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1课时分层作业(十)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示写出下列单词1．Asthesayinggoes“Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisbasisofman'sdesire(渴望)tounderstandit.”2．Heputdow

ntheelectionprocedure(程序)forastronautsontheblackboard.3．ItisknownthatYangLiweiisafamousastronaut(宇航员)inChina.4．Theyhadto

doalotofmentalandphysicaltrainingbeforebeingsentintospace.5．Hemustbeintelligentenoughtobeadmittedintothekeyuniversity.6．Nowthecountryhassucceede

dinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth'sgravity．7．UnfortunatelyastronautsonAmerica'sChallengerdiedduringthelaunch

(发射)．8．Hewasverydisappointedatthenewsthathisparentscan'tseehimoffattheairport.9．HereadsEnglishwordseverymorning

sincehehasbeendeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.10．Hehaslivedandlearnedindependently(独立地)atabroadsincehewas16yearsold.Ⅱ.阅读理解AWithtod

ay'spressures,playisoneofthemostignoredprivileges(特权)ofachild,andforthisreason,thereisaspecialdaydevotedtopl

ay—WorldPlayDay.Itiscelebratedon28Mayeachyearinover40countriesaroundtheworld.Nationally,WorldPlayDayhasbeencelebratedatvariousToyLibraries，ECD

CentersandGovernmentDepartmentsforthepastfiveyears.Eachyearhasseenanewthemeandanewfocus,althoughtheaimisalwaysthesame—forchildrentoletgoofthest

ressesofdailylifeandplay.ThethemeoftheinauguralWorldPlayDayin2014was“wecreatetimeto2play”.In2015itwas“playisfun”；2016focusedo

n“playforallages”；2017sawthetheme“sustainable(可持续的)play”taketothestage;atthethemeof2018is“freeplay”．VanessaMentor,theEarly

ChildhoodDevelopmentexpertatAfrikaTikkun,says,“Playisofthegreatestimportanceforthedevelopingchild.Itisthroughplayatanearlyagethatchildrenlearntocon

nectwiththeworldaroundthemandinteractwiththepeopleintheirlives.Playallowsthemtoexploretheworld，developne

wabilities,overcomefearsandincreasetheirconfidence.Itallowschildrentousetheirimaginationandcreativity.Physicalplayalso

leadstoactivelifestylesandhealthybodies.Thisyear's‘freeplay’isheldinaperfecttimewhenchildrenfeelthemselvesmostfree.Playti

meistheirtime.”So,whetheryouhavechildren,playwiththem,byconsideringyourselfas“abigkid”.AnyonecancelebrateWorldPlayDayon28M

ay.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是节日。目前，世界上有四十多个国家在五月二十八日这一天庆祝世界玩耍日。1．WhichofthefollowingisthereasonwhyWorldPlayDayiscreated?A．Thereislittleattentionpaidtop

lay.B．Playisimportanttochildren'sdevelopment.C．Childrenconnectwiththeworldthroughplay.D．Modernchildrenbadlyneedadayoftheirown.A[细节理解题。根据第一段

中的“Withtoday'spressures，playisoneofthemostignoredprivileges(特权)ofachild，andforthisreason，thereisaspecialdaydevotedtoplay—WorldPlayDay.”可知，由于当今各种压力，玩耍

作为孩子的一项特权遭到了忽视，为此，世界玩耍日被创建。]2．WhatistheaimofWorldPlayDay?A．Toincreasechildren'sconfidence.B．Tohelpchildreneaseth

eirstressandplay.C．Toencouragechildrentoleadanactivelifestyle.D．Toimprovechildren'simaginationandcreativity.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的

“Eachyearhasseenanewthemeanda3newfocus，althoughtheaimisalwaysthesame—forchildrentoletgoofthestressesofdailylifeandplay.”可知，世界玩耍日的目的是让孩子释放

压力去玩耍。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“inaugural”inParagraph3?A．Previous.B．Following.C．Special.D．First.D[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“WorldP

layDayhasbeencelebrated...forthepastfiveyears”和本段描述可知，2014年举办了首届世界玩耍日。]4．WhydoestheauthorquoteVanessaM

entor?A．Tointroducethethemeofthe2018WorldPlayDay.B．ToencourageustocelebrateWorldPlayDay.C．Tostresstheimportanceofplaytoc

hildren.D．Toadvisechildrentoplayfreely.C[推理判断题。根据VanessaMentor所说的“Playisofthegreatestimportanceforthedevelopingchild...”可知，玩耍对于孩子的成长具有重要的作用，作者通

过引用她的话旨在强调玩耍对于孩子的重要性。]BI'vealwaysbelievedthatsharingamealtogetherisimportant,whetherit'swithfamilyorfriends.Itcreatescommunity,and

communitygivesyouasenseofbelonging.Now,Icanaddanotherreasontomylist:eatingtogetherisgoodforyourwell-being.Arecentstudyof8，250Britishadultsfoundthatp

eoplewhoalwayseatalonescored7.9pointslowerinhappinessthanthosewhoeatregularlywithothers.Theonlyotherthing

morelikelytomakeyouunhappythaneatingaloneismental(心理的)illness.Morehappinessisagoodmotivatorforyoutoeattogetherwithyou

rfamilyorfriends.Remember,it'sthediningtogetherthat'simportant,notnecessarilythefoodyoueat.Youcanconnectwithpeopleoverpizzaaseasilyas

youcanoverroastbeef.I'dencourageyoutomakethatconnectionlastaslongaspossible,too.Takeyourtime.PracticewhattheItalianscallconv

iviality(欢宴)．FortheItalians,convivialityinvolvesfriendliness,conversationandsharingfoodanddrinkwhilefocusingonthepeo

pleyou'rewith.Everyonesitsatatable.Mealscan4takehoursandcomeoutinvariouscourses.Electronicdevices(设备)arerarelypulledout.

