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1课时分层作业(十)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示写出下列单词1．Asthesayinggoes“Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisbasisofman'sdesire(渴望)tounderstandit.”2．He

putdowntheelectionprocedure(程序)forastronautsontheblackboard.3．ItisknownthatYangLiweiisafamousastronaut(宇航员)inChina.4．Theyhadtodoalotofmentalandp

hysicaltrainingbeforebeingsentintospace.5．Hemustbeintelligentenoughtobeadmittedintothekeyuniversity.6．Nowthecountryh

assucceededinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth'sgravity．7．UnfortunatelyastronautsonAmerica'sChallengerdiedduringthelaunch(发射)．8．Hewasverydis

appointedatthenewsthathisparentscan'tseehimoffattheairport.9．HereadsEnglishwordseverymorningsincehehasbeendeterminedtolea

rnEnglishwell.10．Hehaslivedandlearnedindependently(独立地)atabroadsincehewas16yearsold.Ⅱ.阅读理解AWithtoday'spressures,playisoneofthemostignor

edprivileges(特权)ofachild,andforthisreason,thereisaspecialdaydevotedtoplay—WorldPlayDay.Itiscelebratedon28Mayeachyearinover40countriesaroundthewo

rld.Nationally,WorldPlayDayhasbeencelebratedatvariousToyLibraries，ECDCentersandGovernmentDepartmentsforthepastfiveyears.Eachyearhasseenane

wthemeandanewfocus,althoughtheaimisalwaysthesame—forchildrentoletgoofthestressesofdailylifeandplay.ThethemeoftheinauguralWorldPlayDayin2014was

“wecreatetimeto2play”.In2015itwas“playisfun”；2016focusedon“playforallages”；2017sawthetheme“sustainable(可持续的)play”taketothestage;atthethemeof2

018is“freeplay”．VanessaMentor,theEarlyChildhoodDevelopmentexpertatAfrikaTikkun,says,“Playisofthegreatestimportancef

orthedevelopingchild.Itisthroughplayatanearlyagethatchildrenlearntoconnectwiththeworldaroundthemandinteractwiththepeoplein

theirlives.Playallowsthemtoexploretheworld，developnewabilities,overcomefearsandincreasetheirconfidence.Itallo

wschildrentousetheirimaginationandcreativity.Physicalplayalsoleadstoactivelifestylesandhealthybodies.Thisyear's‘freepla

y’isheldinaperfecttimewhenchildrenfeelthemselvesmostfree.Playtimeistheirtime.”So,whetheryouhavechildren,playwiththem,bycon

sideringyourselfas“abigkid”.AnyonecancelebrateWorldPlayDayon28May.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是节日。目前，世界上有四十多个国家在五月二十八日这一天庆祝世界玩耍日。1．Whichofthefol

lowingisthereasonwhyWorldPlayDayiscreated?A．Thereislittleattentionpaidtoplay.B．Playisimportanttochildren'sdevelopme

nt.C．Childrenconnectwiththeworldthroughplay.D．Modernchildrenbadlyneedadayoftheirown.A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Withtoday'spressures，pl

ayisoneofthemostignoredprivileges(特权)ofachild，andforthisreason，thereisaspecialdaydevotedtoplay—WorldPlayDay.”可知，由于当今各种压

力，玩耍作为孩子的一项特权遭到了忽视，为此，世界玩耍日被创建。]2．WhatistheaimofWorldPlayDay?A．Toincreasechildren'sconfidence.B．Tohelpchildreneasetheirstressandplay.C．Toencourag

echildrentoleadanactivelifestyle.D．Toimprovechildren'simaginationandcreativity.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Eachyearhasseenanewthemeanda3newfocus

，althoughtheaimisalwaysthesame—forchildrentoletgoofthestressesofdailylifeandplay.”可知，世界玩耍日的目的是让孩子释放压力去玩耍。]3．Whichoft

hefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“inaugural”inParagraph3?A．Previous.B．Following.C．Special.D．First.D[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“WorldPlayDayhas

beencelebrated...forthepastfiveyears”和本段描述可知，2014年举办了首届世界玩耍日。]4．WhydoestheauthorquoteVanessaMentor?A．

Tointroducethethemeofthe2018WorldPlayDay.B．ToencourageustocelebrateWorldPlayDay.C．Tostresstheimportanceofplaytochildren.D．Toa

dvisechildrentoplayfreely.C[推理判断题。根据VanessaMentor所说的“Playisofthegreatestimportanceforthedevelopingchild...”可知，玩耍对于孩子的成长具有重要的作用，作者通过引

用她的话旨在强调玩耍对于孩子的重要性。]BI'vealwaysbelievedthatsharingamealtogetherisimportant,whetherit'swithfamilyorfriends.Itcreatescommunity,andcommunitygives

youasenseofbelonging.Now,Icanaddanotherreasontomylist:eatingtogetherisgoodforyourwell-being.Arecentstudyof8，250Britishadul

tsfoundthatpeoplewhoalwayseatalonescored7.9pointslowerinhappinessthanthosewhoeatregularlywithothers.Theonlyotherthingmorelikelytomakeyouunhappy

thaneatingaloneismental(心理的)illness.Morehappinessisagoodmotivatorforyoutoeattogetherwithyourfamilyorfriends.Remember,it'sthe

diningtogetherthat'simportant,notnecessarilythefoodyoueat.Youcanconnectwithpeopleoverpizzaaseasilyasyoucanoverroastbeef.I'dencourag

