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A(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)RecentlyIandotherRedCrossvolunteersmetagroupofvictimsfromHurricaneKatrina.Wewerethere,asmentalh

ealthprofessionals,tooffer“psychologicalfirstaid”andIwasstruckbythesimplehealingpowerofpresence.Aswewalkedintheg

atetotheshelter,weweregreetedwithaburstofgratitude(感激)fromthefirstpersonwemet.Ifeltappreciated,butalsoguilty,becauseIhadn’treal

lydoneanythingyet.Ifirstrealizedthepowerofpresencemanyyearsagowhenafriend’smotherpassedawayunexpectedly.Ireceivedacallsayingsheha

djustpassedaway.Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediately,butdidn’twanttointrude(打扰)onthisverypersonalperiodofsadness.Iwastornaboutwhattodo.Anotherfri

endwithmethensaid,“Justgo.Justbethere.”Idid,andIwillneverregretit.Sincethen,Ihavenothesitatedtobeinthepresenceofo

thers.OnceIsatatthebedsideofayoungmansufferingfromthepainofhisAIDS-relateddying.Hewasnotawake,andobviouslyunawareofothers’presence.Ho

wever,theatmospherewasbynomeanssolemn.Hisfamily,playingguitarsandsinging,allowedhimtobepresentwiththemasthoughhewerestillfullyalive.Inmylife,Iamrepe

atedlystruckbythehealingpowerofpresence.Init,noneofusaretrulyalone.Itnotonlyissomethingwegivetoothersbutalsochangesmeforthebetter.[解题导语]本文主要讲述了“我”

通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。1．Whywerethehurricanevictimsgratefultotheauthor?A．Hebuiltsheltersforthem.B．Hegaveimmediat

efirstaidtothem.C．Hecametostaywiththem.D．Hebroughtmentalhealthprofessionals.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Wewerethere,asmentalhealthprofe

ssionals,tooffer‘psychologicalfirstaid’andIwasstruckbythesimplehealingpowerofpresence.”可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。2．Whatdidthe

authordowhenhisfriend’smotherpassedaway?A．Hehesitatedoverwhethertogo.B．Hewenttohisfriend’satonce.C．Heknewwhattodoinstantly.D

．Hedecidednottodisturbhisfriend.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediately,butdidn’twanttointrude(打扰)onthisverypersona

lperiodofsadness.Iwastornaboutwhattodo.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“so

lemn”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Heavybutwarm.B．Alittlesadbutcosy.C．Relaxinganddelightful.D．Veryseriousandunhappy.D解析：词义猜测题。根

据第三段最后一句中的“Hisfamily,playingguitarsandsinging”可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“However...nomeans”和第三段第二句中的“ayoungmansufferingfromthepaino

fhisAIDS-relateddying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。4．Whathastheauthorlearnedfromhisexperience?A．Afriendinneed

isafriendindeed.B．Beingpresentcanmakeabigdifference.C．Thefamilyharmonyisthehappiestthinginlife.D．Beingavolunteercanmakeone’slifemoresignificant.B解

析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“Inmylife,Iamrepeatedlystruckbythehealingpowerofpresence.Init,noneofusaretrulyalone.”并结合

第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。B(2017·重庆调研推测二)Astheworldbecomesmoreconnected,thenumberofpeoplelivingoutsidetheirhomecountryisontherise.Tofin

doutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalcommunitynetworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExp

atInsidersurvey.InMalta,warmweatherandnearnesstoEuropearethebigdrawsforthisMediterraneannation.Theclimateleadstoaslowerp

aceoflife.“Someshopshavea‘siesta’earlyintheafternoon,andmanypeoplenoticeslowserviceattherestaurants，”saidanInterNationsCons

ulfromRome.“Iremembersittingatatablearound8p．m.onceandleavingatmidnight!Weonlyhadastarterandonemain.”InEcuador,friendlypeople,affordablehealthcar

eandtasty,cheapfoodarejustafewreasonsastowhyexpatslovelivinginEcuador.Plus,thecountry’sdiversecitiesg

iveexpatsalotofchoices.“ThebeautyofEcuadoristhevariety，”saidanInterNationsambassador.“Thepeoplewhocome

toretireinEcuadoroftenlookforalowercostofliving,sothecoastline,thesouthernpartofEcuadorandAmbatowillfitthistypeofexpat.Inthecaseofbusiness－mindedorou

tgoingexpats,Quito,GuayaquilandCuencaarethecitiestolivein.”Thebiggercitiesdocomeatacost,hewarned,withhigherpricesforrentande

atingout.InNewZealand,thecountry’snaturalbeautydrawspeoplefromacrosstheworld,andwitheasyaccesstobothcitiesandbeaches,expatsusuallyadopttheloca

lrelaxedlifestyle.AnInterNationsAmbassadorfromHongKongnotesthatatypicalKiwiworks8：30a．m.to5p．m.,neverovertime,andenjoysmealsandweekendactivities,li

kehouseparties,roadtripsorhiking,withtheirfamily.[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项目的在于弄清是什么使移民人士在新家乡感到快乐的调查研究。5．WhatisInterNations’surveyfor?A

