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1单元综合检测(二)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AWhenyou'reonthego，y

ourbestfriendandresourcecanbeyourphone.Intheageofsmartphones，appsarelikeguidingstars：Theycanpointyouintherightdirectionforahotel，listexpenses

，sendpostcards，andmuchmore.Whenusedtogether，theseappscanbethebasictraveltool，placingawealthofinformationatyourfinger

tipsnomatterwhereyouareontheplanet.U.S.NewsTravelhaspickedtheessentialtravelapps，knownfortheirutilityandreliability.Bestofall，theycostabsolute

lynothing.TripItYourPersonalTravelAgentBeyourowntravelagentandplaneverydetailofyourtrip—fromcarrentaltoaccommodatingrestaurants—withTripIt.

Youcanmaketravelschedulebyhand，orsimplyforwardtheemailconfirmationsofyourflight，rentalcar，traintickets，andhotelstoplans.WeatherFreeYo

urGo­ToMeteorologist(气象学者)Stoptryingtoexplaintheweatherforecastontheeveningnews(particularlywhenit'sinaforeignl

anguage)．TheWeatherFreeappinformsyou(inEnglish)oftheclimateinvariouslocations.Itfeaturesthelocalweather，andotherkeyfactors

thatwillinformyourdecisionaboutwhattowearbeforesteppingoutside.GobyYourEventGuruWhenyou'reinaforeigncity，yousometimeslookaroundandask

：Whereareallthepeople?Gobyhastheanswer.Thisapppinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums，hotels，eateries，andmore)inyourneighb

orhood.Butitstrue2valuecomesinfindingnearbyevents.You'lldiscoverconcerts，plays，andmorerightaroundthe

corner.【语篇解读】本文主要推荐了几款实用的旅游应用软件。1．WhatistheadvantageofusingtravelappspickedbytheU．S.NewsTravel?A．Theyc

ansolveanyproblemyoucomeacross.B．Theyreduceyourtravelbudget.C．Theyexerciseyourfingertips.D．Theyarereliableandfreeofcharge.D[细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，这些软件可靠性

强，而且免费。故D项正确。]2．Withthehelpofthetravelappsusedtogether，travelerscandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT．A．rentacarB．decidewhattowearC．lookforafriendw

hiletravelingD．findthenearbymuseumsC[细节理解题。根据TripIt部分中的“fromcarrentaltoaccommodatingrestaurants”可排除A项；根据Weat

herFree部分中的“informyourdecisionaboutwhattowear”可排除B项；根据Goby部分中的“Thisapppinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums...)”可排除D项。C项文中没有提及。故选C

项。]3．Wherearethereaderslikelytoreadthepassageabove?A．Inageographytextbook.B．Inascienceandtechnologymagazine.C．Onapopul

arwebsite.D．Inabusinessreport.C[文章出处题。本文主要向读者推荐了几款实用的旅游应用软件，因此这篇文章最有可能出现在一个受欢迎的网站上。故C项正确。]BAftertheheavyr

ainpasses，amanatacompanythatliesontheriverbankarrives3forwork.Atthewater'sedge，henoticesababybeaver(海狸)ballsupontheground.Realizingthattheanim

alneedshelp，themanpickshimupanddrivestoanearbyanimalhospital.FromherethebeaverissenttotheCalgaryWildlifeRehabilit

ationSociety(CWRS)，wherehewillbeginhisrecovery.Vetscheckthebeaver—nownamedBirch—forwoundsorbrokenbones.Luckilytheyfindnoinjuries.“Buthe'sareallittl

eanimal—onlythreeandahalfpounds，”saysAndreaHunt，aworkerattherehabcenter.Accordingtohisweight，theythi

nkthatBirchisabouteightweeksold.“Babybeaversstaywiththeirfamiliesforonetotwoyears，”Huntsays.“He'snotreadytocareforhimself.Ifhehadn'

tbeensaved，healmostcertainlywouldn'thavesurvived.”TokeepBirchfromgettinglonely，HuntpairshimwithanotherbabybeavernamedAspen.Atfirstthey'r

efedamilkycereal.Afewweekslater，BirchandAspenbeginadiet(饮食)ofsolidfoodthatincludesleafykaleandcollar

dgreens.Woodisalsoonthemenu.Forexercise，eachbeaverreceivesitsownpooltoswimin.Aboutayearlater，Birchweighs27pounds.“Notonlyishehealthy，bu

the'salsolearnedgoodsurvivalskills，”Huntsays.“It'stimetolethimgo.”EarlyonemorningthebeaverisdrivenintoaCanadianforesttobese

