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A(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)RecentlyIandotherRedCrossvolunteersmetagroupofvictimsfromHurricaneKatrina.Wewerethere,asmentalhealthprofessionals,tooffer“psycholo

gicalfirstaid”andIwasstruckbythesimplehealingpowerofpresence.Aswewalkedinthegatetotheshelter,weweregreetedwithaburstofgratitude(感激)fromthefirstpe

rsonwemet.Ifeltappreciated,butalsoguilty,becauseIhadn’treallydoneanythingyet.Ifirstrealizedthepowerof

presencemanyyearsagowhenafriend’smotherpassedawayunexpectedly.Ireceivedacallsayingshehadjustpassedaway.Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediately,butdidn

’twanttointrude(打扰)onthisverypersonalperiodofsadness.Iwastornaboutwhattodo.Anotherfriendwithmethensaid,“Justgo.J

ustbethere.”Idid,andIwillneverregretit.Sincethen,Ihavenothesitatedtobeinthepresenceofothers.OnceIsatatthebedsideofayoungmansufferingfromt

hepainofhisAIDS-relateddying.Hewasnotawake,andobviouslyunawareofothers’presence.However,theatmospherewas

bynomeanssolemn.Hisfamily,playingguitarsandsinging,allowedhimtobepresentwiththemasthoughhewerestillfullyalive.Inmylife,Ia

mrepeatedlystruckbythehealingpowerofpresence.Init,noneofusaretrulyalone.Itnotonlyissomethingwegivetoothersbutalsochangesmeforthebet

ter.[解题导语]本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。1．Whywerethehurricanevictimsgratefultotheauthor?A．Hebuiltsheltersforthem.B．Hegaveim

mediatefirstaidtothem.C．Hecametostaywiththem.D．Hebroughtmentalhealthprofessionals.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Wewerethere,asmentalhealthprofessiona

ls,tooffer‘psychologicalfirstaid’andIwasstruckbythesimplehealingpowerofpresence.”可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。

2．Whatdidtheauthordowhenhisfriend’smotherpassedaway?A．Hehesitatedoverwhethertogo.B．Hewenttohisfriend’satonce.C．Heknewwhattodoinstantly.D．Hedecidedn

ottodisturbhisfriend.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediately,butdidn’twanttointrude(打扰)onthisverypersonalper

iodofsadness.Iwastornaboutwhattodo.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solem

n”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Heavybutwarm.B．Alittlesadbutcosy.C．Relaxinganddelightful.D．Veryseriousandunhap

py.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“Hisfamily,playingguitarsandsinging”可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“However...nomeans”和第三段第二句中的“ayoungmansufferingf

romthepainofhisAIDS-relateddying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。4．Whathastheauthorlearnedfromhisexper

ience?A．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B．Beingpresentcanmakeabigdifference.C．Thefamilyharmonyisthehappiestthinginlife

.D．Beingavolunteercanmakeone’slifemoresignificant.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“Inmylife,Iamrepeatedlystruckbythehealingpowerofpresence.In

it,noneofusaretrulyalone.”并结合第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。B(2017·重庆调研推测二)Astheworldbecomesmoreconnected,thenumberofpeopleli

vingoutsidetheirhomecountryisontherise.Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalcommunitynetwor

kInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExpatInsidersurvey.InMalta,warmweatherandnearnesstoEuropearethebigdrawsforthisMediterraneannatio

n.Theclimateleadstoaslowerpaceoflife.“Someshopshavea‘siesta’earlyintheafternoon,andmanypeoplenoticeslowserviceattherestaurants，”s

aidanInterNationsConsulfromRome.“Iremembersittingatatablearound8p．m.onceandleavingatmidnight!Weonlyhadastarterandonemain.”InEcuador,frie

ndlypeople,affordablehealthcareandtasty,cheapfoodarejustafewreasonsastowhyexpatslovelivinginEcuador.Plus,theco

untry’sdiversecitiesgiveexpatsalotofchoices.“ThebeautyofEcuadoristhevariety，”saidanInterNationsambassador.“Th

epeoplewhocometoretireinEcuadoroftenlookforalowercostofliving,sothecoastline,thesouthernpartofEcuadorandAmbatowillfitthistypeofexpat.

