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北京2019中考英语阅读理解（十）专题十八阅读理解第10讲阅读理解解题方法指导1.掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的命题规律；2.掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的解题方法；3.掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的高频词。北京中考阅读理解CD篇命题规律总结阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一

项重要内容。中考阅读理解主要考察学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。近年来逐渐显现出文章易懂，但选题较难的趋势，要求阅读速度为每分钟约40-50词。北京中考

阅读理解CD篇的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则：1.阅读量约在350-450字之间；2.题材广泛，包括日常生活类、人生百味类、科普环保类、教育类和社会现象类等；3.体裁多样，以议论文和说明文为主。北京中考阅读理解CD篇考察的主要内容是：1.考查把握文章的事实和

细节的能力；2.考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力；3.考查根据上下文猜测生词名师点拨教学目标的含义的能力；4.考查推断作者意图和态度的能力；5.考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。

建议：平时阅读理解要加强科普类、议论类文章的阅读，做题方法不要只停留在机械寻找信息上，注重文章写作结构、主旨大意、观点态度的理解上，阅读英文原著，不要局限于中考试题。北京中考阅读理解CD篇解题方法指导一、阅

读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求。把

文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的

信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证

答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧题型题型一：细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括

询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstateme

ntsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)„?解题技巧1.细心审题，直接就题找答案2.

变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题练习1.AuggieliveswithhisparentsandsisterinNewYork.Heisanormalboyinmanyways.Heridesabikeandlikesplayin

gwithhisXbox.ButAuggiehasdeformities(畸形）ofthefaceandlooksverydifferentfromotherchildren.Atthestartofthebook,hetellsus"MynameisAugust.I

won'tdescribewhatIlooklike.Whateveryou'rethinking,it’sprobablyworse."Inthestreet,peoplelookatAuggieandarefrightened.（北京东城一模C篇）HowisAuggiedifferent

fromotherboys?A.Hisnameisspecial.B.Hisfaceshapeisnotnormal.C.Hedoesn’tgotoschool.D.HelikesplayingwithhisXbox.2.It’snotajoke,n

orhavetheCanadiansgonemad.TheyareusingthesechickenstoseeiftheWestNilevirus(病毒)isstillaround.Thevirusi

nfectsbirds,sothechickenshaveachanceofcatchingthevirusandfallill.TheWestNilevirusisspreadamonghumans.ItkilledsevenpeopleinNewYorklastyear.（北京海淀一模C篇

）WhyareCanadianofficialsplacingchickensalongtheborder?A.Tohelpcleanuptheborder.B.Toseeifthevirusisstillaro

und.C.Toprotectthechickensfromfallingill.D.Tomakesurethatthebirdscanfindfood.3.FewofushaveheardofNilsB

ohlin,butwheneverwetakeacarjourneyhisinventionmakesussafer.Foundinalmosteverymodemcar,thethree-pointseatbeltreducesourchancesofdeathorinjury(伤害）

byatleast50%.WhilefeelingthankfultothisengineerfromVolvo,youmayalsowonderhowhecameupwithsuchagreatidea.（北京朝阳一模C篇）Three-poi

ntseatbeltsreducechancesofdeathorinjurybyatleast_________.A.10%B.30%C.40%D.50%参考答案：BBD题型题型二：推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能

力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.

Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，

动作和语言进行推断3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题练习1.However,somehowitseemsrudeorperhapsmakespeoplefeelthatyou'reupsettosaytopeople“I'mgoingtogoandspendsometim

ebymyself.”Andoftenwhenwearespendingtime‘alone’,weareactuallyconnectedwithapieceofelectricalequipment.Wetrytomakesomethingint

oaFacebookoraTweettoattractourfriends,orwescroll(滚屏)throughFacebooknosingintootherpeople’slivesorseeingwhatfriendsareupto.We

judgeourselvesandotherpeoplebythephotostheyputonline,sowecantellhowmuchfuntheyarehavingcomparedtous.Thisisanagewhenwecangets

omuchsurfaceinformationaboutotherpeople'slives,butbeingwrapped（包裹）upinwhatotherpeoplearedoingoralwaysthinkingabou

totherpeople’srecognition(认可)ofuscanbequiteunhealthy.Perhapsthesedaysforgetaboutthesimplepleasureofspendingtimejustfo

rus.（北京东城一模D篇）Thewriteragrees___________.A.It’simportanttoknowwhatotherpeoplethinkofusB.itsharmfultoalwayscompareourselveswithothersC.technologyhel

psustojudgeandimproveourselvesD.technologyhelpsustoknowaboutotherpeopleclearly2.“Perfectionistkidsareoftend

rivenbyparents.”Asaparent,seewhetheryouarepushingyourchildtofeellikeshecan'tmakeasinglemistake.Doyoutalkabouttopschoolseveryday?Do

youmakeahugedealoutofagradethatisn'tanA?“Youcanaskyourchild,‘WhydoyouthinkyouhavetogetstraightA's?”,Franksays.The

re'smoretolife.Parentscanoffertheirchildrenopportunitiestohavefun.“Modelhardwork,relaxation,laughter,andjoy,”hesays.“It'snotwhatyousaytokids,it'sho

wyoulive.”（北京东城二模D篇）Whatsuggestiondoesthewritergivetotheparentsofperfectionistchildren?A.Choosingtopschoolsfor

theirchildren.B.Doingsomethingenjoyablewiththeirchildren.C.Preventingtheirchildrenfrommakingmistakes.D.Offeringaloto

fhelpwiththeirchildren'sstudy.3.WhilethereareclearlybothadvantagesanddisadvantageswhenitcomestoApple’slatestinvent

ion,Ipersonallylikemysingle-purposewatchthatsimplytellsmethetime!Whataboutyou?Wouldyoubeinterestedinhavingasmartwatch?（北京海淀二模C篇）Fromthepassage,wec

anlearnthatthewriter_______.A.worriesaboutthesafetyofthesmartwatchB.thinkshighlyoftheprogressoftechnologyC.introducesthenewestkindofsmartphon

esD.preferssingle-purposewatchesthattellthetime参考答案：BBD题型题型三：词义猜测题解释单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。设题方式1

.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“„”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题

技巧1.通过因果关系猜测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3.通过构词法猜测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5.通过描述猜测词义6.用知识和生活经验猜测词义7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义典题练习1.Theseday

stherearelotofpossibilitiestobealwaysconnectedtofamilyandfriends.NowthatIhavejustmovedloFrance,thiscanbeveryconvenient.I

canringmysisterwholivesinLosAngelesonViber,orIcanSkypemyparentsorfriendsbackinEnglandforachat.However,sometimestheconvenie

ntanddependabilityoftechnologycanbeintrusive.（北京东城一模D篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrusive”probablymean?A.Interrupt

iveB.Helpful.C.Unsatisfactory.D.Important.2.Inallthesecasestokeepupgoodneighborliness,someunderstandingbetweentheneighborsisimportant.Smalldi

fferencescanbeeasilypatcheduporworkedout.Trytobefriendlyandtheproblemwillnotbedifficulttosolve.Carecanattimesplayagoodpartandhelptheneighborsinasma

llorbigway.Nobodyisperfectanditisbetternottospeakillofyourneighbors.Acheerfulword,anodorasmalltalkwillstrengthenthefeelingofgoo

dneighborliness.Whatdoesthesentence“Smalldifferencescanbeeasilypatcheduporworkedout.”inParagraph4probablymean?（北

京海淀一模D篇）A.Praisingotherscanhelptobegoodneighbors.B.Unimportantdisagreementcanbeeasilysolved.C.Onecaneasilymakegooduseofsmalla

rguments.D.Nobodycanbeperfectenoughtospeakillofothers.3.Bothcompaniesandindividuals（个人）canbenefitfromtelework.Onebenefitforcompaniesisthatitcansave

money.Itcanalsohelpimprovemorale.Thisisbecauseworkerswhohavechoicesabouthowtheyworkareoftenhappier.Ifworkersarehappier,theyarelikelytodobetterjob

s.Thisisgoodforthecompany.Asforindividuals,theycansavemoneybycuttingdowntheirtransportationcosts.Theyalsosavetimebecausetheydonothavetogotot

heofficeeveryday.Dependingonhowoftentheyworkfromhome,telecommuterscansavebetween15and25workdayseveryyear.（北京东城二模C篇）Whatdoesthe

underlinedword“morale”probablymean?A.Health.B.Abilities.C.Spirits.D.Wealth.参考答案：ABC题型题型四：主旨大意题解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。设题方式1

.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout

_____.3.问目的，态度：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.浏览文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨

句2.浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题练习1.Isthisasmartinventionortechnologygonetoofar?WhiletheApplewatchisstylishinappearance,Ican’thelpbutq

uestioncertainaspects（方面）ofthenewdevice.Isitapositivethingtobeabletoreceivemessagesthroughawatch,oristhisanotherwayoflettingtech

nologyupsetoursociallives?（北京海淀二模C篇）Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheAppleWatch：TheLatestInventionB.TheAppleWatch：Smart

andFashionableC.TheAppleWatch：TechnologyGoneTooFar?D.TheAppleWatch：AConvenientWaytoExercise?2.Havingsaidallthat,Ialsothinkthat

spendingtoomuchtimebyyourselfcanseparateyoufromothers.Isupposeitisimportanttofindagoodbalancebetweenspendingvaluabletimebyyourselfandwithotherpe

ople.（北京东城一模D篇）What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Istechnologyreallygoodforus?B.Howcanwekeepintouchwithothers?C.Whatisthebestwaytoenjoyou

rselves?D.Dowespendenoughtimetrulybyourselves?2015hasbeendecidedtobetheYearofFestivalsinMalaysia—sothere’sneverbe

enabettertimetovisitMalaysiathannow.Justturnthepagetoseesomeoftheimportanteventstakingplaceoverthenext12months.Andformoreinformationontravel

ingtoMalaysia,pleasevisitwww.tourism.gov.my.（北京朝阳二模C篇）Whatisthewriter’spurposeinthepassage?A.ToencourageustovisitMalays

ia.B.Toreportsomeinterestingfestivals.C.Tosharehisownexperience.D.Tointroduceaforeigncountry.参考答案：CDA北京中考阅读理解CD

篇分类练习日常生活类（北京中考C篇）AreYouRightHandedorLeftHanded?Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhav

etousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,tr

ythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.语篇练习Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrang

etousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedfo

rusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanu

setheirlefthandtowrite.Whatcausespeopletobelefthandedorrighthanded?Expertshavesearchedlongandhardonthis.They

conclude（得出结论）thatleft-handedpeoplearelefthandedforthesamereasonthatright-handedpeoplearerighthanded.Oneoutofev

erytenpeoplejustisaleft-handedpeoplearerighthanded.Oneoutofeverytenpeoplejustisaleft-hander.It’ssimplylikethecol

orofoureyes–somepeoplehavebrowneyes,whilesomeothershaveblackeyes.However,mayresearchersthinkthatleft-handersandright-handersaredifferentinsom

easpects.Right-handersaremoretalkativeandoutgoingthanleft-handers.Manyright-handedpeopleunderstandspokenwordsbetter.Forexam

ple,aftertheylistentodirectionstoasupermarket,theycanfinditeasily.Right-handersaregoodatorganizingpeople,too.Theyarealso

betterbasketballguards.JustaskYaoMing.Researchshowsthatleft-handersarecreativeandartistic.Manyfamousp

erformers,likeJimCarreyandPaulMcCartney,arelefthanded.Manyleft-handerslearnbettervisually（在视觉方面）.Inart,bothLeonardodaVinciandMichelangelowereleftha

nded.Inmusic,LudwigvanBeethovenwaslefthanded.Inscience,youfindNewtonandEinstein.Theleft-handedpeoplearealsoreallygoodattennisan

dothersinglesports.Ifyoupreferonehand,butyouarestillgoodatwritingwiththeother,youaremixed.Researchshowsmixed-ha

nderscanremembereverydaythingsbetterthanotherpeople.Whatdidyoueatforlunchtwoweeksago?Ifyou’remixedhanded,youcanprobablyremember.1.Ifright-ha

nderscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurtB.giveupcuttingC.feelawkwardD.changetheirtools2.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Ca

usesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.3.Accordingtothepas

sage,right-handers.A.learnbettervisuallyB.aregoodorganizersC.arebetteratsinglesportsD.givecleardirectionstoothers4.Fromthe

passage,wecanlearnthatleft-handers.A.maybemoretalkativeandoutgoingB.areordinarypeoplelikeright-handersC.mightremembereverydayt

hingsbetterD.nolongerneedtouseright-handedtools北京中考D篇ShouldChildrenBeAllowedtoGetBored?Childrenneedtimetostandandstare.Theyshouldbeallo

wedtogetboredtothattheycandeveloptheirabilitytobecreative.Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowstha

titmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,

butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedw

ithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Sya

lsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittl

emoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthoursloo

kingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldt

hinkfreely.Dr.Beltonisanexpertontheeffectsofemotionsonlearning.“Boredomcouldbeanuncomfortablefeeling,”shesaid.“Butsomeyou

ngpeoplecannotdealwiththatboredomcreatively.Sosometimestheymaybreakaclassroomwindow,ordriveacaroutforamadrace.”Usually,whenchildren

havenothingtodo,theywouldturnontheTV,thecomputer,orthephone.Theirtimeonthesethingshasincreased,yettheyneedtohavetim

etothinkabouttheirexperiencesthroughplayorjustwatchingtheworldaroundthem.Itisthiskindofthinkingthatcaninspiretheima

gination.Ontheotherhand,theTVorphonemaycutshortthethinkingprocess.Thatcanbeharmfultothedevelopmentofcreativity.“Fordevelopingtheability

tobecreative,”Dr.Beltonadvised,“perhapsweneedtostandandstare,andstayoff-linefromtimetotime.”1.Whatdoestheword“h

amper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown.B.Keepupwith.C.Gobeyond.D.Giveriseto.2.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.st

ressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondev

elopingcreativity3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Boredomprovideschildrenwithspacetothinkfreely.B.It’smuchbetterforchildren

tobebusythanbebored.C.Boredomhelpschildrendealwithdifficultiesproperly.D.It’sboringforchildrentothinkabouttheirexperiences.北京东城一模C篇Wonderisabook

aboutaten-year-oldboycalledAugust,orAuggie,whofeelsnormalbutlooksverydifferent.What’sWonderabout?AuggieliveswithhisparentsandsisterinNewYork.Heisa

normalboyinmanyways.HeridesabikeandlikesplayingwithhisXbox.ButAuggiehasdeformities(畸形）ofthefaceandlooksverydifferentfromoth

erchildren.Atthestartofthebook,hetellsus"MynameisAugust.Iwon'tdescribewhatIlooklike.Whateveryou'rethinking,it’sprobablyworse."Inthestreet,peoplel

ookatAuggieandarefrightened.Auggiehasneverbeentoschoolbecausehehasspentalotoftimeinhospital.Hismotherteacheshimathome.

Butnowhe’sten,shethinksheshouldgotoschool.Atfirst,Auggiedoesn’twanttogo.Heworriesthatotherstudentswilllookathimandsayt

erriblethings.Butwhenhevisitsaschoolwithhismum,helikestheheadteacheranddecidestogo.Auggie’sfirstyearatschoolhasgoodtimesandbadtimes.Hemakessom

egoodfriendsbutotherchildrenarerudetohim.Attheendoftheyear,Auggiegoesonaschooltripandafrighteningeventt

herechangesthingscompletely.Isitagoodbook?Wonderisanexcellentbook,Ittellsanexcitingstorythatmakesyoufeelmanydifferentemotions.ItiseasytolikeAuggie.H

ehasagoodsenseofhumour,sothebookhasagoodmixoffunnyandsadmoments.Butthebookisn’tjustaboutAuggie.Wealsole

arnwhatlifeforhissister,andhisfriend,Jack.Wonderispopularwithpeopleofallages.Pre-teens,teenagersandadultsalllovethebook.Abests

ellerWonderisRJPalacio’sfirstbook.Onherwebsite,sheexplainsthatshehadtheideaforWonderafterseeingagirlwithdeformitiesonth

estreetoneday.Manyschoolsusethebooktostartdiscussionsaboutbullying,friendshipandbeingdifferent.Thebookisverypopula

randhaswonprizes.ManypeoplearelookingforwardtoseeingwhatRJPalaciowritesnext.1.HowisAuggiedifferentfromotherboys?A.Hisname

isspecial.B.Hisfaceshapeisnotnormal.C.Hedoesn’tgotoschool.D.HelikesplayingwithhisXbox.2.Whydoesn’tAuggiewanttogotoschoola

tfirst?A.Becausehehastostayinhospital.B.Becausehismotherteachesbetterthanteachers.C.Becausehedoesn’tthinkheshouldgotoschool.D.Becau

seheisafraidotherstudentsmaymakefunofhim.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthebook?A.Ittellsthestoryofarealfamily.B.Manyschoolsuseittoeducatestudents.C.Adultsli

kethebookmorethanchildren.D.Theemotionsofthestoryarehardtounderstand.北京西城一模C篇Askids,welearnhowtowrite,maybeplayamusicalinstrumentanddr

aw.Sowhydon’twelearntocode(编码)computerprogramstoo?Whatcodinghasincommonwithwriting,playingmusicandcreatingartisthat

itletsyoubringyourideastolife.Codingisallaboutcreativityandthat’swhyIloveit.CreatingwithcodeCoderDojohelpsyoungpeoplearoundtheworldt

olearncomputerprogrammingforfree.WhenIwenttomyfirstCoderDojoclassinDublinCityUniversityinIreland,atagenine,Ididn’tknowanythingaboutc

odingorevenwhatitwas.ButIremembermakingmyveryfirstwebpagethatfirstday,andbeingsurprisedthatIcouldcreatesucha

thing.ItwasagreatfeelingthatIthinkeveryyoungpersonshouldexperience!BygoingtoCoderDojoeveryweek,Ilearnedhowtomakewebsites,appsandgames.Oneofmyappsis

calledAuto-Journalist.Itcanhelpjournalists(记者)andintervieweesdointerviewseveniftheyarebothreallybusyorliveindiffe

renttimezones.Itisstillindevelopment,andIhaveshoweditatalleventcalledCoolestProjectsAwards,whereyoungpeoplegettoshowthepublicwhatthe

yhavecreatedwithcode.It’ssomuchfuntoshareone’screations,andtoseewhateveryoneelsehasmadetoo.Learningen

vironmentForthepastthreeyearsIhavealsobeenhelpingtoteachotheryoungpeopleatCoderDojoDCU.InrecentyearsIhavealsonotice

dmanymoregirlsattendingCoderDojoDCUtotryoutcoding.ThishasalottodowiththeCoderDojogirls’classes—girlsa

ndyoungwomentakepartinitwiththeirfriends，anditdoesn’tfeellikecodingisa“boything”.Itisreallywonderfultoseethi

s,becauseweneedmoregirlsandwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMaths).It’sagoodwaytolearnmoreabouttechnology.St

artearlyOneofthemainthingsIhavelearnedinthelastfewyearsisthatcodingisnotonlyforadults,codingisforyoungpeople,too.Andwhenyouareachilditisa

greattimetostartcoding,becauseyourimaginationisthelimitforwhatyoucancreate!Wanttolearnmore?FindoutifthereisaCoderDojonearyouatwww.

Coderdojo.comorsetoneupyourself!AlsocheckoutCode.orgwhichhaslotsoffundrag-and-dropcodinggames.1.Inthewriter’sfirstc

odingclass,she_______.A.madeappsandgamesB.createdawebpageC.wrotefornewspapersD.didsomeinterviews2.Whydomoregirlsbegintolearncoding?A.Therearecodin

gclassesforgirls.B.Girlswanttolearna“boything”.C.TherearemoregirlsinSTEM.D.Girlscanmeetcoolboysthere.3.Whatdoesthewriterthi

nkofcoding?A.Itisbetterthanplayingmusic.B.Itlimitschildren’simagination.C.Itstopspeoplefromlearningfast.D.

Ithelpschildrenwiththeircreativity.4.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?A.StartCodingasEarlyasPossibleB.ComeforFuninCoderDo

joClassC.KidsShouldHaveChancestoLearntoCodeD.STEMISCallingforMoreGirlsandWomen北京海淀一模D篇Livingnexttonextisthep

rinciple(原则)ofaneighbor.Goodneighborlinessistheidealtobeaimedat.Asthesayinggoes,nomanisanisland;hehas

tolivewithhisneighbors.Tomakelifeeasyandpleasant,hemustcooperatewithhisneighbors.Whetheronelikesitornot,onecannotdowithoutn

eighbors.Normallyonemaythinkhecandowithoutneighborsbecausehecanmanageallcomfortsandservices,sotheservicesortheneedforafriendmaynothappe

n.However,thesympathy(同情),admirationandappreciationwhichaneighbormayofferwillhaveagreathumanizinginfluence.Toshareone’sviewandsometimesevens

adness,oneneedssomeneighbors.Butallneighborsarenotalwayskeepingthefriendlyrelationship.Stressesandtension(紧张)dev

elopbecauseofmisunderstanding.Veryoftenchildrenmaybethecausefortensefeelings.Theneighbor’ssonmaypickaflowerorafruitfr

omyourgardenandanargumentmayfollow.Againhemaythrowhisballatyourwindowbreakingit.Thesearecommoncasessofarastheyoungeroneisconcernedbutitisfort

heelderstoviewthemwithcalmnessandmakeupforit.Thismayreadeasyonpaperbutnotsoinreallife.Butbeingbroadminded,onemustbeablet

otolerate(容忍).Anotherreasonfortensionmaybetheanimals.Yourneighbor’sdogmaybearealtroubleorhischickenswouldcomeintoyourgardenan

deatawayyourplants.Inallthesecasestokeepupgoodneighborliness,someunderstandingbetweentheneighborsisimportant.Smalldifferencescanbeeasilypatchedu

porworkedout.Trytobefriendlyandtheproblemwillnotbedifficulttosolve.Carecanattimesplayagoodpartandhelptheneighbor

sinasmallorbigway.Nobodyisperfectanditisbetternottospeakillofyourneighbors.Acheerfulword,anodorasmalltalkwillstre

ngthenthefeelingofgoodneighborliness.Neighborlinessisnotonlyforpeoplebutitisalsolargelyimportantbetweenneighboringcountries.Historyhasgotalottot

eachonthis.Unlesscountrieslearntoliveasgoodneighbors,therecannotbepeaceonearth.Sochildrenmustbetaughtathomeandi

ntheschooltocooperatewiththeneighborsandbefriendlywiththem.Thebasicruleistogiveandtakeandtodevelopasensethattheothe

rmanhasasmuchrightasyoudo,andsomedegreeoftoleranceisverynecessary.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Oneisoftenneededbyhisfamily.B.N

oonelikestobealoneonanisland.C.Everyonehastolivewithhisneighbors.D.Everyonelivesaneasyandpleasantlife.2.Whichofthefollow

ingmaycausemisunderstanding?A.Hobbiesandhabits.B.Childrenandpets.C.Sportsandgames.D.Likesanddislikes.3.Whatdoesthesen

tence“Smalldifferencescanbeeasilypatcheduporworkedout.”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Praisingotherscanhelptobegoodneighbors.B.Unimportant

disagreementcanbeeasilysolved.C.Onecaneasilymakegooduseofsmallarguments.D.Nobodycanbeperfectenoughtospea

killofothers.4.Inthepassage,thewritertriesto____.A.showtheimportantofgettingonwithneighborsB.teachthebasicrulesofbehavingwellathomeC.explaint

hereasonsoflearningteamworkD.introducewaysofbeingabetterperson北京朝阳一模D篇EatingTogetherAftermymotherpassedawayandmybrotherwenttostudyinNewZealand,th

efirstthingthatreallyfeltdifferentwasthedinnertable.MyfatherandIbeganeatingseparately.Wewentouttodinnerswithourfriendsorjustatesandwiches

infrontofourcomputers.Then,afewweeksbeforeIwassettoleaveforuniversity,myfatherwalkeddownstairs.“Youknow,Ithinkweshouldst

arteatingtogetherevenifit’sjustyouandme,”hesaid.“Yourmotherwouldhavewantedthat.”Itwasn’tperfect—themealswemadeweren’tamazingandwemi

ssedMomandmybrother.Buttherewassomethingspecialaboutsettingasidetimetobewithmyfather.Itwasacomfortablemomenttogetawayfrombusyday

s：anexcusetotalk,tothinkabouttheday,andrecentevents.Eatingtogetherwasasmallact,anditneededverylittleofus—andyetitwassurelyoneofthehappiestpa

rtsofmyday.Sadly,Americanshardlyeattogetheranymore.Infact,mostAmericanfamiliesreporteatingasinglemealtogetherlessthanfivedaysaweek.It’sapi

tythatsomanyAmericansaremissingoutonthemeaningfultimewiththeirlovedones,andit’sevenmorethanthat.Noteatingtogethera

lsohasnegative(消极的）effectsbothphysicallyandpsychologically(心理上地）.Childrenwhodonoteatdinnerwiththeirparentsatleasttwiceaweekwe

re40%morelikelytobeoverweightcomparedtothosewhodo.Andstudentswhodonoteatwiththeirparentsaremorelikelytobetruantatschool.Justtheopposite,childrenwho

doeatdinnerwiththeirparentsfiveormoredaysaweekarelesslikelytorunawayfromschoolwithoutreason.Theyalsoreportbeingcloserwiththeirpar

entsthanchildrenwhoeatdinnerwiththeirparentslessoften,accordingtoastudyconductedbytheNationalCenterat

