回

收或处理不当,这种垃圾会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害。故选D项。15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Kuehrhopestosupplymoreservicestopeople.B.Kuehrhopespeopleuselesselectr

onicproduction.C.Properlyusingelectronicproductionisveryimportant.D.Themostpromisingwaytoreducinge-wastehasbeenfound.答案B解析推理判断题。

由最后一段可推知,库尔认为减少电子垃圾的最可行的方法是构建一个系统,在这个系统中消费者不再购买设备。故选B项。第四组A主题语境:人与社会——志愿服务建议用时:4’实际用时:正答率:/3(2019广东潮州二模)Volunteeringabroa

disagreatwaytohelpothers,improveyourskillsandbecomeamoreconfident,independentperson.Ifyouareinterestedinvolunteeringabro

ad,herearesomeplacestogo.AustraliaIfyouseekalifeonthebeach,inagreatclimatewithfriendlypeople,Australiamightbey

ourbestbet.WiththousandsofvolunteersalreadysigninguptoleaveforAustraliaduringtheholidays,itwillbeaverypopularoption.Brazi

lThisvastcountryhassomegreatopportunitiesonofferandisespeciallypopularthisyear.AlotofvolunteerworkisavailableinBrazilcentersonconservat

ionandecologicalprojects.Withtheworld’slargestrainforestinBrazil,ofwhichhugepartisindanger,therearelotsofdiffere

ntjobsyoucando.KenyaKenyaisthedestinationforthoseseekinganAfricanexperience.GenerallyvolunteersinKenyaworkinorphana

ges(孤儿院)orwithlocalchildrenlivinginslums(贫民窟).ThereisagreatdemandforvolunteersinAfricabecausemanypeoplelivei

npoverty,soifyoutrulyfeellikemakingadifferencetoacommunity,Kenyashouldbeatthetopofyourlist.CostaRicaG

oldensandybeaches,clearcoastlinesandbeautifulcitiesarewhatCostaRicaisallabout.Becauseofitssmallsize,youcanseealotofthecountryinjus

tashorttime.Youcanreallymakethemostofyourtimeasavolunteer.Alotofworkisneededwithwildlifeandecologicalwork,soif

youwanttolookafterturtles(海龟)onthebeach,CostaRicacouldbejusttheplaceforyou.【语篇解读】文章介绍的是四个不同的国家的志愿者所从事的不同的事情的具体信息。1.Wherewillyouprobablygoifyouar

einterestedinprotectingtheenvironment?A.Australia.B.Brazil.C.Kenya.D.CostaRica.答案B解析推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“Withthe

world’slargestrainforestinBrazil,ofwhichhugepartisindanger,therearelotsofdifferentjobsyoucando.”可知,巴西的热带雨林正受到威胁

,所以你如果对环境保护有兴趣就去巴西吧!故选B项。2.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatvolunteersinKenyamainlyworkwith?A.Children.B.Theelderly.C.Animals.D.Plan

ts.答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“GenerallyvolunteersinKenyaworkinorphanagesorwithlocalchildrenlivinginslums.”可知,志愿者主要是

照顾孩子,故选A项。3.WhatshouldyoudoifyouchoosetogotoCostaRica?A.Surfwithchildreninthewater.B.Takecareoftreesintheforests.C.Workwithanimalsonthebeach.D.Lookaf

terchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.答案C解析细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“Alotofworkisneededwithwildlifeandecologicalwork,soifyouwanttolookafterturtlesonthebeach,Co

staRicacouldbejusttheplaceforyou.”可知,在哥斯达黎加你可以照顾海龟。故选C项。B主题语境:人与自然——冰岛之旅所感建议用时:6’实际用时:正答率:/4(2019山东省实验中学4月质检)Ihavethreekidsandagreathusban

dandI’menjoyingacareerthatIfindchallengingandfun.Totheoutsideworld,thisfeelslike“Success.”ButthereisstillavoiceinmyheartaskingifthisiswhoItrulyam.