．Tostudywhythenumberofexpatsisontherise.B．Tomakeclearwhattheexactnumberofexpatsis.C．Tolookintohowexpatsadoptedtheirnewhometown.D．Todisc

overwhatpleasesexpatsintheiradoptedcountries.D解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalcommunityne

tworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExpatInsidersurvey.可知，InterNations的调查是为了弄清楚是什么令移民人士对他们移民的国家感到满意。故选D。6．

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“siesta”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Sale.B．Break.C．Promotion.D．Exhibition.B解析：词义猜测题。由上文中的“slowerpaceoflife”可知，这些地方

的生活节奏很慢，饭店的服务也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了。“siesta”应意为“休息”，与B项意思最为接近。故选B。7．WhatdoweknowabouttheexpatstoEcuador?A．RichexpatswouldliketoliveinAmbato.B．Al

ltheexpatslovethelowercostofliving.C．OutgoingexpatsarelikelytochooseCuenca.D．Thebiggercitiesarethebestchoicesforpoorexpats.C

解析：细节理解题。由第五段第三句Inthecaseofbusiness－mindedoroutgoingexpats,Quito,GuayaquilandCuencaarethecitiestolivein.可知，性格外向的移民可能会选择昆卡作为定居的城市。

故选C。8．ExpatschooseNewZealandbecauseofits____________．A．specialclimateB．typicalanimalsC．naturalbeautyD．fastpaceoflifeC解析：细节理解题。由第六段可知

，移民选择新西兰主要是因为它的自然美景。故选C。C(2017·银川4月检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennotice

thatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouar

enotawareof.AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatth

ebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreas

esresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon

’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawn­outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong­termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodofti

me?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideof

yourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfoota

ndleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayon

lylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,tryt

ogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosavey

ourhealthinthelongrun.[解题导语]本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。9．Whatcanwelearnabout

crossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.C．Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析

：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthat

youarenotawareof.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。10．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________．A．affectyourbloodpress

ureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD．improvethefunctionoflegsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“As

tudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。

11．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”．A．slightlysharppainsB．beingalittletiredC．s

eriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootan

dleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。12．Whatisthemainpurposeofthet

ext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togivereaderssomeadvice.C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethod

s.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。专题强化训练12词义猜测题——猜测指代类/句意类[学生用书P99(单独成册)]A(2017·广州检测)Weallkn

owthefeeling:lookingatthecomputerscreen,pretendingtobeinterestedinourhomework,eventhoughwereallyfeelbored.Butsuchfeelingsmaysoonbeatanend,sa

ysDr.HarryWitchel,headoftheEssexMedicalSchool.Hebelievesthatcomputersofthefuturewillnoticewhenpeoplefeelboredandeventakeactiontostopit．Beforeyoug

etconcerned,themachinewon’tbereadingyourmind.Itwillbeobservingthemanymovementsyoumakewhileusingacomputer.It’snotinterestedinthebig

movementsneededtousethemachine—likemovingamouseortouchingascreen—butsmall,barelynoticeablemovementslikeclosingyoureyes,movinginyourseatorrubbin

gyourface.Witchelcallsthese“boredommovements”andsaystheyshowhowinterestedthepersonisinwhattheyarereadingorwatching.Thehighertheinte

restlevel,thelessmovement!Totesthistheory,Witchelinvited27peopletoperformvariouscomputer－basedtasks.Theactivitiesrangedfr

omplayingonlinegames(aninterestingtask)toreadingdocumentslikegovernmentlawsthatmostpeoplewouldfindboring.Aspecialvideoc

amerafollowedtheparticipants’movementsastheycompletedeachtask.Justastheresearcherexpected,the“boredommoveme

nts”greatlydecreased,byasmuchas42%,whenthesubjectswereveryinterestedinwhattheywerereadingorseeing.Fortunately,Dr

.Witchelisn’tplanningtousehisresultstocreatemachinesthatreportstudentswhoarenotpayingattentionatschool.Instead,hewants“movementsensing”te

chnologytobebuiltintofuturecomputersinordertoimprovestudents’computer－basedlearningexperience.Thescientistsaysthatbymeasuringthestudents’interestleve

lastheywork,educatorswillbeabletoadjusttheirmaterialsinreal－timetokeepstudentsfocused.Witchelalsobelievesthatthetechnologycanprovide

filmmakerswithhonestaudienceopinionsandinthefuture,helptodevelopmoreintelligentrobots.[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。Witchel博士所做的一项实验表明：当人们感兴趣于读或看的内容时

，无聊感就会有所下降。所以可以将该项结果应用于教育中，通过实时调整学习材料提高学生的学习兴趣。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Homework.

