【文档说明】高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册 名词语法知识点总结.docx,共(5)页,20.774 KB,由小喜鸽上传
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名词名词单复数1.一般情况下直接+s2.以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单数名词后+es3.以辅音+y,把y改i加es以元音+y,加s4.以f/fe结尾①把f/fe改为v+es如:half,life,leaf,loaf一块面包,knife,shel
f架子,wife②直接+s如:belief信任,grief悲伤,cliff悬),gulf海湾,roof,proof证明5.特殊情况①-ch词尾发/k/音,+SMonarch君主stomach②以元音加o或oo结尾的词,加sBamboo/solo/piano/portfolio公文包/memento
遗物/concerto协奏曲/quarto(4A)/kilo/largo协奏曲③辅音+o结尾的词,加esCargo货物/echo回声/embargo禁令/hero/tomato/potato/veto否决权④加es或s都行Zero/volcano火山/mango/archipelago群
岛/banjo班卓琴/grotto洞穴/halo6.不规则变内部元音:man-menwoman-womenchild-childrengoose-geesetooth-teethmouse-micegentleman-gentlemen单复数同型:sheepdeersapcecr
aft太空船aircraft飞行器ChineseJapaneseSwiss瑞士人means方法crossroads十字路口headheadquarters总部series连续species种类works工厂外来名词的复数
形式criterion-criteria标准phenomenon-phenomena现象analysis-analyses分析basis-bases基础crisis-crises危机thesis-theses论文bacterium-bacteria细菌mediu
m-madia媒体7.复合名词的复数形式①不可数名词结尾,无复数形式Homeworknewspaper②Man或woman为前缀的,一起变Womandoctor-womendoctorsmanwaiter-menwaiters③以两个名词组
合成的,后面名词变复数④以名词+介词(短语),前面名词变复数Father-in-law→fathers-in-law⑤动词/过去分词+副词,加sGrown-upstand-by所有格表示„的‟的意思,分为‟s和of两种所有格形式。1.‟s构成(从前往
后翻)(1)单数名词/复数名词非s结尾,后面加s(2)复数名词词尾-s,加‟Theboss„splan老板的计划(3)用and连接的并列名词的所有格分两种情况①表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列名词后加‟s②表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加
‟sTom‟sandJim‟srooms(各自)的房间TomandJim‟sroom(共同)的房间2.用法时间后Thismonth‟sschedule这个月的日程10days‟holiday十天的假期国家或城市后China‟spo
licy中国的政策Thetown‟spopulation这个镇的人口组织机构后度量衡后天体后3.of所有格(从后往前翻)①修饰前面的名词②表两个名词间的所属关系4.双重所有格①Of+名词‟s所有格②Of+名词性物主代词主谓一致1.集合名词
做主语①表整体概念,谓语动词用单数②表个体概念,谓语动词用复数Eg:(1)Thewholefamilyisactive.(2)thefamilyhavemettheirvariousobligations.
2.单复数同形名词做主语:根据句义,判断谓语动词的单复数Weneedtofindsomeothermeansoftransportation.3.国名、组织机构、书名、报刊名等复数形式的专用名词作为整体对待,谓语用单数。TheUnited
NationshaspassedaresolutiontoliftsanctionsagainstIraq.5.由and或both..and..连接两个单数名词作主语时,指代复数概念,谓语动词用复数Sheandherfriendsareatthefair.※and连接的两个词指同一
个人、同一事物或同一概念,且两个名词共用一个冠词,谓语动词必须用单数Theteacherandwriterisherfriend.※and连接单数主语前如果有every.each.no.manya修饰时,谓语动词用单数Nosmokingordrinkingisallo
wed.Everymanandwomanisrequiredtocheckin.6.时间、距离、金钱、价格等常作为整体看待时,谓语动词用单数①Fivedollarsisalotofmoney.②Fifteenmi
lesisnotalongway.7.就近原则(1)There/herebe句型①Therearemanypossiblecandidates.②Herearesomestones.(2)or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…but(also)…连接并列成
分作主语①Hisfriendsortheboyrunseveryday.②Neithergraynorwhiteismyfavouritecolor③EitherGrandpaormysistersaregoingtothepark.8.就远原则(1
)Aswellas;together/along/combinedwith;ratherthan;except;besides;including;inadditionto;apartfrom①Thepolitician,alongwiththenewsmen,isonthemeetin
g.②Exitement,aswellasnervousness,isthecauseofhershaking.(2)someof,plentyof,alotof,lotsof,mostof,therestof,allofHalfof,partof,分数、百分数+
of+名词短语作主语,谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。①Allofthechickenisgone。②Mostofthecookieswereeaten。9.四则运算中,谓语动词多用单数10.„anumberof+可数名词复数‟谓语动词用
复数许多大量„thenumberof+可数名词‟谓语动词用单数。。。的数量11.“each,one,noone,some(any,no,every)+body(one或thing)”作主语或作限定词,谓语动词用单数①Eachgetsatrophyforplaying.③S
omebodywillpayforthis.12.“oneandahalf+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。①Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.13.“a/an+单数名词+ortwo”
作主语,谓语动词用单数“oneortwo+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数。①Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.②Oneortwosuggestionswererecommended.14.manya…或morethanone+名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
。①Manyamanthinkslifeismeaninglesswithoutpurpose.②Morethanonestudenthastriedthis.15.“oneof+复数名词”结构中,谓语动词用单数。16.few,many,several,all,some
后加名词作主语,谓语动词用复数