【文档说明】英语第一册《Unit 4 Natural Disasters》学案（无答案）-人教版（2019）.docx，共(18)页，492.126 KB，由小喜鸽上传

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1/18Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod3DiscoveringUsefulStructures【学习目标】1.Tomasterthebasicusagesoftherestrict

iverelativeclauses.2.Tolearntousetherestrictiverelativeclausesmentionedflexibly.【重点难点】1.Toappreciatethefunctionoftherestrictiverel

ativeclauses.2.Towriteessaysusingthepropertherestrictiverelativeclauses.【学习过程】【自主探究】Step1:语法自主探究定语从句（一）——关系代词的用法在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫_____________。定语

从句通常由______或关系副词引导，说明事物的具体信息，从句位于被修饰词_________。被定语从句修饰的词叫__________，引导定语从句的词叫_____________，关系词指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当成分。关系词有两种：关系代词____________________

_________和关系副词when,where,why。根据定语从句与先行词的关系，可将定语从句分为______________和非限制性定语从句。一般说来，限制性定语从句是整个句子_____________的部分，如果省略会影响全句的主要意思，这种定语从句前面

不用_____________隔开；而非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句用逗号隔开，将从句去掉后句子的意思仍然完整，译成汉语时，从句常单独译成一句话，除了that和why不能引导非限制性定语

从句，其他关系词的用法和限制性定语从句关系词的用法相同。关系代词的用法一、判断定语从句的关系代词的方法：如果名词或代词后有一个句子，并且该名词或代词在句子中充当成分，则该2/18句子就是定语从句。主要按照以下三步来判断：1．找准__________（定语从

句前的名词或代词）。2．把先行词还原到定语从句中，看充当______________。3．根据先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分以及句意来选用适当的_________。如果先行词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语，表语，则用____________，关系代词主要有who,whom,whose,that,

which,as。二、关系代词的基本用法指代关系代词例句1.人Who、whom、thatTheman_____________isspeakingatthemeetingisafamousscientist.（作isspeaking的主语）在会上讲话的

人是一位著名的科学家。He_________doesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.（作doesnotreach的主语）不到长城非好汉。Thisisthefamousscientist(__

___________)wevisitedlastweek.（作visited的宾语）这就是我们上周拜访的那位著名科学家。2.物That、whichHefinallyworkedouttheproblem___________

___puzzledhimforalongtime.（作puzzled的主语）他最后解出了这个令他困惑很久的问题。Thefish(______________)weboughtyesterdaywerenotfresh.（作bought的宾语）我们昨天买的鱼不新鲜。3.人的；物的wh

oseTheyrushedovertohelptheman____________carbrokedown.（whosecar=theman’scar，作定语，修饰car）他们跑过去帮助那个汽车抛锚的人。Thereisamountain_________

_____topisalwayscoveredwithsnow.(whosetop=themountain’stop，作定语，修饰top)有一座山顶常年被雪覆盖的山。3/184.句子（在非限制性定语从句中）Which、asTheweatherturnedoutverygo

od,____________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.（which指代“天气最后晴朗起来”，作was的主语）天气最后晴朗起来，这是我们没有料到的。______________every

oneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.（As指代“中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家”，作knows的宾语）每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。三、关系代词易

错点：1.关系代词的省略关系代词在定语从句中作_________时，不可省略；做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?(作w

ants的主语不可省略)他就是那个想见你的人吗？Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(___________)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略）杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。H

angzhou,_____________Ivisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。2.从句中代词的重复多余定语从句中的引导词指代先行词，并在从句中作成分，从句中不能再出现指