B．Acomputer.C．Boredom.D．Thefuture.C解析：代词指代题。由第一段最后一句Hebelievesthatcomputersofthefuturewillnoticewhenpeoplefeelboredandeventakeactiontostopit．及语境可推断

出，“it”指人们的无聊。故选C。2．WhydidDr.Witchelcarryouthisresearch?A．Todiscoverhowboredpeoplemove.B．Tofindoutwhatmakespeoplebored.C．Toseeifinteres

tedpeoplearemoreactive.D．Totestthelinkbetweenboredomandmovement.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段最后两句Witchelcallsthese“boredommovements”andsayst

heyshowhowinterestedthepersonisinwhattheyarereadingorwatching.Thehighertheinterestlevel,thelessmovement！可推断出，Witchel做研究的目的是测试无聊和活动之间的关系。故选

D。3．WhichmovementwouldWitchel’stechnologymostlikelypayattentionto?A．Turningoffthemachine.B．Typingwordsonakey

board.C．Surfingquicklybetweenwebpages.D．Movingone’sheadfromsidetoside.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段第三句It’snotinterestedinthebigmovementsneededtouse

themachine—likemovingamouseortouchingascreen—butsmall,barelynoticeablemovementslikeclosingyoureyes,m

ovinginyourseatorrubbingyourface.可推知，这项技术会注意到一个人头部的移动。故选D。4．Howwillthenewtechnologyhelpeducation,accordingtoWitchel?A．Byreducingteachers’

workload.B．Bymaintainingstudents’learninginterest.C．Byreportingstudents’misbehaviorinclass.D．Bymakinglearningmorelikeacomputergame.B解析：

细节理解题。由最后一段第一句Thescientistsaysthatbymeasuringthestudents’interestlevelastheywork,educatorswillbeabletoadjusttheirmaterials

inreal－timetokeepstudentsfocused.可知，这种新技术可以帮助学生维持他们的学习兴趣。故选B。B(2017·河南实验中学模拟)ThepoliceinTaiwanareunabletojudgewhethertotreatitasanextremelycle

veractofstealingoranevencleverercheat.Eitherway,itcouldbetheperfectcrime,becausethecriminalsarebirds—homingpigeons!Thecrimebeginswi

thatelephonemessagetotheownerofastolencar:Ifyouwantthecarback,payup.Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabir

dcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.Carryingthemoneyinatinybag,thepigeonfliesoff.Therehavebeenatleastfoursuchpigeonpick

－upsinChangwa.Whatatfirstseemedliketheworkofacleverstay－at－homecarthief,however,mayinfactbetheworkofanevenl

azierandmoreinventivecriminalmind—onethatavoidsnotonlycollectingmoneybutalsogoingouttostealthecarinthefirstplace.PoliceofficerChensaysthatthe

criminalprobablyhaspulledadoubletrick:Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.Insteadofstealingcars,hel

etssomeoneelsedoitandthenwaitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaskingforhelp.Thetheoryissupportedbythef

actthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamountofmoneydemanded—under3，000Taiwandollars—seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesm

ore.Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthepressreportedthestory.Andeveniftheystartagain,Chenholdslittlehopeofcatchingthec

riminal.“Wehavemoreimportantthingstodo，”hesaid.[解题导语]本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。5．Afterthe

car－ownerreceivedaphonecall,he________．A．wenttoacertainpigeonandputsomemoneyinthebagitcarriedB．gavethemo

neytothethiefandhadhiscarbackinaparkC．sentsomemoneytothethiefbymailD．toldthepressaboutitA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then,thecarownerisdirectedt

oapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽

子的脖子上。故选A项。6．Thewritermentionsthefactthat“noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned”toshow________．A．howeasil

ypeoplegetfooledbycriminalsB．whatChenthinksmightbecorrectC．thethiefisextremelycleverD．themoneypaidistoolittleB解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段

中的Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选B项。7．Theunderlinedword“they”in

thelastparagraphrefersto____________．A．criminalsB．pigeonsC．thestolencarsD．demandsformoneyD解析：词义猜测题。上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知they就是指代上文提到

的Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoney。故选D项。8．Wemayinferthatthecriminalknowshowtoreachthecar－ownersbecause____