tfree.Birchiscarriedinacagetothebankofalake.Whenthedooropens，hecarefullystepsout，thenjumpsintothewaterandswimsaway.“We'llmissBirch，”Huntsa

ys.“Butnothingfeelsbetterthanputtingananimalbackwhereitshouldbe.”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被回归大自然的故事。4．Onhiswaytowork，

theman．A．getscaughtinheavyrainB．savesalittleyounganimalC．isdriventoahospitalD．sendsabeaverhome4B[细节理解题。由第一段中的“themanpickshimupanddri

vestoanearbyanimalhospital”和第二段中的“Ifhehadn'tbeensaved，healmostcertainlywouldn'thavesurvived.”可知，那位男子在上班途中救了小海狸

一命，故选B项。]5．AccordingtoParagraph2，Birch．A．movestotherehabcenterwithHuntB．loseshisparentswhenheisbornC．istooyoungtocareforhimselfD．breakshisb

onesinanaccidentC[细节理解题。根据该段中的“theythinkthatBirchisabouteightweeksold...He'snotreadytocareforhimself.”可知，Birch太小还不会照顾自己，故选

C项。]6．WhichofthefollowingmayAndreaHuntagreewith?A．Ifyoulovehim，staywithhimforever.B．Itisdangeroustogetclosetoanimals.C．Justkeepabeaverasyourpe

t.D．Saveanimals，savetheworld.D[推理判断题。根据AndreaHunt帮助小海狸康复并将其放回大自然的故事及她在最后一段所说的Butnothingfeels...shouldbe可知，AndreaHunt会同意D项说法。]7．Whatwouldbetheb

esttitleforthetext?A．Birch：aluckybeaverB．Aspen：aspecialfriendC．AndreaHunt：askilledworkerD．TheCWRS：hometoinjuredanimals

A[标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被放归大自然的故事，故用A项作为标题最恰当。]CTherewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansby

2050.ThatiswhatanewreportfromtheWorldEconomicForumandEllenMacArthurFoundationwarns.Ifthecurrenttrendcontinues，thereportsaid，oceanswillcon

tainonetonof5plasticforeverythreetonsoffishin2025.By2050，plasticswillweighmorethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatlea

st8milliontonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundtheworld.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofonegarbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.Notallplasticendsupi

ntheoceanbecausesomeonethrowsaplasticbottleintothewater.Plasticcontainersandothertrashthrownontostree

tsandsidewalksoftenaresweptintooceans.Unlikeothertypesoftrashintheocean，theplasticneverbio­degrades.Thereisawaytoslowtheamo

untofplasticsgoingintotheoceans—peoplecanrecyclemore.Currentlyonlyabout14percentofplasticsarerecycled.R

esearchinEuropeshowsasmuchas53percentofplasticscouldberecycledusingavailabletechnology.Thereportsaysthatanotherso

lutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatisnotlikelytohappen.“Givenplasticpackaging'smanybenefits，boththeposs

ibilityanddesirabilityofasharpreductioninthevolumeofplasticpackagingusedisclearlylow，”thereportsaid.Buttheauthorsnotereducingthe

useofplasticsshouldbetried“wherepossible”．Fordecades，scientistswarnedthatplasticsarekillingfish.Researchshowsthatf

isharedyingfromchokingaftereatingplastics.“Anothercauseofdeathisthatplasticscauseintestinalblockageandstarvation，”theenvironmentalgr

oupsaid.【语篇解读】到2050年全球海洋中的塑料数量将超过鱼的数量。本文主要介绍了塑料垃圾对人类和鱼类造成的危害以及研究人员提出的一些处理建议。8．Whyisthegarbagetruckmentionedi

nParagraph1?A．Toexplainhowplasticsendupintheocean.B．Towarnpeopleagainsttheoceanpollution.C．Toclarifytheseriousnessoftheproblem

.D．Topointoutsomedetailsofthereport.C[推理判断题。根据第一段尤其是第一段倒数第二句可知，海洋里每年的塑料废物多达八百万吨。所以作者用这种直观细化的方法来阐述海洋塑料垃圾问题的严重性。故C项正确。]9．Whyispla

sticmoreharmfulthanothertypesoftrash?6A．Becausethereistoomuchofit.B．Becauseitpoisonstheoceanwater.C．Becauseitisfromdiffere

ntsources.D．Becauseitneverbreaksdown.D[细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，塑料垃圾比其他垃圾危害更大是因为它们不可降解。故D项正确。]10．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothesuggestedsolutions?A．Pessimis

tic.B．Hopeful.C．Interested.D．Convinced.A[观点态度题。根据第二段中最后五句可知，塑料的循环使用比例较低，而减少商品的塑料包装也不太可能，由此可知作者对所提的建议持悲观态度。故A