代该先行词的代词。判断正误ThebookthatIreadityesterdayisveryinteresting.（）ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.（）ThisisthewomanwhoImetherlasttim

e.（）ThisisthewomanwhoImetlasttime.（）3.关系代词和代词的误用定语从句的引导词要用关系判断正误Thisistheboyhetoldmeastoryyesterday.（）4/18代词，而不能用一般代词。Thisi

stheboywhotoldmeastoryyesterday.（）Thisistheboyhisfatherisourheadmaster.（）Thisistheboywhosefatherisourheadmaster.（）4.what不引导定语从句定语从句中有关系代词t

hat和which，而没有what，what可以引导名词性从句。Allthatweneedisasupplyofoil.(that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all)Whatweneedisasupplyofoil.(

what引导主语从句)我们需要的是石油供应。5.that不引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开）在非限制性定语从句，不能用关系代词that。如果指代“人”，用关系代词who/whom，指代“物”，用关系代词which。Thebasketballstar,____

_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedlotsofattention.这位打算复出的篮球明星引起了很多关注。Beijing,____________isthecapitalofCh

ina,isabeautifulcity.中国的首都北京是座美丽的城市。Hehasbecomeadoctor,_________hewantedtobe.他成为了一名医生，这是他以前一直梦想的。6.介词+which/whom先行词在从句中作介词宾语

，若介词提前，指代物时，只能用which，不用that；指代人时，只能用whom，而不用who。介词不提前时，用that/which,who/whom都Ihavethebookabout_________

___youaretalking.=Ihavethebook(that/which)youaretalkingabout.我有你现在谈论的那本书。Themanwith_____________Italkedjustnowisfr

omBeijingUniversity.=Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedwithjustnowisfromBeijingUniversity.刚才和我谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。5/18可以。7.whose+n.=the+n+ofwhi

ch=ofwhich+the+n.whose+n.可与the+n+ofwhich互换，而且ofwhich也可置于名词之前，名词之前必须有定冠词the。Iliveintheroom_________windowfacessouth.(whosewindow=theroom’swin

dow)Iliveintheroomthewindowof_________/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.(thewindowofwhich=thewindowoftheroom)我住在窗子朝南开的房间里。8.定语从句中的主谓一致：关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，

定语从句的谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。注意：当先行词为“oneof+复数名词”时定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；当先行词为“the(only/very)oneof+复数名词”时定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Heisagoodstudent____________like

stohelpothers.他是一个乐于助人的好学生。Theyaregoodstudents_____________liketohelpothers.他们是乐于助人的好学生。Heisoneofthestudents________________

__praised.他是一个受到表扬的学生之一。Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudents______________praised.他是唯一一个受到表扬的学生。四、易混的关系代词辨析：（一）that和which1.用that，不用wh

ich的情况①当先行词为不定代词：everything,anything,nothing,all,any,much,many,some,few,little,none等或当先行词被no,some,any,all,much,little等词修饰时，只能用that。Togett

hejobstarted,allthatIneedisyourpermission.要开始工作，我所需要的是你的许可。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事吗

?Heansweredfewquestionsthatwereaskedbythereporters.他几乎没有回答记者提问的问题。6/18②当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等词修饰时。That’st

heonlythingthatwecandonow.目前我们只能这样了。ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.这正是我找的钢笔。Hestilllivesinthesamehousethatwevisitedtenyearsago.他还住在十年前我

们参观的同一座房子里。③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooks______________weresoldinthisbookstore.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之

一。Thefirstthing________________shouldbedoneistogetsomefood.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。④当先行词中同时包括人和物时。I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeople__________

_______Ihavevisited.我要谈论一下我所访问的国家和人民。⑤当要避免与疑问词which重复时。WhichistheT-shirt_____________fitsmemost?那件体恤衫最适合我？2.用which，不用that的情况①在非限制性定语从句中Foo

tball,____________isaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是一项有趣的运动。②介词提前时，不用that，而用which，介词不提前时，用that和which都可。

Thisistheroomin__________myfatherlivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(that/which)myfatherlivedinlastyear.这是我父亲去年居住过的房子。（二）which和

as（引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句内容）1.位置上的区别：as引导的从句可放在主句首、句末或句中。而which______________isknowntousall,theearthturnsaroundthesun.Theearth,__________isknown

tousall,turnsaroundthe7/18引导的从句只能放在主句之后。sun.Theearthturnsaroundthesun,___________isknowntousall.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转