ColumbiaUniversity.Thenhowdoweeatbetter,notjustfromanutritionalperspective(营养角度),butfromapsychologicaloneaswell?Perhapsseeingeatingtog

etherasanopportunitytogetawaywithstress,achancetocatchupwiththosewhomwelovecouldhelpourchildrendobetterinscho

ol,getinbettershape,andbelesslikelytohaveproblems.Eatingtogetheralsoleadschildrentoreportbetterrelationships

withtheirparentsandsurelyrelationshipsbetweenadultscansimilarlybenefit.Sotryeatingtogether,andyou’llfindit’stotallyworthit.1.Accor

dingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.MostAmericanssharemeaningfultimewiththeirlovedones.B.Thewriterlikesgoingouttoeatsandwicheswithfriends

andparents.C.Eatingtogetherwithparentsisabigeventandneedslotsofpreparation.D.Childrenwhodon'teatdinnerwithparen

tsaremorelikelytobeoverweight.2.Theunderlinedpart“betruantatschool”probablymeans“________”.A.beabsentfromschoo

lB.bepleasedatschoolC.bepresentatschoolD.bedisappointedinschool3.ThewriterprobablyagreesthatA.eatingtogetherdoesn’t

havegoodeffectsonadultsB.it’simportantfortheyoungtoeattogetherwithparentsC.it’stotallyworthspendingmuchmoneyineati

ngtogetherD.peoplewhoeattogetheroftenarelikelytohaveproblems北京东城二模C篇TelecommutingFormostpeople,ausualworkdaymeanswakingup,

eatingbreakfast,drivingtotheoffice,workingforabout8hoursandthendrivingbackhome.Butnotallworkershavethisexperience.Manypeopleworkfr

omtheirhomes.Thiskindofworkiscalledtelecommutingortelework.Apersonwhotelecommutesiscalledatelecommuter.Peoplehav

eworkedintheirhomesforthousandsofyears.Butthemodernideaoftelecommutingstartedintheearly1970s.Improvementsintechno

logy,especiallynetworkingtechnology,helpedsupportthedevelopmentoftelework.Ascommunicationtechnologybecamecheaperandmorepowerful,telecomm

utingbecamemoreofachoiceforworkers.Bothcompaniesandindividuals（个人）canbenefitfromtelework.Onebenefitforcompaniesisthatitcansavemoney

.Itcanalsohelpimprovemorale.Thisisbecauseworkerswhohavechoicesabouthowtheyworkareoftenhappier.Ifworkersarehappi

er,theyarelikelytodobetterjobs.Thisisgoodforthecompany.Asforindividuals,theycansavemoneybycuttingdowntheirtransportation

costs.Theyalsosavetimebecausetheydonothavetogototheofficeeveryday.Dependingonhowoftentheyworkfromhome,telecommuterscansavebetween15and25workdayseve

ryyear.Eventhoughtherearemanybenefitstotelework,therearealsosomedisadvantages.Managersareworriedaboutlosingcontrolofthework

ers.Iftheworkerisnotintheoffice,managersdon'tknowwhattheyaredoing.Teleworkcanalsobebadforaperson'sworkinglife.Managersaremorelik

elytogiveapromotion（升职）toworkersthattheyseeeveryday,sotelecommutershavelesschanceofgettingpromotedthanregularworkers.Astelecommutersoftenworkalone,a

notherbadeffectoftelecommutingisseparationfromotherpeople.Telecommutinghasaplaceinthesocietytoday.He

lpedbymorepowerfultechnologies,teleworkersofthefuturewillbeabletocommunicateinnewandimprovedways.Thisw

illmaketeleworkbetterandmakesurethatitwillhaveamoreimportantplaceinthefuture.1.Whatdoestelecommutingmean?A.Drivingtowork

.B.Workingfromhome.C.Workinginanoffice.D.Workingfor8hoursaday.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“morale”probablymean?A.Health.B.Abili

ties.C.Spirits.D.Wealth.3.What'soneofthedisadvantagesoftelecommuting?A.Itmakesaworkerunfitandupset.B.Itmakesawo

rkeruninterestedinhisjob.C.Itmakesaworkerhavelesschanceofpromotion.D.Itmakesaworkerhaveworsecontrolo

fhistime.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Teleworkwillgetimprovedinthefuture.B.Teleworkhasahistoryofhundredsofyears.C.Teleworkersworkfo

rmoredayseveryyear.D.Teleworkersaregoodatcommunicatingwithothers.北京西城二模C篇KidsSpeakUpInanonlinepoll(投票),TIMEFORKID

SandKidsHealth.orgaskedkidshowtheyaregettingalongwiththeirparents.Here’swhattheytoldus.GettingAlongandHavingFunAbouttwoouto

fthreekidssaidtheygetalongverywellwiththeirparents.Aboutfouroutoffivetoldustheyhavefunwiththeirparents.Butthatdoesn’tmeantheyneverdi

sagree.Infact,mostkidsreportedarguingwiththeirparentssometimes.“It’scommontodisagreeandargue,”saysD’

ArcyLyness,achildpsychologist(心理学家).“Butit’salsoimportanttolearnhowtodosorespectfully.”Abouthalfofthekidssaidtheya

redoingthat.Whentheydisagreewiththeirparents,theysaytheyhaveadiscussioncalmly.Buttwooutoffivekidssaidargumentsal

waysinvolveshoutingateachother.Lynesspointsoutthatshoutingneverhelps.“Speakup,andletyourparentsknowyourideas,”sheadvises.“Butbepatient.Don’

tusearaised,angryvoice.”Notsurprisingly,threeoutoffourkidsadmitted(承认)tolyingattimes.Manysaidtheylietoavoidget

tingintroubleordisappointingtheirparents.AccordingtoLyness,lyingisn’tjustwrong.Itcanactuallygetbadresults.Tellingthetruthbuildstrust.“Whenparentsc

antrustyou,theyaremorelikelytogiveyoumorefreedom.”shesays.AChangingRelationshipKidsages12to14notonly

saidtheyliemore,buttheyalsoreportedhavinglessfun,feelinglessclose,andnotgettingalongaswellwiththeirparents.A

ccordingtoLyness,thosefeelingsarenotuncommon.Askidsgrowup,theyhavemoredisagreementsorargumentswiththeirparents.Butitdoesn’thavetobethatway.“

Kidsandparentsgetalongdifferentlyatdifferenttimesofthejourneyoflife,”shesays.Askidsgrowandchange,itis

importantforeverybodytoadapt(适应).“There’sadanceofwaysthatyouactwithothersandgetalong,”shepointsout.“Thenthere’

sachange,andit’sadifferentdance.”Changeisnormal,shestresses.Sharethisstorywithyourfamily.Youmayfindthatyouhavealottotalkabout.1.Accordingtothepo

ll,howmanykidsgetalongverywellwiththeirparents?A.About4/5.B.About2/3.C.About1/2.D.About2/5.2.WhatdoesLynessadvisekidstodowhenargu

mentshappen?A.Listentotheirparentscalmly.B.Trytounderstandtheirparents.C.Voicetheiropinionswithpatience.D.Tella

whitelietoavoidproblems.3.AccordingtoLyness,whichisapossiblewayforkidstogetmorefreedom?A.Totellthetruth.B.Tocaremoreaboutth

eirparents.C.Tomakelesstrouble.D.Tohaveatalkwiththeirparents.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Disagreementsbetweenparents

andkidsareavoidable.B.Kidsages12to14liemorebecausetheyhavelessfun.C.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandkidsstaysthesame.D.Bothparentsandkidssh

ouldmakechangestogetonwell.北京西城二模D篇Travellingwithyourbelongsonyourback,orbackpackingisself-plannedbudget(预算)touringusinglow-

costtransport,andoftengoingonfoot.Backpackersdon’tcarrysuitcasesorstayinpriceyhotels.Instead,theywalkaroundwithbackpacksfilledwitheverythingtheyn

eed,readytosleepunderthestarsifnecessary.Withtheirlimitedbudget,theyneedtochooselodgings(住宿)andtransportbasedonanoldsaying—

thelowertheprice,thebetter.Thelure(吸引力)ofadventurehasmadebackpackingapopulartravelstyleamongyoungpeopleandstudentswhoareseldomownersoffatwa

llets.Theypreferexploringaplacebythemselves,withonlyaprintedmap,orasmartphoneonhand.“Apackagetourmaysuitafamily’sneeds,butit’snotmycupoftea,”saysBe

ttyLam,whowentbackpackinginNewZealandwiththreefriendslastsummer.“Iwanttoexploreaplaceaccordingtomychoice,mytimetableandmyself.”Werethereanyparticu

larlymemorableeventsonthetrip?“Once,thetraintoAucklandwasputoffandtwoofourgroupwerehungry,sotheyleftthei

rbackpackswithusandwenttoanearbyshoptobuysomethingtoeat.IstillrememberthescenewithTammyandmerunningflatouttocatchthetrain,carry

ingfourhugebackpacks.Theothertwowereracingbehindusasthey’dpanickedwhentheysawthetraingettingreadytopullawayfromthestation

.IheldthetraindooropenwhileTammywasshouting.“Quick—jumpin!”SusiecameinheadfirstwithJunelandingonthetopofherlikeasackofpotatoes!