OnlyinsilencedoIheartheselfandwonderwhothatpersonmightbe.SoIbookedatriptofindout.Itravelled,forthefirsttime,wit

houtmyhusbandorkids.IwenttoIcelandwithafriend,whosharesanappreciationforwildernessandsilence.Forsixdays,wewereimmersed(沉浸)inwild,rawscene

ryandrealweather—allkindsofweather.Climbingamountainagainstrainandreturningtoatentforasimplemealremindsyouhowlittleyouactuallyneed.Andhows

trongitfeelstobeuncomfortablesometimes.IfoundsilenceinIceland,andtimetoconsiderthemeoutsideofcareerandthemeoutsideofkidsasIsharedstorieswithstr

angers.WhenIstoppedtalkingandjustlistened,Ibecamemoregenerous.Ilearnedthatchoosingtobegenerouscancreatemorespace,more

foodandmorewarmth.ButIdidn’treallygainanybetterappreciationofwhatIwantfromlifeormyjob.IsuspecttheanxietythatdrovemetoseeksilenceinIcelandw

aslosingsightofmyabilitytochoosegratitudeandjoy,andtobepresentinthechallengesIsetinmycareerandmyfamily.Icamehometonoi

se,rushandlove;withnolessconfusiononwhoIwanttobe.Iknowtheanswerisn’twaitingoutthereonthetopofamountaininIceland.Theanswerisinfrontofmewitheve

rysteponmyownlife’spath,andineverychoiceImake.【语篇解读】为了寻找真正的自我,作者踏上冰岛之旅。回来之后,她意识到答案不在遥远的冰岛,而在平平淡淡的日常工作与生活中。4.Whydidtheauthortakeatri

ptoIceland?A.Togainanewexperience.B.Toenjoyfamilyhappiness.C.Tobetterunderstandherself.D.Toappreciatenaturalbeauty.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句可

知,作者之所以暂时放下工作与家人前往冰岛,是为了寻找真正的自我,故选C项。5.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthor’strip?A.Exciting.B.Difficult.C.Relaxing.D.Adventurous.答案B解析推理判断题。由第三段中的

“wewereimmersed(沉浸)inwild,rawsceneryandrealweather—allkindsofweather”可知,作者在冰岛期间遭遇各种恶劣天气、饮食简单,并且体验到了种种不舒适。可知

作者的旅途是“困难的”,故选B项。6.Whatchangehappenedtotheauthor?A.Shefeltlonelier.B.Shefeltmoreanxious.C.Shebecamemorecaring.D.Shebecamemoreconfident

.答案C解析细节理解题。由第五段的“Ibecamemoregenerous.Ilearnedthatchoosingtobegenerouscancreatemorespace,morefoodandmorewarmth”可知,作者在冰

岛旅游期间最大的变化是变得更加慷慨大方,经常与陌生人分享。故选C项。7.Whatwilltheauthordointhefuture?A.Gobacktonature.B.Facerealitybravely.C.TraveltoIcelandmoreoften.D.Payle

ssattentiontoherfeelings.答案B解析推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知,作者意识到冰岛之旅有点让自己逃避生活与工作中的挑战;找到自我的答案,不在遥远的冰岛,而在日常生活中所走的每一步、所做的每一次选择。由此判断选B项。C主题语境:人与社会——科技发展