。2.语义的区别：as有“正如”之意，因此主句和从句语义一致，而which表示“这一点”在意义上相当于一个并列句，可以用andthis代替，在语义上可以不一致。Mikewonthefirstprize,_____

__wasexpected.正如所料想的,迈克获得了一等奖。Mikewonthefirstprize,__________wasnotexpected.迈克获得了一等奖，这一点没被料想到。五、as引导的定语从句的用法（一）a

s引导的定语从句1.在限制性定语从句中，先行词有such,so,as,thesame修饰时，引导词用as。比较：Ihaveneverreadthebookthatyouhavetalkedabout.我从未读过你谈到的这本书。

Ihaveneverreadsuchaninterestingbookasyouhavetalkedabout.=Ihaveneverreadso/asinterestingabookasyouhavetalkedabout.我从未读过像你谈到的这样有趣的书。2.在非限制

性定语从句中，指代整个主句内容。Asweknow,sheisagoodteacher.我们都知道她是一个好老师。Lily,asweexpected,wonthefirstprizeinthecompetitionyesterday.像我们

所期望的那样，莉莉在昨天的比赛中获得了一等奖。（二）易混句式辨析1.such/so…as…和such/so…that…①such/so…as…表“像„„这样的„„”，用来引导定语从Thisissuchaheavystone__________noonecanlift

.（作lift的宾语，是定语从句）8/18句（as在从句中充当主、宾或表语等）②such/so…that…表示“如此„„以致„„”，用来引导结果状语从句。Thisissuchaheavystone_____________noonecanliftit.（不缺成分，是结果状语从句）这

是一块如此重的石头，没人能搬得动。2.thesame…as…和thesame…that…①thesame…as…表示“类似的一个，而不是同一个”（相似性）②thesame…that…表示“同一个”（同一性）Iha

veboughtthesamewatch_____________youhave.我买了一块和你的一样的手表。（相似的，非同一个）Thisisthesamewatch______________Ilost.这就是我丢的那块手表。（同一个）【课后巩固】一、用正确的关系代词填空1.

Thetrees________standbytheriverwereplantedbyus.2.Shenevergivesintothose________havemoney.3.Thisisthebestfi

lm________hasbeenshownsofarinthecity.4.Februaryistheonlymonth________hasfewerthan30days.5.Mysonmadenotesofeverything________he

read.6.YesterdayImettheteacher________oncetaughtusmaths.9/18Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod1ListeningandSpeaking【学习目标】1.Togetthelist

eningskillsandwordsandexpressionsusedinListeningandSpeaking;2.Togetthelisteningstrategies,especiallypickingouttheke

yinformationofthequestions,suchaswhat,when,where,whyandhow.3.Tograspsomeinformationaboutnaturaldisasters.【学习重难点】1．重点（1）在听

力之前把握题干中的关键词，并标注出来；（2）熟悉和数字、地点等相关的常见表达。2．难点（1）听力中涉及到数字一直是学生听力的难点，要让他们对于20以内的数字比较熟悉，才能听到之后立马反应过来；（2）能够先通过读题，找到题干中的关键词

。【课前诊断】很多学生在练习听力之前盲目或者不知重点，有些在听力的准备阶段不明确自己读题的意义在哪里，就是因为不会寻找并抓住关键信息的体现。而本节课的学习重点就是这个，要让学生养成听力事先读题，有的放矢去听寻答案的策略。【学习过程】【自主探究】Step1Wa

tchthevideoaboutNaturalDisastersandthenlookatthephotosinActivity1.Writedowntheirnamesbyyourselves.10/18Step2ListenandtickinAc

tivity2.Step3Circlethekeyword(s)inthequestionsbelowandwritethekindofinformationtheyreferto.1.Whatwillthemand

onext?2.Howoldisthewomannow?3.Whatissmallforthewoman?4.Whatdoesthemanmean?5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?6.Whatdoesthemanlike

abouthishometown?7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman'shometown?8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?9.Whyisthewomanworried?