Itwassofunny!”Sowasthetripworthalltheeffort?“Definitely.True,wehadafewquarrels(争吵);wehavedifferentinterests,anditwasn’teasytopleaseeverybod

y.Butwemanagedtoreachacompromise(妥协)everytime.Travellingwithfriendshelpsyoulearnaboutgettingonwithpeopleandworkingtog

ether.Allofushadgainedalotbytheendoftheholiday—thefourofushadbecomereallygoodbuddies.”Whatshouldbackpackersalwayscarrywiththem?Bettyla

ughs—“nottoomuch!Comfortablewalkingshoesareimportant.Araincoatisnecessaryandbringsomepracticalclothes.”So,isthateverythin

gtobearinmind?“Well,yesandno,becauseyoucan’tprepareenough.Youneedmuchinformationaboutwhereyou’regoingtostay

,transport,food,etc.Mostimportantly,youmusthaveinsurance(保险)—justincaseyourmoney,passportorbackpackgetst

olen,oryougetsick.Taketimeplanningandyou’llhavefunsafely.”1.Whatdobackpackersusuallydo?A.Stayinpriceyhotels.B.Facealotofdangers.C.Spendmuchmoney.D.C

hoosecheaptransport.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBettyistrue?A.Bettypreferredtravellingwithherfamilyonholidays.B.Thefriendshipimprovedas

aresultoftheiradventures.C.OnlyhalfofBetty’sgroupcaughtthetraintoAuckland.D.BettytouredNewZealandwithbackpackersshemetthere.3.What’sthema

inpurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveussomeadviceonbackpacking.B.TotellusaboutBetty’stravellingstory.C.Tointroduceahottravelstyle,backpacking.D.Toencou

rageustotravelwithlessmoney.北京海淀二模C篇Forthosewhohaven’theardofit,theApplewatchisthelatestinventionfromthecreatorsoftheiPhoneandAppleMac.Asthenamesu

ggests,thiscreationisadevice（装置）designedtotellusthetime.ThisisApple,however,andanApplewatchisneverjustawatch.Notonlydoesi

tshowusthetime,butitalsoactsasafitnessmonitorandamessagingdevicethatcanbeconnectedwithaniPhone.Isthisasmartinven

tionortechnologygonetoofar?WhiletheApplewatchisstylishinappearance,Ican’thelpbutquestioncertainaspects（方面）ofthenewdevice.Isitapositiveth

ingtobeabletoreceivemessagesthroughawatch,oristhisanotherwayoflettingtechnologyupsetoursociallives?Thankstothei

nventionofthesmartwatch,wewillnolongerhavetoreachforourphonestocheckourmessages.Imaginethepossibleresults.Agroupoffri

endssittingatatableinarestaurantwilloverlookeachotheraseveryonewillbetoobusywatchingtheirwristsinexpectationofanewmessage.Studentswil

lhaveawayofcheckingtheirinboxduringschool,despitethefactthatusingmobilephonesisnotallowedinclass.Thelistgo

eson.Althoughsmartwatchesmaymakecommunicatingthroughtechnologyeasier,itseemsthatusingthemcouldactuallyhinderfacetoface

communication.Muchlikeaphone,thewatchwouldalsoneedtobecharged（充电）everyday.Thisisyetanotheraspectofthedevicewhichsetsitapartfromany

“normal”watch.If,likeme,youstrugglewhenrememberingtoputyourphoneoncharge,thisisnotnecessarilyapositivething.Idohavetoagree,however,t

hewatchhassomeinterestingandpurposefulfunctions（功能）.Asafitnessmonitor,thedevicecanbeusedtocreateandrecordexerciseactivities.Thiscould

beofparticularinteresttooutdoorfans.WhilethereareseveralexistingAndroidAppsthatcanalreadydothis,IcanseethattheApplewatchwouldbeamoreconvenientw

ayofexercisingwithoutamobilephone.Thequestionremains,however,isthepriceworththebenefits?Whilethereareclearlybothadvantagesanddisadvantageswh

enitcomestoApple’slatestinvention,Ipersonallylikemysingle-purposewatchthatsimplytellsmethetime!Whataboutyou?Wouldyoubei

nterestedinhavingasmartwatch?1.ThankstotheinventionoftheApplewatch,_____.A.studentsdon’tusecomputersinclassB.mobilephonesdon’tneedtobecha

rgedC.messagescanbecheckedwithoutphonesD.outdooractivitieshavebecomemorepopular2.Theunderlinedword"hinder"inParagraph3probablymeans“_______”.A.makeup

B.holdbackC.dependonD.lookafter3.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatthewriter_______.A.worriesaboutthesafetyofthesmartwatchB.thinkshigh

lyoftheprogressoftechnologyC.introducesthenewestkindofsmartphonesD.preferssingle-purposewatchesthattellthetime4.Whatisprobablythebestti

tleforthispassage?A.TheAppleWatch：TheLatestInventionB.TheAppleWatch：SmartandFashionableC.TheAppleWatch：Tech

nologyGoneTooFar?D.TheAppleWatch：AConvenientWaytoExercise?北京海淀二模D篇CircleofKnowledgeMoststudentstodaydependonther

apidnessandconvenienceoftheInternettoprovidethefactstheylookfor.Givenaresearchtask,manystudentsmakeus

eofawebsiteknownasWikipedia,whichisavailable（可获得的）toallusersoftheInternet.However,beforetheintroductionoft

heInternet,studentsjourneyedtothelibrarytosearchforfacts,figuresandstoriesinahugecollectionofbookskn

ownasencyclopedias（百科全书）.Theword“encyclopedia”,meaning“wholecircleofknowledge”,comesfromtheancientGreeklanguage.Thefirstencyclopediaswere

organizedbytopic.Theseearlycollectionsweretheworksofasinglewriter.ThefirstbookofthiskindwaswrittenbyaRoman,PlinytheElder,nearly2,000years

ago.Pliny’scollectionremainedpopularforalmost1,500years.Producingsuchhugeworkswasadifficulttask.Soexpertsbegantoworktogether,sharingresponsibil

ityforwritingaboutdifferenttopics.ThefirstsetofbookstousemanyauthorswasAnUniversalDictionaryofArtsandSciencespublishe

din1728.Themultiple-authormodelbecamethemostwidelyusedformat.Todaytherearemanyencyclopediasindifferentme

dia.TheonlineencyclopediaWikipediawasstartedin2001.UserscanvisitthefreewebsiteontheInternet.Buttheonlineinformationhasmistakes.Us

ersarewarnedthatnewerarticlesmayhavelargemistakes.Printedencyclopediasaremoreorlessfreeofmistakes.However,itisexpensivetomakesureofthecorrectness.W

ikipediaistryingtoimproveitscorrectness.Theyemploy（雇用）1,000“factcheckers”tolookthroughthewebsiteandcorre

ctmistakes.Thewebsitemanagersalsostatethatolderarticlesaremorecompleteandbalanced.EncyclopediaBritannicahasevenmademovesawayfrombeingasingle-for

matbooktoo.Thecompanystartedafreeonlineversion.Thefreearticlesareshort;however,longerarticlesareavailableafteruserspa

yforthem.Bothonlineandprinteditions（版本）havedisadvantages.Themistakescanbecorrected,buttheprocesstakestime.Printeditionsareresistant（顽固的）tosuchm

istakes.Theyarealsoresistanttosomethingelse:change.Sometimesnewinformationbecomesavailableafteranencyclopediaisprinted.Publisherscanwaittoinclud

ethenewinformationinthenextedition,butthatmightbeayearormoreaway.Morechangesarelikelyforencyclopedias,whetherinprintoronline.Asti

megoesby,theknowledgeofhumankindwillstillneedtoberecorded,sorted,andstored.Thestoryofhowthatinformationwill

lookin20,50oreven100yearsisstillunwritten.1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thereadersofencyclopedias.B.Thejourneyto

thelibrary.C.Thehistoryofencyclopedias.D.Thechangetothelibrary.2.TheproblemofonlineencyclopediaWikiped

iamightbethat_______.A.theservicescosttoomuchB.newarticlescannotbefoundC.userscannotvisitthewebsiteD.theinformationhasmistakes3.Weca

nlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.thefuturelookofinformationisunknowntotheworldB.olderarticlesonthewebsiteareusuallyeasyandshortC.thefirsten

cyclopediasweretheworksofmanywritersD.printeditionsofencyclopediaschangeinformationfast4.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tosuggestreadingp

rintedencyclopedias.B.Toadvisepeopletouseonlineencyclopedias.C.Tosellsomeeditionsofencyclopediasonline.D.Tointroducethedevelopme

ntofencyclopedias.北京朝阳二模C篇Therearebasicallytwowaysofdrivingintheworld：ifthedriver'sseatisontheleftandcarstravelontherightsid

eoftheroad,itiscalled“left-handdriving”,asitisinChina;Instead,itiscalled“right-handdriving”,asitisinBritain.Nowadays,around65

%oftheworld'spopulationdrivesontherightoftheroad,whiletherestisusedtodrivingontheleft.Thoughnooneknowstheexactreasons,itseemslikelythatpeoplein

ancienttimestravelledontheleft.Romancoinsshowpicturesofhorsemenpassingoneachother'sright.Andright-handedpeople

generallygotonahorsefromtheanimal'sleft.Obviously,it'ssafertodothisattheleftsideoftheroad,soitmakessenseforthehorsetoberidde

nontheleft.Achangehappenedinthelate1700s.WhenNapoleonconquered（攻占）nations,heforcedthemtotravelontherightsideofth

eroad,whichspreadleft-handdrivingthroughoutEurope.However,Britainstillstuckwiththeright-handdrivingroleandcountrieswhichwerepartoftheBr

itishEmpireweremadetofollow.ThisiswhyIndia,AustraliaandtheformerBritishcolonies（前英国殖民地）inAfricacontinuetodriveontheleft.Oneexceptio

nisEgypt,asthatcountrywasdefeated(打败）byNapoleonbeforebecomingpartoftheBritishEmpire.Somecountrieschang

edsides'untilmoderntimes.Swedenonlymovedtodrivingontherightin1967andIcelandchangedthefollowingyear.Ghanachang

edsides'in1974.OnSeptember7,2009,Samoabecamethethirdcountryevertochangefromleft-toright-handdrivingforthereasonthat

itmadeiteasiertoimport(进口）cheapcarsfromright-handdrivingJapan,AustraliaandNewZealand.Soifyouwanttotraveltomothercountryorgoonbusiness,m

akesureyouknowwhetheritisleft-orright-handdrivingtoavoidunnecessarytroubles.1.Nowadays,______oftheworld'spopulationdri

vesontherightoftheroad.A.around74%B.around65%C.around19%D.around17%2.OnRomancoinswecanseepicturesofhorsemen______.A.travellingthroughoutEuropeB.pass

ingoneachother'srightC.practicingridinginthecountryD.gettingonthehorsesfromtheright3.Whichofthefollowingistr

ueaccordingtothepassage?A.Swedenchangedtodriveontherightin1974.B.PeopledriveontheleftsideoftheroadinEgypt.C.Na

poleonhelpedwiththespreadofleft-handdriving.D.Peoplehaveknowntheexactreasonsfordrivingontheleft.4.Whatisthewriter'spurpo

seforwritingthispassage?A.Toexplaintheadvantagesofthetwowaysofdriving.B.Tocomparethedifferencesofthetwowaysofdri

ving.C.Tointroducethedevelopmentofthetwowaysofdriving.D.Tocomplainaboutthechangeofthetwowaysofdriving.北京朝阳二

