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中考语法专项主谓一致主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”的一直关系。一般情况下,要遵循三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。什么是主谓一致?语法一致语法一致即主语是
单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也用复数形式。①当and或both...and连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式:LucyandLilyaretwins.露西和莉莉是双胞胎。BothLiMingandIareju
niorhighschoolstudents.我和李明都是初中生②不定代词either,neither,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybo
dy,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?Everyoneisrea
dyforthesportsmeeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。③主语后有with,except,aswellas,nolessthan,including,besides,like,except等时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如:Marywith
herparentsoftengoesforawalkaftersupper.玛丽和她的父母经常在晚饭后散步。④“a(large/small)numberof+名词/代词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“thenumberof+名词/代词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Anumber
oftreesarecutdown.许多树木被砍倒了。Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis32.我们班32个学生。⑤某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves...)作主语时,谓词动词用复数
形式。但如果这些名词前有“thiskindof,thispairof,aseriesof”等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。Myshoeswerewornout.我的鞋子穿破了。Fifteenpairsofshoesaremadeeachday.每天能作十五
双鞋。⑥不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Readingislearning.读书就是学习。⑦有些以s结尾的名词如physics,maths,politics等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。Mathsismyfavoritesubject.数学是我最喜欢的学科。1BothK
ateandI________readyforthenewhighschoollife.(2016,孝感)A.amB.isC.areD.be答案:________C2________thatpairof________
alittlecheaper?A.Is;glassB.Are;glassC.Is;glassesD.Are;glasses答案:________C3There________anumberofbooksinthelibraryandthenumberofthem________increa
sing.(2016,烟台)A.has;isB.have;areC.are;isD.is;are答案:________C意义一致意义一致,即谓语动词和主语的一致是由其意义决定的。①由and连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。如:Theteacheran
dwriteriscomingtogiveusareportnextweek.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时,一般被看做一个整体,谓语动词常用
单数形式。如:Threeyearsisalongtime.三年是一段很长的时间。③集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government...)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式;当popula
tion指居民数目时,谓语动词用单数,如:Myfamilyisasmallonewiththreepeople.我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。④people,police,cattle等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Thepolicearehelpingagirlfindherm
other.警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。⑤the+形容词表示一类人作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式,如thebrave,thepoor,therich,theyoung,theold等。⑥the+姓氏的复数形式表示一家人或夫妇俩人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。4—Howmuch
________thepairofshoes?—Twentydollars________enough.(2017,预测)A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are答案:________A就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。①由ei
ther...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:Notonlymyfriendsbuta
lsoIaminterestedinfootball.不仅我的朋友而且我本人也对足球感兴趣。②Therebe句型中,动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如:Thereisanappleandtwobananas
onthetable.桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。Therearelotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle’sfarmnow.我叔叔的农场里现在有很多羊和猪。5There________lotsof
peopleattherestaurantwhenIgotthere.A.isB.WasC.areD.were答案:________6________Lily________Lucyisgoingwithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.N
otonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or答案:________DD7There________someflowersontheteacher'sdeskjustnow,bu
tnowthere________nothingonit.A.have;hasB.were;hasC.were;isD.has;has答案:________C