Themeal,alongwiththecompanyitcreates,istheentertainmentfortheevening.Oncedinnerisonthetable,eatslowlyandkeeptheconversationsf

lowing.OneoftheauthorsoftheBritishstudy,PsychologyProfessorRobinDunbarofOxfordUniversity,saidthey“simplydon'tknow”whypeoplewhoeattogeth

erarehappier.Maybetheyhaven'tscientificallybeenabletoreachaconclusion,butI'mwillingtoguessithastodowithbeinginacommunit

yandmakingconnections.Eitherway,it'sagoodexcusetotrythisapproachthenexttimeyoufindyourselfeatingalone.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文

，主题语境是社会行为。研究表明与他人一起进餐我们会感到更快乐，因此作者向我们推荐被称作“意大利欢宴”的用餐模式。5．WhatdoesthestudyshowaccordingtoParagraph1?

A．Weshouldnoteatouttoooften.B．Eatingtogethermakespeoplehappier.C．Weshouldeattogetherwithpeoplewelike.D．

Eatingaloneislikelytocausementalillness.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Arecentstudyof8，250Britishadultsfoundthatpeoplewhoalwayseatalonescored7.9pointsl

owerinhappinessthanthosewhoeatregularlywithothers”和最后一段中的“...they‘simplydon'tknow’whypeoplewhoeattogetherarehappier”可知，研究表明与他人一起进餐会让人

更快乐。]6．Accordingtothetext,whatisrelativelyimportanttoameal?A．Foodyoueat.B．Eatingwithothers.C．Peopleyouarewith.D．Conversationsyouhave.B[细

节理解题。根据第二段中的“Remember，it'sthediningtogetherthat'simportant，notnecessarilythefoodyoueat”可知，作者认为对于用餐这件事情来说重要的是和他人一起吃饭这个行为，而不是食物或其他因素

。]7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheItalianconviviality?5A．Ithasaspecialtheme.B．Pizzaisthebestchoice.C．Itsaimistoshareinformation.D．Peopleeat

slowlyandtalkfreelyduringit.D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Oncedinnerisonthetable，eatslowlyandkeeptheconversationsflowing”可知，意大利欢宴

时刻，人们通常慢慢用餐，无拘无束地交谈。]8．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Connectionwithothersisgoodforourmentalhealth.B．Itisdifficulttodecid

eonpeople'slevelofhappiness.C．Itisclearwhyeatingtogethermakespeoplehappier.D．Choosingwhattoeatisnolongeraseasyasbefore.A[推理判断题。结合全文并根据最后一段中的“

I'mwillingtoguessithastodowithbeinginacommunityandmakingconnections”可推知，作者认为和他人一起进餐会使我们有归属感，而与他人的这种接触正是共同进餐会使我们更快乐的原因

，即，与他人的接触对我们的心理健康有好处。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeissomuchbetterwhenwearehappy.Itjustseemstobeeasiertogetthrough

thedaywhenyoufeelgood.1Ifyoutrytodothesethingsinyourdailylife,youwillbeahappierperson.Theyspendtimewithotherhappypeople.2Therearee

venstudiesconductedtoprovethatifyoustaywithhappypeople,youwillfeelhappier，too.Bysurroundingyourselfwithhappyandposit

ivepeople,youwillbehappier，too.3Happypeopleenjoyandappreciatelittlethingsinlife,likeabeautifulday,theflowersin

thepark,orevenacupoftea.Youwillfeelalotbetterwhenyouarehappywithallthelittlethingsaroundyou.Begratefulforwhatyouhave,evenifitisn'tmuch.Theyliste

n.4However,happypeoplealwayslistentoothers.Whenyoulisten,youcangettoreallyknowwhattheythink,andhowtheyfeel.Youcanalso6gainmoreknowledgeandenjoythei

rexperiences.Listeningisalsoakeytogoodrelationships.Theygive.Gooddeedscontributetoahappylife.Happypeop

lewillwanttohelpotherpeople.5A．Theyforgetabouttime.B．Theyaregratefulforlittlethings.C．Naturally,weallwanttotalkandbeheard.D

．Therearesomesimplehabitsthathappypeoplehave.E．Thepeopleyouhangoutwithhaveabiginfluenceonyourlife.F．Tobehappy,findyourselfahob

bywhichyoucangiveyourfullattentionto.G．Helpingothersbygivingwillmakeyouhappierandmoresatisfiedwithyourlife.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是生活。文章介绍了

快乐的人的一些习惯。1．D[根据空后内容如果你做这些事，你将会变得快乐可知，D项“快乐的人的一些简单的习惯”符合语境。]2．E[空前提到他们会和快乐的人待在一起，因为和你一起出去的人会对你的生活有影响，故选E项。]3．B[本段主要讲快乐的人会欣赏和感恩于生活中的小事情，B项

与本段内容吻合，总领该段。]4．C[根据空后的转折快乐的人总是倾听别人可知，C项“当然，我们都喜欢说和被倾听”符合逻辑。]5．G[空前提到快乐的人会想要帮助别人，因为帮助别人会让你更开心和对生活更满意，故选G项。]