模D篇DoWeSayWhatWeThink?“It'srainingcatsanddogs!”AlthoughthissentenceisnotverycommoninEnglandanymore,itclearlyshowshowwedon'talwayssaywha

twemean.Onethingthatoftengivestroubletolanguagelearnersisthattheyunderstandeverywordinasentencebutthemeaningremainsunclear-likethissentencet

hatactuallymeans“It'srainingveryheavily!”.However,it'snotjustidioms（惯用语）thatcausedifficultiesforpeoplelearningEnglish.TheBritishareo

ftenconsideredtobepoliteandkeeptheirfeelingstothemselves,butthiscanbeveryconfusingfornon-nativespeakers.Weoftendon'tsaywhatwear

ethinking--infactweoftensaytheopposite!Here'sanexamplethatwillhopefullyexplainwhatImean,“Youshouldcomeroundfortea!”Isthis

arealinvitationoristhepersonjustbeingpolite?Generally,Britishpeoplearelessopenthanpeoplefromothercultures,sowearen'tquicktoinv

itepeopleintoourhomes.Thisphraseisoneofthosethatwesaybutoftendon'treallymean,sowhennofurtherdetails（细节）aregiven,youcanprobablythin

kitwasmadeinthenameofpoliteness!Buthowdoesthiscomparetoothercountries?WhenIlivedinIndia,lotsofpeoplewouldinvite

meintotheirhomesbutIalwaysassumedthattheywerejustbeingpolite.Ofcourse,Iwaswrong.Theinvitationswerealwaysfromthebo

ttomofhearts,andtheydidexpectmetovisitthem.Iwasalwayssurprisedbyhowwelcomingpeoplewere.Infact,IthinkIspen

tmoretimeatotherpeople'shousesthanmyown!Thissummer,whileworkinginAustria,oneofmyfriendsmademethinkaboutinvitationsagain.Shein

vitedmetojoinherandherboyfriendforamealout.Althoughtouchedbytheinvitation,Iimmediatelyhadthethoughtthatshew

asjustbeingpolite,soItoldherthatIdidn'twanttointerruptthem.Sherepliedwith,“”Thisremindedmeagainthatpolitenessdependsonwhichculturewe'rein.InEngland,w

eoftenthinkit'spolitetoofferorsuggestsomethingevenifwedon'tactuallywanttodoit,butinotherculturespeoplearemoredirect.PerhapsifEnglishpeopl

ejustsaywhattheywerethinking,thingswouldbealoteasier-especiallyforpeoplefromothercountries!1.Fromthepassagewecanle

arnthat______.A.it'simpolitetoinvitefriendstocomeroundforteainIndiaB.theBritishpolitenesscanmakenon-nativespeakersconfusedC.it'sonlyidiomsthatc

ausedifficultiesforpeoplelearningEnglishD.theBritishareveryopenandlikeinvitingpeopleintotheirhomes2.Theunderlinedword“assumed”inparag

raph3probablymeans“______”.A.imaginedB.provedC.regrettedD.explained3.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.A.peoplelearningEnglishshou

ldbedirecttosaywhattheythinkB.differentculturesleadtothedifferentrealizationonpolitenessC.itsverynec

essarytolearnaboutEnglishidiomstobepoliteD.livinginBritainismoredifficultthanitinothercountries社会现象类北京东城一模D篇Thesedaystherearelotofpossi

bilitiestobealwaysconnectedtofamilyandfriends.NowthatIhavejustmovedloFrance,thiscanbeveryconvenient.Icanringmysisterwholives

inLosAngelesonViber,orIcanSkypemyparentsorfriendsbackinEnglandforachat.However,sometimestheconvenientanddependabilityo

ftechnologycanbeintrusive.Eventhemostout-goingpeopleneedsome“downtime”tocalmdownontheirownandgetrelaxed.ThisissomethingthatIconsiderneces

saryandhealthy.Afterall,youhavetolivewithyourselffortherestofyourlife,soyou’dbetterknowhowtoenjoyyourowncompany.

Itcanbeagoodthingtohavetimetoyourselftocollectyourthoughtsandfreeyourfeelings.TodayIwentforawalkbymyselfaro

undthelakeandjustday-dreamed.Itwassorelaxingandenjoyableandhelpedmeletgoofmybademotions.However,somehowitseemsrudeorperhapsmak

espeoplefeelthatyou'reupsettosaytopeople“I'mgoingtogoandspendsometimebymyself.”Andoftenwhenwearespend

ingtime‘alone’,weareactuallyconnectedwithapieceofelectricalequipment.WetrytomakesomethingintoaFacebookoraTweettoattractourfriends,orwes

croll(滚屏)throughFacebooknosingintootherpeople’slivesorseeingwhatfriendsareupto.Wejudgeourselvesandotherpeoplebythephotostheyputonline,sowecantellhow

muchfuntheyarehavingcomparedtous.Thisisanagewhenwecangetsomuchsurfaceinformationaboutotherpeople'slives,butbeingwrapped（包裹）upinwhatot

herpeoplearedoingoralwaysthinkingaboutotherpeople’srecognition(认可)ofuscanbequiteunhealthy.Perhapsthesedaysforgetaboutthe

simplepleasureofspendingtimejustforus.Havingsaidallthat,Ialsothinkthatspendingtoomuchtimebyyourselfcanseparateyoufromothers.I

supposeitisimportanttofindagoodbalancebetweenspendingvaluabletimebyyourselfandwithotherpeople.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrusive”probab

lymean?A.InterruptiveB.Helpful.C.Unsatisfactory.D.Important.2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofbeingaloneproperly?A.It’stheonlywaytogetrelaxed.B.Itmakesot

herpeoplefeelupset.C.It’snecessaryandhealthyforpeople.D.Itmakesout-goingpeoplefeellonely.3.Thewriteragrees_________.A.It’simpo

rtanttoknowwhatotherpeoplethinkofusB.itsharmfultoalwayscompareourselveswithothersC.technologyhelpsustoj

udgeandimproveourselvesD.technologyhelpsustoknowaboutotherpeopleclearly4.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Ist

echnologyreallygoodforus?B.Howcanwekeepintouchwithothers?C.Whatisthebestwaytoenjoyourselves?D.Dowespendenoughtimetrulybyourselves?科

普环保类北京海淀一模C篇HealthofficialsinCanadaareverybusythesedays.Theyareplacingchickensatfixedpointsallalongtheir

2,500kmborder(边境)withtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.It’snotajoke,norhavetheCanadiansgonemad.Theyareusingthesechickenstosee

iftheWestNilevirus(病毒)isstillaround.Thevirusinfectsbirds,sothechickenshaveachanceofcatchingthevirusandfallill

.TheWestNilevirusisspreadamonghumans.ItkilledsevenpeopleinNewYorklastyear.Countriesaroundtheworldarerealizingthatitmayjustbepossibletostop

certainkindsofpeoplefromenteringtheirland.However,itisverydifficulttostopvirusestravelingfromoneendoftheearthtoanother.Whentheyt

raveltonewplaces,theygetusedtotheenvironmentveryeasilyandsometimesstartdestroyingthelocalplantandanimallife.Thesebiologicalpolluters

arecalledsmartpolluters.Thesesmartpolluterscanbecarriedacrossbordersofcountriesunknowingly.Justaswehumansaretravellingacrosstheworldmoreoftenth

anearlier,thesebiologicalpollutershavealsostartedjourneymuchmore.Theyslideintoairplanesthroughtheirwheels.Theydigintoobjectsthattravelers

maybecarryingfromonecountrytoanother.Therearesomegoodexamplesofhowthesepolluterswork.Thewaterhyacinth(水葫芦)ofSouthAmericaisbl

ockinglakesinChinaandAfrica.TreesnakesfromPapuaNewGuineaarebusyeatingupsomebirdsinthecountryofGuam,whichbreaksitsnaturalbalance.That’swhythecus

toms(海关)officialsinmanyforeigncountriespreventpeoplefrombringinginasmallplant,oranobjectmadeofwoodthatisinitsnaturalform.The

customsofficialshavetheserulesbecausethesevarieties(多样性)ofplantsarespecialtocertainplaces.Theplantshavethepowertospreadnewillness

esamongnativeplantsandanimals.Biologicalpollutersalwayscreateproblemsinplaceswheretheydonotbelong.Theycouldbespecialvar

ietiesofplants,bugsorevenanimals.1.WhyareCanadianofficialsplacingchickensalongtheborder?A.Tohelpclea

nuptheborder.B.Toseeifthevirusisstillaround.C.Toprotectthechickensfromfallingill.D.Tomakesurethatthebirdscanf

indfood.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Peoplefinditdifficulttotravelfromoneplacetoanother.B.Plantsalwayscreateproblems

inplaceswheretheybelong.C.Biologicalpollutersmaydestroythelocalplantandanimallife.D.Virusesspendalongtimegettingusedtothelocalen

vironment.3.Customsofficialsinmanycountriespreventpeoplefrombringingin____.A.chocolatesB.shoesC.picturesD.plants4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.LandPollutionB.TheWestNileVirusC.SmartPollutersD.TheWaterHyacinth北京朝阳一模C篇FewofushaveheardofNilsBohlin,b

utwheneverwetakeacarjourneyhisinventionmakesussafer.Foundinalmosteverymodemcar,thethree-pointseatbel

treducesourchancesofdeathorinjury(伤害）byatleast50%.WhilefeelingthankfultothisengineerfromVolvo,youmayalsowonderhowhecameupwithsuchagreatidea.Havin

gworkedasaplanedesignerbefore,Nilsknewclearlythatthepilotswerewillingtoputonanythingtokeepthemsafeinanaccident,buttohissurprise,most

peopleinthecarsjustdidn’twanttobeuncomfortableforevenaminute.Toimprovethesafetyforpeopleinthecars,hedecidedtofindaperfectsystemwhichshouldbesimple,e

ffectiveandconvenient.Intheend,heinventedthethree-pointseatbelt,whichhasbeenconsideredasoneofthegreatestinventionsinh

istory.Seatbeltspreventpeopleinthecarsfromseriousinjuryinfiveways.Keeppeopleinside.Peoplewhoarethrownoutfromacarare

fourtimesmorelikelytobekilledthanthosewhostayinside.Protectthestrongestpartsofthebody.Seatbeltsaredesignedtofixyourbodyatitsstrongestparts.Foranold

erchildandadult,thesepartsarethehips(臀部)andshoulders.Spreadouttheforceinanaccident.Seatbeltsspreadtheforceofthea

ccidentoverawideareaofthebody.Byputtinglessstressononearea,theycanhelpyouavoidseriousinjury.Seatbeltsalsohelpkeepyourupperbody

awayfromthehardpartsofthecarifyoustopsuddenlyorarehitbyanothercar.Helpthebodytoslowdown,Aquickspeedcausesinjury.Withthehelpoftheseatbelts,yo

urbodycanhavemoretimetoslowdowninanaccident.Protectyourbrainandspinalcord(脊柱).Seatbeltsaredesignedtoprotectthesetwokeyareasofthehumanbody.Head

andspinalcordinjuriesmaybehardtoseeimmediately,buttheycancausedeath.Therefore,it’sofgreatimportancetoprotecttheseparts.Ittakesonlyafewseco

ndstobuckleup(系好安全带）onceyougetinthecar,butthissimpleactioncouldsaveyourlife.Whywouldn’tyou?1.Three-pointseatbeltsreducechanceso

fdeathorinjurybyatleast_________.A.10%B.30%C.40%D.50%2.NilsBohlininventedthethree-pointseatbeltinorderto_

________.A.takeacarjourneyquicklyB.showthankstotheengineerC.keepthepilotssafeinanaccidentD.improvethesafetyforpeoplein

thecars3.Fromthepassagewecanlearn_________.A.hipsandshouldersaren’ttheolderchildrenandadults’stronges

tpartsB.seatbeltscankeepyourkneesandfeetawayfromthehardpartsofthecarC.thebodyhasmoretimetoslowdowninanaccidentwiththe

helpofseatbeltsD.headandspinalcordinjuriesmightbeeasytoseeimmediatelyandcausedeath4.Thispassageismainlyabout

_________.A.howseatbeltsaremadeB.howseatbeltsareusedC.howseatbeltssavelivesD.howseatbeltsdevelopbetter人生百味类北京西城一模D篇Successbyfailur

eIhadfailedagain.Itwasthedayofthebigmarathon.Ihaddecidedthreeyearsagototrainforthehalf-marathoneventandtakehomeamedal.ThereIsat,

infrontofmyTV,whileIwatchedotherscrossthefinishline.Itwasjustanotherinalongstring(串)offailures.Ihadnevermeta

singleweightlossorfitnessgoalandIwasmajoringintheartoffailing.Weareafamilyofexplorationandoftenplanactivevacations.Itseemedthatoneveryva

cationIwastheonewhocouldn’tgothedistance.EachtimeIurged(催促)myfamily,“Goonwithoutme.Bringmelotsofpictures

andvideos.I’llbefinejustsittingheretakingintheview.”Ilied.Sickofbeingleftbehind,Idecidedthatitwouldneverh

appenagain.SureIwasinmy50s,butsurelytherewasstillhopeforme.Ialwaysspentweekswalkingtoprepareforouractivevacations.

Ihadlostweightmanytimes.IjustalwaysseemedtofailtogetwhereIneededtobe.ButthistimeIwoulddosomethingdifferent

.Iwasgoingtowalkahalfmarathon.SurelyIwouldloseweightandgetinshapeifIcouldcompleteover12milesinfourhours.