eyoutomakethatconnectionlastaslongaspossible,too.Takeyourtime.PracticewhattheItalianscallconviviality(欢宴)．FortheItalians,convivialityinv

olvesfriendliness,conversationandsharingfoodanddrinkwhilefocusingonthepeopleyou'rewith.Everyonesitsatat

able.Mealscan4takehoursandcomeoutinvariouscourses.Electronicdevices(设备)arerarelypulledout.Themeal,alongwiththe

companyitcreates,istheentertainmentfortheevening.Oncedinnerisonthetable,eatslowlyandkeeptheconversationsflowing.OneoftheauthorsoftheBritishs

tudy,PsychologyProfessorRobinDunbarofOxfordUniversity,saidthey“simplydon'tknow”whypeoplewhoeattogetherarehappier.Maybeth

eyhaven'tscientificallybeenabletoreachaconclusion,butI'mwillingtoguessithastodowithbeinginacommunity

andmakingconnections.Eitherway,it'sagoodexcusetotrythisapproachthenexttimeyoufindyourselfeatingalone.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是社会行为。研究表

明与他人一起进餐我们会感到更快乐，因此作者向我们推荐被称作“意大利欢宴”的用餐模式。5．WhatdoesthestudyshowaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Weshouldnoteatouttoooften.B．Eatingtogether

makespeoplehappier.C．Weshouldeattogetherwithpeoplewelike.D．Eatingaloneislikelytocausementalillness.B[细节理

解题。根据第一段中的“Arecentstudyof8，250Britishadultsfoundthatpeoplewhoalwayseatalonescored7.9pointslowerinhappinessthanthos

ewhoeatregularlywithothers”和最后一段中的“...they‘simplydon'tknow’whypeoplewhoeattogetherarehappier”可知，研究表明与他人一起进餐会让人更

快乐。]6．Accordingtothetext,whatisrelativelyimportanttoameal?A．Foodyoueat.B．Eatingwithothers.C．Peopleyouarewith.D．Conversa

tionsyouhave.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Remember，it'sthediningtogetherthat'simportant，notnecessarilythefoodyoueat”可知，作者认为对于用餐这件事情来说重要的是和他人一起吃饭这个行为，而不是食物或其他因素

。]7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheItalianconviviality?5A．Ithasaspecialtheme.B．Pizzaisthebestchoice.C．Itsai

mistoshareinformation.D．Peopleeatslowlyandtalkfreelyduringit.D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Oncedinnerisonthetable，eatslowlyandkeeptheconversationsfl

owing”可知，意大利欢宴时刻，人们通常慢慢用餐，无拘无束地交谈。]8．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Connectionwithothersisgoodforourmentalheal

th.B．Itisdifficulttodecideonpeople'slevelofhappiness.C．Itisclearwhyeatingtogethermakespeoplehappier.D．Choosingwhattoeatisnolongeraseasyasbefor

e.A[推理判断题。结合全文并根据最后一段中的“I'mwillingtoguessithastodowithbeinginacommunityandmakingconnections”可推知，作者认为和他人一起进餐会使我们有归属感，而与他人的这种接触正

是共同进餐会使我们更快乐的原因，即，与他人的接触对我们的心理健康有好处。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeissomuchbetterwhenwearehappy.Itjustseemstobeeas

iertogetthroughthedaywhenyoufeelgood.1Ifyoutrytodothesethingsinyourdailylife,youwillbeahappierperson.Theysp

endtimewithotherhappypeople.2Thereareevenstudiesconductedtoprovethatifyoustaywithhappypeople,youwillfeelhappier，too.Bysurroundingy

ourselfwithhappyandpositivepeople,youwillbehappier，too.3Happypeopleenjoyandappreciatelittlethingsinlife,likeabeautifulday,theflowersinth

epark,orevenacupoftea.Youwillfeelalotbetterwhenyouarehappywithallthelittlethingsaroundyou.Begratefulforwhatyouhave,evenifitisn'tmuch

.Theylisten.4However,happypeoplealwayslistentoothers.Whenyoulisten,youcangettoreallyknowwhattheythink,andhowtheyfeel.Youcanalso6gain

moreknowledgeandenjoytheirexperiences.Listeningisalsoakeytogoodrelationships.Theygive.Gooddeedscontributetoahappylife.Happypeoplewillwanttohelpo

therpeople.5A．Theyforgetabouttime.B．Theyaregratefulforlittlethings.C．Naturally,weallwanttotalkandbeheard.D．Thereares

omesimplehabitsthathappypeoplehave.E．Thepeopleyouhangoutwithhaveabiginfluenceonyourlife.F．Tobehappy,f

indyourselfahobbywhichyoucangiveyourfullattentionto.G．Helpingothersbygivingwillmakeyouhappierandmoresatisfiedwithyourlife.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语

境是生活。文章介绍了快乐的人的一些习惯。1．D[根据空后内容如果你做这些事，你将会变得快乐可知，D项“快乐的人的一些简单的习惯”符合语境。]2．E[空前提到他们会和快乐的人待在一起，因为和你一起出去的

人会对你的生活有影响，故选E项。]3．B[本段主要讲快乐的人会欣赏和感恩于生活中的小事情，B项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。]4．C[根据空后的转折快乐的人总是倾听别人可知，C项“当然，我们都喜欢说和被倾听”符合逻辑。]5．G[空前提到快乐的人会

想要帮助别人，因为帮助别人会让你更开心和对生活更满意，故选G项。]