Inthecaseofbusiness－mindedoroutgoingexpats,Quito,GuayaquilandCuencaarethecitiestolivein.”Thebiggercitiesd

ocomeatacost,hewarned,withhigherpricesforrentandeatingout.InNewZealand,thecountry’snaturalbeautydrawspeoplefromacrosstheworld,andwitheasyaccesstobot

hcitiesandbeaches,expatsusuallyadoptthelocalrelaxedlifestyle.AnInterNationsAmbassadorfromHongKongnotesthatatypicalKiwiworks8：30a．m.to5p．m.,n

everovertime,andenjoysmealsandweekendactivities,likehouseparties,roadtripsorhiking,withtheirfamily.[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍

了一项目的在于弄清是什么使移民人士在新家乡感到快乐的调查研究。5．WhatisInterNations’surveyfor?A．Tostudywhythenumberofexpatsisontherise.B．T

omakeclearwhattheexactnumberofexpatsis.C．Tolookintohowexpatsadoptedtheirnewhometown.D．Todiscoverwhatpleasesexpatsintheiradoptedcoun

tries.D解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalcommunitynetworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualE

xpatInsidersurvey.可知，InterNations的调查是为了弄清楚是什么令移民人士对他们移民的国家感到满意。故选D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“siesta”inParagraph3proba

blymean?A．Sale.B．Break.C．Promotion.D．Exhibition.B解析：词义猜测题。由上文中的“slowerpaceoflife”可知，这些地方的生活节奏很慢，饭店的服务也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了。“siesta”应意为“休

息”，与B项意思最为接近。故选B。7．WhatdoweknowabouttheexpatstoEcuador?A．RichexpatswouldliketoliveinAmbato.B．Alltheexpatslovethelowercostofliving.C．Outgo

ingexpatsarelikelytochooseCuenca.D．Thebiggercitiesarethebestchoicesforpoorexpats.C解析：细节理解题。由第五段第三句Inthecaseofbusiness－mindedoroutgoing

expats,Quito,GuayaquilandCuencaarethecitiestolivein.可知，性格外向的移民可能会选择昆卡作为定居的城市。故选C。8．ExpatschooseNewZea

landbecauseofits____________．A．specialclimateB．typicalanimalsC．naturalbeautyD．fastpaceoflifeC解析：细节理解题。由第

六段可知，移民选择新西兰主要是因为它的自然美景。故选C。C(2017·银川4月检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhenthe

ysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.As

tudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebl

oodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingite

venharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrep

eated,drawn­outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong­termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossi

ngyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg

，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,prevent

ingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlyla

staminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwith

bothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.[解题导语]本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见

的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。9．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocia

lhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.C．Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Whiley

oumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。10．Acc

ordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________．A．affectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD

．improvethefunctionoflegsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscros

sedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。11．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”pro

bablymeans“________”．A．slightlysharppainsB．beingalittletiredC．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecan

causenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹

，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。12．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togiver

eaderssomeadvice.C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致

的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。专题强化训练12词义猜测题——猜测指代类/句意类[学生用书P99(单独成册)]A(2017·广州检测)Weallknowthefeeling:lookingatthecomputerscreen,p

retendingtobeinterestedinourhomework,eventhoughwereallyfeelbored.Butsuchfeelingsmaysoonbeatanend,saysDr.HarryWitchel,headoftheEsse

xMedicalSchool.Hebelievesthatcomputersofthefuturewillnoticewhenpeoplefeelboredandeventakeactiontostopit．Beforeyougetconcerned,themachinewon’tbe

readingyourmind.Itwillbeobservingthemanymovementsyoumakewhileusingacomputer.It’snotinterestedinthebigmovementsnee

dedtousethemachine—likemovingamouseortouchingascreen—butsmall,barelynoticeablemovementslikeclosingyoureyes,movinginyourseato

rrubbingyourface.Witchelcallsthese“boredommovements”andsaystheyshowhowinterestedthepersonisinwhattheyarereadingorwatching.Thehighertheinteres

tlevel,thelessmovement!Totesthistheory,Witchelinvited27peopletoperformvariouscomputer－basedtasks.Theactivitiesrang

edfromplayingonlinegames(aninterestingtask)toreadingdocumentslikegovernmentlawsthatmostpeoplewouldfindboring.

Aspecialvideocamerafollowedtheparticipants’movementsastheycompletedeachtask.Justastheresearcherexpected,the“boredommovements”greatlydecreased,byasmuc

has42%,whenthesubjectswereveryinterestedinwhattheywerereadingorseeing.Fortunately,Dr.Witchelisn’tplanningtousehisresultst

ocreatemachinesthatreportstudentswhoarenotpayingattentionatschool.Instead,hewants“movementsensing”technologytobebuiltintofuturecomputersinord

ertoimprovestudents’computer－basedlearningexperience.Thescientistsaysthatbymeasuringthestudents’interestlevelastheywork,educatorswillbeabletoadj

usttheirmaterialsinreal－timetokeepstudentsfocused.Witchelalsobelievesthatthetechnologycanprovidefilmmake

rswithhonestaudienceopinionsandinthefuture,helptodevelopmoreintelligentrobots.[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。Witchel博士所做的一项实验表明：当人们感兴趣于读或看