Besides,thiswouldbetraining.Trainingsoundedcoolerthandietandexercise.Iwasrevvedupandreadytogo.Iboughtthepropergear(装备),checked

outwhattypeofdrinkswouldbehandedoutatthemarathonandpreparedalot.Ihadaplan!Nowtwoyearslater,thereIsat,watchingthousandso

fpeopleofallagessucceedwhereIhadfailed.Iwalkedout,angrywithmyself,satdownandhadmyselfapityparty.Iwasamasterattheartofpityparties,havingagrea

tdealofexperienceinholdingthem.Whatwasmyproblem?WherewasIgoingwrong?Istoppedandconsideredeachfailure,onebyone.I

madesomeveryinterestingdiscoveries.IhadfailedtoclimbtothetopofthatMayanpyramid,butIdidclimbitandstoodontheseancientstones.Ihadfailedto

meetasingleweightlossgoalandyetIhadlost43pounds.Icouldn’twalk12milesinfourhours,butIcouldwalk12miles.Allmyfailuresweresoundinglikeasu

ccessstory.ThistimeIwasgivingthanks.IwasthankfulthatIhadbeengiventhespiritoffailurebecausefailuremeantthatIwastrying,thatIdidn’tgiveup.Ideci

dedthatIwouldbecrossingthefinishlinenextyear.1.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Thewriterdidn’tloseanyweightintheend.B.The

writerdidn’tclimbtheMayanpyramid.C.Thewriterdidn’ttakepartinthebigmarathon。D.Thewriterdidn’thaveholida

yswithhisfamily.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasrevvedup.”probablymean?A.Igotexcited.B.Ifeltmoved.C.

Iwaspushed.D.Iwaschosen.3.Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriterinthepassage?A.Cleverandfriendly.B.Interestinga

ndproud.C.Humorousandhopeful.D.Kindandstrong-willed.4.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.oneshouldnevergiveuphalfwayB.settingagoatisthekeytos

uccessC.onecanlearnbymakingandcorrectingmistakesD.tryingbutfailingtoreachthegoalisstillmeaningful教育类北京东城二模D篇ManagingS

tressManyofusexperiencestressinlife,sodothekids.“It'sthehardesttimeoflife,”saysKim“Tip”Frank,writerofBattlingt

heBlues,Grades3-8:TheHandbookforHelpingChildrenandTeensWithDepression.“Kidsneeddirectionandconfidence.”Herearesomecommoncomplaintsofoverstre

ssedmiddleschoolersandwhatparentscandotohelp.“Idon'thaveanyfriends.”First,tellyourchildthatshe'llgetthroughthisdifficultperiod.

“Therewillbetimeswhenyouarealone,”Franksays.“Beingaloneisbetterthanchangingwhoyouaretofitinwiththepopularcrowd.”Somekidsnee

dmoreclearinstructiononhowtomakefriends.Parentscanhelpbyhavingadiscussionwiththeirchildaboutwhatarealfriendis.Askyourchildwhatqualities（品质）hewantsin

afriend.Thenyouhelphimfindsomepossiblefriends.Remindyourchildthatnotallfriendshipsworkoutandtalktohimabouthowtobeagoodfriend.“Mybes

tfrienddoesn'tlikemeanymore.”It'scommonforbestfriendstoseparateduringmiddleschool.Whenithappens,it'spainfulandmakesyour

childfeelleftbehind.“Tohelpyourchilddealwiththisproblem,firstencouragehertomakeitcleartoherfriendthatshewantstokeep

thefriendshipgoing,”Franksays.Then,remindherthatifherfriendchoosestoendthefriendship,it'soutofhercontrol.

“Youcanonlycontrolonesideoftherelationship,”hesays.Talktoyourchildaboutwhyfriendsmoveonorpullaway.Tellyourchildshewillmakenewfri

ends.Ithurts,butitoftenendsupworkingoutforthebestforbothchildren.“Imadeamistake!I'mafailure!”Teachersseealotofperfectionismintoday'skids

.ThesekidsgetupsetiftheygetaBonapaper.Theyareoftenoverstressed.“Perfectionistkidsareoftendrivenbyparents.”Asaparent,seewhetheryouarepus

hingyourchildtofeellikeshecan'tmakeasinglemistake.Doyoutalkabouttopschoolseveryday?Doyoumakeahugedealoutofagradethatisn'ta

nA?“Youcanaskyourchild,‘WhydoyouthinkyouhavetogetstraightA's?”,Franksays.There'smoretolife.Parentscanoffer

theirchildrenopportunitiestohavefun.“Modelhardwork,relaxation,laughter,andjoy,”hesays.“It'snotwhatyousaytokids,i

t'showyoulive.”1.Whenaboydoesn'thaveanyfriends,whatshouldhisparentsdo?A.Findapopularcrowdforhim.B.Directhimtomakesomefriends..C.Encouragehimt

ochangehimself.D.Tellhimtheimportanceofbeingalone.2.WhatdoesFrankthinkofseparationbetweenfriendsinmiddleschool?A.It'snormalandunavoida

bleB.It'spainfulandreallybadforchildren.C.Itmeanstheydon'tvaluetheirfriendship.D.Itmeanstheirfriends

hipisn'tdeepenough.3.Whatsuggestiondoesthewritergivetotheparentsofperfectionistchildren?A.Choosingtopschoolsfortheirchildren.B.Doi

ngsomethingenjoyablewiththeirchildren.C.Preventingtheirchildrenfrommakingmistakes.D.Offeringalotofhelpwiththeirchildren'sstudy.参考答案日常生活类

北京中考C篇：CDBB北京中考D篇：ADA北京东城一模C篇：BDB北京西城一模C篇：BADC北京海淀一模D篇：CBBA北京朝阳一模D篇：DAB北京东城二模C篇：BCCA北京西城二模C篇：BCAD北京西城二模D篇：D

BC北京海淀二模C篇：CBDC北京海淀二模D篇：CDAD北京朝阳二模C篇：BBCC北京朝阳二模D篇：BAB社会现象类北京东城一模D篇：ACBD科普环保类北京海淀一模C篇：BCDC北京朝阳一模C篇：DDCC人生感悟类：北京西城一模D篇：CACD教育类北京东城二模D篇：BAB北京初三期末阅

读理解CD篇综合练习基础篇北京东城期末测试C篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级社会现象类说明文3457分钟__/4★★★FOMOEverybodyknowshowimportantitisforstudents

togetagoodnight’ssleepeverynight.Youaren’tabletodoyourbestunlessyousleepwell.I’msureyou’vealreadyknownthatyoushouldgotobedatareasonabl

etime.Mostexpertsagreethatthepropernumberofhoursiseight,andthisisacceptedascommonsense.However,Iknowthatmostofyougetmuchlesssleepthantha

t–andsometimesitwillhavebadeffectonyourschoolwork.Ireadaninterestingarticleinateachers’magazinerecently.Theydidastudyof848studentsinWales.Worryingly,

theresultsshowedthatteenagersarefacinganewproblem.Theymaygotobedandgetupatcertaintimesbutagrowingnumberarewakingupinthemiddleofthenight,nottousethe

bathroomorhaveasnackbutbecauseofanewphenomenon(现象):FOMO–fearofmissingout!Accordingtothearticle,agrowingnumberofschoolchildrenwakeupdur

ingthenighttochecksocialmedia(媒体).Afraidofmissingacomment(评论)oropportunitytotakepartinachat,theyarewakingatalltimesofthenight,goingonline

andgettinginvolved.Allthishappenswhentheyshouldbesoundasleep.Expertsareworriedaboutthisandthereportshowssomeworryingfacts:●23%of12to15-year-o

ldswakeupnearlyeverynighttousesocialmedia.Another15%wakeupatnightonceaweekforthesamereason.●Oneinthreestudentsoftenfeeltir

edandunabletoworknormally.●Studentswhousesocialmediaduringthenightaremorelikelytofeelunhappyandstressed.So,I’dliketoaskyoutoberesponsiblewhenitco

mestosocialmedia.Bebrave!Turnoffyourmachinesatnight.Theworldwon’tendandyoursocialmediawillbewaitingtogreetyouinthemorning!Igiveyoumywordthatyouwon’t

havemissedanythingimportant.1.Howlongdoesateenagerneedtosleepatnightaccordingtomostexperts?A.Forsixhours.B.Forsevenhours.C.Foreighthours.D.Forni

nehours.2.ThestudyinWalesshowsthatmoreandmoreteenagers.A.gotobedlateB.failtofacetheirproblemsC.havesoundsleepD.checksocialmediaa

tnight3.TeenagerswithFOMOmayworryabout.A.beingleftbehindbyothersB.missingtheirschoollessonsC.wakingupsuddenlyatnigh

tD.beingunabletoworknormally4.Thepassageiswrittento.A.stresstheimportanceofenoughsleepB.describeanewphenome

nonamongteenagersC.advisestudentstostopusingsocialmediaatnightD.explainhowpopularsocialmediaisamongteenagers北京西城期

末测试C篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类议论文3647分钟__/3★★★Doyouconsiderfailureasanending?Doyouoftenfeelafterafailurethatyouaregoodfornothing

?Thenbecareful,youareoneofthemwhohavebadrelationshipwithfailure.Andthisistheonlyreasonwhypeopleoftenkeepthemselvesawayfromtheirsuccess.Th

epoweroffailureisthatithelpsustolearnfromourmistakesandmisstepsandwemustconsiderafailureasanopportuni

tytogrowratherthangivingup.Let'sdiscoverthereasonswhysuccessfulpeoplebelievethatopportunityliesineveryfailure.D

isappointmentorfailureshowsthatyouaretryingThebestwaytogauge（衡量）yourprogressatsomethingistoseehowmanyt

imesyoufailed.Incaseyouhaven'tfailedyet,chancesarethatyouhaven'ttriedhardyet.Lookatallsuccessfulmenandwomenthroughou

tourhistory,theyallhadonethingincommon.That'stosaytheyfailednotoncebutseveraltimesbeforetheyachievedsuccess.Let'stakeanexampleofThomasEdison:hef

ailedalotoftimestofindrightfilament（灯丝）forhislightbulb.HenryFordhadastrongerrelationshipwithfailure,whichinspiredhimtoquotethisunforgettablesayin

g“failureistheopportunitytobeginagain,moreintelligently.”AchievementliesinlookingatfailureasanopportunityJust

likeeverysuccessfulpersonhadonethingincommon,similarlyallunsuccessfulpersonsthroughoutourhistoryhadon

ethingincommon---theirinabilitytousefailureasanopportunityandatool.Ifyoufeelyouronefailureisyourultimate（终极的）failure,andthatfee

lingofsinkingdownisknownasanultimatefailure,youarepushingyourselfawayfromyourexpectedsuccess.Achievementisallabou

tfindingoutwhatmistakesyoumade,whatisthemaincauseofthatfailure,andhowyouaregoingtomakeupforit.Successrequireswillpower,passion,hardwork,int

elligence,determination,butalloftheabove,successrequiresfailure.Useyourfailureasanopportunitytolearn