________．A．hereadstheadsinthenewspaperB．helivesinthesameneighborhoodC．hehasseenthecar－ownersintheparkD．hehastrainedthepigeonstofollowthemA解析：细

节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句．..waitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaskingforhelp.可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选A项。C(2017·

山西省际名校联考)ThistimelastyearIenteredtwolong-distancemass-participationswimmingevents,includingtheJubileeRiver1

0kmswim.Atthelastminute,justbeforebothswims,Idecidedtopullout.Therealityis,Iliveinfearofcominglast.Lastyear,beforethetwoevents,Ire

alizedthatIcouldn’tdealwithcominglast.Ihadlookedattheswimtimesofthosewhohadcompletedthepreviousyearandcal

culatedthat,atmycurrentswimpace,Iwouldprobablyhavecomelastinboth.Ijustcouldn’tfaceit.Butwhennextyearcamearound,Idecidedtoenterthosesameevents

again.Forafewmonths,Itrainedhard,butIdidn’tgetanyfaster.ThenitwasJune5,thedayoftheJubileeRiver10km.The

eventstartedat9：30a．m.,andtheswimmerswereanxiousandeagertostart.AsIswamalong,theriverwasquietandcleanandeverythingwaspe

aceful.Thesunshone.Meadows(草地)rolledbyandeverynowandthensomeonewouldwaveatthesceneunfoldinginthewater.Asthedayworeon,somehowIdidn’tmindthat,p

redictably,almosteveryonewasahead.Therewereatleastsomeswimmersstillnearme,andalthoughwesharedthesameriverwequietlyoccupiedourownspaces.AsIconcen

tratedondoingmyownthing,watchingthesky,thebank,theotherswimmingcapspassingornotpassing,IrealizedIwasenjoyingmyself.Inthee

nd,fourhoursand29minutesafterI’dstarted,Istaggered(摇摇晃晃地走)outofthewaterandwasgreetedwithasmileanda“welldone”fromtheraceorganizer.Iglance

dbackovermyshouldertowardthewaterandnoticedthattherewereasmallhandfulofswimmerswhowerestilltofinish,behindme,outofafieldofaround300swimmers.But

itdidn’tmatter.I__was__just__relieved,__proud__and__happy__to__finish.AsIdroveaway,mythoughtsturnedtomy

nextlongraceoftheseasonandhowmuchIwaslookingforwardtoit,myfearsofcominglastgentlyreceding(渐渐远去)．[解题导语]作者参加10

公里游泳比赛，把名次看得不重要，而是享受比赛的过程。9．Theauthorintendedtoquitswimmingmainlybecause________．A．shefearedthatshecouldn’tfinishthetworacesB．s

hewasafraidthatshewouldletfamilymembersdownC．shewasunwillingtoacceptthepossibilityoffinishinglastD．shewasn’tfullypreparedforthetworacesC解析：

细节理解题。根据第一段的Atthelastminute,justbeforebothswims,Idecidedtopullout.Therealityis,Iliveinfearofcominglast.可知，是因为她不愿意接受最后一次完成的可能性。故选C。10．Theautho

rhopestoconveythemessagethat________．A．nevergiveupwhenfacingchallengesB．itisprocessthatmattersmostC．failureisthemotherofsuccessD．winnersalwaystake

itallB解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的AsIconcentratedondoingmyownthing,watchingthesky,thebank,theotherswimmingcapspassingornotpassing,IrealizedIwas

enjoyingmyself.可知，作者享受比赛的过程。故选B。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninthefifthparagraph?A．Shetookprideinleavingalltheotherswimmersbehind.B．Shewa

sproudthatshewasnotthelastoneintherace.C．Shewasgladtofinishtheraceandhadasenseofrelief.D．Shewasproudtobepraisedbytheorganizer.C解析：句意猜测题。根据第五段中

的Iglancedbackovermyshouldertowardthewaterandnoticedthattherewereasmallhandfulofswimmerswhowerestilltofinish,behindme

,outofafieldofaround300swimmers.Butitdidn’tmatter.可知，成绩虽然不理想，但是作者认为并不重要，可知，作者很高兴完成比赛，有一种欣慰感。故选C。12．Itcanbeinferredfromth

eendthattheauthorislikelyto________．A．participateinanotherracewithoutanyhesitationB．analyzethereasonwhyshefailedintheraceC．loseconfidencecomple

telyD．decidewhethersheissuitablefortheraceA解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的AsIdroveaway...myfearsofcominglastgentlyreceding(渐渐远去)．可知，作者会毫不犹豫地

参加另一次比赛，因为她在享受比赛。故选A。