的内容时，无聊感就会有所下降。所以可以将该项结果应用于教育中，通过实时调整学习材料提高学生的学习兴趣。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Homework.B．Acomputer.C

．Boredom.D．Thefuture.C解析：代词指代题。由第一段最后一句Hebelievesthatcomputersofthefuturewillnoticewhenpeoplefeelboredandeventakeactiontostopit．及语境

可推断出，“it”指人们的无聊。故选C。2．WhydidDr.Witchelcarryouthisresearch?A．Todiscoverhowboredpeoplemove.B．Tofindoutwhatmakespeoplebored.C．T

oseeifinterestedpeoplearemoreactive.D．Totestthelinkbetweenboredomandmovement.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段最后两句Witchelcallsthese“boredomm

ovements”andsaystheyshowhowinterestedthepersonisinwhattheyarereadingorwatching.Thehighertheinterestlevel,thelessmovemen

t！可推断出，Witchel做研究的目的是测试无聊和活动之间的关系。故选D。3．WhichmovementwouldWitchel’stechnologymostlikelypayattentionto?A．Turningoffthema

chine.B．Typingwordsonakeyboard.C．Surfingquicklybetweenwebpages.D．Movingone’sheadfromsidetoside.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段第三句It’snotint

erestedinthebigmovementsneededtousethemachine—likemovingamouseortouchingascreen—butsmall,barelynotice

ablemovementslikeclosingyoureyes,movinginyourseatorrubbingyourface.可推知，这项技术会注意到一个人头部的移动。故选D。4．Howwillthenewtechnologyhelpeducation,according

toWitchel?A．Byreducingteachers’workload.B．Bymaintainingstudents’learninginterest.C．Byreportingstudents’misbehaviorinclass.D．Bymakinglearningm

orelikeacomputergame.B解析：细节理解题。由最后一段第一句Thescientistsaysthatbymeasuringthestudents’interestlevelastheywor

k,educatorswillbeabletoadjusttheirmaterialsinreal－timetokeepstudentsfocused.可知，这种新技术可以帮助学生维持他们的学习兴趣。故选B。B(2017

·河南实验中学模拟)ThepoliceinTaiwanareunabletojudgewhethertotreatitasanextremelycleveractofstealingoranevenclever

ercheat.Eitherway,itcouldbetheperfectcrime,becausethecriminalsarebirds—homingpigeons!Thecrimebeginswithatelephonemessagetotheownerofa

stolencar:Ifyouwantthecarback,payup.Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.Carryingt

hemoneyinatinybag,thepigeonfliesoff.Therehavebeenatleastfoursuchpigeonpick－upsinChangwa.Whatatfirstseemedliketheworkofacleverstay－a

t－homecarthief,however,mayinfactbetheworkofanevenlazierandmoreinventivecriminalmind—onethatavoidsnotonlycollectingmo

neybutalsogoingouttostealthecarinthefirstplace.PoliceofficerChensaysthatthecriminalprobablyhaspulledadoubl

etrick:Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.Insteadofstealingcars,heletssomeoneelsedoitandthenwaitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadint

henewspaperaskingforhelp.Thetheoryissupportedbythefactthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamountofmoneydemanded—under3，000Taiwan

dollars—seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesmore.Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthepre

ssreportedthestory.Andeveniftheystartagain,Chenholdslittlehopeofcatchingthecriminal.“Wehavemoreimportantthingstodo，”hesaid.[解题导语]本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台

湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。5．Afterthecar－ownerreceivedaphonecall,he________．A．wenttoacertainpigeonandputsomemoneyint

hebagitcarriedB．gavethemoneytothethiefandhadhiscarbackinaparkC．sentsomemoneytothethiefbymailD．toldthepressaboutitA解析：细节理解题。根

据第二段中的Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoni

nside.可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上。故选A项。6．Thewritermentionsthefactthat“noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturn

ed”toshow________．A．howeasilypeoplegetfooledbycriminalsB．whatChenthinksmightbecorrectC．thethiefisextremelycleverD．themo

neypaidistoolittleB解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选B项。7．Theunderlinedword“th

ey”inthelastparagraphrefersto____________．A．criminalsB．pigeonsC．thestolencarsD．demandsformoneyD解析：词义猜测题。上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知

they就是指代上文提到的Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoney。故选D项。8．Wemayinferthatthecriminalknowshowtoreachthecar－ownersbecause_________