,tobecomewiserandtoreconsideryourrelationshipwithfailure,thetruekeytosuccess.1.Accordingtothewriter,whydop

eoplekeepthemselvesawayfromtheirsuccess?A.Becausetheydon'tsetlong-termgoals.B.Becausetheyhaven'tgote

noughtime.C.Becausetheycan'tdealwithfailureproperly.D.Becausetheyaredisappointedinthemselves.2.Whydoesth

ewritertaketheexampleofThomasEdison?A.Toexplainthereasonsforfailure.B.Toprovetheimportanceoffailure.C.TotakeprideinThomasEdison.D.Tointroducetheproc

essofmakingalightbulb.3.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Failurecanbuildupyourconfidence.B.Successfulpeopleseldomfailed.C.Failureismoreimportantthansu

ccess.D.Successfulpeopleusefailureasatool.北京海淀期末测试C篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文3527分钟__/3★★★Colorisanactivitythatchildrenworldwidehavel

ongenjoyed.Withapicturealreadymadeforthem.Kidssimplychooseacrayon.Pencilormarkeroftheirfavoritecolorandfilli

tin.Today,italsobecomesmoreandmorepopularamongteenagersandevenadults,whoareenjoyingrelaxinghoursofcoloring.InDecember,fiveofthetoptenbest-sellin

gbooksintheUnitedStateswerecoloringbooks.They’refunbutarecoloringbooksgoodforyou?Thepositivefeedbackfrom

customersisencouraging.TrinaLucido,apopularartistcreatingcoloringbooks,saysthatmanyofhercustomersarebuyingthecolori

ngbooksforotherswhoaresickorgoingthrougharoughtime.Sheaddsthatthe“bigidea”behindherlatestbookistoencouragepeopletodo

somethingcreative.Lucidoisright,accordingtoAllanRohan,apsychologyprofessor.“Manycustomersappreciatecoloringbooksasanewcreativestage,”hesaidinani

nterview,“butwhat’smoreimportantisthatpeoplespendtimecoloringinordertoreduce(减少)stressafteralongday.”Researchshowsthatcoloringcanreducestressbyguid

ingpeopletofocusononesimpletask.Whenapersonisfillinginaflowerwithalightpurplecolor,hefocusesontheflowerandforgetsaboutallhistr

oublesinlife.Expertsaddthatcoloringmayrelievepeoplefromacertainkingofpain.Doingthecoloringhelpspeopleeasetheirmin

dandcalmdown.Also,coloringinfluencespeople’sbraininahealthyway.Theshapeofthedrawingmakesonesideofthebra

inactive,whilethecolorofthedrawingimprovestheother,Coloringcanbringoutyourimaginationandcantakeyoubacktoyourchildhood.Interesting,isn’tit?“Itis

veryrelaxing,”saidSusanJackson,abigfanofLucido’scoloringbooks.“Anystreetjustsortoffallsaway,Coloringfreesmymind.Andit’snotjusttrytof

illblankpages.Thepicturesmakemefeelhappy„andthereisjustsomethingaboutthem.SoI’msavingthepicturesIlikebesttotheveryend.”1.TrinaLucidowantsherc

oloringbooksto______.A.encouragepeopletobecreativeB.beoneofthebest-sellersC.letpeopleenjoyrelaxinghoursD.helpde

velopfriendship.2.Whycancoloringreducestress?A.Becauseitbringsoutimagination.B.Becauseitshowsthebeautyofnature.C.Bec

auseithelpspeopletobemorefocused.D.Becauseitcantakepeoplebacktochildhood.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Lucido’scoloringbooksaremuch-loved

.B.Coloringisaneffectivewaytocurediseases.C.SusanJacksontriestosavehercoloredpictures.D.Theshapeandcolorofd

rawingdoharmtoourbrain.北京朝阳期末测试C篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文3807分钟__/4★★★MyJobChoiceMakingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodasachoosinga

goodlife.So,choosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.Formyjob,therearethreeimportantthingsthatIwillconsider:Thefirstoneistha

tImustworkinanareaIlike.AndIthinkitismostimportanttome.Someoneoncesaid,“Ifyoufindajobthatyouenjoy,thenyouwon’thave

toworkanotherday.”Iwouldliketobecomemorecreativethroughmywork.Iwouldalsoliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.Allthisispossibleon

lyifIlikewhatIdo.Thesecondoneisthattheareaofmyworkmustleadmetosolvesomenewandhardproblems.Iwouldliketostayinthesameareaforal

ongtime.Inorderforthistohappen,theworkmustprovideenoughproblems.Morethanjustworkingtolive,Ienjoymakingadifferenceandtryingmybesttomakepro

gress.Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.ThenIcanprovid

ethebestformyfamilyThethirdimportantthingisthatIwouldliketoworkinanareathatwouldhelpotherpeople.Theworkinmymindisinfieldssuchasthearmy(军队),tra

iningormanagement.Insuchareas,Icanhelptodeveloptheabilitiesofothersandbringoutthebest.Itwouldbeamostsatisfyingjobtohelpyoungpeo

pletobecomethebestthattheycan.WhenIbecomeold,Iwouldliketolookbackwithagreatsenseofsatisfactionthatthousands

ofpeoplehavebecomebetterpersonsthroughmywork.Iaccepttheideathatnooneshouldmakeachoiceofajobsuddenlyandq

uickly.Heshoulddecidewhathewantstobeinthelongrun.Then,heshoulddecidehowheworkstowardsit.Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebook

sandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.Agoodchoicewillmostprobablyleadtoabetterlife.1.Howman

yimportantthingswillthewriterthinkaboutwhenhechoosesajob?A.4.B.3.C.2.D.1.2.Thewriterconsidersanenjoyablejob

mostimportantbecause.A.hewillhavetoworkhardB.hehastobringouthisbestC.itcanmakehimmorecreativeD.itispossibleforhimt

olivebetter3.Theunderlinedword“remunerated”inthepassagemeans__________..A.rainedB.knownC.acceptedD.paid4.Thewriterwantstotellusthat

everyoneshould.A.liveacomfortablelifewithhisfamilyB.jointhearmytobecomeabetterpersonC.makepreparation

stofindasatisfyingjobD.helpyoungpeopletochooseaninterestingjob.提高篇北京东城期末测试D篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级教育类议论文3807分钟__/3★★

★★PeerPressurePowerHaveyoueverdonesomethingyoudidn’twanttodo,justtofitin?Orjustbecauseyourfriendswantedyouto?That’speerpressure.Peersarepeopleo

fyourage,suchasyourfriendsorschoolmates.Yourpeersareallaroundyouallthetime.Theyinfluenceyourdecisionsorbehav

iourandyoulearnalot–bothgoodandbad–byjustbeingaroundthem.Youmightadmireastarplayeratschool.Maybeyoun

oticethepopularkidsatschoolandlookuptothem.Thosearen’tnecessarilybadthings.Beingencouragedandinfluencedbydifferentpeerscouldhelpyouinthelongrun.Thepe

oplearoundyoucanalsobenegative(消极的)influences,however.Maybeastarteammatetellsyounevertopasstheballtoacertainplayer,orapopularstudentcheatsontests.S

houldyoutrytobelikethemtofitin?Somekidsthinkbeingpopularorbeinglikedismoreimportantthantheirownsenseofself.Itdoesn

’tmakesense,butthat’stheproblemwithpeerpressure.Youcanloseyourself.Butyoucanalsofindyourself,asSchuylerdidwhenhewasaskedt

ogocampinglastyear.“Ididn’twanttogocamping,butmyfriendsreallywantedmetogo.Finally,Igavein,andI’msogladIdid.Thetripwasfantastic!Wed

idalotoffunactivitiesIwouldhaveneverdoneonmyown.”Schuylersaid.Peerpressureispowerful,buttheabilitytochoose

isyours.“Ifyourfriendstrytogetyoutodosomethingthatyoufeelwrong,”saysIanBrennan,anexpertwhodealswiththepr

oblemofpeerpressure.“Tellthemexactlyhowyoufeel.Andifthey’renotcoolaboutit,findnewfriends.”Thatcanbehardtodo,butsometimesit’snece

ssary.“Ifyourso-calledfriendsaretryingtogetyoutodonegativethings,doyoureallythinkthey’rethebestfriends?”saysNicoleS.,16,ahighs

choolstudent.“Tome,realfriendsacceptyouforwhoyouareandwhatyoubelievein,andrespectyourdecisions.”Peerpressureisn’tal

wayssomethingtofear.Yourdecisionsareyourstomake.Takethetimetomakethemwisely.1.Accordingtothepassage,peerpressureis.A.theadmirationforfa

mousteenagestarsB.theinfluencefrompeopleofthesameageC.thebehaviourtopleasepopularteammatesD.theabilitytochoosefriendsofsimilartaste2.Schu

yler’sexperienceinParagraph4shows.A.beingpopularisimportantB.peerpressurecanbeagoodthingC.peerpressureiscom

monamongstudentsD.followingfriendsmaymakeyouloseyourself3.What’sthewriter’ssuggestionaboutpeerpressure?A.Changingfriendswhenyoufeelpeerp

ressure.B.Fittinginwithdifferentpeerstomakethemacceptyou.C.Makingdecisionscarefullywhenyoufacepeerpressure.D.Askingexpertsforhelpw

henyoufeelhardtomakechoices.北京西城期末测试D篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级教育类议论文4767分钟__/4★★★★MichaelMorpurgoisoneofBritain'sbestlovedstorymakerswhosebookWarHo

rseistaughtinschool.HemadeaspeechatBookTrustAnnualLecture.Whentalkingabouttests,hesaidthattoomuchtes

tinginschoolswastakingthejoyoutofreadingforchildrenbecauseitdestroyedtheirconfidenceandresultedinfeelingsofshameanddisappointment.Mr

.Morpurgosaidtestingwas"supposedtoencourage"allchildren,whethertheypassedornot,buthiswasnotthecase."Whenyoufail,itbringsa

senseofworthlessness.Itseparatesyoufromthosewhohavepassed,rocksconfidence,anddestroyshopesanddreams."Forchildrenwhopass,theycanhavetheo

pportunitytoreceivethegreatculturalandmaterialbenefitsofoursocietythroughdevelopinganenjoymentofreading.Butforchildrenwho

fail,theyaremadetofeelthattheworldofbooks,storiesandideasisnotforthem,andtheyarenotcleverenoughtojointhatworld.Itisnottheworldtheybe

longto,anditisshutofffromthemforever.AsthepresidentofBookTrust,Mr.Morpurgoalsocriticizedschoolsfortaking

thewonderofstoriesandplayfulnessoflanguage.Schoolshavebeenteachingreadingbyturningstoriesintoaseriesofcomprehensio

nandgrammartests,becausetheyinsistthatmeasurable（可量化的）outcomesandresultsarethebe-allandend-alloftheeducationprocess.B

utblaming（责备）governmentsorschoolsispassingthebuck---itisasocietyasawholethatisresponsibleforwhetheritschildrensucceedorfailineducation,andeveryonesho

uldmakeanefforttoensurethatreadingitselfisapleasureexperienceforallchildren.Mr.Morpurgo,whowasaprimaryteac

herbeforebecomingawriter,wantstoseea“storytime”introducesineveryprimaryschool,whenstoriesarereadaloud,attheendofeachday.His

BookTrustlecturecalledonschoolsandthegovernmenttokeeplibrariesopen,forparentstoreadtotheirchildreneverynight,etc.

“Storytime”wouldbeaspecialtimewithnotestingorteaching.“Letthechildrengohomedreamingofthestory,relivingit,wonder„Alltherestwillcome

later.Oncetheseedissown,theforeislit,childrenwillwanttolearn.Sogivethemtheloveofstoryfirst;therestwillfollow.”DianaGerald,theco-w

orkerofBookTrust,said,“Readingisn’tatick-listofbooks.Thatneedtohavebeenread;norisitjustaskilltobelearne

dthenputaside.Theabilityofreadingandwritingcan,andshouldbetested;readingforpleasureneedstobevaluedandseenmorelikeexercise-doit

asregularlyasyoucan,makeitfunandredtogetherwheneverpossibleformaximumbenefits.”1.Whatdoestheexpressi

on“passingthebuck”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Valuable.B.Irresponsible.C.Unnecessary.D.Harmful.2.Accordingtothepass

age,whatshouldchildrendoattheir“storytime”?A.Enjoyreading.B.Preparefortests.C.Practisewritingstories.D.Ticktheirbookli

sts.3.WhichofthefollowingisMr.Morpurgo’ssuggestion?A.Testshouldbecanceledinschools.B.ChildrenshouldjointheBookTrust.C.Readingforpleasureshould

beencouraged.D.Thegovernmentshouldbuildmorelibraries.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Mr.Morpurgohopestobecomeaprimaryteac

her.B.Childrenwhoaretestedcan’tgetthejoyfromreading.C.Mr.MorpurgowantshisbookWarHorsetobereadofteninschools.D.Childrenwh

ofailintestsprobablywon’texplorethewonderofstories.北京海淀期末测试D篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级教育类议论文3637分钟__/4★★★★Accord

ingtoarecentnewspaperarticle,girlsdobetterthanboysateverylevelofeducation.Soitishardlysurprisingthatwomenarenowfarmorelikelythanmentogotouniversitie

s.“Eclipsed”(黯然失色)MaryCurnockCook,aleaderoftheUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService,issoworriedaboutthefutureofboysthatshewantstoseea

nationalefforttosolvetheissue.Ifthisdifferentialgrowthcarriesonunchecked,girlsbornthisyearwillbe75%morelikelytogotouniversitythanthei

rmalepeers(同伴).Sowhatisattherootofthisgap?Aretherechangesinthenatureofuniversitieswhichhaveledtothedominanceofwo

menoncampus?Aregirlssimplybetteratschoolworkthesedays,andboyslessinterested?Bythetimeteenagersgettotheirhighschool

,girlsarealreadygreatlyoutnumberingboys.Sobeforetheysitasingleexam,thereareprobablymoregirlsthanboyswhoarelikelytogotouniversity.“Wasteoftime?