项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Seenfromspace，theearthisapalebluedot.11Butmostofthatwater—arou

nd97%—issalty.Ofthe3%thatisfreshwaterwhichismanneedstodrink，wash，makethingsandproducefood.Inshort，usefulwateristoolittle，whiletheuselessk

indistoomuch.Sowhyistheseasalty?Thesaltintheoceanmostlygotthereastheresultofaprocesscalledweathering(侵蚀)，whichtakesmine

ralsaltsfromrocksonlandintothesea.12Itcontainssmallamountsofcarbondioxideabsorbedfromtheair.Thismakesrain

waterveryslightlyacidic(酸性的)．Whenrainwaterfallsonland，somemineralsmeltfromrocksintothewater，separatingintochargedparticlescalledions(离子)．These

ionsthentravelalongwiththewaterintostreams，riversandeventuallyintotheocean.Manyofthesemineralionsareremovedfromtheseawaterbyseaplantsand7a

nimals，butothersremaininthewater.Over90%oftheionsinseawater，accountingforabout3%oftheoceanbyweight，a

resodiumandchlorineions.13Therefore，theseawaterissalty.14Itmakessomewetpartsoftheworldwetteranddrypartsdrier.Sode

mandforfreshwaterwillincreaseinthecomingyears.Halftheworld'spopulationisexpectedtoliveinwater-stressedareasby2050.B

etterwater-managementpoliciesandmorewater-efficientagriculturalpracticesareneeded.Improvementstodesalination(脱盐)technologywouldhelptoo.15“Ifw

ecouldgetfreshwaterfromsaltwaterinacheaperway，”saidPresidentJohnF．Kennedyin1961，“thatwouldbeinthelonginterestofman.”A．Rainisnotpurew

ater.B．Climatechangecauses“globaldrying”．C．Two­thirdsofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.D．Theyarethechemicalpartsofcommonsalt.E．Itcarrieswater

awaywhileleavingmineralsbehind.F．Thiswouldallowmankindtousesaltywatermoreconveniently.G．However，thesaltintheoceansbecomesmo

reandmoreconcentrated.【语篇解读】本文主要解释了海水咸的原因。11．C[根据前面的theearthisapalebluedot和后面的Butmostofthatwater—around97%—issalty可知，C项“地球上三分之二的表面都被水

所覆盖”符合语境。]12．A[根据后面的carbondioxideabsorbedfromtheair和rainwater可知，雨水不是纯净水，而是携带了少量从空气中吸收的二氧化碳；这使得雨水有非常轻微的酸性。]【易错分析】有些同学可能会误选E。

其依据是前面的takesmineralsalts，但E项的意思是“它把水带走的同时留下矿物质”，很显然与下文语境不相符。13．D[根据前面的sodiumandchlorineions和后面的Therefore，theseawater

issalty可知，其九成为钠离子和氯离子，此乃食盐的化学成分，故海水是咸的。]14．B[根据后面的wetpartsoftheworldwetteranddrypartsdrier可知，气8候变化带来的“全球干旱”，使得湿润

的地方更湿润，干燥的地方更干燥，淡水短缺现象会进一步恶化。]15．F[根据前面的Improvementstodesalination(脱盐)technologywouldhelptoo和后面的getfres

hwaterfromsaltwater可知，对海水淡化技术进行改进也十分有必要，这会让人类能更方便地利用海水。]Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asailor(船员)inon

eofChristopherColumbus'sthreeshipsiseagerly(渴望地)lookingforland.Inthesailor'seagernessto16land，hemakeshis17．Hethinksthata

cloudonthehorizon(地平线)island.Thesailor，withgreatexcitement，callsout，“18！”Greatlyexcited，therestoftheship'ssailorsruntothesidequickly.They，too，19ea

gerlyoutatthehorizon.Theyare20atthethoughtofland.Theyhave21nothingbutaverylargeareaofwaterforweeks.Astheshipmovesforward，thesailor'smistak

eismade22．The“land”isnothingbutacloud.Whatdotheotherssaytothesailorwhomadethe23call？Whatdotheysaywhenitturnsoutthatth

e“land”wasonlyamovingcloud？Thesailorsmakea24．Theysay，“Youjustsawthedirtunderthecooking25！”Theresponse

(答复)maynotseem26atalltoday，butitwasahumorousresponsetothelivingconditionson27longago.WhenColumbus28from

SpaininAugust1492acrosstheAtlanticOcean，hetraveledinthreesmall，woodenships.Thelivingconditionswere29．Mostofthesailorssleptfull

y-clothedunderthestarsontheharddecks(甲板)．Therewerenobathrooms，30therewasnota31．Foodhadtobe32ontheopendeckat

riskof33thewoodenship.Topreventtheshipfromcatchingfire，thecookwouldalwaysspread34undertheplacewherethecookingwasdone.Theotherswouldjokewithasailor

whohadwrongly35hehaddiscovered9land.Andtheyusuallytoldhimthatwhathehadreallyseenwasthedirtspreadoutbythecookforpreventingfires!