10.Whydoestheman'sbrothergototheman'splace?11.Wheredoesthemanworkinthemorning?12.Whatlanguageisthewomanstarting?13.Whatarethe

speakersmainlytalkingabout?14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablyprefer?15.Whatdothewoman'sparentsexpecthertobe?16.Whatisthewomangoodatdoing?17.Ho

wdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?18.Whatwasthenurse’smainduty?19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirc

hildrenactually?20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?【答案】：1.Whatwillthemandonext?11/18What:activity2.Howoldisthewomannow?Howold:number3.Whatissmallfort

hewoman?4.What:specificitem4.Whatdoesthemanmean?What:inference/impliedmeaning5.Wheredoestheconversationmost

probablytakeplace?Where:place6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?What:specificinformation7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman'sho

metown?Whatistheweatherlike:weather8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?Whattime:specifictime9.Whyisthewomanworried?Why

:reason10.Whydoestheman'sbrothergototheman'splace?Why:reason11.Wheredoesthemanworkinthemorning?Where:place/address12.Whatlanguagei

sthewomanstarting?Whatlanguage:languagename13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?What:inferenceofmainidea

14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablyprefer?What:subject15.Whatdothewoman'sparentsexpecthertobe?What:futurejobforthewomen16.Wha

tisthewomangoodatdoing?What:activityforthewoman12/1817.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?How:wayofdoinginVictoriantimes

18.Whatwasthenurse’smainduty?What:activityfornurses19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?How:wayofdoing20.Whatwillthespeak

ertalkaboutnext?What:topictotalkaboutStep4ReadandreportinActivity4.________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________Step5PronunciationPayattentiontothelettersinboldandthepronunciationofthe-edendings.Thenwritethewordsintheboxescarefully.Step6Summ

ary1.Learnsomeimportantinformationaboutnaturaldisasters.2.Graspsomelisteningskills.Unit4NaturalDisasters—Reading&

Thinking【学习目标】1.Tofindouttheparagraphtopicsentences,understandthebasicinformationoftheTangshanearthquaket

hroughskimming,searchingandotherreadingskills;2.Tosortoutthedetailsoftheparagraph,tounderstandthestrangethingsbeforetheTangsha

nearthquake,thetremendousdestructiveforcecausedbytheearthquake,andtherapidandselflessrescueandreconstructionafterthedisaster;3.Todiscussth

ethinkingbroughtbyearthquakeandsublimatethethemesignificance.13/18【学习重难点】1.Toacquirereadingabilitysuchasskimming,scanningandsummarizi

ng.2.Totalkabouttheprecursorbeforetheearthquake,thedamagecausedbytheearthquake,therescueaftertheearthquakeandthereconstructionaftertheearthq

uake.【学习过程】1.WhatdoyouknowaboutTangshanearthquake?2.What’sthemainideaineachparagraph?Paragraph1:Paragrap

h2:Paragraph3:Paragraph4:Paragraph5:3.Inwhatorderdoestheauthordescribetheearthquake?4.ReadParagraph1answerthefollowingquestions(1)Whatwe

rethestrangethings?(2)Whatwaspeople’sreactiontothesestrangethings?(3)Whydidn’tpeoplepayattentiontoth

esestrangethings/thesignsbeforetheearthquake?(4)Whendoesthisparagraphmainlytalkabout?5.Readtogetdetailedinformationabou

tParagraph2.(1)Howstrongwastheearthquake?(2)Howdidthepeoplefeelwhentheearthquakehappened?14/18(3)Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlyt

alkabout?6.ReadtogetdetailedinformationaboutPara.3.(1)Whatweredestroyed?(2)Howdoesthewriterdescribe“everythingin

thecity”?(3)Howdidthepeoplefeel?(4)Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlytalkabout?7.ReadtogetdetailedinformationaboutParagraph