建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4(2019安徽合肥六中考前冲刺)Therearebillionsofpeopleonthisplanet,andmanyofuslovetoeatmeat.In2018alone,theaverageAmericanwillconsumemoret

han100kgofredmeat,accordingtoareportfromtheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA).Atthesametime,theenvironmentalimpactcausedb

ymeatconsumption—waste,animaltreatment,healthissuesandeventhegreenhousegaseffects—hasgivenrisetoanumberofstartups(新兴企业)lookingforwaystofillourgr

owingdemandformeat.Butcanthedemandbefilledinasustainableandaffordableway?Abunchofcompaniesarenotonlyoptimisticbutareworkingtomakethisha

ppensooner.Allofthesecompaniesharvestcellsfromanimalsandgrowtheminalab.Forexample,SanFrancisco-basedMemphisMeatsisdevelopingcell-basedmea

tsinitslaboratoriesbymanufacturingfatandmusclecellswithoutrequiringanyanimals.Anddon’tworryifyou’renotameatlover.StartupssuchasJetEat,whichisbas

edinIsrael,areworkingonfoodproductsgrowninlabsthatareplant-basedandproducemeatsusingnaturalingredientswhilestillmaintainingflav

or,consistencyandthe“overallsensoryexperience”.Asyoucanimagine,thereareplentyofhurdlesfacingtheindustry.Educat

ingthepublicisabigone.Anothercontroversialissueisthelabellingoftheproducts.MeatindustrytradegroupshavebeenpressingtheUSDAtomorestrictlyregulatealt

ernativemeats,labeledas“imitationproducts”.Manyofushaveconcernsaboutthechallengesfacingfuturegenerationsasourglob

alpopulationswellsandtheearth’snaturalresourcesshrink.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofcompaniesaroundtheworld—likethosepr

oducinglab-grownmeats—whoareworkingtosolvesomeoftheseproblemsandmakeafewbucksintheprocess.Nothingwrongwiththat.【语篇解读】为了满足人类不断增长的对肉类的需求,又兼顾环

境影响,很多公司开始制造人造肉,虽然困难重重,但是前景光明。8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A.Protectingthemeatindustry.B.Promotingahealth

ylifestyle.C.Reducingmeatconsumptiongradually.D.Meetinghumandemandsformeatsustainably.答案D解析词义猜测题。由第一段中的“Butcanthedemandbefilledinasustaina

bleandaffordableway?”以及第二段中的“Abunchofcompaniesarenotonlyoptimisticbutareworkingtomakethishappensooner.Allofthesecompaniesharvestcellsfromanimalsa

ndgrowtheminalab.”可知,this指代满足人们对肉类的需求,又不损害环境,而很多公司正在使之成为现实,故选D项。9.WhatkindofmeatdoesJetEatproduce?A.Ittastesasgoodasr

ealmeat.B.Itisharvesteddirectlyfromanimals.C.Itlookslikeplantscompletely.D.Itcontainsfatandmusclecells.答案A解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“Startu

pssuchasJetEat,whichisbasedinIsrael,areworkingonfoodproductsgrowninlabsthatareplant-basedandproducemeatsusingnaturaling

redientswhilestillmaintainingflavor,consistencyandthe‘overallsensoryexperience’.”可知,新兴企业,例如一家位于以色列的公司JetEat,正在致力于研发

基于植物的人造肉,用天然原材料来生产,但又保持肉类的味道和吃肉的快感,故选A项。10.Accordingtothepassage,howcanconsumerstellthelab-grownmeat?A.Byreceivingpubliceducation.B.Byreferr

ingtothelabel.C.Byobservingitclosely.D.ByconsultingtheUSDA.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“MeatindustrytradegroupshavebeenpressingtheUSDAtomorestr

ictlyregulatealternativemeats,labeledas‘imitationproducts’.”可知,很多肉类公司对美国农业部施加压力,要求对人造肉进行更加严格的管理,把人造肉标

为仿制肉,故消费者可以通过标签来识别人造肉,选B项。11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Extraordinaryjobsdonebynewstartups.B.Lab-grownmeatreadyto

feedtheworld.C.Effectivestrategiesappliedwhenshopping.D.Theexistingthreatfacedbyhumans.答案B解析主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看