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是一个笑话的来源：一名船员将天边的云误以为是陆地。16．A.discussB．coverC．describeD．findD[根据上文的“lookingforland”可知，那名船员渴望找到陆地。]17．A.tripB．mistakeC．pr

omiseD．decisionB[根据下文的“The‘land’isnothingbutacloud”可知，船员将天边的云误以为是陆地。下文的thesailor'smistake有所提示。]18．A.CloudB．SeaC．LandD．S

andC[根据上文的“Hethinksthatacloudonthehorizon(地平线)island.”可知，船员大呼“陆地”。]19．A.pickB．runC．lookD．shoutC[其他船员也都纷纷跑到船边，向远处的天边望去。]20

．A.happyB．proudC．calmD．patientA[根据上文的Greatlyexcited和下一句可知，船上的船员一想到陆地都很兴奋、高兴。]21．A.enjoyedB．builtC．seenD．usedC[几个星期以来，船员除了大片的水域外没见过其他东西。]22．A.k

nownB．understoodC．attractiveD．popularA[根据下文其他船员发现所谓的陆地其实是漂浮的云并开那名船员的玩笑可知，大家知道了那名误把云朵当作陆地的船员的错误。]23．A.longB．w

rong10C．badD．hardB[参见上题解析。]24．A.choiceB．jokeC．studyD．fightB[根据下文的Theotherswouldjokewithasailor可知，其他船员和那名船员开了一个玩笑。]25．A.bookB．oilC．roomD．fire

D[根据下文的Topreventtheshipfromcatchingfire...undertheplacewherethecookingwasdone.可知，这句玩笑是：你只是看见了炊火下面的土。]26．A.strangeB．clearC．friendlyD．funnyD[but后面

的itwasahumorousresponse与空处所在句构成对比，由此可知，这个笑话可能现在听上去不好笑。]27．A.shipsB．planesC．islandsD．farmsA[根据文中的ships和sailors可知，故事发生在船上。]28．A.swamB．sailedC．

fellD．disappearedB[根据下文的hetraveledinthreesmall，woodenships可知，哥伦布是从西班牙经大西洋航行。]29．A.commonB．dangerousC．difficultD．comf

ortableC[根据下文描写船员在甲板上和衣而睡以及缺乏一定的必要设施可知，船上的生活条件很艰苦。]30．A.butB．andC．asD．soB[Therewereno与therewasnot之间为并列关系。]31．A.radioB

．bedC．fridgeD．kitchen11D[根据下文描写在甲板上做饭可知，船上没有厨房。]32．A.cookedB．frozenC．eatenD．providedA[根据下文的Topreventtheshipfromca

tchingfire可知，船员冒着烧了木船的危险在甲板上生火做饭。]33．A.hittingB．stoppingC．burningD．movingC[参见上题解析。]34．A.dirtB．waterC．foodD

．clothesA[根据文章最后一句的thedirtspreadoutbythecookforpreventingfires可知，厨师在灶火下铺土以防木船被烧毁。]35．A.writtenB．believedC．remembe

redD．heardB[那名船员误以为自己发现了陆地。]Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thesurprisepartyisverypopular

inAmerica.MostpeopleinAmericathink36.isveryexcitingtohavesurprisepartiesfortheirgoodfriendsorfamilymembers.Itisquiteea

sy37.(plan)asurprisepartywhenone'sbirthdayiscoming.Doyouwanttoknow38.asurprisepartyislike?Lookatthefollowingexample.It'snight.Bob'swifeasks

himtogodownstairstothekitchenandbringher39.glassofmilk.Bobwalkstothekitchenandpushesthedooropen.There'snosound40.lightthe

re.Suddenlyhehearsastrangesoundandthenseesabear41.(stand)infrontofhim!Bobisveryscaredandfallsbackwards.Thebeartakeso

ffhiscostume.It'sBob'sfriendCharles!There42.(be)alsoseveralpeoplebehindCharles，includinghiswife.AllofthemsaytoBob，“Sur

prise!Whoo！”Bobis43.(puzzle)，andhedoesnotknowwhatitisuntilhisfriendssay“happybirthday”tohim.Infact，thesur

prisepartyhasmanykindsof44.(form)．Asuccessfulsurprisepartyalwaysmakespeoplefeelsurprisedandexcited.Everyone

enjoys45.12(they)attheparty.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在美国非常流行的“惊喜派对”。36．it[此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。]37．toplan[固定句型Itisea

sytodosth.做某事是容易的。]38．what[在宾语从句中作like的宾语，表示“什么样子”，故用what。]39．a[泛指“一杯牛奶”，用不定冠词a。]40．or[所用词连接两个并列成分，在否定句中用or。