”TheaveragegradeforagirlisC+comparedtoCforaboyatA-levelexaminations.Butthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsstartmuchearlieron.A

ccordingtoaUniversityofBristolstudy,boysarenearlytwiceaslikelyasgirlstohavefallenbehindbythetimetheystartschool.Prim

aryschoolsoftenhavemorefemaleteachers,andmothershelpingout.Accordingtothestudy,girlsandboysoftenhavedifferentattitudestowardsschoolwo

rk.Thereportsays:”Boysaremorelikelythangirlstoregardschoolasawasteoftime.”What’smore,boystendtospendoveronehourles

sperweekonhomeworkthangirls.Theyaremorelikelytoplaycomputergamesandlesslikelytoreadoutsideofschool.“Therear

ealotofboysthinkingtheycangetawaywiththeleastworkandwantingtospendtheirtimedoingother‘moreinterestingthings’,”saysRogerLeigh

ton,theformerheadteacherofSydneyRussellSchool.“Girls,ontheotherhand,tendtounderstandtheneedtoworkhardearlieron---theytakeal

ongerview.”1.MaryCurnockCookwantsto_______.A.findoutthecauseforthedifferenceB.findoutthenumberofgirlsoncampusC.seeboysworkharderthanthey

usedtoD.seepeopleworktogetherontheproblem2.Theunderlinedword“dominance”inParagraph4probablyreferto“______”.A.achievementinschoolworkB

.positionofadvantageC.progressinsubjectsD.controlofattention3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Boydobetteratsomelevelsof

education.B.Therearechangesinthenatureofuniversities.C.Girlsspendmoretimeonschoolworkthanboys.D.Boysa

ndgirlsperformsimilarlyinprimaryschool.metallicparthandle4.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whichismoreattractivetostu

dents?B.Whatdogirlsunderstandbetterthanboys?C.Whydomorewomenthanmengotouniversity?D.Whoismorelikelytodoab

etterjobinuniversities?北京朝阳期末测试D篇话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级科普环保类说明文3917分钟__/3★★★★ANewInvention----AnElectricForkDoyouknowelectricit

ycanchangethewaywetastefood?Don’tfeelsurprisedatthefact.AspecialelectricforkinventedbyJapaneseresearcherscouldmakeanydishtast

esalty.AccordingtoHiromiNakamura,aPostDoctorResearcheratMeijiUniversityofJapan,thetechnologycanbeveryusef

ulforpeoplewithspecialeatinghabits.Forexample,thesickwithhighbloodpressure（高血压）caneasilydevelopalow-salteatinghabitandstillenjoydelici

ousfood.Andwiththefork,there’stotallynoriskofover-saltingtheirfood.Luckily,thevoltage（电压）issosmallthatitissa

fetousethefork.TheideaofaddingelectricitytofoodwasfirstshowntopublicasanexperimentattheComputerHumanInteracti

onConferenceinAustin,Texas,in2012.Nakamuraandherteamconnectedawire（导线）toa9-voltbattery（电池）andpasseditthrou

ghastraw（吸管）placedinacupofsweetlemonade.Volunteersreportedthatthelemonadetastednotassweetasitusuallywas,becauset

heelectricitycreatedthetasteofsalt.Nakamurahasimprovedthetechnologytobeabletomaketheelectricityreachthefoodthroughforksandchop

sticks.“Themetallicpartoftheforkisoneelectrode（电极）,andthehandleistheother,”Nakamuraexplained.“Whenyoutak

eapieceoffoodwiththeforkandputitinyourmouth,youconnectthecircuit.Whenyoutaketheforkoutofyourmouth,youdisconnectthecir

cuit.Soitactuallyworksasaswitch.”acircuitSimonKlose,TVpresenteroffoodprogramMunchies,whorecentlyvisitedNakamuratotryouttheforkhimself,thensaiditwa

soneofthegreatesteatingexperienceshe’deverhad.“WhenIfirstheardofelectricfood,itsoundedterrible.”hesaid.Helatercontinuedtousetheforktoeatpiecesof

friedchicken,andfoundthatthesaltinessgreatlyincreasedastheelectricitywasconnected.Nakamurahasbeeneating“electric”foodforthepastthree

tofouryearsinordertounderstanditbetter.“Forme,”shesaid,“itmayseemlikewe’recookingbutwe’reactuallyworki

ngonthehumantaste.”1.Theelectricforkmaybegoodforpeoplewho.A.needtoloseweightB.showinterestinphysicsC.workasresearchersD.ha

vehighbloodpressure2.Paragraph4mainlytellsus.A.howtheelectricforkworksB.whatcreatesthetasteofsaltC.wheretheelectricforkwasinventedD.whenthetechnolog

ywasknowntopublic3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theelectricforkcancreateunrealtaste.B.AresearcherfromEnglandinventedtheelectricfork.C.P

eoplecanusetheelectricforkbypushingtheswitch.D.TheideaofaddingelectricitytofoodwasfirstshowninaTVprogram.参考答案基础篇北京东城期末测试C篇：CDAC北京西城期末

测试C篇：CBD北京海淀期末测试C篇：ACA北京朝阳期末测试C篇：BCDC提高篇北京东城期末测试D篇：BBC北京西城期末测试D篇：BACD北京海淀期末测试D篇：DBCC北京朝阳期末测试D篇：DAA附录—高频词北京中考C篇单词/短语词性词

义haveto必须，不得不bedesignedfor为„而设计difficultadj.困难的experimentn.试验cut„into„把„切成„surprisedadj.惊讶的lookdownupon瞧不起b

epunishedfor因„而受惩罚acceptv.接受searchv.搜寻，搜查howeverconj.然而understandv.理解organizev.组织probablyadv.可能北京中考D篇单词/短语词性词义haveto必须，不得不be

designedfor为„而设计difficultadj.困难的experimentn.试验cut„into„把„切成„surprisedadj.惊讶的lookdownupon瞧不起bepunishedfor因„而受惩罚accep

tv.接受searchv.搜寻，搜查howeverconj.然而understandv.理解organizev.组织probablyadv.可能北京东城一模C篇单词/短语词性词义normaladj.正常的differentadj.不同的describev.描述fri

ghtenedadj.害怕的terribleadj.可怕的，很糟的decidev.决定rudeadj.粗鲁的，无理的changev.改变completelyadv.完全地excellentadj.极好的excitinga

dj.令人兴奋的popularadj.受欢迎的discussionn.讨论lookforwardto期待，盼望北京东城一模D篇单词/短语词性词义possibilityn.可能性convenientadj.方便的

calmdown平静下来relaxedadj.放松的necessaryadj.必要的healthyadj.健康的aloneadj.单独的spendv.度过，花费informationn.信息separate„from„把„与„分开北京西

城一模C篇单词/短语词性词义incommon共同的，共有的rememberv.记得experiencev.经验，经历sharev.分享environmentn.环境noticev.注意attendv.出席wonderfuladj.极好的adul

tn.成年人checkout检验北京西城一模D篇单词/短语词性词义successn.成功failuren.失败marathonn.马拉松happenv.发生preparefor为„准备surelyadv.当然angryadj.生气的pityn.遗憾，怜悯thankfuladj.感谢的g

iveup放弃北京海淀一模C篇单词/短语词性词义madadj.疯狂的spreadv.传播realizev.意识到getusedto习惯于，适应destroyv.毁坏，破坏biologicaladj.生物的smartadj.聪明的unknowinglyadj.不知不觉的slideinto

溜进breakv.打破prevent„from„阻止„做„belongv.属于北京海淀一模D篇单词/短语词性词义aimat目的在于pleasantadj.高兴的cooperatewith与„合作whether„ornot不论，是否normallyadv.正常的mana

gev.管理，设法influencev.影响throw„at„朝„扔„solvev.解决speakillof诋毁，说„的坏话cheerfuladj.愉快的necessaryadj.必要的北京朝阳一模C篇单词/短语词性词义hearof听说comeupwith

提出inventv.发明considerv.考虑spreadv.传播，展开avoidv.避免hitv.打击protectv.保护immediatelyadv.立即，立刻simpleadj.简单的北京朝阳一模D篇单词/短语词性词义togetheradv.在一起passaway去世separate

lyadv.分别地amazingadj.令人惊异的missv.错过，思念specialadj.特殊的setaside留出hardlyadv.几乎不meaningfuladj.有意义的effectn.效果，影响comparev.比较，对照opportunityn.机会relation

shipn.关系similarlyadv.类似地worthadj.值得的北京东城二模C篇单词/短语词性词义improvementn.改进，改善technologyn.科技especiallyadv.尤其地supportv.支持communicationn.交流powerfuladj.强

大的benefitn.利益，好处transportationn.运输dependon依赖disadvantagen.缺点regularadj.有规律的北京东城二模D篇单词/短语词性词义stressn.压力hardad

j.困难的，努力的confidencen.自信commonadj.普通的，常见的complaintn.抱怨fitv.使„适应remindv.提醒painfuladj.痛苦的encouragev.鼓励upsetadj.沮丧的pushv.推havefun玩的高兴北京西城一模C

篇单词/短语词性词义speakup大声讲，畅所欲言onlineadj.在线的getalongwith与„和睦相处disagreev.不同意arguev.争论，辩论respectfullyadv.恭敬地discussionn.讨论calmlyadj.冷静地，平静的pointout指出，指明p

atientadj.有耐心的liev.说谎，躺avoidv.避开，避免wrongadj.错误的trustv.相信，信任freedomn.自由北京西城二模D篇单词/短语词性词义insteadadv.代替，反而，相反limitedadj.有

限的adventuren.冒险explorev.探索，探险suitv.适合，使„适应accordingto根据，按照putoff推迟nearbyadj.附近的pullaway（火车等）开始行驶funnyadj.有趣的，好笑的definitelya

dv.当然，肯定的pleasev.使高兴，使满意practicaladj.实际的，实用的incase以防，万一sickadj.生病的北京海淀二模C篇单词/短语词性词义suggestv.暗示，建议actv.行动，表

演，起作用connectv.连接，使„有联系stylishadj.时髦的，流行的appearancen.外貌，外观positiveadj.积极的receivev.收到，接待socialadj.社会的nolonger不再checkv.检查，核对despiteprep.尽管purposefulad

j.有目的的，故意的particularadj.特别的outdooradj.室外，户外的personallyadv.亲自地，就个人而言地北京海淀二模D篇单词/短语词性词义rapidnessn.快，迅速

providev.提供，供给factn.事实，实情websiten.网站collectionn.收集remainv.保持，依然producev.产生，生产taskn.任务，工作responsibilityn.责任，职责expens

iveadj.昂贵的makesureof确定，确保lookthrough仔细检查includev.包括，包含changev.改变recordv.记录，记载北京朝阳C篇单词/短语词性词义basicallyadv.基本上nowadaysadv.现在，当今populationn.人口dr

ivev.开车，驾驶leftadj.左边的exactadj.准确的，严密的generallyadv.一般地，通常obviouslyadv.明显地happenv.发生forcev.强迫continuev.继续changev.改

变becomev.变成avoidv.避免troublen.麻烦朝阳二模D篇单词/短语词性词义clearlyadv.清晰的actuallyadv.事实上causev.引起，导致considerv.考虑，认为confusingadj.令人困惑的oppositeadj.相反的invitation

n.邀请politeadj.有礼貌的probablyadv.大概，或许expectv.期待，预料touchv.触动interruptv.打扰remindv.提醒，使想起suggestv.建议，暗示