___．A．hereadstheadsinthenewspaperB．helivesinthesameneighborhoodC．hehasseenthecar－ownersintheparkD．hehastrainedthepigeonstofoll

owthemA解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句．..waitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaskingforhelp.可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选A项。C(2017·山西省际名校联考)Thist

imelastyearIenteredtwolong-distancemass-participationswimmingevents,includingtheJubileeRiver10kmswim.Atthelastminute,justbeforebothswims

,Idecidedtopullout.Therealityis,Iliveinfearofcominglast.Lastyear,beforethetwoevents,IrealizedthatIcouldn’tdealwithcominglast.Ihadlookedattheswimt

imesofthosewhohadcompletedthepreviousyearandcalculatedthat,atmycurrentswimpace,Iwouldprobablyhavecomelastinboth.Ijustcou

ldn’tfaceit.Butwhennextyearcamearound,Idecidedtoenterthosesameeventsagain.Forafewmonths,Itrainedhard,butIdidn’tgetanyfaster.Th

enitwasJune5,thedayoftheJubileeRiver10km.Theeventstartedat9：30a．m.,andtheswimmerswereanxiousandeagert

ostart.AsIswamalong,theriverwasquietandcleanandeverythingwaspeaceful.Thesunshone.Meadows(草地)rolledbyandeverynowandthens

omeonewouldwaveatthesceneunfoldinginthewater.Asthedayworeon,somehowIdidn’tmindthat,predictably,almosteveryonewasahead.Ther

ewereatleastsomeswimmersstillnearme,andalthoughwesharedthesameriverwequietlyoccupiedourownspaces.AsIconcentratedondoingmyownthing,watchingthe

sky,thebank,theotherswimmingcapspassingornotpassing,IrealizedIwasenjoyingmyself.Intheend,fourhoursan

d29minutesafterI’dstarted,Istaggered(摇摇晃晃地走)outofthewaterandwasgreetedwithasmileanda“welldone”fromtheraceorganizer.Iglancedbackovermyshouldertowa

rdthewaterandnoticedthattherewereasmallhandfulofswimmerswhowerestilltofinish,behindme,outofafieldofaround300swimmers.Butitd

idn’tmatter.I__was__just__relieved,__proud__and__happy__to__finish.AsIdroveaway,mythoughtsturnedtomynextlongraceoftheseasonandhowmuchIwaslook

ingforwardtoit,myfearsofcominglastgentlyreceding(渐渐远去)．[解题导语]作者参加10公里游泳比赛，把名次看得不重要，而是享受比赛的过程。9．Theauthorint

endedtoquitswimmingmainlybecause________．A．shefearedthatshecouldn’tfinishthetworacesB．shewasafraidthat

shewouldletfamilymembersdownC．shewasunwillingtoacceptthepossibilityoffinishinglastD．shewasn’tfullypreparedf

orthetworacesC解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Atthelastminute,justbeforebothswims,Idecidedtopullout.Therealityis,Iliveinfearofcominglast.可知，是因为她不愿意接受最后一次完成的可能性。故选C。1

0．Theauthorhopestoconveythemessagethat________．A．nevergiveupwhenfacingchallengesB．itisprocessthatmattersmostC．failureist

hemotherofsuccessD．winnersalwaystakeitallB解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的AsIconcentratedondoingmyownthing,watchingthesky,thebank

,theotherswimmingcapspassingornotpassing,IrealizedIwasenjoyingmyself.可知，作者享受比赛的过程。故选B。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninthefifthpar

agraph?A．Shetookprideinleavingalltheotherswimmersbehind.B．Shewasproudthatshewasnotthelastoneintherace.C．Shewasgladto

finishtheraceandhadasenseofrelief.D．Shewasproudtobepraisedbytheorganizer.C解析：句意猜测题。根据第五段中的Iglancedbackovermyshouldertowardthewaterandnotic

edthattherewereasmallhandfulofswimmerswhowerestilltofinish,behindme,outofafieldofaround300swimmers.Butitdidn’tmatter.可知，成绩虽然不理

想，但是作者认为并不重要，可知，作者很高兴完成比赛，有一种欣慰感。故选C。12．Itcanbeinferredfromtheendthattheauthorislikelyto________．A．participateinan

otherracewithoutanyhesitationB．analyzethereasonwhyshefailedintheraceC．loseconfidencecompletelyD．decidewhethersheissuitablefo

rtheraceA解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的AsIdroveaway...myfearsofcominglastgentlyreceding(渐渐远去)．可知，作者会毫不犹豫地参加另一次比赛，因为她在享受比赛。故选A。