出:文章主要讲述为了满足人类不断增长的对肉类的需求,又兼顾环境影响,很多公司开始制造人造肉,虽然困难重重,但是前景不错,故选B项。D主题语境:人与社会——科技发展建议用时:7’实际用时:正答率:/4Theregularworldpres

entedtousbyourfivesenses—youcouldcallitreality1.0—isnotalwaysthemostuser-friendlyofplaces.Wegetlostinunfamiliarcities;wemeetpeoplewhoselan

guagewedon’tunderstand.Sowhynottrytheimprovedversion:augmentedreality(AR)orreality2.0?ARtechnologyaddscomputer-producedimages(图像)

ontherealworldviaamobilephonecameraorspecialvideoglasses.EarlyformsofARarealreadyhere.Withtherightdownloads,smartphonescandeliverinfor

mationaboutnearbyATMsandrestaurantsandotherpointsofinterest.Butthat’sjustthebeginning.Afewyearsfromnowthequantityofinformationavailablew

illhaveincreasedhugely.Youwillnotonlyseethatthere’saChineserestaurantonthenextblock,butyouwillbeabletoseethemen

uandreadreviewsofit.Thisiswherethenextrevolutionincomputingwilltakeplace:intheinterface(界面)betweentherealworldandtheinformationbroughttousviath

eInternet.Imaginebubblesfloatingbeforeyoureyes,filledwithcoolinformationaboutanythingandeverythingthatyouseeinfront

ofyou.Let’sjumpaheadtotenyearsfromnow.Apersontryingtofixtheircarwon’tbereadingabookwithpictures;theywillbewearingadevicethatprojects

animated3-Dcomputergraphicsontotheequipmentunderrepair,labellingpartsandgivingstep-by-stepguidance.ThewindowontotheARwo

rldcanbeasmartphoneorspecialvideoglasses.Butintenyears’timethesewillhavebeenreplacedbycontactlenses(隐形眼镜)withtinyLEDs,whichpresentsomethingatare

adabledistanceinfrontoftheeye.Soadeafpersonwearingtheselenseswillbeabletoseewhatpeoplearesaying.Thequestionis

,whileweareallabsorbedinournewaugmentedrealityworlds,howwillwebecommunicatingwitheachother?【语篇解读】文章介绍了AR技术的发展,及将给人们工作、生活带来的巨

大变化。AR技术是下一场信息技术革命。12.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Thenextinformationtechnologyrevolution.B.Earlyformsofaugmentedrealitytech

nology.C.Thedifferencesbetweenreality1.0andreality2.0.D.Therelationshipbetweenpeoplelivinginreality2.0.答案A解析主旨大意题。文章介绍了AR

技术的发展,及将给人们工作生活带来的巨大变化,比如你可以直接戴上仪器,然后直接由显示器上的图表自行修复,失聪的人可以通过眼前的隐形眼镜上的视频观看某人的说话内容等。故选A项。13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“it”refertoinparagraph2?A.Themenu.B.Theblock.C.Therevolution.D.Therestaurant.答案D解析词义猜测题。由本段前面信息可知,通过网络,你不仅可以查看下一个街区中餐馆的位置,还可以查看该餐馆的菜单和人们对它的评论。因此,i

t指代的是那个餐馆,故选D项。14.WhataretinyLEDsusedtodo?A.Protectpeople’seyes.B.Showtextandimages.C.Warnusersofdan

gers.D.Replacevideoglasses.答案B解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“...withtinyLEDs,whichpresentsomethingatareadabledista

nceinfrontoftheeye.”可知,这种装在隐形眼镜上的LED是用来在人的眼前可读范围内展示某些东西的设备;后面有举例:失聪的人戴上这种隐形眼镜后可以看见人们所讲的是什么东西,故选B项。15.Wh

at’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsARtechnology?A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Favourable.D.Ambiguous.答案C解析观点态度题。作者在第一段告诉我们reality1.0反

映给人们的信息不准确,对用户不友好,比如在陌生城市会迷路;我们会遇到听不懂的语言等。作者提出为什么不试一试reality1.0的升级版reality2.0(ARtechnology)呢,由此可知,作者对该技术持肯定态度,故选C项。