]41．standing[固定表达see...doingsth.看见„„正在做某事。]42．are[此处应与全文时态一致，用一般现在时；谓语动词的数与主语severalpeople一致，故要用are。]43．puzzled[作表语，说明人的感受，故要用puzzled。]44．forms[此处

form是可数名词，前有manykindsof修饰，故要用复数形式。]45．themselves[固定表达enjoyoneself玩得痛快。]Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)众所周知，许多野生动物面临灭绝。请写一篇有关保护野生动物的文章。主要内容：1．野生动物濒

临灭绝的原因；2．拯救措施。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．书写工整。【参考范文】Manywildanimalsareindangerofdyingout，becausetheenvironmenttheyareli

vinginhaschangedgreatly.Forexample，withthedevelopmentofcities，theserious13pollutionaffectstheirlivingareas，w

hichhavebecomenarrowerandnarrower.Manyofthewildanimalsarefacingfoodcrisisnow.Atthesametime，maniskillingoffspeciesju

stfortheirfur，skin，horns，teethandmeat.Toprotectwildanimals，first，peopleshouldraisetheprotectionawareness.Second，measuresofthefollowi

ngshouldbetaken：pollutionstandardsaremadetokeepdownpoisonsintheair;killingwildanimalsisprohibited;nationalparksshouldbes

etupaswildlifereserves.Onlywhenwetakesomemeasurescanwildanimalsbepreserved.Ⅵ.概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Asurveyofmorethan2，000peopleliving

intheUKhasfoundthatthosewithahigherIQaremorelikelytolivealongerlife.ResearchersanalyseddatafromtheScottishMentalSurveys—inwhichalmostevery11-yea

r-oldinScotlandwasgiventhesameIQtestonthesamedayin1932—andtrackedtheparticipants'livesuptowhentheypassedaway

.Evenwhenfactorssuchaseconomicstatusandemploymentlevelwereaccountedfor，thesmarterkidsendeduplivinglongerthan

thosewithlowerIQs.TheseresultscorrelatetoseveralpreviousstudiesthathavefoundalinkbetweenIQandmortality(死亡率)whenotherfactorswerefilteredout.

Wedon'tyetunderstandwhythisisthecase，buttherearesomeinterestinghypotheses(假设)：oneisthatintelligentpeoplearemor

elikelytostrapthemselvesinwhiledriving，choosetoeatahealthydiet，avoidsmoking，andexercisemoreoften.Whalleyand

DearyfoundthatthosewithahigherIQweremorelikelytoquitsmokingafteritsnegativehealtheffectswerepublishedinthe

1950s.Inotherwords，smartpeoplemightjustbebetteratavoidingthingsthataregoingtokillthem.AnotherhypothesisisthatahighIQisasignifie

rofasturdy(强壮的)constitutionandabodythat'sgoingtolast—it'sessentiallyasignifierratherthanacause，somescientistsbelieve.Onestudypub

lishedin2005foundthatbetterreactiontimesspecificallyhelpedpeoplelivelonger—soahighIQispossiblyanindicationofane

fficientnervoussystem，ratherthanbeingitselfacauseoflongerlife，theresearchersproposed.It'sacomplicatedareaofscience，part

icularlyasanIQscoredoesn'tnecessarily14directlyrepresentintelligence，andcanbeaffectedbysocialclass，educationstandards，andothercultur

alfactors.Nevertheless，thelinkisthere—andresearchersarestilltryingtofindoutwhy.【参考范文】Accordingtoanewresearch，humanbeings'mortalityrateisrelatedto

IQ.Thehigherone'sIQis，themorelikelyheistolivelonger.(要点1)Somepeoplesupposethereasonwhyitarisesisthatintelligentpeoplecancontrolthemse

lvesbetterinfaceofhealthcrises，(要点2)whileothersthinkthatahigherIQisasymbolofhavingastrongandhealthybody.(要点3)Anyhow，theconnectio

nisguaranteedandscientistsistryingtodiscoverthecauses.(要点4)