4.(1)Whobroughthopeback?Andwhatdidtheydo?(2)Howdidthepeoplefeelafteralotofpeoplecametorescue?(3)Howwasthecityafteralotofpeoplecametorescue?8.Re

adtogetdetailedinformationaboutParagraph5.(1)WhatshowstherevivalofTangshan?(2)HowcanTangshanreviveitselfandgetuponitsfeetagain?(3)In

timesofdisasters,howcanwegothroughit?9.Highlightingthethemeandreflecting(1)Makeasummaryofthetext.timewhathappenedpeople’sresponsebef

oreduring15/18after(2)FurtherunderstandthetitleAfterourlearning,whydoyouthinktheearthdidn’tsleeponthatnight?(

3)Reflectthroughdiscussiononwhatcanbelearntafterreading.Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod4ReadingForWriting【学习目标】Towri

teasummaryaboutanewsreportproperlyusingsomenewlyacquiredwritingskillsinthisperiod.【学习重难点】Tohaveagoodunderstandingofhowtowri

teasummaryaboutanewsreport.【自主探究】1.Lead-inStep1:LeadinWhatisatsunami?Whatcausesit?Willitcausegreatdamagetohumans?Watchthevideoandexpressyouridea

s.Step2:Readtodiscoverdetailsconcerningthemainbodyofthenewsreport.Readthenewsreportandthensolvethequestionsbelow.1.Whatiskindoftexttypeis?——————————

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————2.Whenandwheredidthetsunamihappen?—————————————————————

———————————————————————————————————————————————3.whatcausedthetsunami?——————————————————————————————————16/18——————————————————————

————————————4.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies?————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Step3:Readtosum

up1.Afterfinishingthetasksabove,theteacherleadsstudentstofigureoutthesummaryofthenewsreport.AndCheckth

emainpointsitincludes.On26December2004,atsunami________(kill)morethan6,500tourists，fishermenandmanyotherlocalsinSoutheastAsia.Thousandsofpeop

leare________(miss)andthenumberofdeathsisexpected________(grow).Thedamage________(cause)bythetsunami

ismakingitdifficultforrescueworkerstohelpthe________(survive).datetimeplaceeventcauseeffectfollowingevents2.Follo

wthestepsbelowtowriteasummaryforthefirsttextcalled“thenighttheearthdidn’tsleep.Readthetextandwritealistofthemaindetails.●Strangethingshappenedi

nthecountrysidebeforetheearthquake.●AnearthquakehitChina________________________Chinaon28July1976.●___________________

____________________________________________●______________________________________________________________●_____

__________________________________________________________Step4:Usewhatyouhavelearnttowriteanewsreport•台湾高雄于2016年2月6日发展8时57分发生了6.7级地

爬，损失修重，请根据下表提供的信息，为某英语报社写一篇100词左右的新闻报道，报道的标题已给出。•受灾情况：大量房屋道路被毁;多人受伤，许多人下落不明；供水、供电中断。军队帮助寻找幸存者、挖掘被困人员、掩埋死者。•赈灾措施：从各地运送来淡水和食物；号召群众支援灾区；社会各界和广大民众

自愿为灾区捐款。ATerribleEarthquake17/18Yourversion:________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step5实践

探究Discusswithyourpartnersandfigureoutthefeaturesofanewsreport:新间报道是____________________的一种，其特点是以______

_______为依据，对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。基本结构：英语新闻报道通常包括四部分：1．_____________——应当简洁明了。2．________________——是消息开头的第一

段或第一句话，简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。3．________________——是消息的主要部分，要用充足的事实表现主题，对导语的内容作进一步的展开和阐述。4．_____________——通常是对全文内容进行概括性的总结。Step6小试

牛刀新闻报道佳句：1．陈述事实常用的句型:1)_______________________________________________________________一个可怕的地震发生在„„杀死了„„2)__________________________________________

_____________________地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁,许多人无家可归。3)________________________________________________

_______________在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。18/182．陈述观点常用的句型:1).______________________________________________________________显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。2).___

___________________________________________________________地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。3．揭示原因常用的句型：____________________

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_____________________因为/作为…的结果、多亏军队的帮忙，受伤的人们被立刻送到医院了。