【文档说明】19-20 Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——限制性定语从句-人教版(2019)高中英语必修二全册.doc,共(6)页,92.500 KB,由小喜鸽上传
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1SectionⅢGrammar——限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Therewasnotmuch(that)wecoulddowhenitwasraining.2.Thatisallthatworks.3.Whoisthegirlt
hathegavetheflowerto?4.TheladyIwrotethepoemforwasmysister.5.Thisisthegreatwritertowhomourteacherwasreferring.6.Hereceivedtheemai
l(that)hewaslookingforwardto.1.例句1先行词much和例句2先行词all后用that,不用which,作定语从句的宾语时可以省略。2.例句3、4中关系代词作动词的间接宾语时,用to或for,无关系代词时,也要用to或for。3.例句5中介词置
于从句之首,关系代词whom之前。4.例句6中定语从句的谓语动词如果是以介词结尾的短语动词,则不可把介词移至从句之首。限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,书写时不可用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说
明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清晰完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切,书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。Doyouknowthegirlwhojustcamein?你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗?(若把从句去掉,则不明白是哪个女孩)Th
eoldwoman,wholivesonherown,hasacatforcompany.这个老妇人一个人住,养了一只猫陪伴她。(若把从句去掉,仍然知道是哪个老妇人)[即时训练1]单句语法填空①Myhouse,whichIboug
htlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.2②Theboythat/whobrokethewindowiscalledTom.一、只用that不用which的情况1.先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,everything,anyt
hing,nothing,none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗?2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或theonly,thevery(恰恰,正好),thel
ast,all,no,few,little,any等修饰时。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在
唯一能做的事情。3.先行词既有人又有物时。Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。4.当先行词在
主句中作表语,而关系代词也作表语时。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.上海不再是过去的那座城市了。5.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?站
在门口的那个人是谁?[即时训练2]单句语法填空①Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcelsthatfilledhisbus.②HereisthebookaboutwhichItoldyouyesterday.③Thisisthebestwayt
hatistobeusedagainstpollution.二、只用which不用that的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantothe
others,which,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多,这当然使其他的儿子很嫉妒她3的小儿子。2.关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词之前。ThisisthehouseinwhichL
uXunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。3.引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected,whichwasratherdisappointi
ng.结果与当初预料的不一样,这令人很失望。[即时训练3]单句语法填空①Tomcameback,whichmadeusveryhappy.②ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.三、宜用who不宜用t
hat的情况1.当先行词是指人的不定代词时,如:one,ones,anyone。Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.谁那样做都一定是疯了。2.当先行词是I,you,he,they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。Hewhod
oesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。3.当先行词为指人的those时。Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。4.在therebe结构中,先行词是指人的名
词时。Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.有一个年轻人想见你。[即时训练4]单句语法填空①Doyouknowtheoneswhomovedhererecently?②Theywholivelongestwillsee
most.③Thosewhowereonceforhimhaveturnedagainsthim.四、关系代词作介词的宾语关系代词作介词的宾语时,为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑,可以4将从句中的介
词提到关系代词前,形成“介词+关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which,whom或whose。介词的选用(1)根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词,它与介
词之间有一定的联系。Doyoustillrememberthedaysduringwhichweworkedtogether?你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗?(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。该动词或形容词常与某
些介词构成固定搭配。Thesocialproblemaboutwhichthetwosidesaredebatingwitheachotherisaveryseriousone.(debatewithsb.about...就„„与某人展开辩论)
双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是很严重的一个问题。[名师点津]关系代词作间接宾语时,用to或for。ThegirlthatTomgavethedictionarytoisverypretty.汤姆给她字典的那个姑娘很可爱。Iknowtheb
oywhomyouboughtawhitehatfor.我认识你给他买白帽子那个男孩。(3)根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子,先行词完全一样,定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时,需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。Waterisofgreatimporta
nce,withoutwhichpeoplecannotlive.水是很重要的,没有它人们就无法生存。Thisisthebookaboutwhichyouhavetalkedtome.这是你曾经给我谈起的那本书。Thisisthebookonthecoverofwhichthereisamap
ofChina.这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。[名师点津]有些以介词结尾的短语动词,如lookfor,lookafter,sendfor,callon,come5across,longfor等,不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。Thedoctorthatyousentforhasnotcomey
et.你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。[即时训练5]单句语法填空①Hisbrother,withwhomIwenttothepark,tookalotofpicturesthere.②Englishis
oneofthemostinterestingsubjectsinwhichI'minterested.③Hebrokehisglasses,withoutwhichhecan'tseeanything.五、关
系代词的省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时,通常可以省略。Theman(whom/who)yousawjustnowisourmanager.你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。Isthereanything(th
at)Icandoforyou?有什么我能为你效劳的吗?[即时训练6]请用正确的关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词①Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverread.②Heoftenhelpsthestudents
whohethinksarenotquickattheirstudy.③Whowasthewoman(that)youweretalkingwith?单句语法填空1.ThisisthestudentforwhomIboughtabook.
2.ThisistheshipbywhichIwenttoShanghai.3.Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?4.Thisisthepilotwithwhommyfatherhasworkedforteny
ears.5.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?6.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.7.Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeople
andplacesthatimpressedhermost.8.Hehasawalkeverynight,whichdoesgoodtohim.69.Thefilmthat/whichyouarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeontomorrow.10.Wedo
n'tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesinthedisaster.